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Zhong Y, Guo Z, Li M, Jia X, Zeng B. Expression of cellobiose dehydrogenase gene in Aspergillus niger C112 and its effect on lignocellulose degrading enzymes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1330079. [PMID: 38562472 PMCID: PMC10982475 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1330079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) is one of the cellulase auxiliary proteins, which is widely used in the field of biomass degradation. However, how to efficiently and cheaply apply it in industrial production still needs further research. Aspergillus niger C112 is a significant producer of cellulase and has a relatively complete lignocellulose degradation system, but its CDH activity was only 3.92 U. To obtain a recombinant strain of A. niger C112 with high cellulases activity, the CDH from the readily available white-rot fungus Grifola frondose had been heterologously expressed in A. niger C112, under the control of the gpdA promoter. After cultivation in the medium with alkali-pretreated poplar fiber as substrate, the enzyme activity of recombinant CDH reached 36.63 U/L. Compared with the original A. niger C112, the recombinant A. niger transformed with Grifola frondosa CDH showed stronger lignocellulase activity, the activities of cellulases, β-1, 4-glucosidase and manganese peroxidase increased by 28.57, 35.07 and 121.69%, respectively. The result showed that the expression of the gcdh gene in A. niger C112 could improve the activity of some lignocellulose degrading enzymes. This work provides a theoretical basis for the further application of gcdh gene in improving biomass conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Zepan Guo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Meiqun Li
- Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaojiang Jia
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Baiquan Zeng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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Qin Y, Wang N, Ma Z, Li J, Wang Y, Zang L. A mechanistic study on electro-Fenton system cooperating with phangerochate chrysosporium to degrade lignin. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17285-17293. [PMID: 35765444 PMCID: PMC9186436 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01763f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The combined catalytic system of Electro-Fenton (E-Fenton) and Phanerochaete chrysosporium (P. chrysosporium) was constructed in liquid medium with additional potential to overcome the limitations of lignin degradation by white rot fungi alone. To further understand the mechanism of synergistic catalysis, we optimized the optimum potential for lignin catalysis by P. chrysosporium and built synergistic versus separate catalyses. After 48 h of incubation, the optimum growth environment and the highest lignin degradation rate (43.8%) of P. chrysosporium were achieved when 4 V was applied. After 96 h, the lignin degradation rate of the cocatalytic system was 62% (E-Fenton catalysis alone 22% and P. chrysosporium catalysis alone 19%), the pH of the growth maintenance system of P. chrysosporium was approximately 3.5, and the lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP) enzyme activities, were significantly better than those of the control. The qPCR results indicated that the expression of both MnP and LiP genes was higher in the cocatalytic system. Meanwhile, FTIR and 2D-HSQC NMR confirmed that the synergistic catalysis was effective in breaking the aromatic functional groups and the side chains of the aliphatic region of lignin. This study showed that the synergistic catalytic process of electro-Fenton and P. chrysosporium was highly efficient in the degradation of lignin. In addition, the synergetic system is simple to operate, economical and green, and has good prospects for industrial application. The combined catalytic system of Electro-Fenton (E-Fenton) and Phanerochaete chrysosporium (P. chrysosporium) was constructed in liquid medium with additional potential to overcome the limitations of lignin degradation by white rot fungi alone.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjian Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science) Jinan 250353 Shandong P.R. China +86 13325127799
| | - Na Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science) Jinan 250353 Shandong P.R. China +86 13325127799
| | - Zhongmin Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science) Jinan 250353 Shandong P.R. China +86 13325127799
| | - Jinsheng Li
- Weifang Ensign Industry Co., Ltd Changle 262499 Shandong P.R. China
| | - Yaozong Wang
- Weifang Ensign Industry Co., Ltd Changle 262499 Shandong P.R. China
| | - Lihua Zang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science) Jinan 250353 Shandong P.R. China +86 13325127799
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Vasco-Correa J, Capouya R, Shah A, Mitchell TK. Sequential fungal pretreatment of unsterilized Miscanthus: changes in composition, cellulose digestibility and microbial communities. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2263-2279. [PMID: 35171342 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11833-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A sequential fungal pretreatment of Miscanthus × giganteus was conducted by mixing unsterilized Miscanthus with material previously colonized with the white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. For three generations, each generation started with inoculation by mixing unsterilized fresh Miscanthus with end material from the previous generation and ended after 28 days of incubation at 28 °C. After the first generation, the cellulose digestibility of the material doubled, compared to that of the unsterilized Miscanthus, but the second and third generations showed no enhancements in cellulose digestibility. Furthermore, high degradation of Miscanthus structural carbohydrates occurred during the first generation. A microbial community study showed that, even though the fungal community of the material previously colonized by C. subvermispora was composed mainly of this fungus (> 99%), by the first generation its relative abundance was down to only 9%, and other microbes had prevailed. Additionally, changes in the bacterial community occurred that might be associated with unwanted cellulose degradation in the system. This reiterates the necessity of feedstock microbial load reduction for the stability and reproducibility of fungal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. KEY POINTS: • Sequential fungal pretreatment of unsterilized Miscanthus was unsuccessful. • Feedstock changes with white-rot fungi favored the growth of other microorganisms. • Feedstock microbial reduction is necessary for pretreatment with C. subvermispora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Vasco-Correa
