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Ilangumaran G, Stratton G, Ravichandran S, Shukla PS, Potin P, Asiedu S, Prithiviraj B. Microbial Degradation of Lobster Shells to Extract Chitin Derivatives for Plant Disease Management. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:781. [PMID: 28529501 PMCID: PMC5418339 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradation of lobster shells by chitinolytic microorganisms are an environment safe approach to utilize lobster processing wastes for chitin derivation. In this study, we report degradation activities of two microbes, "S223" and "S224" isolated from soil samples that had the highest rate of deproteinization, demineralization and chitinolysis among ten microorganisms screened. Isolates S223 and S224 had 27.3 and 103.8 protease units mg-1 protein and 12.3 and 11.2 μg ml-1 of calcium in their samples, respectively, after 1 week of incubation with raw lobster shells. Further, S223 contained 23.8 μg ml-1 of N-Acetylglucosamine on day 3, while S224 had 27.3 μg ml-1 on day 7 of incubation with chitin. Morphological observations and 16S rDNA sequencing suggested both the isolates were Streptomyces. The culture conditions were optimized for efficient degradation of lobster shells and chitinase (∼30 kDa) was purified from crude extract by affinity chromatography. The digested lobster shell extracts induced disease resistance in Arabidopsis by induction of defense related genes (PR1 > 500-fold, PDF1.2 > 40-fold) upon Pseudomonas syringae and Botrytis cinerea infection. The study suggests that soil microbes aid in sustainable bioconversion of lobster shells and extraction of chitin derivatives that could be applied in plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Ilangumaran
- Marine Bio-products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, TruroNS, Canada
| | - Glenn Stratton
- Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, TruroNS, Canada
| | - Sridhar Ravichandran
- Marine Bio-products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, TruroNS, Canada
| | - Pushp S. Shukla
- Marine Bio-products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, TruroNS, Canada
| | | | - Samuel Asiedu
- Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, TruroNS, Canada
| | - Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
- Marine Bio-products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, TruroNS, Canada
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Akocak PB, Churey JJ, Worobo RW. Antagonistic effect of chitinolytic Pseudomonas and Bacillus on growth of fungal hyphae and spores of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus. FOOD BIOSCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bajpai V, Kang S, Baek K. Microbial fermentation of cabbage by a bacterial strain of Pectobacterium atrosepticum for the production of bioactive material against Candida species. J Mycol Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bajpai VK, Kang SC, Lee SG, Baek KH. Microbial Conversion of Tomato by a Plant Pathogenic Bacterium Pectobacterium atrosepticum: A Plant-Microbial Approach to Control Pathogenic Candida Species. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to produce bioconverted products by microbial fermentation of tomato using a plant pathogenic bacterium Pectobacterium atrosepticum and to evaluate their in vitro antimycotic effect against pathogenic Candida species. The bioconverted products (500 μg/disc) provoked promising antimycotic effects against pathogenic isolates of Candida species as shown by the diameters of zones of inhibition (9 ± 0.6 to 14 ± 0.4 mm), along with their respective minimum inhibitory and minimum fungicidal concentration values, which increased from 250 to 1000 and 250 to 2000 μg/mL, respectively. With the viable counts of the tested fungal pathogens, exposure of the bioconverted products revealed a remarkable antimycotic effect. In addition, the morphology of a clinical isolate of C. glabrata KBN06P00368, visualized by scanning electron microscopy, showed a severe detrimental effect produced by the bioconverted products at the minimum inhibitory concentration (250 μg/mL). The bioconverted products significantly inhibited the in vitro growth of all the tested clinical and pathogenic laboratory isolates of Candida species. This study confirmed the potent antimycotic efficacy of the bioconverted products of tomato, hence justifying the therapeutic uses of bioconverted products in pharmaceutical preparations as an alternative approach to support the antifungal activity of conventional antimycotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K. Bajpai
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Gu Lee
- Department of Plant Medicine, School of Bioresource Science, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-749, Republic of Korea
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Jankiewicz U, Brzezinska MS, Saks E. Identification and characterization of a chitinase of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, a bacterium that is antagonistic towards fungal phytopathogens. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 113:30-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2011.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kim SK, Senevirathne M. Membrane bioreactor technology for the development of functional materials from sea-food processing wastes and their potential health benefits. MEMBRANES 2011; 1:327-44. [PMID: 24957872 PMCID: PMC4021872 DOI: 10.3390/membranes1040327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sea-food processing wastes and underutilized species of fish are a potential source of functional and bioactive compounds. A large number of bioactive substances can be produced through enzyme-mediated hydrolysis. Suitable enzymes and the appropriate bioreactor system are needed to incubate the waste materials. Membrane separation is a useful technique to extract, concentrate, separate or fractionate the compounds. The use of membrane bioreactors to integrate a reaction vessel with a membrane separation unit is emerging as a beneficial method for producing bioactive materials such as peptides, chitooligosaccharides and polyunsaturated fatty acids from diverse seafood-related wastes. These bioactive compounds from membrane bioreactor technology show diverse biological activities such as antihypertensive, antimicrobial, antitumor, anticoagulant, antioxidant and radical scavenging properties. This review discusses the application of membrane bioreactor technology for the production of value-added functional materials from sea-food processing wastes and their biological activities in relation to health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Kwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, 599-1, Daeyon 3-dong, Nam-Gu, Busan 608-737, Korea.
