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Wu Y, Wu J, Li L, OuYang H, Wu L, Yang C, Yuan X, Hu H, Wang Z. A gel plaster in the form of nipple cover: A comfortable and safe transdermal delivery method for mammary hyperplasia. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124500. [PMID: 39033944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Hyperplasia of mammary glands (HMG) is considered a precancerous condition with a risk of malignant transformation, highlighting the necessity of proactive treatment in the early stages. Transdermal drug delivery offers significant advantages such as painlessness, absence of first-pass effect, and good patient compliance. However, the unique structure of the breast requires transdermal formulations for treating mammary hyperplasia to exhibit higher levels of safety and comfort. We have formulated an ancient topical formula called 'Muxiang Bing,' comprising traditional Chinese medicines Aucklandiae Radix (AR) and Rehmanniae Radix (RR), for the treatment of HMG. This formula has been transformed into a gel paster in the form of nipple cover for trans-nipple-areola delivery. In our investigations, we observed that the optimal formulation of the Muxiang gel plaster demonstrated enhanced permeation facilitated by AR's effect on RR. Furthermore, pre-treatment with the Muxiang gel plaster improved mammary tissue morphology, hormone levels, oxidative stress, aberrant cell proliferation, and damage in rat models, thus preventing and ameliorating mammary hyperplasia. The Muxiang gel plaster exhibited low skin irritability in rats, and long-term use did not cause harm to their internal organs or blood cells, indicating its safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jiaying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Linzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Huifa OuYang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lingjiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xingzhongyan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Zhanguo Wang
- Holistic Integrative Medicine Industry Collaborative Innovation Research Center, Qiang Medicine Standard Research Promotion Base and Collaborative Innovation Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Sichuan-Chengdu, 610106, China.
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2
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Liu YF, An T, Yu H, Fan YY, Pei XH. Xiaozheng pill exerts an anti-mammary hyperplasia effect through Raf/ERK/ELK and HIF-1α/bFGF pathways. J Tradit Complement Med 2023; 13:600-610. [PMID: 38020551 PMCID: PMC10658343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim The purpose of this study is to explore whether the Xiaozheng pill (XZP) has the effect of anti-hyperplasia of mammary glands (HMG) and to identify the related signaling pathways. Experimental procedure We analyzed the effective chemical components of the XZP, as well as the key chemical components, key proteins, main biological processes, and pathways in the treatment of HMG; Secondly, the levels of Estradiol (E2), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Progesterone (P), Raf/ERK/ELK and HIF-1α/bFGF pathways related proteins were detected; Finally, the effect of XZP on metabolites was analyzed by metabolomics. Results and conclusion In this study, we identified key targets and pathways for XZP therapy of HMG, including EGFR, VEGFA, ER, and Ras signaling pathways. Animal experiments show that XZP can reduce the levels of E2, LH, and FSH and increase the expression of P in HMG mice. XZP can restore the normal structure of breast tissue and reduce ERα, ERβ, and PR expression in breast tissue. In addition, metabolomics results show that XZP also regulates HMG metabolites, including HIF-1α and metabolic pathways. The Western blot results showed that XZP intervention can reduce the protein expression of p-Raf1, Raf1, p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2, ELK, HIF-1α, and bFGF in the breast tissue of HMG mice. XZP may eliminate abnormal breast hyperplasia through inhibition of apoptosis and angiogenesis, which may be linked with the regulation of the Raf/ERK/ELK and HIF-1α/bFGF signaling pathways in HMG mice. These results suggest that XZP treatment may be beneficial for the management of HMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-fei Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of General Surgery, Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tian An
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-yi Fan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-hua Pei
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
- Xiamen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Xiamen, China
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3
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Lei Y, Lei X, Zhu A, Xie S, Zhang T, Wang C, Song A, Wang X, Shu G, Deng X. Ethanol Extract of Rosa rugosa Ameliorates Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury via Upregulating Sirt1 and Subsequent Potentiation of LKB1/AMPK/Nrf2 Cascade in Hepatocytes. Molecules 2023; 28:7307. [PMID: 37959727 PMCID: PMC10649261 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury is a common hepatic disease resulting from drug abuse. Few targeted treatments are available clinically nowadays. The flower bud of Rosa rugosa has a wide range of biological activities. However, it is unclear whether it alleviates liver injury caused by APAP. Here, we prepared an ethanol extract of Rosa rugosa (ERS) and analyzed its chemical profile. Furthermore, we revealed that ERS significantly ameliorated APAP-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in AML-12 hepatocytes and dampened APAP-mediated cytotoxicity. In AML-12 cells, ERS elevated Sirt1 expression, boosted the LKB1/AMPK/Nrf2 axis, and thereby crippled APAP-induced intracellular oxidative stress. Both EX527 and NAM, which are chemically