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA. .,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Rachel Capouya
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ajay Shah
- Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University/Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - Thomas K Mitchell
- Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Liu H, Chen L, Wang ET, Liu Y, Zhang L, Zhao K, Gu Y, Yu X, Ma M, Penttinen P, Zhang X, Huang M, Deng L, Chen Q. Combined Microbial Consortium Inoculation and Black Locust Planting Is Effective in the Bioremediation of Waste Drill Cuttings. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:536787. [PMID: 33101222 PMCID: PMC7555700 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.536787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste drill cuttings (WDCs), produced during gas and oil drilling consisting of 80% rock cuttings and 20% drilling muds, are an increasingly potent source of environmental pollution. We studied the efficiency of bioaugmentation and phytoremediation to remediate WDCs in an experiment where WDCs were incubated in a greenhouse for 120 days with and without black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) plant and with or without bacterial and fungal consortium inoculant. The pollutant removal rates were highest in inoculated and planted treatment, followed by inoculated treatment and planted treatment. The small decrease in contaminant level in the control treatment suggested that indigenous microorganisms in WDCs had little pollutant degradation capability. In the inoculated and planted treatments, after 120 days, the germination rate of red clover seeds was on the same level as in the natural soil, showing a marked decrease in the ecotoxicity of WDC. Both the bacterial and fungal richness and bacterial diversity increased in all the treatments over time, whereas fungal diversity increased only in the not-inoculated treatments. The activity of laccase enzyme played a key role in the bioremediation process. The enzyme activities were mostly governed by inoculated consortium and soil bacterial community, and black locust affected the bioremediation mainly through its effect on N content that further affected bacterial and fungal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjun Liu
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Safety and Environmental Protection Quality Supervision and Testing Research Institute, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co. Ltd., Guanghan, China
| | - Lirong Chen
- Safety and Environmental Protection Quality Supervision and Testing Research Institute, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co. Ltd., Guanghan, China
| | - En T Wang
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yihao Liu
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingzi Zhang
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunfu Gu
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiumei Yu
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Menggen Ma
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Petri Penttinen
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Huang
- Safety and Environmental Protection Quality Supervision and Testing Research Institute, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co. Ltd., Guanghan, China
| | - Liangji Deng
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- College of Resource Sciences and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Composition of Synthesized Cellulolytic Enzymes Varied with the Usage of Agricultural Substrates and Microorganisms. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 191:1695-1710. [PMID: 32206967 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03297-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated various agricultural lignocellulosic biomass and variety of fungi to produce cellulolytic enzymes cocktail to yield high amount of reducing sugars. Solid-state fermentation was performed using water hyacinth, paddy straw, corn straw, soybean husk/tops, wheat straw, and sugarcane bagasse using fungi like Nocardiopsis sp. KNU, Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus flavus, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium alone and in combination to produce cellulolytic enzymes. Water hyacinth produced (U ml-1) endoglucanase (51.13) and filter paperase (0.55), and corn straw produced (U ml-1) β-glucosidase (4.65), xylanase (113.32), and glucoamylase (41.27) after 7-day incubation using Nocardiopsis sp. KNU. Production of cellulolytic enzymes was altered due to addition of various nitrogen sources, metal ions, vitamins, and amino acids. The maximum cellulolytic enzymes were produced by P. chrysosporium (endoglucanase; 166.32 U ml-1 and exoglucanase; 12.20 U ml-1), and by T. viride (filter paperase; 1.57 U ml-1). Among all, co-culture of T. reesei, T. viride, A. flavus, and P. chrysosporium showed highest β-glucosidase (17.05 U ml-1). The highest xylanase (1129 U ml-1) was observed in T. viride + P. chrysosporium co-culture. This study revealed the dependency on substrate and microorganism to produce good quality enzyme cocktail to obtain maximum reducing sugars.