| | - Mahinda Senevirathne
- Marine Bioprocess Research Center, Pukyong National University, 599-1, Daeyon 3-dong, Nam-Gu, Busan 608-737, Korea.
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Bioconversion of chitin-containing wastes for the production of enzymes and bioactive materials. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bajpai VK, Kang SC, Park E, Jeon WT, Baek KH. Diverse role of microbially bioconverted product of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) by Pseudomonas syringe pv. T1 on inhibiting Candida species. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:403-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Bajpai VK, Kang SC, Heu S, Shukla S, Lee S, Baek KH. Microbial conversion and anticandidal effects of bioconverted product of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) by Pectobacterium carotovorum pv. carotovorum 21. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:2719-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Meanwell RJL, Shama G. Production of streptomycin from chitin using Streptomyces griseus in bioreactors of different configuration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:5634-5639. [PMID: 18054224 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2006] [Revised: 10/17/2007] [Accepted: 10/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Streptomyces griseus was cultured in three different bioreactors in a medium containing chitin flakes. When a conventional bioreactor stirred by two sets of Rushton impellers and operated at high speed was used, the yield of streptomycin (3.1mg/l) was the highest observed and occurred at approximately 500 h. Cultivation of S. griseus in a bioreactor stirred at low speed by a U-shaped paddle resulted in a lower yield of streptomycin (1.8 mg/l) but this was achieved in a shorter period of time (400 h). Increasing the concentration of chitin from 5% to 10% w/v had no significant effect on either of these two parameters. The use of a novel vertical basket bioreactor in which the chitin flakes were contained within a wire mesh basket and were gently fluidised by air, enabled comparatively high yields of streptomycin (2.8 mg/l) in the relatively short time of 300 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J L Meanwell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leics LE11 3TU, UK
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Effect of Agitation and Aeration Rates on Chitinase Production Using Trichoderma virens UKM1 in 2-l Stirred Tank Reactor. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 150:193-204. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-008-8140-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Liu Y, Chen Z, Ng TB, Zhang J, Zhou M, Song F, Lu F, Liu Y. Bacisubin, an antifungal protein with ribonuclease and hemagglutinating activities from Bacillus subtilis strain B-916. Peptides 2007; 28:553-9. [PMID: 17129637 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2006] [Revised: 10/13/2006] [Accepted: 10/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An antifungal protein, with a molecular mass of 41.9 kDa, and designated as bacisubin, was isolated from a culture of Bacillus subtilis strain B-916. The isolation procedure consisted of ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow, and fast protein liquid chromatography on Phenyl Sepharose 6 Fast Flow and hydroxyapatite columns. The protein was adsorbed on all three chromatographic media. Bacisubin exhibited inhibitory activity on mycelial growth in Magnaporthe grisease, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Alternaria oleracea, A. brassicae and Botrytis cinerea. The IC50 values of its antifungal activity toward the last four fungal species were 4.01 microM, 0.087 microM, 0.055 microM and 2.74 microM, respectively. Bacisubin demonstrated neither protease activity, nor protease inhibitory activity. However, it manifested ribonuclease and hemagglutinating activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Meanwell RJ, Shama G. Chitin in a dual role as substrate for Streptomyces griseus and as adsorbent for streptomycin produced during fermentation. Enzyme Microb Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2005.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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