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Ramakrishna TRB, Ashton TD, Marshall SN, Nalder TD, Yang W, Barrow CJ. Effect of Triton X-100 on the Activity and Selectivity of Lipase Immobilized on Chemically Reduced Graphene Oxides. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:9202-9214. [PMID: 34286574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effect of support hydrophobicity on lipase activity and substrate selectivity was investigated with and without Triton X-100 (TX-100). Lipases from Thermomyces lanuginosa (TL) and Alcaligenes sp. (QLM) were immobilized on graphene oxide (GO) and a range of chemically reduced graphene oxides (CRGOs) with different levels of surface hydrophobicity. Activity assays using 4-hydroxy-N-propyl-1,8-naphthalimide (NAP) esters of varying chain lengths (NAP-butyrate (NAP-B), NAP-octanoate (NAP-O), and NAP-palmitate (NAP-P)) showed that the activity of immobilized QLM and TL decreased by more than 60% on GO and 80% on CRGO (2 h), with activity decreasing further as surface hydrophobicity of the CRGOs increased. Across the hydrophobicity range of GO/CRGOs, the substrate selectivity of QLM shifted from more readily hydrolyzing NAP-P to NAP-B, while TL retained its substrate selectivity for NAP-O. Lipase TL was also shown to desorb from GO and 2 h CRGO when mixed with NAP-O and NAP-P, whereas QLM did not. Circular dichroism analyses of the lipase α-helix content correlate to the observed activity data, with decreases in the α-helical content (40% in TL and 20% in QLM relative to free lipase) consistent with decreases in activity after immobilization on GO. α-Helical content decreased even further as the surface hydrophobicity of CRGOs increased. Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy also showed significant changes to the lipase secondary structure upon immobilization. The addition of TX-100 into the activity assay modified the substrate selectivity of immobilized QLM, improving the activity against NAP-O (90%) and NAP-P (67%) compared to the activity measured without TX-100. It was shown that TX-100 primarily affected the activity of QLM by interacting with the ester substrate and the lipase itself. This study provides an improved understanding of how support hydrophobicity and the presence of TX-100 can affect activity/selectivity of lipases immobilized on hydrophobic supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini R B Ramakrishna
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
- Seafood Unit, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, 293-297 Akersten Street, Nelson 7010, New Zealand
| | - Trent D Ashton
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Susan N Marshall
- Seafood Unit, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, 293-297 Akersten Street, Nelson 7010, New Zealand
| | - Tim D Nalder
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
- Seafood Unit, The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, 293-297 Akersten Street, Nelson 7010, New Zealand
| | - Wenrong Yang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Colin J Barrow
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
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Ibrahim E, Mahmoud A, Jones KD, Taylor KE, Hosseney EN, Mills PL, Escudero JM. Kinetics and thermodynamics of thermal inactivation for recombinant Escherichia coli cellulases, cel12B, cel8C, and polygalacturonase, peh28; biocatalysts for biofuel precursor production. J Biochem 2021; 169:109-117. [PMID: 32810224 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass conversion using cellulases/polygalacturonases is a process that can be progressively influenced by several determinants involved in cellulose microfibril degradation. This article focuses on the kinetics and thermodynamics of thermal inactivation of recombinant Escherichia coli cellulases, cel12B, cel8C and a polygalacturonase, peh 28, derived from Pectobacterium carotovorum sub sp. carotovorum. Several consensus motifs conferring the enzymes' thermal stability in both cel12B and peh28 model structures have been detailed earlier, which were confirmed for the three enzymes through the current study of their thermal inactivation profiles over the 20-80°C range using the respective activities on carboxymethylcellulose and polygalacturonic acid. Kinetic constants and half-lives of thermal inactivation, inactivation energy, plus inactivation entropies, enthalpies and Gibbs free energies, revealed high stability, less conformational change and protein unfolding for cel12B and peh28 due to thermal denaturation compared to cel8C. The apparent thermal stability of peh28 and cel12B, along with their hydrolytic efficiency on a lignocellulosic biomass conversion as reported previously, makes these enzymes candidates for various industrial applications. Analysis of the Gibbs free energy values suggests that the thermal stabilities of cel12B and peh28 are entropy-controlled over the tested temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Ibrahim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA.,Department of Botany and Microbiology, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mahmoud
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Kim D Jones
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Keith E Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ebtesam N Hosseney
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Patrick L Mills
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA
| | - Jean M Escudero
- Department of Basic Sciences, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63110-1088, USA