unrelated inhibitors of Sirt1, blocked ERS-induced activation of LKB1/AMPK/Nrf2 signaling. The protection of ERS against APAP-triggered toxicity in AML-12 cells was subsequently abolished. As expression of LKB1 was knocked down, ERS still upregulated Sirt1 but failed to activate AMPK/Nrf2 cascade or suppress cytotoxicity provoked by APAP. Results of in vivo experiments showed that ERS attenuated APAP-caused hepatocyte apoptosis and ferroptosis and improved liver injury and inflammation. Consistently, ERS boosted Sirt1 expression, increased phosphorylations of LKB1 and AMPK, and promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation in the livers of APAP-intoxicated mice. Hepatic transcriptions of HO-1 and GCLC, which are downstream antioxidant genes of Nrf2, were also significantly increased in response to ERS. Our results collectively indicated that ERS effectively attenuates APAP-induced liver injury by activating LKB1/AMPK/Nrf2 cascade. Upregulated expression of Sirt1 plays a crucial role in ERS-mediated activation of LKB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yecheng Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.)
| | - Xiao Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.)
| | - Anqi Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.)
| | - Shijie Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.)
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.)
| | - Chuo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.)
| | - Anning Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Guangwen Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.)
| | - Xukun Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.L.)
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Qiao N, Wang Q, Tao Y, Wu J, Fang Y, Ni Y, Ding X. α-Cyperone ameliorates depression in mammary gland hyperplasia and chronic unpredictable mild stress rat by regulating hormone, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023; 45:73-82. [PMID: 36053011 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2115925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperplasia of mammary gland (HMG) is caused by endocrine disorders, and patients are prone to anxiety and depression. α-Cyperone has a variety of pharmacological activities including antidepressant. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect and its possible mechanism of α-Cyperone on HMG-associated depression rats. METHODS The depression model was constructed using chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), while the HMG model was induced by estrogen, with or without α-Cyperone intervention. The effect of α-Cyperone on the depression-like phenotype of model rats was measured by sucrose preference test (SPT), forced swim test (FST), and open field test (OFT). Dendritic spines density in ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) neurons was evaluated by Golgi staining. The second pair of nipple height, diameter, organ index, and oxidative stress-related factors were analyzed. Serum sex hormone concentration, histopathological changes, inflammatory factor expression, and p65 were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, real-time quantitative PCR and western blot, respectively. RESULTS The sucrose preference rate, dendritic spine density decreased, and immobility time increased in CUMS rats; α-Cyperone reversed the effect of CUMS on depression-like behavior and dendritic spine density in rats. α-Cyperone reduced nipple height and diameter, uterine index, estradiol concentration, increased ovary, thymus, spleen index, progesterone, and testosterone concentration, relieved pathological damage, oxidative stress, depression-like behavior, and inflammatory reaction in HMG combine CUMS rats. In addition, α-Cyperone inhibited the phosphorylation of p65 in HMG and CUMS rats. CONCLUSIONS α-Cyperone has an effective therapeutic effect on HMG combined with CUMS rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Qiao
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nantong, P. R. China.,Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, P. R. China.,Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Qinnan Wang
- Department of Science and Education, Nantong Sixth People's Hospital, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Ye Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Jinna Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of TCM Surgery, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Yusheng Ni
- Department of TCM Surgery, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowen Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, P. R. China
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5
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Gao P, Dong J, Wang S, Zhang W, Yang T, Zhang J, Che D. Cool-Warm Temperature Stratification and Simulated Bird Digestion Optimize Removal of Dormancy in Rosa rugosa Seeds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:808206. [PMID: 35111183 PMCID: PMC8801612 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.808206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rosa rugosa Thunb. has been explored multi-function in medicinal, edible, cosmetic, ornamental and ecological etc. However, R. rugosa natural populations have recently declined substantially in China, besides of global climate change, this species also has the defect of limiting the reproduction of itself such as the hard-to-release seed dormancy. In this study, only 30% of R. rugosa seeds were viable, and the others were incompletely developed or diseased seeds. Without stratification, morphologically complete viable seeds imbibed water but those seeds could not germinate even after seed husk removal under suitable condition to exhibit a physiological dormancy. After cold (4°C) and warm (18 ± 2°C) stratification, macromolecular substances containing carbon or nitrogen accumulated, and respiration, antioxidant