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Zeng Z, Guo X, Xu P, Xiao R, Huang D, Gong X, Cheng M, Yi H, Li T, Zeng G. Responses of microbial carbon metabolism and function diversity induced by complex fungal enzymes in lignocellulosic waste composting. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 643:539-547. [PMID: 29945088 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Composting is an economic and effective technology for solid waste treatment, which is an essential method to promote the biogeochemical cycle of contaminants. However, the application of this technology was limited by the bio-degradative recalcitrance of lignin and other kind of phytotoxic substances release. The combination with microorganisms and enzymes is a popular and efficient way to enhanced composting. This study, referring to metabolic mechanisms, fungal molecular and biogeochemical cycles, was performed to investigate the effects of lignin degradation, carbon metabolic diversity, as well as the related changes induced by these two kinds of complex enzymes in composting. The biological diversity is important indicator in ecosystem, which concerns the environmental applicability of one technology. The carbon metabolism diversity reflected the biogeochemical cycles of organic matter, which was also an essential input to analyze the effects of composting. The changes on the diversity characteristics of carbon are essential to comprehensively understand the deep mechanisms of this process, and extended the application of complex enzymes in the field of enhanced composting. The analysis of Biolog revealed that the utilization of pyruvic acid methyl ester, α-Cyclodextrin, d-Mannitol, d-Galacturonic, Itaconic acid and l-asparagine were deeply promoted, and that of d, l-α-Glycerol-phosphate, l-Threonine, Glycyl-l-Glutamic acid and putrescine were depressed by adding the complex enzyme in composting. Moreover, according to the data, the addition of complex enzymes improved the degradation efficiency and the metabolic capacity of carbon in composting. These findings undoubtedly contribute to the development of enzyme-based technologies and the applications of complex enzymes in composting, which is of great benefit to eliminate the limitation and extend the application of composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuotong Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xueying Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Piao Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Danlian Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Xiaomin Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Huan Yi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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7
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Microbial manganese peroxidase: a ligninolytic enzyme and its ample opportunities in research. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-018-0046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Liu X, Hiligsmann S, Gourdon R, Bayard R. Anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomasses pretreated with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 193:154-162. [PMID: 28213299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungal pretreatment by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora of two forest residues (hazel and acacia branches) and two agricultural lignocellulosic residues (barley straw and sugarcane bagasse) were studied as a pretreatment to improve their subsequent anaerobic digestion for methane production. Biomass samples were grinded to 2 ranges of particle sizes (<4 or 1 mm), autoclaved, inoculated with two strains of C. subvermispora (ATCC 90467 and ATCC 96608) and incubated at 28 °C for 28 days. The effects of fungal pretreatment were assessed by analyzing the samples before and after incubations for dry solids mass, biochemical composition, bio-methane production (BMP) and availability of cellulose to hydrolysis. The production of ligninolytic enzymes MnP and/or laccase was observed with both strains during incubation on most of the samples tested. It almost doubled the hazel branches BMP per unit mass of dry solids but did not improve however the BMP of the agricultural residues and acacia branches. These observations were explained by the fact that although both strains were able to degrade 20-25% of lignin in <1 mm and <4 mm hazel branches samples, none of them was successful however to significantly degrade lignin in the other samples, except for sugarcane bagasse.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- Univ. Lyon, INSA-Lyon, DEEP Laboratory, EA4126, Bldg. S. Carnot, 20 Avenue A. Einstein, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - S Hiligsmann
- 3BIO-BioTech, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Av. F. Roosevelt 50, CP 165/61, Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Gourdon
- Univ. Lyon, INSA-Lyon, DEEP Laboratory, EA4126, Bldg. S. Carnot, 20 Avenue A. Einstein, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - R Bayard
- Univ. Lyon, INSA-Lyon, DEEP Laboratory, EA4126, Bldg. S. Carnot, 20 Avenue A. Einstein, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France.
