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Long L, Lin Q, Wang J, Ding S. Microbial α-L-arabinofuranosidases: diversity, properties, and biotechnological applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:84. [PMID: 38294733 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03882-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Arabinoxylans (AXs) are hemicellulosic polysaccharides consisting of a linear backbone of β-1,4-linked xylose residues branched by high content of α-L-arabinofuranosyl (Araf) residues along with other side-chain substituents, and are abundantly found in various agricultural crops especially cereals. The efficient bioconversion of AXs into monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and/or other chemicals depends on the synergism of main-chain enzymes and de-branching enzymes. Exo-α-L-arabinofuranosidases (ABFs) catalyze the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing α-1,2-, α-1,3- or α-1,5- linked α-L-Araf residues from arabinose-substituted polysaccharides or oligosaccharides. ABFs are critically de-branching enzymes in bioconversion of agricultural biomass, and have received special attention due to their application potentials in biotechnological industries. In recent years, the researches on microbial ABFs have developed quickly in the aspects of the gene mining, properties of novel members, catalytic mechanisms, methodologies, and application technologies. In this review, we systematically summarize the latest advances in microbial ABFs, and discuss the future perspectives of the enzyme research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangkun Long
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qunying Lin
- Nanjing Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, China CO-OP, Nanjing, 211111, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojun Ding
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-Based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
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Yan X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Liu Y, Cui J, Mayo KH, Zhou Y, Cui L. Preparation of β-galacto-oligosaccharides using a novel endo-1,4-β-galactanase from Penicillium oxalicum. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127966. [PMID: 37944726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Endo-1,4-β-galactanase is an indispensable tool for preparing prebiotic β-galacto-oligosaccharides (β-GOS) from pectic galactan resources. In the present study, a novel endo-1,4-β-galactanase (PoβGal53) belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 53 from Penicillium oxalicum sp. 68 was cloned and expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. Upon purification by affinity chromatography, recombinant PoβGal53 exhibited a single band on SDS-PAGE with a molecular weight of 45.0 kDa. Using potato galactan as substrate, PoβGal53 showed optimal reaction conditions of pH 4.0, 40 °C, and was thermostable, retaining >80 % activity after incubating below 45 °C for 12 h. Significantly, PoβGal53 exhibited relatively conserved substrate specificity for (1 → 4)-β-D-galactan with an activity of 6244 ± 282 U/mg. In this regard, the enzyme is in effect the most efficient endo-1,4-β-galactanase identified to date. By using PoβGal53, β-GOS monomers were prepared from potato galactan and separated using medium pressure liquid chromatography. HPAEC-PAD, MALDI-TOF-MS and ESI-MS/MS analyses demonstrated that these β-GOS species ranged from 1,4-β-D-galactobiose to 1,4-β-D-galactooctaose (DP 2-8) with high purity. This work provides not only a highly active tool for enzymatic degradation of pectic galactan, but an efficient protocol for preparing β-GOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecui Yan
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry, Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry, Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry, Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry, Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yunxia Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry, Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Institute of innovation science & technology, Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130031, China
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 6-155 Jackson Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Yifa Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry, Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Liangnan Cui
- Engineering Research Center of Glycoconjugates Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemistry, Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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Saleh AA, Mousa A, Amber K, Badwi N, Shoukry M, Khairy M, Nusairat B, Odetallah N, Lin YMA, Selim S. Effect of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase supplementation to low-energy diets on performance, blood constituents, nutrient digestibility, and gene expressions related growth of broiler chickens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:99-110. [PMID: 37587735 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The presence of soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) was reported to reduce nutrient utilisation, and adversely impact the broilers' growth performance; accordingly, NSP-degrading enzymes are essential supplements to cereal-based diets. Therefore, the current trial was conducted to characterise the impacts of supplemental xylanase (Xyl) to diets with low-ME levels on performance, carcass traits, blood parameters, nutrient digestibility and some genes expressions in broiler chickens. A total of 600 1-day-old Ross 308 male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 6 treatments with 10 replications of 10 birds each per group in a completely randomised design. The 6 treatments were as follow: (1) basal diets with balanced ME content served as control (positive control, PC), (2) low-energy diet (negative control 1 [NC1]; ME content reduced by 70 kcal/kg compared with PC), (3) low-energy diet (negative control 2 [NC2]; ME content reduced by 140 kcal/kg compared with PC), (4) NC1 + 100 g/ton xylanase (NC1 + 100Xyl), (5) NC2 + 100 g/ton xylanase (NC2 + 100Xyl), and (6) NC1 + 50 g/ton xylanase (NC1 + 50Xyl). At the end of the experiment (35 days of age), the reduction of energy in the NC diets yielded lower live body weight (BW) and total body weight gain (BWG) (p ˂ 0.001); however, it significantly increased feed intake (p ˂ 0.05), leading to worst feed conversion ratio (FCR) and European production efficiency factor (EPEF) (p ˂ 0.01) than PC. There was non-significant variation in final BW, BWG, FCR, or EPEF between the PC group and the NC groups supplemented with Xyl. Carcass yield, gizzard, liver and, muscle relative weights were not influenced by dietary treatments; while broilers fed diet with low-energy diets with or without Xyl addition had lower abdominal fat (p ˂ 0.01) than PC. Furthermore, broilers fed on low-ME diets supplemented with Xyl showed a reduction in plasma total cholesterol (p ˂ 0.05) and low density lipoprotein (p ˂ 0.01) levels. Greater antibody titre against Newcastle disease (p ˂ 0.05) was recorded in the NC1 + 100Xyl and NC2 + 100Xyl groups. The addition of Xyl to low-energy diets significantly improved (p ˂ 0.05) fibre digestibility compared to the PC group. Moreover, enzyme supplementation increased muscle total lipids content and decreased muscle thiobarbituric acid retroactive substance content. In addition, enzyme supplementation increased gene expression related to growth and gene expression related to fatty acid synthesis. It was concluded that a low-ME diet might diminish broiler performance, whereas Xyl supplementation to low-ME diets beneficially affected growth performance, abdominal fat percentage, nutrient digestibility and immunity for broilers, and gene expressions related to growth and fatty acid synthesis in broiler chickens fed low-energy diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali Saleh