enzyme activity, and gibberellin (GA3) /abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin (IAA)/ABA ratios increased significantly in seeds. Water absorption also increased as endocarps softened. Thus, physiological dormancy of seed was broken. Although warm and cold stratification increased separation between endocarp and embryo, the endocarp binding force was removed insufficiently, because only 10.20% of seeds germinated. Therefore, stratified seeds were treated with simulated bird digestion. Then, folds and cracks in loosened endocarps increased permeability, and water absorption rate increased to 64.43% compare to 21.14% in cold and warm stratification treatment. With simulated digestion, 24.20% of radicles broke through the endocarp with plumules and cambiums to develop into seedlings. Thus, the seed dormancy type of R. rugosa is physiological as seeds imbibed water and possessed fully developed embryos with a low growth potential in combination with a mechanical constraint from the endocarp. Cold stratification helped remove physiological dormancy, and additional warm stratification accelerated the process. The optimal stratification treatment was 4°C for 45 days followed by 18 ± 2°C for 15 days. After warm and cold stratification, simulated bird digestion broke the mechanical constraint from the seed covering layers. Based on this research, production of R. rugosa seedlings can be greatly increased to help protect the species from further declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Dong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin, China
| | - Sihan Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin, China
- Aerospace Shenzhou Biotechnology Group Corporation Limited, Beijing, China
| | - Wuhua Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin, China
| | - Daidi Che
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cold Region Landscape Plants and Applications, Harbin, China
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6
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Qiao X, Wang B, Yuan Z, Yu F, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Yang Y, Tang J, Jiang Z, Lin L, Zhang L, Du Z, Zhang Y. The polysaccharides from Yiqi Yangyin complex attenuated mammary gland hyperplasia: Integrating underlying biological mechanisms and network pharmacology. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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7
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Luo C, Wang Y, Zou J, Wu J, Meng J, Zhou H, Chen Y. Establishment and comparison of two methods to produce a rat model of mammary gland hyperplasia with hyperprolactinemia. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e18912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jili Zou
- The Third Hospital of Wu-han, China
| | - Jinhu Wu
- The Third Hospital of Wu-han, China
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8
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Liu Y, Wu D, Wang K, Chen H, Xu H, Zong W, Zhang N, Zhao L, Lin Z, Ji T. Dose-Dependent Effects of Royal Jelly on Estrogen- and Progesterone-Induced Mammary Gland Hyperplasia in Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100355. [PMID: 34914178 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Royal jelly (RJ) has a wide range of biological functions, its effect on hyperplasia of the mammary gland (HMG) in mammals is unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of RJ on HMG and the dose-response relationship of RJ in the treatment of HMG. METHODS AND RESULTS HMG rats are induced by intramuscular injection of estrogen (E2) and progesterone, and are treated with different doses of RJ (100, 200, 400, and 800 mg kg-1 d-1 ). As a result, RJ improves the expansion of acinar and breast tissue ducts, particularly at 100 and 800 mg kg-1 d-1 . These two doses also inhibit serum E2 and prolactin (PRL) secretion and increase serum progesterone secretion and the expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-β in the breast tissue. In addition, 800 mg kg-1 d-1 decrease and increase the mRNA expression of, respectively, hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and pituitary GnRH receptors (GnRH-R). The lowest dosage (100 mg kg-1 d-1 ) increases GnRH-R mRNA expression as well. However, the effects of 200 and 400 mg kg-1 d-1 RJ on the reproductive parameters of HMG are not significant, implying a dose-dependent effect. CONCLUSION RJ regulates endocrine dyscrasia in HMG rats and improves the breast tissue structure, indicating its potential in the prevention and treatment on HMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Dequn Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yangzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Kang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Heng Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.,Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Hao Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wencheng Zong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Luan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zheguang Lin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Ting Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