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Nava-Cruz NY, Contreras-Esquivel JC, Aguilar-González MA, Nuncio A, Rodríguez-Herrera R, Aguilar CN. Agave atrovirens fibers as substrate and support for solid-state fermentation for cellulase production by Trichoderma asperellum. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:115. [PMID: 28330185 PMCID: PMC5398194 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Many efforts have been made to produce cellulase with better features and conditions, and filamentous fungi have played an important role in the bioprocess, growing in liquid and solid cultures with sugarcane bagasse, corn stover and others lignocellulosic materials. In the present study, Agave atrovirens fibers were partially characterized, thermal pretreated and used as support, substrate and inducer source for cellulolytic complex production by four strains of the genus Trichoderma, where T. asperellum was selected as the best option for this process after evaluating the enzyme activity and the invasion capacity on the pretreated Agave fibers. Fungi were able to grow on the Agave fibers secreting the complex cellulolytic enzyme. Results show Agave fibers as a good carbon source and support for T. asperellum for the production of the cellulolytic complex (endoglucanase 12,860.8 U/g; exoglucanase 3144.4 U/g; and β-glucosidase 384.4 U/g). These results show the promising potential this material could have in the production of the active enzyme cellulase complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naivy Y Nava-Cruz
- Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Juan C Contreras-Esquivel
- Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | | | - Alberto Nuncio
- Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera
- Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Cristóbal N Aguilar
- Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
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Zhu N, Liu J, Yang J, Lin Y, Yang Y, Ji L, Li M, Yuan H. Comparative analysis of the secretomes of Schizophyllum commune and other wood-decay basidiomycetes during solid-state fermentation reveals its unique lignocellulose-degrading enzyme system. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:42. [PMID: 26900401 PMCID: PMC4761152 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0461-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genome of Schizophyllum commune encodes a diverse repertoire of degradative enzymes for plant cell wall breakdown. Recent comparative genomics study suggests that this wood decayer likely has a mode of biodegradation distinct from the well-established white-rot/brown-rot models. However, much about the extracellular enzyme system secreted by S. commune during lignocellulose deconstruction remains unknown and the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, extracellular proteins of S. commune colonizing Jerusalem artichoke stalk were analyzed and compared with those of two white-rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and a brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum. RESULTS Under solid-state fermentation (SSF) conditions, S. commune displayed considerably higher levels of hydrolytic enzyme activities in comparison with those of P. chrysosporium, C. subvermispora and G. trabeum. During biodegradation process, this fungus modified the lignin polymer in a way which was consistent with a hydroxyl radical attack, similar to that of G. trabeum. The crude enzyme cocktail derived from S. commune demonstrated superior performance over a commercial enzyme preparation from Trichoderma longibrachiatum in the hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass at low enzyme loadings. Secretomic analysis revealed that compared with three other fungi, this species produced a higher diversity of carbohydrate-degrading enzymes, especially hemicellulases and pectinases acting on polysaccharide backbones and side chains, and a larger set of enzymes potentially supporting the generation of hydroxyl radicals. In addition, multiple non-hydrolytic proteins implicated in enhancing polysaccharide accessibility were identified in the S. commune secretome, including lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) and expansin-like proteins. CONCLUSIONS Plant lignocellulose degradation by S. commune involves a hydroxyl radical-mediated mechanism for lignocellulose modification in parallel with the synergistic system of various polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. Furthermore, the complex enzyme system of S. commune holds significant potential for application in biomass saccharification. These discoveries will help unveil the diversity of natural lignocellulose-degrading mechanisms, and advance the design of more efficient enzyme mixtures for the deconstruction of lignocellulosic feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhu
- />State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Jiawen Liu
- />State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Jinshui Yang
- />State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yujian Lin