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mousa
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Khairy Amber
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Nemat Badwi
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Shoukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | | | - Basheer Nusairat
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Yun-Mei Amy Lin
- BioResource International, Inc., Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shaimaa Selim
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Menoufia, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt
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Wen J, Miao T, Basit A, Li Q, Tan S, Chen S, Ablimit N, Wang H, Wang Y, Zheng F, Jiang W. Highly efficient synergistic activity of an α-L-arabinofuranosidase for degradation of arabinoxylan in barley/wheat. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1230738. [PMID: 38029111 PMCID: PMC10655120 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1230738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, an α-L-arabinofuranosidase (termed TtAbf62) from Thermothelomyces thermophilus is described, which efficiently removes arabinofuranosyl side chains and facilitates arabinoxylan digestion. The specific activity of TtAbf62 (179.07 U/mg) toward wheat arabinoxylan was the highest among all characterized glycoside hydrolase family 62 enzymes. TtAbf62 in combination with endoxylanase and β-xylosidase strongly promoted hydrolysis of barley and wheat. The release of reducing sugars was significantly higher for the three-enzyme combination relative to the sum of single-enzyme treatments: 85.71% for barley hydrolysis and 33.33% for wheat hydrolysis. HPLC analysis showed that TtAbf62 acted selectively on monosubstituted (C-2 or C-3) xylopyranosyl residues rather than double-substituted residues. Site-directed mutagenesis and interactional analyses of enzyme-substrate binding structures revealed the catalytic sites of TtAbf62 formed different polysaccharide-catalytic binding modes with arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides. Our findings demonstrate a "multienzyme cocktail" formed by TtAbf62 with other hydrolases strongly improves the efficiency of hemicellulose conversion and increases biomass hydrolysis through synergistic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Abdul Basit
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Microbiology, University of Jhang, Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Qunhong Li
- Little Tiger Biotechnology Company Limited, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shenglin Tan
- Little Tiger Biotechnology Company Limited, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuqing Chen
- Little Tiger Biotechnology Company Limited, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nuraliya Ablimit
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Méndez-Líter JA, de Eugenio LI, Nieto-Domínguez M, Prieto A, Martínez MJ. Expression and Characterization of Two α-l-Arabinofuranosidases from Talaromyces amestolkiae: Role of These Enzymes in Biomass Valorization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11997. [PMID: 37569374 PMCID: PMC10418624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
α-l-arabinofuranosidases are glycosyl hydrolases that catalyze the break between α-l-arabinofuranosyl substituents or between α-l-arabinofuranosides and xylose from xylan or xylooligosaccharide backbones. While they belong to several glycosyl hydrolase (GH) families, there are only 24 characterized GH62 arabinofuranosidases, making them a small and underrepresented group, with many of their features remaining unknown. Aside from their applications in the food industry, arabinofuranosidases can also aid in the processing of complex lignocellulosic materials, where cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin are closely linked. These materials can be fully converted into sugar monomers to produce secondary products like second-generation bioethanol. Alternatively, they can be partially hydrolyzed to release xylooligosaccharides, which have prebiotic properties. While endoxylanases and β-xylosidases are also necessary to fully break down the xylose backbone from xylan, these enzymes are limited when it comes to branched polysaccharides. In this article, two new GH62 α-l-arabinofuranosidases from Talaromyces amestolkiae (named ARA1 and ARA-2) have been heterologously expressed and characterized. ARA-1 is more sensitive to changes in pH and temperature, whereas ARA-2 is a robust enzyme with wide pH and temperature tolerance. Both enzymes preferentially act on arabinoxylan over arabinan, although ARA-1 has twice the catalytic efficiency of ARA-2 on this substrate. The production of xylooligosaccharides from arabinoxylan catalyzed by a T. amestolkiae endoxylanase was significantly increased upon pretreatment of the polysaccharide with ARA-1 or ARA-2, with the highest synergism values reported to date. Finally, both enzymes (ARA-1 or ARA-2 and endoxylanase) were successfully applied to enhance saccharification by combining them with a β-xylosidase already characterized from the same fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A. Méndez-Líter
- Department of Microbial & Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.M.-L.); (L.I.d.E.)
| | - Laura I. de Eugenio
- Department of Microbial & Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.M.-L.); (L.I.d.E.)
| | - Manuel Nieto-Domínguez
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;
| | - Alicia Prieto
- Department of Microbial & Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.M.-L.); (L.I.d.E.)
| | - María Jesús Martínez
- Department of Microbial & Plant Biotechnology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.M.-L.); (L.I.d.E.)
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Plouhinec L, Neugnot V, Lafond M, Berrin JG. Carbohydrate-active enzymes in animal feed. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 65:108145. [PMID: 37030553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Considering an ever-growing global population, which hit 8 billion people in the fall of 2022, it is essential to find solutions to avoid the competition between human food and animal feed for croplands. Agricultural co-products have become important components of the circular economy with their use in animal feed. Their implementation was made possible by the addition of exogenous enzymes in the diet, especially carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). In this review, we describe the diversity and versatility of microbial CAZymes targeting non-starch polysaccharides to improve the nutritional potential of diets containing cereals and protein meals. We focused our attention on cellulases, hemicellulases, pectinases which were often found to be crucial in vivo. We also highlight the performance and health benefits brought by the exogenous addition of enzymatic cocktails containing CAZymes in the diets of monogastric animals. Taking the example of the well-studied commercial cocktail Rovabio™, we discuss the evolution, constraints and future challenges faced by feed enzymes suppliers. We hope that this review will promote the use and development of enzyme solutions for industries to sustainably feed humans in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Plouhinec
- INRAE, Aix-Marseille Univ., UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 13009 Marseille, France; ADISSEO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, INSA Toulouse, Hall Gilbert Durand, 31400 Toulouse, France.
| | - Virginie Neugnot
- ADISSEO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, INSA Toulouse, Hall Gilbert Durand, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Mickael Lafond
- INRAE, Aix-Marseille Univ., UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Guy Berrin
- INRAE, Aix-Marseille Univ., UMR1163 Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, 13009 Marseille, France.