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Nijat D, Lu CF, Lu JJ, Abdulla R, Hasan A, Aidarhan N, Aisa HA. Spectrum-effect relationship between UPLC fingerprints and antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Rosa rugosa. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1179:122843. [PMID: 34218097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of the chemical constituents of Rosa rugosa Thunb. (R. rugosa) was evaluated through analysis of spectrum-effect relationship. The ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) fingerprints of 21 batches of R. rugosa were evaluated by similarity analysis (SA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA). The 28 common components were identified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-orbitrap-HRMS/MS). Meanwhile, the antidiabetic activities and antioxidant activities of 21 batches of R. rugosa were estimated in vitro. Besides, four chemometrics named principal component analysis (PCA), grey correlation analysis (GRA), partial least squares regression (PLSR) and the bivariate correlations analysis (BCA) were applied to construct spectrum-effect relationship between the UPLC fingerprints and biological activities of R. rugosa. The spectrum-effect relationship study revealed that di-O-galloyl-HHDP-glucoside, galloyl-HHDP-glucoside and avicularin were more relevant to antidiabetic activity. Di-O-galloyl-HHDP-glucoside, galloyl-HHDP-glucoside and ellagic acid were the main antioxidant components of R. rugosa. The current bioassay and spectrum-effect relationships are proper for associating sample quality with the active ingredient, and our finding would provide foundation and further understanding of the quality evaluation and quality control of R. rugosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilaram Nijat
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Chun-Fang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
| | - Juan-Juan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
| | - Rahima Abdulla
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
| | - Aobulikasimu Hasan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
| | - Nurbolat Aidarhan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
| | - H A Aisa
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, PR China.
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10
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Meng Z, Li C, Ding G, Cao W, Xu X, Heng Y, Deng Y, Li Y, Zhang X, Li D, Wang W, Wang Y, Xing W, Hou H. Glycomics: Immunoglobulin G N-Glycosylation Associated with Mammary Gland Hyperplasia in Women. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2020; 24:551-558. [PMID: 32833579 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2020.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) is very common, especially among young and middle-aged women. New diagnostics and biomarkers for MGH are needed for rational clinical management and precision medicine. We report, in this study, new findings using a glycomics approach, with a focus on immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a community-based population sample in Beijing, China. A total of 387 participants 40-65 years of age were enrolled in this study, including 194 women with MGH (cases) and 193 women who had no MGH (controls). IgG N-glycans were characterized in the serum by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. The levels of the glycan peaks (GPs) GP2, GP5, GP6, and GP7 were lower in the MGH group compared with the control group, whereas GP14 was significantly higher in the MGH group (p < 0.05). A predictive model using GP5, GP21, and age was established and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed. The sensitivity and specificity of the model for MGH was 61.3% and 63.2%, respectively, likely owing to receptor mechanisms and/or inflammation regulation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting on an association between IgG N-glycosylation and MGH. We suggest person-to-person variations in IgG N-glycans and their combination with multiomics biomarker strategies offer a promising avenue to identify novel diagnostics and individuals at increased risk of MGH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiu Meng
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Cancan Li
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Guoyong Ding
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Weijie Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xizhu Xu
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yuanyuan Heng
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yang Deng
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yuejin Li
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Youxin Wang
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Weijia Xing
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Haifeng Hou
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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11
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Baiyisaiti A, Wang Y, Zhang X, Chen W, Qi R. Rosa rugosa flavonoids exhibited PPARα agonist-like effects on genetic severe hypertriglyceridemia of mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 240:111952. [PMID: 31100436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rosa rugosa Thunb. is a traditional Chinese medicine that was used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and relative risk factors such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and inflammation. Rosa rugosa flavonoids (RRFs) are the main components in Rosa rugosa Thunb. Several studies have demonstrated that RRFs can regulate plasma lipid contents, but the related mechanism of which has not yet been elucidated clearly. AIM OF THE STUDY The goal of this study was to clarify the effects of RRFs on triglyceride metabolism and its related mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS RRFs were obtained by ethanol extraction from Rosa rugosa Thunb.. Transgenic mice expressing human Apolipoprotein C3 (ApoC3) were used as a mouse model of hypertriglyceridemia. Fenofibrate (FNB), a PPARα agonist, was used as a positive control drug of decreasing high triglyceride. FNB (100 mg/kg) or RRFs (300 mg/kg) were given to the mice by gavage daily. Two weeks later, the changes of plasma lipid levels in the mice were measured by commercial kits, the clearance of triglyceride was evaluated by oral fat load test, and expression of the genes related to lipid β-oxidation and synthesis was detected in the mice livers by real time PCR. RESULTS RRFs, as well as FNB, were