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Papadopoulou A, Zarafeta D, Galanopoulou AP, Stamatis H. Enhanced Catalytic Performance of Trichoderma reesei Cellulase Immobilized on Magnetic Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanoparticles. Protein J 2020; 38:640-648. [PMID: 31549278 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-019-09869-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei was immobilized by covalent or non-covalent binding onto magnetic hierarchical porous carbon (MHPC) nanomaterials. The immobilization yield and the enzyme activity were higher when covalent immobilization approach was followed. The covalent immobilization approach leads to higher immobilization yield (up to 96%) and enzyme activity (up to 1.35 U mg-1) compared to the non-covalent cellulase binding. The overall results showed that the thermal, storage and operational stability of the immobilized cellulase was considerably improved compared to the free enzyme. The immobilized cellulose catalyzed the hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose up to 6 consecutive successive reaction cycles, with a total operation time of 144 h at 50 °C. The half-life time of the immobilized enzyme in deep eutectic solvents-based media was up to threefold higher compared to the soluble enzyme. The increased pH and temperature tolerance of the immobilized cellulase, as well as the increased operational stability in aqueous and deep eutectic solvents-based media indicate that the use of MHPCs as immobilization nanosupport could expand the catalytic performance of cellulolytic enzymes in various reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athena Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitra Zarafeta
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
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Synthesis of indole based amides using immobilized lipase on graphene oxide (GO@lipase) as a retrievable heterogeneous nano biocatalyst. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Stable cellulase immobilized on graphene oxide@CMC-g-poly(AMPS-co-AAm) hydrogel for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 230:115661. [PMID: 31887893 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study indicated tailoring efficient polymer-enzyme bioconjugates with superb stability and activity for practical utilization of cellulase enzyme in hydrolyzing lignocellulosic biomass. To this goal, a dual crosslinking (DC) strategy was presented to synthesize novel 3D networks of carboxymethyl cellulose grafted copolymers of 2-acrylamido-2methyl propane sulfonate and acrylamide (CMC-g-poly(AMPS-co-AAm)) hydrogels. Graphene oxide (GO) nano-sheets were utilized as nano-filler and physical cross-linker making H-bondings between polymeric chains to prepare GO@CMC-g-poly(AMPS-co-AAm) networks. The GO content effects on the performance of as-synthesized architectures in conjugation to a model enzyme (PersiCel1) were examined. PersiCel1 immobilization on the GO reinforced hydrogels resulted in noticeable retaining near 60 % of its maximum activity at 90 °C, along with the remarkable enhancement of its specific activity and storage stability. Compared with the free PersiCel1, the immobilized enzyme on the GO containing hydrogels showed 154.8 % increase in conversion of alkalin-treated sugar beet pulp, while the PersiCel1/neat-Hydrogel indicated an increment of 66.7 %, under the same conditions.
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Co-immobilization of multiple enzymes onto surface-functionalized magnetic nanoparticle for the simultaneous hydrolysis of multiple substrates containing industrial wastes. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-01125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Improved features of a highly stable protease from Penaeus vannamei by immobilization on glutaraldehyde activated graphene oxide nanosheets. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 130:564-572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Dutta N, Saha MK. Nanoparticle-induced enzyme pretreatment method for increased glucose production from lignocellulosic biomass under cold conditions. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:767-780. [PMID: 29998478 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate pretreatment strategies that fractionate sugarcane bagasse (SB) are essential for the successful use of this feedstock in ethanol production. In this paper, we investigate a purely enzymatic process to achieve increased production of reducing sugars (RS) from SB in the presence of MgO nanoparticles (MgN) subjected to a three-step sequential enzyme treatment. RESULT Pretreatment of SB with protease activated by magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgN-pro) at 95 °C showed an increase in amino acid production by 6.18-fold compared to the untreated enzyme set at the same temperature. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) studies showed an 18-fold removal of lignin from the samples subjected to protease (+ MgN) treatment compared to untreated samples. When the MgN-pro pretreated samples were subjected to pretreatment with xylanase activated by magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgN-xyl), more than 30-fold increased RS was produced at 8 °C compared to cellulase (cel) pretreated samples. Xylanase pretreated SB samples produced 1.82- and 1.91-fold increased reducing sugar and glucose respectively at 8 °C in the presence of MgN compared to untreated samples at the same temperature. CONCLUSION The results presented here show the efficiency of the proposed method for improving the enzymatic digestibility of SB and explain the pretreatment action mechanism. These findings have potential implications in bio-ethanol, bio-fuel, and agro industries. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalok Dutta
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Malay Kumar Saha