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Wu X, Zhang S, Zhao S, Dai L, Huang S, Liu X, Yu J, Wang L. Functional Specificity of Three α-Arabinofuranosidases from Different Glycoside Hydrolase Families in Aspergillus niger An76. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5039-5048. [PMID: 35420820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c08388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
α-l-Arabinofuranosidase (Abf), a debranching enzyme that can remove arabinose substituents from arabinoxylan, promotes the hydrolysis of hemicellulose in plant biomass. However, the functional specificity of Abfs from different glycoside hydrolase (GH) families on the digestion of arabinoxylan and their synergistic interaction with xylanase have not been systematically studied. In this work, we characterized three Abfs (AxhA, AbfB, and AbfC) from GH62, GH54, and GH51 families in Aspergillus niger An76. Quantitative transcriptional analysis showed that expression of the axhA gene was upregulated as a result of induction by xylose substrates, whereas expression of the abfB gene was mainly induced by arabinose. Recombinant AxhA, AbfB, and AbfC exhibited different hydrolytic performances. AxhA showed the highest catalytic activity toward wheat arabinoxylan (WAX) and tended to hydrolyze monosubstituted arabinofuranose units, whereas AbfB had higher catalytic activity on AN and debranched arabinan (DAN), having the ability to cope with mono- and disubstituted arabinofuranose units. Furthermore, AbfC had greater arabinofuranosidase activity on p-nitrophenyl-α-l-arabinofuranoside (pNP-AraF) than on other substrates. Moreover, three Abfs displayed obvious synergistic action with GH11 xylanase XynB against WAX and barley husk residues. The elucidation of the degradation mechanisms of Abfs will lay a theoretical foundation for the efficient industrialized transformation of arabinoxylans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Fermentation Engineering of Beer, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Shuxia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Fermentation Engineering of Beer, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xinli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, Shandong, China
| | - Junhong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Fermentation Engineering of Beer, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Lushan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
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Long L, Sun L, Liu Z, Lin Q, Wang J, Ding S. Functional characterization of a GH62 family α-L-arabinofuranosidase from Eupenicillium parvum suitable for monosaccharification of corncob arabinoxylan in combination with key enzymes. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 154:109965. [PMID: 34933174 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Corncob rich in arabinoxylan is an important raw material widely used in bio-refinery. Complete saccharification of arabinoxylan depends on the synergism of different enzymes including α-L-arabinofuranosidase (ABF). This study aimed to investigate the functional characteristics of a new ABF EpABF62A belonging to glycoside hydrolase (GH) 62 family from the fungus Eupenicillium parvum, and to explore its potential in the saccharification of corncob arabinoxylan. The recombinant EpABF62A showed high activity against wheat arabinoxylan and rye arabinoxylan, with the optimal temperature of 55 °C and pH of 4.5. The protein contains an N-terminal cellulose-binding domain family 1 (CBM_1) domain, and displayed a 59.5% absorption rate to phosphoric acid swollen cellulose. Regioselectivity analysis indicated that the enzyme selectively removed α-1,2 or α-1,3 linked arabinofuranosyl residues on mono-substituted xylose residues on arabinoxylan. Corncob arabinoxylans (CAX1 or CAX2) with different (low or high) branching degrees were extracted from the raw material by alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment and graded ethanol precipitation. Single EpABF62A removed 69.5% or 67.1% arabinose from CAX1 or CAX2, respectively. EpABF62A combined with a GH10 xylanase, a GH43 β-D-xylosidase and a GH67 α-glucuronidase released 75.0% or 64.5% xylose from CAX1 or CAX2, respectively. The addition of the four hemicellulases enhanced the saccharification the solid fraction of the pretreated corncob by the commercial cellulase Cellic® CTec2, and the conversion ratios of glucose, xylose and arabinose were up to 94.0%, 91.8% and 82.6%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangkun Long
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qunying Lin
- Nanjing Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants, Nanjing 211111, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shaojun Ding
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, Nanjing 210037, China.
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The Secretomes of Aspergillus japonicus and Aspergillus terreus Supplement the Rovabio ® Enzyme Cocktail for the Degradation of Soybean Meal for Animal Feed. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7040278. [PMID: 33917144 PMCID: PMC8067802 DOI: 10.3390/jof7040278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the challenges of the 21st century will be to feed more than 10 billion people by 2050. In animal feed, one of the promising approaches is to use agriculture by-products such as soybean meal as it represents a rich source of proteins. However, soybean meal proteins are embedded in a complex plant cell wall matrix, mostly composed of pectic polysaccharides, which are recalcitrant to digestion for animals and can cause digestive disorders in poultry breeding. In this study, we explored fungal diversity to find enzymes acting on soybean meal components. An exploration of almost 50 fungal strains enabled the identification of two strains (Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus japonicus), which improved the solubilization of soybean meal in terms of polysaccharides and proteins. The two Aspergilli strains identified in the frame of this study offer a promising solution to process industrial food coproducts into suitable animal feed solutions.
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Jlali M, Cozannet P, Alleno C, Preynat A. Evaluation of a multicarbohydrase and phytase complex in reduced energy, amino acids, available phosphorus and calcium diets fed to broilers. Livest Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Poria V, Saini JK, Singh S, Nain L, Kuhad RC. Arabinofuranosidases: Characteristics, microbial production, and potential in waste valorization and industrial applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 304:123019. [PMID: 32089440 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-L-arabinofuranoside arabinofuranohydrolase (ARA), more commonly known as alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (E.C. number 3.2.1.55), is a hydrolytic enzyme, catalyzing the cleavage of alpha-L-arabinose by acting on the non-reducing ends of alpha-L-arabinofuranosides, alpha-L-arabinans containing (1,3)- and/or (1,5)-linked arabinoxylans and arabinogalactans. ARA functions as debranching enzyme removing arabinose substituents from arabinoxylan and arabinoxylooligomers, thereby, boosting the hydrolysis of arabinoxylan fraction of hemicellulose and improving bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass. Previously, comprehensive information on this enzyme has not been reviewed thoroughly. Therefore, the main aim of this review is to highlight the important properties of this interesting enzyme, microorganisms used for its production, and enhanced production using genetic engineering approach. An account on synergism with other biomass hydrolyzing enzymes and various industrial applications of this enzyme has also been provided along with an outlook on further research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Poria
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana PIN-123031, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Saini
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana PIN-123031, India
| | - Surender Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana PIN-123031, India; Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi PIN-110012, India.