found to significantly reduce plasma triglyceride (TG) levels in ApoC3 transgenic mice after administration of the drug for two weeks. Plasma lipid clearance rate was increased and lipid content in the mice livers was reduced after administration of RRF. Treatment with RRFs up-regulated mRNA expression of PPARα and its downstream gene of ACOX, while down-regulated mRNA expression of the genes related to fatty acid synthesis (FASN, SREBP-1c, and ACC1). The expression of LPL was raised, while the expression of ApoC3 was decreased, and Foxo1 was inhibited by RRFs in the mice livers. CONCLUSION RRFs can reduce plasma TG levels by repressing the expression of ApoC3 and inducing the expression of LPL in liver. RRFs could also reduce triglyceride in hepatocytes through increasing β-oxidation and decreasing synthesis of the lipids. These findings show the potency of further clinical application of RRFs as a hypolipidemic drug for treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asiya Baiyisaiti
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, 832000, Xinjiang, China; Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, 832000, Xinjiang, China; Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Wen Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, 832000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Rong Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, 832000, Xinjiang, China; Peking University Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Beijing, 100191, China.
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12
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Wei S, Zhou X, Niu M, Zhang H, Liu X, Wang R, Li P, Li H, Cai H, Zhao Y. Network pharmacology exploration reveals the bioactive compounds and molecular mechanisms of Li-Ru-Kang against hyperplasia of mammary gland. Mol Genet Genomics 2019; 294:1159-1171. [PMID: 31053932 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-019-01569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Li-Ru-Kang (LRK) has been commonly used in the treatment of hyperplasia of mammary gland (HMG) as a cipher prescription and achieved obvious therapeutic effects. However, the bioactive compounds and underlying pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to decipher the bioactive compounds and potential action mechanisms of LRK in the treatment of HMG using an integrated pharmacology approach. The ingredients of LRK and the corresponding drug targets were retrieved through drug target databases and were used to construct the "compound-target-disease" network and function-pathway network. Ultimately, 89 compounds and 2150 drug targets were collected. Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that mammary gland alveolus development and mammary gland lobule development were the key biological processes and were regulated simultaneously by three direct targets, including androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER) and cyclin-D1. Moreover, 14 compounds of LRK were directly involved in the regulation of the three aforementioned targets. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis found that five signaling pathways and seven direct targets were closely related with HMG treatment by LRK. The results of animal experiments showed that LRK significantly improved the histopathological status of HMG in rats. Additionally, LRK markedly regulated the protein expressions of AR, cyclin-D1, MMP2, MMP3 and MMP9. But interestingly, the effect of LRK on ER was not obvious. This study demonstrated that LRK exerted its therapeutic efficacy based on multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways. This research confirms the advantages of network pharmacology analyses and the necessity for experimental verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 100 Western 4th Ring Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 100 Western 4th Ring Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Ming Niu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Haizhu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Dali University, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Xiaoyi Liu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Pengyan Li
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 100 Western 4th Ring Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Huadan Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 100 Western 4th Ring Road, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, 100 Western 4th Ring Road, Beijing, 100039, China.
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13
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Mongolian Medicine RuXian-I Treatment of Estrogen-Induced Mammary Gland Hyperplasia in Rats Related to TCTP Regulating Apoptosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:1907263. [PMID: 31015848 PMCID: PMC6444233 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1907263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mongolian medicine RuXian-I is composed of 30 Mongolian herbs, which is a traditional Mongolian recipe for clinical treatment of breast "Qi Su Bu Ri Le Du Sen" disease (hyperplasia of mammary glands, HMG). Based on the previous study, this dissertation further explores the therapeutic mechanism of RuXian-I on estrogen-induced HMG in rats. RuXian-I had no effect on the body weight and food intake of HMG rats and had no toxic effects on the five organs (heart, lung, spleen, and kidney). RuXian-I reduced the diameter and height of nipple, organ index, and pathological changes and alleviated the sex hormone levels oh HMG; RuXian-I reduced the upregulation of TCTP, Mcl-1, and Bcl-xL in breast tissue of mammary gland hyperplasia and increased the downregulation of p53, Bax, caspase-9, and caspase-3 protein. RuXian-I has an effective therapeutic activity on HMG rats, and its possible therapeutic mechanism is closely related to antiapoptosis protein TCTP-regulated apoptosis.
