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Huang Z, Zhang L, Li Y, Yu Y, Shen Y, Sun X, Lou K, Luo H, Meng Z, Li H, Wei Y. Population Pharmacodynamic Models of Risperidone on PANSS Total Scores and Prolactin Levels in Schizophrenia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:148. [PMID: 38399363 PMCID: PMC10891722 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, research predominantly focuses on evaluating clinical effects at specific time points while neglecting underlying patterns within the treatment process. This study aims to analyze the dynamic alterations in PANSS total scores and prolactin levels in patients with schizophrenia treated with risperidone, along with the influencing covariates. Using data from an 8-week randomized, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial, a population pharmacodynamic model was established for the PANSS total scores of and prolactin levels in patients treated with risperidone. The base model employed was the Emax model. Covariate selection was conducted using a stepwise forward inclusion and backward elimination approach. A total of 144 patients were included in this analysis, with 807 PANSS total scores and 531 prolactin concentration values. The PANSS total scores of the patients treated with risperidone decreased over time, fitting a proportionally parameterized sigmoid Emax model with covariates including baseline score, course of the disease, gender, plasma calcium ions, and lactate dehydrogenase levels. The increase in prolactin levels conformed to the ordinary Emax model, with covariates encompassing course of the disease, gender, weight, red blood cell count, and triglyceride levels. The impacts of the baseline scores and the course of the disease on the reduction of the PANSS scores, as well as the influence of gender on the elevation of prolactin levels, each exceeded 20%. This study provides valuable quantitative data regarding PANSS total scores and prolactin levels among patients undergoing risperidone treatment across various physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Huang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; (Z.H.)
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; (Z.H.)
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; (Z.H.)
| | - Yimin Yu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; (Z.H.)
| | - Yifeng Shen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; (Z.H.)
| | - Xiujia Sun
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; (Z.H.)
| | - Kun Lou
- CSPC Zhongqi Pharmaceutical Technology (Shijiazhuang) Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Hongmei Luo
- CSPC Zhongqi Pharmaceutical Technology (Shijiazhuang) Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Zhibin Meng
- CSPC Zhongqi Pharmaceutical Technology (Shijiazhuang) Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Huafang Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; (Z.H.)
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yumei Wei
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; (Z.H.)
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Luzardo-Ocampo I, Dena-Beltrán JL, Ruiz-Herrera X, Ocampo-Ruiz AL, Martínez de la Escalera G, Clapp C, Macotela Y. Obesity-derived alterations in the lactating mammary gland: Focus on prolactin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 559:111810. [PMID: 36374835 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a modern pandemic with negative consequences in women's reproductive health. Women with overweight and obesity can develop mammary gland alterations that unable exclusive breastfeeding. Obesity associates with a disturbed lactating mammary gland endocrine environment including a decreased action of the hormone prolactin (PRL), the master regulator of lactation. The PRL receptor and the action of PRL are reduced in the mammary gland of lactating rodents fed an obesogenic diet and are contributing factors to impaired lactation in obesity. Also, treatment with PRL improves milk yield in women with lactation insufficiency. This review focuses on the impact of diet-induced obesity in the lactating mammary gland and how obesity impairs the lactogenic action of PRL. Although obesity alters lactation performance in humans and rodents, the responsible mechanisms have been mainly addressed in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Luzardo-Ocampo
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - José L Dena-Beltrán
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Xarubet Ruiz-Herrera
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Ana Luisa Ocampo-Ruiz
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Martínez de la Escalera
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Carmen Clapp
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Yazmín Macotela
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, Mexico.
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Thyroid Function and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents with Neuromotor Disability. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9101531. [PMID: 36291467 PMCID: PMC9599988 DOI: 10.3390/children9101531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid function plays a crucial role in nervous system integrity and metabolic homeostasis. We evaluated the pattern of TSH, FT4 and FT3 release in children with neuromotor impairment (NI) in relationship with metabolic syndrome (MS). We enrolled 55 patients with NI and 30 controls. Clinical parameters, thyroid function and MS presence were recorded. Principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, and logistic regression models were performed. MS was detected in 54.5% of patients. Four clusters were identified: the first one included only controls and, contrasting with cluster 4, was exclusively characterized by children with disability and MS. This latter showed increased FT4 and FT3 and decreased TSH levels. Cluster 2, characterized by disability without MS showed high FT4 and FT3, whereas cluster 3 with low FT4 and FT3 mainly included disability (90%) and showed prevalent MS (57%). The association between TSH and NI is represented by a U-shape structure. The TSH, FT3 and FT4 release patterns may reflect thyrotropic adaptation, allostatic response and compensatory mechanisms. These mechanisms, found in both MS and disability, show that the odds of having a condition of NI with or without MS increase as the TSH values deviate, in both directions, from a value of 2.5 mLU/mL.