| | - Lata Nain
- Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi PIN-110012, India
| | - Ramesh Chander Kuhad
- Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana PIN-123031, India; Lignocellulose Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi PIN-110021, India
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Effect of concentration of arabinoxylans and a carbohydrase mixture on energy, amino acids and nutrients total tract and ileal digestibility in wheat and wheat by-product-based diet for pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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13
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GH30-7 Endoxylanase C from the Filamentous Fungus Talaromyces cellulolyticus. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.01442-19. [PMID: 31492671 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01442-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolase family 30 subfamily 7 (GH30-7) enzymes include various types of xylanases, such as glucuronoxylanase, endoxylanase, xylobiohydrolase, and reducing-end xylose-releasing exoxylanase. Here, we characterized the mode of action and gene expression of the GH30-7 endoxylanase from the cellulolytic fungus Talaromyces cellulolyticus (TcXyn30C). TcXyn30C has a modular structure consisting of a GH30-7 catalytic domain and a C-terminal cellulose binding module 1, whose cellulose-binding ability has been confirmed. Sequence alignment of GH30-7 xylanases exhibited that TcXyn30C has a conserved Phe residue at the position corresponding to a conserved Arg residue in GH30-7 glucuronoxylanases, which is required for the recognition of the 4-O-methyl-α-d-glucuronic acid (MeGlcA) substituent. TcXyn30C degraded both glucuronoxylan and arabinoxylan with similar kinetic constants and mainly produced linear xylooligosaccharides (XOSs) with 2 to 3 degrees of polymerization, in an endo manner. Notably, the hydrolysis of glucuronoxylan caused an accumulation of 22-(MeGlcA)-xylobiose (U4m2X). The production of this acidic XOS is likely to proceed via multistep reactions by putative glucuronoxylanase activity that produces 22-(MeGlcA)-XOSs (X n U4m2X, n ≥ 0) in the initial stages of the hydrolysis and by specific release of U4m2X from a mixture containing X n U4m2X. Our results suggest that the unique endoxylanase activity of TcXyn30C may be applicable to the production of linear and acidic XOSs. The gene xyn30C was located adjacent to the putative GH62 arabinofuranosidase gene (abf62C) in the T. cellulolyticus genome. The expression of both genes was induced by cellulose. The results suggest that TcXyn30C may be involved in xylan removal in the hydrolysis of lignocellulose by the T. cellulolyticus cellulolytic system.IMPORTANCE Xylooligosaccharides (XOSs), which are composed of xylose units with a β-1,4 linkage, have recently gained interest as prebiotics in the food and feed industry. Apart from linear XOSs, branched XOSs decorated with a substituent such as methyl glucuronic acid and arabinose also have potential applications. Endoxylanase is a promising tool in producing XOSs from xylan. The structural variety of XOSs generated depends on the substrate specificity of the enzyme as well as the distribution of the substituents in xylan. Thus, the exploration of endoxylanases with novel specificities is expected to be useful in the provision of a series of XOSs. In this study, the endoxylanase TcXyn30C from Talaromyces cellulolyticus was characterized as a unique glycoside hydrolase belonging to the family GH30-7, which specifically releases 22-(4-O-methyl-α-d-glucuronosyl)-xylobiose from hardwood xylan. This study provides new insights into the production of linear and branched XOSs by GH30-7 endoxylanase.
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Saleh AA, Kirrella AA, Abdo SE, Mousa MM, Badwi NA, Ebeid TA, Nada AL, Mohamed MA. Effects of Dietary Xylanase and Arabinofuranosidase Combination on the Growth Performance, Lipid Peroxidation, Blood Constituents, and Immune Response of Broilers Fed Low-Energy Diets. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E467. [PMID: 31336620 PMCID: PMC6680578 DOI: 10.3390/ani9070467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to examine that impact of dietary xylanase (Xyl) and arabinofuranosidase (Abf) supplementation on the performance, protein and fat digestibility, the lipid peroxidation, the plasma biochemical traits, and the immune response of broilers. A total of 480, un-sexed, and one-day-old broilers (Ross 308) were randomly divided into three treatments with eight replicates, where chicks in the first treatment were fed basal diets and served as the control, chicks in the second treatment were fed diets formulated with reductions of 90 kcal/kg, and chicks in the third treatment were fed the same formulated diets used in the second group as well as the Xyl and Abf combination (Rovabio® Advance). Feed intake was decreased by the low energy diet, leading to an enhancement in feed efficiency enzyme supplementation in the low energy diet (p < 0.015). Both protein and fat digestibility were improved (p < 0.047) due to enzyme supplementation. Moreover, enzyme supplementation increased muscle total lipids content and decreased muscle thiobarbituric acid retroactive substance content. Furthermore, diets supplemented with Xyl and Abf exhibited an increase in antibody titers against the Newcastle disease virus (p < 0.026). In addition, enzyme supplementation increased gene expression related to growth and gene expression related to fatty acid synthesis. It could be concluded that dietary Xyl and Abf supplementation had beneficial impacts on growth, nutrient digestibility, lipid peroxidation, immune response, and gene expressions related to growth and fatty acid synthesis in broiler chickens fed low-energy diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Saleh
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 333516, Egypt.