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14
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Wang Y, Wei S, Gao T, Yang Y, Lu X, Zhou X, Li H, Wang T, Qian L, Zhao Y, Zou W. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of a TCM Formula Li-Ru-Kang in Rats With Hyperplasia of Mammary Gland and the Underlying Biological Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1318. [PMID: 30524280 PMCID: PMC6262177 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Li-Ru-Kang (LRK), a formula of eight traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), has been used to treat hyperplasia of mammary gland (HMG) in TCM clinics. However, how LRK works in HMG patients is unclear. To explore the possible mechanisms of LRK against HMG, the network pharmacology was used to screen the potential targets and possible pathways that involved in LRK treated HMG. Rat HMG model induced by estrogen and progesterone was used to further verify the effects of the key molecules of LRK selected from the enriched pathways on HMG. Nipple heights and diameters were measured and uterus index was calculated. The histopathological changes of mammary gland tissue were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and P38. And immunohistochemistry staining was performed to evaluate the levels of estrogen receptor α (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR), nuclear factor-(NF-)κB (p65), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenases 2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 8-hydroxy-2′deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and nitrotyrosine (NT). Our results indicate that LRK treatment rescues significantly nipples height and diameter, decreases uterus index and ameliorates HMG. LRK treatment also markedly attenuates the over-expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS, and suppressed the formation of 8-OHdG and NT. Furthermore, LRK treatment significantly inhibits the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and p38 and expression of NF-κB (p65), interestingly, LRK treatment has no effect on the expression of ERα and PR. Our data suggest that the LRK treatment protects the mammary glands from the damage of oxidative stress and inflammation induced by estrogen and progesterone, via suppresses of MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways without affecting on the expression of ERα and PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxue Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Liqi Qian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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15
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Wei S, Qian L, Niu M, Liu H, Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Zhou X, Li H, Wang R, Li K, Zhao Y. The Modulatory Properties of Li-Ru-Kang Treatment on Hyperplasia of Mammary Glands Using an Integrated Approach. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:651. [PMID: 29971006 PMCID: PMC6018463 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Li-Ru-Kang (LRK) has been used in the treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands (HMG) for several decades and can effectively improve clinical symptoms. This study aims to investigate the mechanism by which LRK intervenes in HMG based on an integrated approach that combines metabolomics and network pharmacology analyses. Methods: The effects of LRK on HMG induced by estrogen-progesterone in rats were evaluated by analyzing the morphological and pathological characteristics of breast tissues. Moreover, UPLC-QTOF/MS was performed to explore specific metabolites potentially affecting the pathological process of HMG and the effects of LRK. Pathway analysis was conducted with a combination of metabolomics and network pharmacology analyses to illustrate the pathways and network of LRK-treated HMG. Results: Li-Ru-Kang significantly improved the morphological and pathological characteristics of breast tissues. Metabolomics analyses showed that the therapeutic effect of LRK was mainly associated with the regulation of 10 metabolites, including prostaglandin E2, phosphatidylcholine, leukotriene B4, and phosphatidylserine. Pathway analysis indicated that the metabolites were related to arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism. Moreover, principal component analysis showed that the metabolites in the model group were clearly classified, whereas the metabolites in the LRK group were between those in the normal and model groups but closer to those in the normal group. This finding indicated that these metabolites may be responsible for the effects of LRK. The therapeutic effect of LRK on HMG was possibly related to the regulation of 10 specific metabolites. In addition, we further verified the expression of protein kinase C alpha (PKCα), a key target predicted by network pharmacology analysis, and showed that LRK could significantly improve the expression of PKCα. Conclusion: Our study successfully explained the modulatory properties of LRK treatment on HMG using metabolomics and network pharmacology analyses. This systematic method can provide methodological support for further understanding the complex mechanism underlying HMG and possible traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) active ingredients for the treatment of HMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Liqi Qian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Niu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Honghong Liu
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxue Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Xuelin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Haotian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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16
