1
|
YAMATE J. Stem cell pathology: histogenesis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma and characterization of myofibroblasts appearing in fibrotic lesions. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:895-906. [PMID: 37460298 PMCID: PMC10539815 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of "stem cell pathology" is to establish the role of the stem cells by exploring their contribution to lesion development. The somatic stem cells are present in the body. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH; recently named "undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma") includes pluripotential undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells as a cell element. An antibody (A3) generated by using rat MFH cells as the antigen labels somatic stem cells such as bone marrow stem cells and immature endothelial cells and pericytes, as well as immature epithelial cells in epithelialization. By using A3 and other antibodies recognizing somatic stem cells, it is considered that myofibroblasts appearing in rat fibrotic lesions are developed partly from immature hepatic stellate cells in hepatic fibrosis, immature pancreatic stellate cells in pancreatic fibrosis, pericytes/endothelial cells in neovascularization in injured tissues, as well as via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These progenitors may be in the stem cell lineage. In this review, the author introduces the histogenesis of MFH and the characteristics of myofibroblasts appearing in fibrosis, based mainly on the author's studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoji YAMATE
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin CH, Liu WS, Wan C, Wang HH. Pentraxin 3 mediates early inflammatory response and EMT process in human tubule epithelial cells induced by PM2.5. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109258. [PMID: 36179417 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a multifunctional molecule that mainly expressed in response to proinflammatory stimuli under physiological and pathological conditions. It is produced in tubule epithelial cells that is involved in the innate immune response and inflammatory reactions in the kidney. However, its role in fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-induced renal injury associated with inflammation remains to be investigated. As a result of PM2.5 exposure, the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were increased in HK-2 cells. Notably, the mesenchymal phenotypes with migratory abilities of HK-2 cells were found following PM2.5 exposure. The elevated expressions of PTX3 mRNA and protein in response to PM2.5 were tested by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively. Further determinate the role of PTX3 by siRNA showed lack of PTX3 could increase IL-6 production and promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, as evidenced by decreased expressions of E-cadherin, and increased expressions of N-cadherin and α-SMA in HK-2 cells following PM2.5 exposure. Our study indicates that PTX3 mediates early inflammatory response and EMT in PM2.5-exposed HK-2 cells, suggesting a counter-regulatory role of PTX3 in the early course of tubule cell injury induced by PM2.5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hung Lin
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Sheng Liu
- College of Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxing Branch, Taiwan
| | - Chuan Wan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxing Branch, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hui Wang
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hashimoto A, Karim MR, Kuramochi M, Izawa T, Kuwamura M, Yamate J. Characterization of Macrophages and Myofibroblasts Appearing in Dibutyltin Dichloride-Induced Rat Pancreatic Fibrosis. Toxicol Pathol 2020; 48:509-523. [PMID: 31896309 DOI: 10.1177/0192623319893310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages and myofibroblasts are important in fibrogenesis. The cellular characteristics in pancreatic fibrosis remain to be investigated. Pancreatic fibrosis was induced in F344 rats by a single intravenous injection of dibutyltin dichloride. Histopathologically, the induced pancreatic fibrosis was divided into 3 grades (1+, 2+, and 3+), based on collagen deposition. Immunohistochemically, CD68-expressing M1 macrophages increased with grade and CD163-expressing M2 macrophages also increased later than M1 macrophage appearance. Double immunofluorescence showed that there were macrophages coexpressing CD68 and CD163, suggesting a possible shift from M1 to M2 types; similarly, increased major histocompatibility complex class II- and CD204-expressing macrophages were polarized toward M1 and M2 types, respectively. These findings indicated the participation of M1- and M2-polarized macrophages. Mesenchymal cells staining positive for vimentin, desmin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) increased with grade. There were mesenchymal cells coexpressing vimentin/α-SMA, desmin/α-SMA, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)/α-SMA; Thy-1-expressing immature mesenchymal cells also increased in fibrotic lesions. Because α-SMA expression is a reliable marker for myofibroblasts, α-SMA-expressing pancreatic myofibroblasts might be originated from GFAP-expressing pancreatic stellate cells or Thy-1-expressing immature mesenchymal cells; the myofibroblasts could simultaneously express cytoskeletal proteins such as vimentin and desmin. The present findings