| | - Abeer A Kirrella
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 333516, Egypt
| | - Safaa E Abdo
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 333516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Mousa
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 333516, Egypt
| | - Nemat A Badwi
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 333516, Egypt
| | - Tarek A Ebeid
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 333516, Egypt
- Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed L Nada
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 333516, Egypt
- Orkila Egypt Chemicals SAE, 12 Al-Badeya Street, El Merghany Heliopolis, Cairo 11757, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Mohamed
- Adisseo France SAS 10 Place du Général de Gaulle, Antony, 92160 Paris, France
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Deshors M, Guais O, Neugnot-Roux V, Cameleyre X, Fillaudeau L, Francois JM. Combined in situ Physical and ex-situ Biochemical Approaches to Investigate in vitro Deconstruction of Destarched Wheat Bran by Enzymes Cocktail Used in Animal Nutrition. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:158. [PMID: 31297370 PMCID: PMC6607472 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat bran is a foodstuff containing more than 40% of non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) that are hardly digestible by monogastric animals. Therefore, cocktails enriched of hydrolytic enzymes (termed NSPases) are commonly provided as feed additives in animal nutrition. However, how these enzymes cocktails contribute to NSPs deconstruction remains largely unknown. This question was addressed by employing an original methodology that makes use of a multi-instrumented bioreactor that allows to dynamically monitor enzymes in action and to extract in-situ physical and ex-situ biochemical data from this monitoring. We report here that the deconstruction of destarched wheat bran by an industrial enzymes cocktail termed Rovabio® was entailed by two concurrent events: a particles fragmentation that caused in <2 h a 70% drop of the suspension viscosity and a solubilization that released <30 % of the wheat bran NSPs. Upon longer exposure, the fragmentation of particles continued at a very slow rate without any further solubilization. Contrary to this cocktail, xylanase C alone caused a moderate 25% drop of viscosity and a very weak fragmentation. However, the amount of xylose and arabinose from solubilized sugars after 6 h treatment with this enzyme was similar to that obtained after 2 h with Rovabio®. Altogether, this multi-scale analysis supported the synergistic action of enzymes mixture to readily solubilize complex polysaccharides, and revealed that in spite of the richness and diversity of hydrolytic enzymes in the cocktail, the deconstruction of NSPs in wheat bran was largely incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Deshors
- LISBP, UMR INSA-CNRS 5504 & INRA 792, Toulouse, France.,Cinabio-Adisseo France S.A.S., Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - Luc Fillaudeau
- LISBP, UMR INSA-CNRS 5504 & INRA 792, Toulouse, France.,Fédération de Recherche FERMAT (Fluides, Energie, Réacteurs, Matériaux et Transferts), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, INSA, UPS, Toulouse, France
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16
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Sarch C, Suzuki H, Master ER, Wang W. Kinetics and regioselectivity of three GH62 α-L-arabinofuranosidases from plant pathogenic fungi. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1070-1078. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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17
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Raza A, Bashir S, Tabassum R. An update on carbohydrases: growth performance and intestinal health of poultry. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01437. [PMID: 31008387 PMCID: PMC6454264 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry is an imperative domesticated livestock species that provides high quality protein and micronutrients as meat and eggs. In poultry production, feed is the single major input constituting 70-75% of total production cost. Feed mainly consists of cereal grains, those provide energy to the birds. However, these grains contain different levels of anti-nutritional factors such as non-starch polysaccharides (NSP). These NSP are indigestible by poultry birds due to the lack of vital endogenous enzymes (carbohydrases) thus increase intestinal viscosity which slower the migration and absorption of nutrients. Consequently, these NSP may also increase the chances for infection by inducing competition within gut microbiota for digestible nutrients. This affects bird's health and increases the production cost. Therefore, there is a need to find efficient and effective solutions for these problems. Carbohydrases supplementation have an important role in poultry diets with high NSP contents. Feed enzymes are being used from years to enhance growth performance and digestibility but have limited activity for selective ingredients. New generation carbohydrases with a board range of activity and stability help to degrade the complex substrates and improve growth performance of poultry. Present review summarizes the updated literature on the use of carbohydrases to improve bird's performance and intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Raza
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saira Bashir
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Romana Tabassum
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Jhang Road, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
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18
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Highly thermostable GH51 α-arabinofuranosidase from Hungateiclostridium clariflavum DSM 19732. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:3783-3793. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Cozannet P, Kidd M, Yacoubi N, Geraert PA, Preynat A. Dietary Energy and Amino Acid Enhancement From a Multi-enzyme Preparation. J APPL POULTRY RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfy056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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20
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Llanos A, Déjean S, Neugnot-Roux V, François JM, Parrou JL. Carbon sources and XlnR-dependent transcriptional landscape of CAZymes in the industrial fungus Talaromyces versatilis: when exception seems to be the rule. Microb Cell Fact 2019; 18:14. [PMID: 30691469 PMCID: PMC6348686 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-019-1062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research on filamentous fungi emphasized the remarkable redundancy in genes encoding hydrolytic enzymes, the similarities but also the large differences in their expression, especially through the role of the XlnR/XYR1 transcriptional activator. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the specificities of the industrial fungus Talaromyces versatilis, getting clues into the role of XlnR and the importance of glucose repression at the transcriptional level, to provide further levers for cocktail production. Results By studying a set of 62 redundant genes representative of several categories of enzymes, our results underlined the huge plasticity of transcriptional responses when changing nutritional status. As a general trend, the more heterogeneous the substrate, the more efficient to trigger activation. Genetic modifications of xlnR led to significant reorganisation of transcriptional patterns. Just a minimal set of genes actually fitted in a simplistic model of regulation by a transcriptional activator, and this under specific substrates. On the contrary, the diversity of xlnR+ versus ΔxlnR responses illustrated the existence of complex and unpredicted patterns of co-regulated genes that were highly dependent on the culture condition, even between genes that encode members of a functional category of enzymes. They notably revealed a dual, substrate-dependant repressor-activator role of XlnR, with counter-intuitive transcripts regulations that targeted specific genes. About glucose, it appeared as a formal repressive sugar as we observed a massive repression of most genes upon glucose addition to the mycelium grown on wheat straw. However, we also noticed a positive role of this sugar on the basal expression of a few genes, (notably those encoding cellulases), showing again the strong dependence of these regulatory mechanisms upon promoter and nutritional contexts. Conclusions The diversity of transcriptional patterns appeared to be the rule, while common and stable behaviour, both within gene families and with fungal literature, the exception. The setup of a new biotechnological process to reach optimized, if not customized expression patterns of enzymes, hence appeared tricky just relying on published data that can lead, in the best scenario, to approximate trends. We instead encourage preliminary experimental assays, carried out in the context of interest to reassess gene responses, as a mandatory step before thinking in (genetic) strategies for the improvement of enzyme production in fungi.![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1062-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Llanos