- Department of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Hondred JA, Breger JC, Alves NJ, Trammell SA, Walper SA, Medintz IL, Claussen JC. Printed Graphene Electrochemical Biosensors Fabricated by Inkjet Maskless Lithography for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Organophosphates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:11125-11134. [PMID: 29504744 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b19763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Solution phase printing of graphene-based electrodes has recently become an attractive low-cost, scalable manufacturing technique to create in-field electrochemical biosensors. Here, we report a graphene-based electrode developed via inkjet maskless lithography (IML) for the direct and rapid monitoring of triple-O linked phosphonate organophosphates (OPs); these constitute the active compounds found in chemical warfare agents and pesticides that exhibit acute toxicity as well as long-term pollution to soils and waterways. The IML-printed graphene electrode is nano/microstructured with a 1000 mW benchtop laser engraver and electrochemically deposited platinum nanoparticles (dia. ∼25 nm) to improve its electrical conductivity (sheet resistance decreased from ∼10 000 to 100 Ω/sq), surface area, and electroactive nature for subsequent enzyme functionalization and biosensing. The enzyme phosphotriesterase (PTE) was conjugated to the electrode surface via glutaraldehyde cross-linking. The resulting biosensor was able to rapidly measure (5 s response time) the insecticide paraoxon (a model OP) with a low detection limit (3 nM), and high sensitivity (370 nA/μM) with negligible interference from similar nerve agents. Moreover, the biosensor exhibited high reusability (average of 0.3% decrease in sensitivity per sensing event), stability (90% anodic current signal retention over 1000 s), longevity (70% retained sensitivity after 8 weeks), and the ability to selectively sense OP in actual soil and water samples. Hence, this work presents a scalable printed graphene manufacturing technique that can be used to create OP biosensors that are suitable for in-field applications as well as, more generally, for low-cost biosensor test strips that could be incorporated into wearable or disposable sensing paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Hondred
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Joyce C Breger
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering , Code 6900, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Nathan J Alves
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering , Code 6900, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Scott A Trammell
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering , Code 6900, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Scott A Walper
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering , Code 6900, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering , Code 6900, U. S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Jonathan C Claussen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering , Ames Laboratory , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
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Tan L, Tan Z, Feng H, Qiu J. Cellulose as a template to fabricate a cellulase-immobilized composite with high bioactivity and reusability. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj03271d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a new strategy was developed to fabricate an oriented cellulase/chitosan/Fe3O4composite, which possesses extremely high activity, reusability, and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals
- Lanzhou University of Technology
- Lanzhou 730050
- P. R. China
- College of Petrochemical Technology
| | - Zhaojun Tan
- College of Petrochemical Technology
- Lanzhou University of Technology
- Lanzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Huixia Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals
- Lanzhou University of Technology
- Lanzhou 730050
- P. R. China
- College of Petrochemical Technology
| | - Jianhui Qiu
- Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering
- Faculty of System Science and Technology
- Akita Prefectural University
- Yurihonjo
- Akita 015-0055
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Ramakrishna TRB, Nalder TD, Yang W, Marshall SN, Barrow CJ. Controlling enzyme function through immobilisation on graphene, graphene derivatives and other two dimensional nanomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3200-3218. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00313k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Controlling enzyme function through immobilisation on graphene, graphene derivatives and other two dimensional nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini R. B. Ramakrishna
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Deakin University
- Australia
- Seafood Unit
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited
| | - Tim D. Nalder
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Deakin University
- Australia
- Seafood Unit
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited
| | - Wenrong Yang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Deakin University
- Australia
| | - Susan N. Marshall
- Seafood Unit
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited
- Nelson 7010
- New Zealand
| | - Colin J. Barrow
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Deakin University
- Australia
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Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Nanographene-Armored Enzymes. Methods Enzymol 2018; 609:83-142. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Dutta N, Saha MK. Immobilization of a Mesophilic Lipase on Graphene Oxide: Stability, Activity, and Reusability Insights. Methods Enzymol 2018; 609:247-272. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Khoshnevisan K, Vakhshiteh F, Barkhi M, Baharifar H, Poor-Akbar E, Zari N, Stamatis H, Bordbar AK. Immobilization of cellulase enzyme onto magnetic nanoparticles: Applications and recent advances. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Immobilization of Cellulase on a Functional Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Support: Stability and Kinetic Study. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7120374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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