- />State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- />State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Lei Ji
- />State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- />National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Hongli Yuan
- />State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
- />National Energy R&D Center for Non-food Biomass, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
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Ligninolytic Enzymes for Water Depollution, Coal Breakdown, and Paper Industry. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11906-9_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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12
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Brzonova I, Kozliak E, Kubátová A, Chebeir M, Qin W, Christopher L, Ji Y. Kenaf biomass biodecomposition by basidiomycetes and actinobacteria in submerged fermentation for production of carbohydrates and phenolic compounds. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 173:352-360. [PMID: 25314665 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency and dynamics of simultaneous kenaf biomass decomposition by basidiomycetous fungi and actinobacteria were investigated. After 8weeks of incubation, up to 34wt.% of the kenaf biomass was degraded, with the combination of fungi and bacteria being the most efficient. Lignin decomposition accounted for ∼20% of the observed biomass reduction, regardless of the culture used. The remaining 80% of biomass degradation was due to carbohydrate based polymers. Major monosaccharides were produced in tangible yields (26-38%) at different times. Glucose, fructose and xylose were then fully consumed by day 25 while some galactose persisted until day 45. Once monosaccharides were depleted, the production of laccase, manganese-dependent peroxidase and lignin peroxidase enzymes, essential for lignin decomposition, was induced. The products of lignin biodecomposition were shown to be water-soluble and characterized by thermal desorption-pyrolysis-gas chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Brzonova
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Evguenii Kozliak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Alena Kubátová
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Michelle Chebeir
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Wensheng Qin
- Department of Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Lew Christopher
- Center for Bioprocessing Research and Development, South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Rapid City, SD, USA
| | - Yun Ji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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13
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Gene expression of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora during lignocellulosic substrate degradation. BMC Proc 2014. [PMCID: PMC4210712 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-8-s4-p170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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14
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Cheng M, Zeng G, Huang D, Liu L, Zhao M, Lai C, Huang C, Wei Z, Li N, Xu P, Zhang C, Li F, Leng Y. Effect of Pb2+ on the production of hydroxyl radical during solid-state fermentation of straw with Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Synchronous extraction of lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermentation broth. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Biodegradation of chestnut shell and lignin-modifying enzymes production by the white-rot fungi Dichomitus squalens, Phlebia radiata. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2013; 37:755-64. [PMID: 24013443 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-1045-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
As a discarded lignocellulosic biomass, chestnut shell is of great potential economic value, thus a sustainable strategy is needed and valuable for utilization of this resource. Herein, the feasibility of biological processes of chestnut shell with Dichomitus squalens, Phlebia radiata and their co-cultivation for lignin-modifying enzymes (LMEs) production and biodegradation of this lignocellulosic biomass was investigated under submerged cultivation. The treatment with D. squalens alone at 12 days gained the highest laccase activity (9.42 ± 0.73 U mg(-1)). Combined with the data of laccase and manganese peroxidase, oxalate and H2O2 were found to participate in chestnut shell degradation, accompanied by a rapid consumption of reducing sugar. Furthermore, specific surface area of chestnut shell was increased by 77.6-114.1 % with the selected fungi, and total pore volume was improved by 90.2 % with D. squalens. Meanwhile, the surface morphology was observably modified by this fungus. Overall, D. squalens was considered as a suitable fungus for degradation of chestnut shell and laccase production. The presence of LMEs, H2O2 and oxalate provided more understanding for decomposition of chestnut shell by the white-rot fungi.