- LISBP, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRA, CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Adisseo France S.A.S, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Sébastien Déjean
- Institut de Mathématiques de Toulouse, UMR5219-Université de Toulouse; CNRS-UPS, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Jean M François
- LISBP, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRA, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Luc Parrou
- LISBP, Université de Toulouse, INSA, INRA, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
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21
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Ruminiclostridium josui Abf62A-Axe6A: A tri-functional xylanolytic enzyme exhibiting α-l-arabinofuranosidase, endoxylanase, and acetylxylan esterase activities. Enzyme Microb Technol 2018; 117:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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22
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Cozannet P, Kidd MT, Montanhini Neto R, Geraert PA. Next-generation non-starch polysaccharide-degrading, multi-carbohydrase complex rich in xylanase and arabinofuranosidase to enhance broiler feed digestibility. Poult Sci 2018; 96:2743-2750. [PMID: 28431149 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of a multi-carbohydrase complex (MCC) rich in xylanase (Xyl) and arabinofuranosidase (Abf) on overall broiler feed digestibility in broilers. Energy utilization and digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), protein, starch, fat, and insoluble and soluble fibers were measured using the mass-balance method. The experiment was carried out on 120 broilers (3-week-old chickens). Broilers were distributed over 8 treatments to evaluate the effect of the dietary arabinoxylan content and nutrient density with and without MCC (Rovabio® Advance). The graded content of arabinoxylan (AX) was obtained using different raw materials (wheat, rye, barley, and dried distillers' wheat). Diet-energy density was modified with added fat. Measurements indicated that nutrient density and AX content had a significant effect on most digestibility parameters. Apparent metabolizable energy (AME) was significantly increased (265 kcal kg-1) by MCC. The addition of MCC also resulted in significant improvement in the digestibility of all evaluated nutrients, with average improvements of 3.0, 3.3, 3.2, 3.0, 6.2, 2.9, 5.8, and 3.8% units for DM, OM, protein, starch, fat, insoluble and soluble fibers, and energy utilization, respectively. The interaction between MCC and diet composition was significant for the digestibility of OM, fat, protein, and energy. Nutrient digestibility and diet AME were negatively correlated with AX content (P < 0.001). However, the addition of MCC resulted in a reduction of this negative effect (P < 0.001). The AME of diets with and without the addition of MCC were successfully predicted by the diet digestible nutrient (i.e., starch, protein, fat, insoluble and soluble fibers) content with and without MCC (R2 = 0.87; RSD = 78 kcal kg-1). This study confirms that the presence of AX in wheat-based diets and wheat-based diets with other cereals and cereal by-products reduces nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Furthermore, the dietary addition of MCC, which is rich in Xyn and Abf, reduced deleterious effect of fiber and improved overall nutrient digestibility in broiler diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael T Kidd
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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Identification and characterization of GH62 bacterial α-l-arabinofuranosidase from thermotolerant Streptomyces sp. SWU10 that preferentially degrades branched l-arabinofuranoses in wheat arabinoxylan. Enzyme Microb Technol 2018; 112:22-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hu Y, Yan X, Zhang H, Liu J, Luo F, Cui Y, Wang W, Zhou Y. Cloning and expression of a novel α-1,3-arabinofuranosidase from Penicillium oxalicum sp. 68. AMB Express 2018; 8:51. [PMID: 29611040 PMCID: PMC5880795 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery and creation of biocatalysts for plant biomass conversion are essential for industrial demand and scientific research of the plant cell wall. α-1,2 and α-1,3-L-arabinofuranosidases are debranching enzymes that catalyzing hydrolytic release of α-L-arabinofuranosyl residues in plant cell wall. Gene database analyses shows that GH62 family only contains specific α-L-arabinofuranosidases that play an important role in the degradation and structure of the plant cell wall. At present, there are only 22 enzymes in this group has been characterized. In this study, we cloned a novel α-1,3-arabinofuranosidase gene (poabf62a) belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 62 from Penicillium oxalicum sp. 68 and expressed it in Pichia pastoris. The molecular mass of recombinant PoAbf62A was estimated to be 32.9 kDa. Using p-nitrophenyl-α-l-arabinofuranoside (pNPαAbf) as substrate, purified PoAbf62A exhibited an optimal pH of 4.5 and temperature of 35 °C. Results of methylation and 13C NMR analyses showed that PoAbf62A was exclusively α-1,3-arabinofuranosidase, specific for cleavage of α-1,3-arabinofuranosyl residues, and with the absence of activity towards α-1,2-arabinofuranose and α-1,5-arabinofuranose. Therefore, PoAbf62A exhibits high activity on sugar beet arabinan and wheat arabinoxylan, because their branched side chain are decorated with α-1,3-arabinofuranose. On the other hand, there is a lack of activity with linear-α-L-1,5-arabinan and xylan that only contained α-L-1,5-arabinofuranose or β-1,4-xylose. The α-1,3-arabinofuranosidase activity identified here provides a new biocatalytic tool to degrade hemicellulose and analyze the structure of plant cell walls.
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GH62 arabinofuranosidases: Structure, function and applications. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:792-804. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Contesini FJ, Liberato MV, Rubio MV, Calzado F, Zubieta MP, Riaño-Pachón DM, Squina FM, Bracht F, Skaf MS, Damasio AR. Structural and functional characterization of a highly secreted α-l-arabinofuranosidase (GH62) from Aspergillus nidulans grown on sugarcane bagasse. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2017; 1865:1758-1769. [PMID: 28890404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes are key enzymes for biomass-to-bioproducts conversion. α-l-Arabinofuranosidases that belong to the Glycoside Hydrolase family 62 (GH62) have important applications in biofuel production from plant biomass by hydrolyzing arabinoxylans, found in both the primary and secondary cell walls of plants. In this work, we identified a GH62 α-l-arabinofuranosidase (AnAbf62Awt) that was highly secreted when Aspergillus nidulans was cultivated on sugarcane bagasse. The gene AN7908 was cloned and transformed in A. nidulans for homologous production of AnAbf62Awt, and we confirmed that the enzyme is N-glycosylated at asparagine 83 by mass spectrometry analysis. The enzyme was also expressed in Escherichia coli and the studies of circular dichroism showed that the melting temperature and structural profile of AnAbf62Awt and the non-glycosylated enzyme from E. coli (AnAbf62Adeglyc) were highly similar. In addition, the designed glycomutant AnAbf62AN83Q presented similar patterns of secretion and activity to the AnAbf62Awt, indicating that the N-glycan does not influence the properties of this enzyme. The crystallographic structure of AnAbf62Adeglyc was obtained and the 1.7Å resolution model showed a five-bladed β-propeller fold, which is conserved in family GH62. Mutants AnAbf62AY312F and AnAbf62AY312S showed that Y312 was an important substrate-binding residue. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the loop containing Y312 could access different conformations separated by moderately low energy barriers. One of these conformations, comprising a local minimum, is responsible for placing Y312 in the vicinity of the arabinose glycosidic bond, and thus, may be important for catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Jares Contesini
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil; Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Caixa Postal 6192, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Vizoná Liberato
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Caixa Postal 6192, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ventura Rubio
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Felipe Calzado
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Mauricio Riaño-Pachón
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP, Caixa Postal 6192, 13083-970, Brazil; Laboratory of Regulatory Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Fabio Marcio Squina
- Programa de Processos Tecnológicos e Ambientais, Universidade de Sorocaba, (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, CEP 18023-000, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Bracht
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP CEP: 13084-862, Brazil
| | - Munir S Skaf
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP CEP: 13084-862, Brazil
| | - André Ricardo Damasio
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil.