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Li X, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Lei X, Xin P, Fu X, Gao N, Sun Y, Wang Y, Yang B, Wang Q, Kuang H. Anti-hyperplasia Effects of Total Saponins From Phytolaccae Radix in Rats With Mammary Gland Hyperplasia via Inhibition of Proliferation and Induction of Apoptosis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:467. [PMID: 29875657 PMCID: PMC5974198 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) is a pathological condition that affects the majority of women at the child-bearing stage. The hormone and endocrinal therapy are typically used to treat MGH. Nevertheless, there are still some certain side effects accompanied with the benefits, which negatively affect the life quality of patients. Therefore, plant-derived agents that are effective against MGH development and with fewer side effects should be developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanism of total saponins of Phytolaccae (TSP) against MGH in vivo. The results showed that treatment with TSP could significantly correct the disorder of serum sex hormones levels in rats with MGH, and eliminate the formation of MGH. Moreover, TSP significantly protected estrogen and progesterone-induced MGH histological changes, inhibited the swelling of the nipple, and improved the organ coefficient of uterus in rats with MGH. Mechanistically, TSP treatment not only effectively suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of ERα and PR in mammary gland, but also simultaneously up-regulated ERβ expression, and thus blocked sex hormones from interacting with their receptors. TSP treatment markedly suppressed mammary phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, as well as reduced the mRNA and protein overexpression of VEGF and bFGF in mammary of rats. In addition, TSP treatment substantially down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2 and Ki-67, as well as elevated the expression of Bax. These findings indicated that TSP could potentially be used for effective treatment of MGH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.,Science of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xia Lei
- Science of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Ping Xin
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yanping Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Bingyou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Science of Processing Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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17
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Screening for the anti-inflammation quality markers of Xiaojin Pills based on HPLC-MS/MS method, COX-2 inhibition test and protein interaction network. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7454. [PMID: 29748583 PMCID: PMC5945850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, breast disorders seriously affect women’s health in an increasing number. In China, Xiaojin Pills are commonly used in the treatment of breast diseases. Doctors have concluded that the combined use of Xiaojin Pills with conventional therapy can significantly improve the efficacy with fewer side effects. However, the prescription of Xiaojin Pills is complicated and their quality control methods cannot completely ensure the quality of Xiaojin Pills. On the basis of its mechanism, our study combined chemical evaluation and biological evaluation to identify the anti-inflammatory markers of Xiaojin Pills. In this manuscript, 13 compounds in Xiaojin Pills were quantified. At the same time, the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition rates of different Xiaojin Pills were measured and the possible markers were screened by spectrum-effect relationship. Further, anti-inflammatory activities of markers were verified and protein interaction network was analyzed, identifying the components of Protocatechuate, Beta-Boswellic acid and Levistilide A as the anti-inflammatory quality markers of Xiaojin Pills. We hope our studies can provide a scientific theoretical basis for accurately quality control of Xiaojin Pills and reasonable suggestions for pharmaceutical companies and new ideas for the quality control of other medicines.
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18
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Efficacy of moxibustion by stimulating acupoints of Danzhong (CV 17) and Ganshu (BL 18) on hyperplasia of mammary gland in rats. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcm.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Li X, Pi Y, Tao D, Qian K. Effects of Deer Antler Base Polypeptide on Hormone-induced Mammary Hyperplasia in Mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.24.531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University
| | - Yuzhen Pi
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University
| | - DongBing Tao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University
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Modulatory Effect of Fermented Papaya Extracts on Mammary Gland Hyperplasia Induced by Estrogen and Progestin in Female Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8235069. [PMID: 29359010 PMCID: PMC5735651 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8235069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Fermented papaya extracts (FPEs) are obtained by fermentation of papaya by Aspergillus oryzae and yeasts. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of FPEs on mammary gland hyperplasia induced by estrogen and progestogen. Rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, including a control group, an FPE-alone group, a model group, and three FPE treatment groups (each receiving 30, 15, or 5 ml/kg FPEs). Severe mammary gland hyperplasia was induced upon estradiol benzoate and progestin administration. FPEs could improve the pathological features of the animal model and reduce estrogen levels in the serum. Analysis of oxidant indices revealed that FPEs could increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the mammary glands and serum of the animal models, and decrease the proportion of cells positive for the oxidative DNA damage marker 8-oxo-dG in the mammary glands. Additionally, estradiol benzoate and progestin altered the levels of serum biochemical compounds such as aspartate transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and alanine transaminase (ALT), as well as hepatic oxidant indices such as SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG). These indices reverted to normal levels upon oral administration of a high dose of FPEs. Taken together, our results indicate that FPEs can protect the mammary glands and other visceral organs from oxidative damage.