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17
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Dong XQ, Yang JS, Zhu N, Wang ET, Yuan HL. Sugarcane bagasse degradation and characterization of three white-rot fungi. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 131:443-51. [PMID: 23376835 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the details of lignin biodegradation, the characteristics and process of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) degradation by three lignin degrading fungi, Phanerochaete chrysosporium PC2, Lentinula edode LE16 and Pleurotus ostreatus PO45, were studied. We found that the ligninolytic enzymes polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) were produced first, and that the cellulolytic enzyme CMCase was produced subsequently. These three fungi were more efficient to degrade lignin (85-93%) than hemicelluloses (64-88%) and cellulose (15-67%) in 12weeks, in which P. chrysosporium PC2 was the most efficient strain to degrade all the ingredients. Results of the FTIR and CP/MAS (13)C NMR revealed that the three fungi preferentially degraded syringyl units. The PPO and MnP as the main ligninolytic enzymes, especially the presence of PPO, were new findings in this study, which improved our knowledge of biopretreatment of SCB and evidenced these strains as valuable resource for SCB biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Qin Dong
- State Key Lab of Agrobiotechnology, Center of Biomass Engineering, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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18
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Babič J, Likozar B, Pavko A. Optimization of ligninolytic enzyme activity and production rate with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora for application in bioremediation by varying submerged media composition and growth immobilization support. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:11365-11384. [PMID: 23109859 PMCID: PMC3472751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms130911365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Revised: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Response surface methodology (central composite design of experiments) was employed to simultaneously optimize enzyme production and productivities of two ligninolytic enzymes produced by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. Concentrations of glucose, ammonium tartrate and Polysorbate 80 were varied to establish the optimal composition of liquid media (OLM), where the highest experimentally obtained activities and productivities were 41 U L−1 and 16 U L−1 day−1 for laccase (Lac), and 193 U L−1 and 80 U L−1 day−1 for manganese peroxidase (MnP). Considering culture growth in OLM on various types of immobilization support, the best results were obtained with 1 cm beech wood cubes (BWCM). Enzyme activities in culture filtrate were 152 U L−1 for Lac and 58 U L−1 for MnP, since the chemical composition of this immobilization material induced higher Lac activity. Lower enzyme activities were obtained with polyurethane foam. Culture filtrates of OLM and BWCM were applied for dye decolorization. Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) was decolorized faster and more efficiently than Copper(II)phthalocyanine (CuP) with BWCM (80% and 60%), since Lac played a crucial role. Decolorization of CuP was initially faster than that of RBBR, due to higher MnP activities in OLM. The extent of decolorization after 14 h was 60% for both dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janja Babič
- Chair of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; E-Mail:
| | - Blaž Likozar
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Reaction Engineering, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; E-Mail:
| | - Aleksander Pavko
- Chair of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +386-1-24-19-506; Fax: +386-1-24-19-530
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19
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Fernández-Fueyo E, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Miki Y, Martínez MJ, Hammel KE, Martínez AT. Lignin-degrading peroxidases from genome of selective ligninolytic fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:16903-16. [PMID: 22437835 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.356378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora delignifies lignocellulose with high selectivity, but until now it has appeared to lack the specialized peroxidases, termed lignin peroxidases (LiPs) and versatile peroxidases (VPs), that are generally thought important for ligninolysis. We screened the recently sequenced C. subvermispora genome for genes that encode peroxidases with a potential ligninolytic role. A total of 26 peroxidase genes was apparent after a structural-functional classification based on homology modeling and a search for diagnostic catalytic amino acid residues. In addition to revealing the presence of nine heme-thiolate peroxidase superfamily members and the unexpected absence of the dye-decolorizing peroxidase superfamily, the search showed that the C. subvermispora genome encodes 16 class II enzymes in the plant-fungal-bacterial peroxidase superfamily, where LiPs and VPs are classified. The 16 encoded enzymes include 13 putative manganese peroxidases and one generic peroxidase but most notably two peroxidases containing the catalytic tryptophan characteristic of LiPs and VPs. We expressed these two enzymes in Escherichia coli and determined their substrate specificities on typical LiP/VP substrates, including nonphenolic lignin model monomers and dimers, as well as synthetic lignin. The results show that the two newly discovered C. subvermispora peroxidases are functionally competent LiPs and also suggest that they are phylogenetically and catalytically intermediate between classical LiPs and VPs. These results offer new insight into selective lignin degradation by C. subvermispora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Fernández-Fueyo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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20
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Enhanced enzyme production with the pelleted form of D. squalens in laboratory bioreactors using added natural lignin inducer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 39:449-57. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-011-1036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
White-rot fungi are extensively used in various submerged biotechnology processes to produce ligninolytic enzymes. Transfer of the process from the laboratory to the industrial level requires optimization of the cultivation conditions on the laboratory scale. An interesting area of optimization is pellet growth since this morphological form solves problems such as the decreased oxygen concentration, limited heat, and nutrient transport, which usually occur in dispersed mycelium cultures. Many submerged fermentations with basidiomycetes in pellet form were done with Phanerochaete, Trametes, and Bjerkandera species, among others. In our study, another promising basidiomycete, D. squalens, was used for ligninolytic enzyme production. With the addition of wood particles (sawdust) as a natural inducer and optimization of mixing and aeration conditions in laboratory stirred tank (STR) and bubble column (BCR) reactors on pellet growth and morphology, the secretion of laccase and the manganese-dependent peroxidase into the medium was substantially enhanced. The maximum mean pellet radius was achieved after 10 days in the BCR (5.1 mm) where pellets were fluffy and 5 days in the STR (3.5 mm) where they were round and smooth. The maximum Lac activity (1,882 U l−1) was obtained after 12 days in the STR, while maximum MnP activity (449.8 U l−1) occurred after 18 days in the BCR. The pellet size and morphology depended on the agitation and aeration conditions and consequently influenced a particular enzyme synthesis. The enzyme activities were high and comparable with the activities found for other investigations in reactors with basidiomycetes in the form of pellets.