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Water-soluble fractions obtained by enzymatic treatment of wheat grains promote short chain fatty acids production by broiler cecal microbiota. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wilkens C, Andersen S, Petersen BO, Li A, Busse-Wicher M, Birch J, Cockburn D, Nakai H, Christensen HEM, Kragelund BB, Dupree P, McCleary B, Hindsgaul O, Hachem MA, Svensson B. An efficient arabinoxylan-debranching α-l-arabinofuranosidase of family GH62 from Aspergillus nidulans contains a secondary carbohydrate binding site. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6265-6277. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Pérez R, Eyzaguirre J. Aspergillus fumigatus Produces Two Arabinofuranosidases From Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 62: Comparative Properties of the Recombinant Enzymes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 179:143-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-1984-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Laothanachareon T, Bunterngsook B, Suwannarangsee S, Eurwilaichitr L, Champreda V. Synergistic action of recombinant accessory hemicellulolytic and pectinolytic enzymes to Trichoderma reesei cellulase on rice straw degradation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 198:682-690. [PMID: 26433794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Synergism between core cellulases and accessory hydrolytic/non-hydrolytic enzymes is the basis of efficient hydrolysis of lignocelluloses. In this study, the synergistic action of three recombinant accessory enzymes, namely GH62 α-l-arabinofuranosidase (ARA), CE8 pectin esterase (PET), and GH10 endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (XYL) from Aspergillus aculeatus expressed in Pichia pastoris to a commercial Trichoderma reesei cellulase (Accellerase® 1500; ACR) on hydrolysis of alkaline pretreated rice straw was studied using a mixture design approach. Applying the full cubic model, the optimal ratio of quaternary enzyme mixture was predicted to be ACR:ARA:PET:XYL of 0.171:0.079:0.100:0.150, which showed a glucose releasing efficiency of 0.173 gglc/FPU, higher than the binary ACR:XYL mixture (0.122 gglc/FPU) and ACR alone (0.081 gglc/FPU) leading to a 47.3% increase in glucose yield compared with that from ACR at the same cellulase dosage. The result demonstrates the varying degree of synergism of accessory enzymes to cellulases useful for developing tailor-made enzyme systems for bio-industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanaporn Laothanachareon
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory and Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 113 Pahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Benjarat Bunterngsook
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory and Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 113 Pahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Surisa Suwannarangsee
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory and Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 113 Pahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Lily Eurwilaichitr
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory and Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 113 Pahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Verawat Champreda
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory and Integrative Biorefinery Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, 113 Pahonyothin Road, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
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Martinez T, Texier H, Nahoum V, Lafitte C, Cioci G, Heux L, Dumas B, O’Donohue M, Gaulin E, Dumon C. Probing the Functions of Carbohydrate Binding Modules in the CBEL Protein from the Oomycete Phytophthora parasitica. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137481. [PMID: 26390127 PMCID: PMC4577117 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oomycetes are microorganisms that are distantly related to true fungi and many members of this phylum are major plant pathogens. Oomycetes express proteins that are able to interact with plant cell wall polysaccharides, such as cellulose. This interaction is thought to be mediated by carbohydrate-binding modules that are classified into CBM family 1 in the CAZy database. In this study, the two CBMs (1–1 and 1–2) that form part of the cell wall glycoprotein, CBEL, from Phytophthora parasitica have been submitted to detailed characterization, first to better quantify their interaction with cellulose and second to determine whether these CBMs can be useful for biotechnological applications, such as biomass hydrolysis. A variety of biophysical techniques were used to study the interaction of the CBMs with various substrates and the data obtained indicate that CBEL’s CBM1-1 exhibits much greater cellulose binding ability than CBM1-2. Engineering of the family 11 xylanase from Talaromyces versatilis (TvXynB), an enzyme that naturally bears a fungal family 1 CBM, has produced two variants. The first one lacks its native CBM, whereas the second contains the CBEL CBM1-1. The study of these enzymes has revealed that wild type TvXynB binds to cellulose, via its CBM1, and that the substitution of its CBM by oomycetal CBM1-1 does not affect its activity on wheat straw. However, intriguingly the addition of CBEL during the hydrolysis of wheat straw actually potentiates the action of TvXynB variant lacking a CBM1. This suggests that the potentiating effect of CBM1-1 might not require the formation of a covalent linkage to TvXynB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Martinez
- Université Toulouse 3, UPS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Hélène Texier
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France
- Cinabio ADISSEO France SAS, Hall Gilbert Durand 3, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Nahoum
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, F-31077, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toulouse, F-31077, France
| | - Claude Lafitte
- Université Toulouse 3, UPS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Gianluca Cioci
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Bernard Dumas
- Université Toulouse 3, UPS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Michael O’Donohue
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Gaulin
- Université Toulouse 3, UPS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, 24 chemin de Borde Rouge, BP42617, Auzeville, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Claire Dumon
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France
- INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France
- * E-mail:
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Heterologous expression and characterization of α-l-arabinofuranosidase 4 from Penicillium purpurogenum and comparison with the other isoenzymes produced by the fungus. Fungal Biol 2015; 119:641-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Inoue H, Kishishita S, Kumagai A, Kataoka M, Fujii T, Ishikawa K. Contribution of a family 1 carbohydrate-binding module in thermostable glycoside hydrolase 10 xylanase from Talaromyces cellulolyticus toward synergistic enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:77. [PMID: 26000036 PMCID: PMC4440266 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enzymatic removal of hemicellulose components such as xylan is an important factor for maintaining high glucose conversion from lignocelluloses subjected to low-severity pretreatment. Supplementation of xylanase in the cellulase mixture enhances glucose release from pretreated lignocellulose. Filamentous fungi produce multiple xylanases in their cellulase system, and some of them have modular structures consisting of a catalytic domain and a family 1 carbohydrate-binding module (CBM1). However, the role of CBM1 in xylanase in the synergistic hydrolysis of lignocellulose has not been investigated in depth. RESULTS Thermostable endo-β-1,4-xylanase (Xyl10A) from Talaromyces cellulolyticus, which is recognized as one of the core enzymes in the fungal cellulase system, has a modular structure consisting of a glycoside hydrolase family 10 catalytic domain and CBM1 at the C-terminus separated by a linker region. Three recombinant Xyl10A variants, that is, intact Xyl10A (Xyl10Awt), CBM1-deleted Xyl10A (Xyl10AdC), and CBM1 and linker region-deleted Xyl10A (Xyl10AdLC), were constructed and overexpressed in T. cellulolyticus. Cellulose-binding ability of Xyl10A CBM1 was demonstrated using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. Xyl10AdC and Xyl10AdLC showed relatively high catalytic activities for soluble and insoluble xylan substrates, whereas Xyl10Awt was more effective in xylan hydrolysis of wet disc-mill treated rice straw (WDM-RS). The enzyme mixture of cellulase monocomponents and intact or mutant Xyl10A enhanced the hydrolysis of WDM-RS glucan, with the most efficient synergism found in the interactions with Xyl10Awt. The increased glucan hydrolysis yield exhibited a linear relationship with the xylan hydrolysis yield by each enzyme. This relationship revealed significant hydrolysis of WDM-RS glucan with lower supplementation of Xyl10Awt. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Xyl10A CBM1 has the following two roles in synergistic hydrolysis of lignocellulose by Xyl10A and cellulases: enhancement of lignocellulosic xylan hydrolysis by binding to cellulose, and the efficient removal of xylan obstacles that interrupt the cellulase activity (because of similar binding target of CBM1). The combination of CBM-containing cellulases and xylanases in a fugal cellulase system could contribute to reduction of the enzyme loading in the hydrolysis of pretreated lignocelluloses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Inoue
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046 Japan
| | - Seiichiro Kishishita
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046 Japan
| | - Akio Kumagai
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046 Japan
| | - Misumi Kataoka
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Fujii
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ishikawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 3-11-32 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046 Japan
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Kaur AP, Nocek BP, Xu X, Lowden MJ, Leyva JF, Stogios PJ, Cui H, Di Leo R, Powlowski J, Tsang A, Savchenko A. Functional and structural diversity in GH62 α-L-arabinofuranosidases from the thermophilic fungus Scytalidium thermophilum. Microb Biotechnol 2014; 8:419-33. [PMID: 25267315 PMCID: PMC4408175 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The genome of the thermophilic fungus Scytalidium thermophilum (strain CBS 625.91) harbours a wide range of genes involved in carbohydrate degradation, including three genes, abf62A, abf62B and abf62C, predicted to encode glycoside hydrolase family 62 (GH62) enzymes. Transcriptome analysis showed that only abf62A and abf62C are actively expressed during growth on diverse substrates including straws from barley, alfalfa, triticale and canola. The abf62A and abf62C genes were expressed in Escherichia coli and the resulting recombinant proteins were characterized. Calcium-free crystal structures of Abf62C in apo and xylotriose bound forms were determined to 1.23 and 1.48 Å resolution respectively. Site-directed mutagenesis confirmed Asp55, Asp171 and Glu230 as catalytic triad residues, and revealed the critical role of non-catalytic residues Asp194, Trp229 and Tyr338 in positioning the scissile α-L-arabinofuranoside bond at the catalytic site. Further, the +2R substrate-binding site residues Tyr168 and Asn339, as well as the +2NR residue Tyr226, are involved in accommodating long-chain xylan polymers. Overall, our structural and functional analysis highlights characteristic differences between Abf62A and Abf62C, which represent divergent subgroups in the GH62 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Pal Kaur
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada
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Siguier B, Haon M, Nahoum V, Marcellin M, Burlet-Schiltz O, Coutinho PM, Henrissat B, Mourey L, O'Donohue MJ, Berrin JG, Tranier S, Dumon C. First structural insights into α-L-arabinofuranosidases from the two GH62 glycoside hydrolase subfamilies. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:5261-73. [PMID: 24394409 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.528133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
α-L-arabinofuranosidases are glycoside hydrolases that specifically hydrolyze non-reducing residues from arabinose-containing polysaccharides. In the case of arabinoxylans, which are the main components of hemicellulose, they are part of microbial xylanolytic systems and are necessary for complete breakdown of arabinoxylans. Glycoside hydrolase family 62 (GH62) is currently a small family of α-L-arabinofuranosidases that contains only bacterial and fungal members. Little is known about the GH62 mechanism of action, because only a few members have been biochemically characterized and no three-dimensional structure is available. Here, we present the first crystal structures of two fungal GH62 α-L-arabinofuranosidases from the basidiomycete Ustilago maydis (UmAbf62A) and ascomycete Podospora anserina (PaAbf62A). Both enzymes are able to efficiently remove the α-L-arabinosyl substituents from arabinoxylan. The overall three-dimensional structure of UmAbf62A and PaAbf62A reveals a five-bladed β-propeller fold that confirms their predicted classification into clan GH-F together with GH43 α-L-arabinofuranosidases. Crystallographic structures of the complexes with arabinose and cellotriose reveal the important role of subsites +1 and +2 for sugar binding. Intriguingly, we observed that PaAbf62A was inhibited by cello-oligosaccharides and displayed binding affinity to cellulose although no activity was observed on a range of cellulosic substrates. Bioinformatic analyses showed that UmAbf62A and PaAbf62A belong to two distinct subfamilies within the GH62 family. The results presented here provide a framework to better investigate the structure-function relationships within the GH62 family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Siguier
- From the Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse
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