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Sun L, Guo DH, Liu F, Liu Q, Jiang N, Sun YF, Cai LP, Zheng HX. A MOUSE MODEL OF MAMMARY HYPERPLASIA INDUCED BY ORAL HORMONE ADMINISTRATION. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2017. [PMID: 28638887 PMCID: PMC5471472 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i4.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Mammary hyperplasia is one of the most common benign breast disorders. Although traditional Chinese medicine has a vast experience in the treatment of mammary hyperplasia, it is not accepted widely due to its unclear mechanism. Methods and Materials: To address the mechanism, we developed a mouse model of mammary hyperplasia. We gave mice estradiol valerate tablets and progesterone capsules sequentially for one month by intragastric administration. Results: Mice treated by this method had a series of pathological changes which are similar to those detected in women with mammary hyperplasia, including ectopic level of estradiol and progesterone in serum, hyperplasia of mammary glands and increased expression of ERα and PR. Conclusion: This model will facilitate the mechanical study of traditional medicine on mammary hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Dong-Hui Guo
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yun-Feng Sun
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Li-Ping Cai
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Hong-Xin Zheng
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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Molecular Targets and Associated Potential Pathways of Danlu Capsules in Hyperplasia of Mammary Glands Based on Systems Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:1930598. [PMID: 28620417 PMCID: PMC5460382 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1930598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hyperplasia of mammary glands (HMG) is common in middle-aged women. Danlu capsules (DLCs) can effectively relieve pain and improve clinical symptoms and are safe for treating HMG. However, the active substances in DLCs and the molecular mechanisms of DLCs in HMG remain unclear. This study identified the bioactive compounds and delineated the molecular targets and potential pathways of DLCs by using a systems pharmacology approach. The candidate compounds were retrieved from the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology (TCMSP) database and analysis platform. Each candidate's druggability was analyzed according to its oral bioavailability and drug-likeness indices. The candidate proteins and genes were extracted in the TCMSP and UniProt Knowledgebase, respectively. The potential pathways associated with the genes were identified by performing gene enrichment analysis with DAVID Bioinformatics Resources 6.7. A total of 603 compounds were obtained from DLCs, and 39 compounds and 66 targets associated with HMG were obtained. Gene enrichment analysis yielded 10 significant pathways with 34 targets. The integrated HMG pathway revealed that DLCs probably act in patients with HMG through multiple mechanisms of anti-inflammation, analgesic effects, and hormonal regulation. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of DLCs in HMG, from the molecular level to the pathway level.
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Li X, Xin P, Wang C, Wang Z, Wang Q, Kuang H. Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Mammary Gland Hyperplasia. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:443-458. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mammary gland hyperplasia (MGH) occurs with high frequency among middle-aged women and is closely related to breast cancer. The treatment of this disease has become a research hotspot. Many patients with MGH are worried about the potential side effects of the synthetic drugs they are on. Thus, they seek alternative therapy, such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In recent years, along with the Chinese herbs and its active ingredients, TCM compounds have been widely accepted and implemented in the treatment of MGH, whose mechanism hitherto is not completely clear. In this paper, we elaborate the mechanism of TCM in the treatment of MGH from the perspectives of sexual hormone levels, the expression of ER and PR, hemorheology, free radical activity and lipid peroxidation, VEGF and BFGF, cell proliferation activities, anti-apoptosis gene BcL-2, promoting apoptosis gene Bax, ERK, and tumor suppressor gene. In conclusion, TCM appears to be promising for MGH treatment. This paper will provide an overview of the mechanism of TCM in the treatment of MGH. In the near term, a better understanding of TCM will be achieved through comprehensive studies of its molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Ping Xin
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Changfu Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, P.R. China
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The genus Rosa and arthritis: Overview on pharmacological perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2016; 114:219-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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