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Abderrahmani A, Jacovetti C, Regazzi R. Lessons from neonatal β-cell epigenomic for diabetes prevention and treatment. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:378-389. [PMID: 35382967 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell expansion and functional maturation during the birth-to-weaning period plays an essential role in the adaptation of plasma insulin levels to metabolic needs. These events are driven by epigenetic programs triggered by growth factors, hormones, and nutrients. These mechanisms operating in the neonatal period can be at least in part reactivated in adult life to increase the functional β-cell mass and face conditions of increased insulin demand such as obesity or pregnancy. In this review, we will highlight the importance of studying these signaling pathways and epigenetic programs to understand the causes of different forms of diabetes and to permit the design of novel therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat this metabolic disorder affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Abderrahmani
- Universitéde Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Cécile Jacovetti
- Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Romano Regazzi
- Department of Fundamental Neuroscience, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Science, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Macotela Y, Ruiz-Herrera X, Vázquez-Carrillo DI, Ramírez-Hernandez G, Martínez de la Escalera G, Clapp C. The beneficial metabolic actions of prolactin. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1001703. [PMID: 36213259 PMCID: PMC9539817 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1001703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of prolactin (PRL) favoring metabolic homeostasis is supported by multiple preclinical and clinical studies. PRL levels are key to explaining the direction of its actions. In contrast with the negative outcomes associated with very high (>100 μg/L) and very low (<7 μg/L) PRL levels, moderately high PRL levels, both within but also above the classically considered physiological range are beneficial for metabolism and have been defined as HomeoFIT-PRL. In animal models, HomeoFIT-PRL levels counteract insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, adipose tissue hypertrophy and fatty liver; and in humans associate with reduced prevalence of insulin resistance, fatty liver, glucose intolerance, metabolic syndrome, reduced adipocyte hypertrophy, and protection from type 2 diabetes development. The beneficial actions of PRL can be explained by its positive effects on main metabolic organs including the pancreas, liver, adipose tissue, and hypothalamus. Here, we briefly review work supporting PRL as a promoter of metabolic homeostasis in rodents and humans, the PRL levels associated with metabolic protection, and the proposed mechanisms involved. Finally, we discuss the possibility of using drugs elevating PRL for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Bian N, Sun X, Zhou B, Zhang L, Wang Q, An Y, Li X, Li Y, Liu J, Meng H, Wang G. Obese patients with higher TSH levels had an obvious metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:1326-1336. [PMID: 34524974 PMCID: PMC8558898 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bariatric surgery has become the most effective treatment for morbid obesity. Increasing evidence showed that bariatric surgery can alleviate insulin resistance and influence thyroid function. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in thyroid function and adipose tissue insulin resistance (adipo-IR) after bariatric surgery. METHODS A total of 287 non-diabetic participants with regular thyroid function were recruited and divided into the lean, overweight and obese groups. Among them, 50 morbidly obese patients submitted to bariatric surgery. RESULTS The obese group had a higher level of adipo-IR, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), FT3/free thyroxine (FT4) and metabolism disorders than the lean and overweight groups. BMI was correlated with TSH, FT3, FT3/FT4 and adipo-IR (r = 0.309, 0.315, 0.322 and 0.651, respectively, all P < 0.001). Adipo-IR was significantly correlated with TSH (r = 0.402, P < 0.001), FT3 (r = 0.309, P < 0.001), and FT3/FT4 (r = 0.228, P < 0.05). Bariatric surgery resulted in a sharp decline in BMI, adipo-IR, TSH, FT3 and FT3/FT4 levels, meanwhile, metabolic disorders improved. The decrease in BMI after bariatric surgery was significantly correlated with reductions in adipo-IR (r = 0.577, P < 0.001) and TSH (r = 0.401, P = 0.005). Interestingly, the fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, adipo-IR and TSH in the higher TSH group decreased more remarkably than in the lower TSH group. CONCLUSION Obese individuals with higher TSH levels had an obvious metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Bian
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Biao Zhou
- Departments of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Liu or H Meng or G Wang: or or
| | - Yu An
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Liu or H Meng or G Wang: or or
| | - Yinhui Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Liu or H Meng or G Wang: or or
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Liu or H Meng or G Wang: or or
| | - Hua Meng
- Departments of General Surgery and Obesity and Metabolic Disease Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Liu or H Meng or G Wang: or or
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Liu or H Meng or G Wang: or or
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