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21
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Sursyakova VV, Bondareva LG, Burmakina GV, Rubailo AI. New approaches to identification of sources of phenols in surface water bodies. DOKLADY CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s001250081112007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Coal Depolymerising Activity and Haloperoxidase Activity of Mn Peroxidase from Fomes durissimus MTCC-1173. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2011; 2011:260802. [PMID: 22162670 PMCID: PMC3227415 DOI: 10.1155/2011/260802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mn peroxidase has been purified to homogeneity from the culture filtrate of a new fungal strain Fomes durissimus MTCC-1173 using concentration by ultrafiltration and anion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme has been found to be 42.0 kDa using SDS-PAGE analysis. The K(m) values using MnSO(4) and H(2)O(2) as the variable substrates in 50 mM lactic acid-sodium lactate buffer pH 4.5 at 30(°)C were 59 μM and 32 μM, respectively. The catalytic rate constants using MnSO(4) and H(2)O(2) were 22.4 s(-1) and 14.0 s(-1), respectively, giving the values of k(cat)/K(m) 0.38 μM(-1)s(-1) and 0.44 μM(-1)s(-1), respectively. The pH and temperature optima of the Mn peroxidase were 4 and 26(°)C, respectively. The purified MnP depolymerises humic acid in presence of H(2)O(2). The purified Mn peroxidase exhibits haloperoxidase activity at low pH.
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23
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Influence of cultivation conditions on production of lignocellulolytic enzymes by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora. Biologia (Bratisl) 2011. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-011-0103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Effect of ligninolytic enzymes on lignin degradation and carbon utilization during lignocellulosic waste composting. Process Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2011.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Grinhut T, Salame TM, Chen Y, Hadar Y. Involvement of ligninolytic enzymes and Fenton-like reaction in humic acid degradation by Trametes sp. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 91:1131-40. [PMID: 21541787 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Trametes sp. M23, isolated from biosolids compost was found to decompose humic acids (HA). A low N (LN) medium (C/N, 53) provided suitable conditions for HA degradation, whereas in a high N (HN) medium (C/N, 10), HA was not degraded. In the absence of Mn(2+), HA degradation was similar to that in Mn(2+)-containing medium. In contrast, MnP activity was significantly affected by Mn(2+). Laccase activity exhibited a negative correlation to HA degradation, while LiP activity was not detected. Thus, ligninolytic enzymes activity could provide only a partial explanation for the HA-degradation mechanism. The decolorization of two dyes, Orange II and Brilliant Blue R250, was also determined. Similar to HA degradation, under LN conditions, decolorization occurred independently of the presence of Mn(2+). We investigated the possible involvement of a Fenton-like reaction in HA degradation. The addition of DMSO, an OH-radical scavenger, to LN media resulted in a significant decrease in HA bleaching. The rate of extracellular Fe(3+) reduction was much higher in the LN vs. HN medium. In addition, the rate of reduction was even higher in the presence of HA in the medium. In vitro HA bleaching in non-inoculated media was observed with H(2)O(2) amendment to a final concentration of 200 mM (obtained by 50 mM amendments for 4 days) and Fe(2+) (36 mM). After 4 days of incubation, HA decolorization was similar to the biological treatment. These results support our hypothesis that a Fenton-like reaction is involved in HA degradation by Trametes sp. M23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzafrir Grinhut
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, PO Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Okeke BC, Lu J. Characterization of a Defined Cellulolytic and Xylanolytic Bacterial Consortium for Bioprocessing of Cellulose and Hemicelluloses. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 163:869-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-010-9091-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Advancement and comparative profiles in the production technologies using solid-state and submerged fermentation for microbial cellulases. Enzyme Microb Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2010.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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