would provide useful information for analyses based on features of macrophages and myofibroblasts in chemically induced pancreatic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ai Hashimoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mohammad Rabiul Karim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kuramochi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Izawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano City, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kutlu T, Alcigir G. Comparison of renal lesions in cats and dogs using pathomorphological and ımmunohistochemical methods. Biotech Histochem 2018; 94:126-133. [PMID: 30328730 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2018.1522670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the pathogenesis of chronic renal fibrosis in cats and dogs using immunohistochemistry. We used the avidin-biotin complex peroxidase (ABC-P) method with antibodies against transforming growth factor-β1, cytokeratin, E-cadherin, S100A4, alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin and nestin to determine whether tubule epithelial cells had undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) that resulted in loss of epithelial cells and an increased number of mesenchymal cells. Although nephrosis was more common in dogs, nephritis was more common in cats; these pathologies developed in both kidneys. We found that EMT participated in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis in both dogs and cats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuncer Kutlu
- a Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology , Hatay Mustafa Kemal University , Hatay , Turkey
| | - Gunay Alcigir
- b Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Golbar HM, Izawa T, Bondoc A, Wijesundera KK, Tennakoon AH, Kuwamura M, Yamate J. Attenuation of alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced biliary fibrosis by depletion of hepatic macrophages in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 69:221-230. [PMID: 28159300 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biliary fibrosis is a complex process in which macrophages and myofibroblasts may play central roles. We investigated biliary fibrosis lesions induced in the Glisson's sheath in rats by alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) administration under macrophage depletion. Hepatic macrophages were depleted in F344 rats with liposome-encapsulated clodronate (CLD) (10mL/kg body weight, i.v) followed by bile duct injury with ANIT (75mg/kg body weight, i.p) (ANIT+CLD group). Rats received empty-liposomes (Lipo) followed by ANIT, and served as control (ANIT+Lipo group). In both ANIT+Lipo and ANIT+CLD groups, ANIT-induced bile duct injury with inflammatory cell infiltration was seen on days 1-3, and subsequently reparative fibrosis occurred on days 5 and 7. In comparisons between the two groups, macrophages reacting to CD68, CD163, MHC class II and CD204 were less in numbers in ANIT+CLD group; the most sensitive immunophenotype was of CD163-positive. Furthermore, in ANIT+CLD group interstitial mesenchymal cells/myofibroblasts reacting to vimentin, desmin and α-smooth muscle actin were also less in grades and tended to be delayed in appearance. Interestingly, MCP-1, IFN-γ, IL-10, and TGF-β1 mRNAs were significantly increased mainly on day 2 in ANIT+Lipo group, while the levels of these factors were prominently lower in ANIT+CLD group. Collectively, depletion of hepatic macrophages plays roles in attenuating biliary fibrogenesis by production of inflammatory factors. The present results indicated clearly importance of macrophage functions in the pathogenesis of biliary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossain M Golbar
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano City, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Motihar, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Takeshi Izawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano City, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Alexandra Bondoc
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano City, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Kavindra K Wijesundera
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, 20200, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano City, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano City, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pathogenesis of Type 2 Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Renal and Hepatic Fibrosis. J Clin Med 2015; 5:jcm5010004. [PMID: 26729181 PMCID: PMC4730129 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), particularly, type 2 EMT, is important in progressive renal and hepatic fibrosis. In this process, incompletely regenerated renal epithelia lose their epithelial characteristics and gain migratory mesenchymal qualities as myofibroblasts. In hepatic fibrosis (importantly, cirrhosis), the process also occurs in injured hepatocytes and hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs), as well as ductular reaction-related bile epithelia. Interestingly, the ductular reaction contributes partly to hepatocarcinogenesis of HPCs, and further, regenerating cholangiocytes after injury may be derived from hepatic stellate cells via mesenchymal to epithelia transition, a reverse phenomenon of type 2 EMT. Possible pathogenesis of type 2 EMT and its differences between renal and hepatic fibrosis are reviewed based on our experimental data.
Collapse
|
7
|
Suzuki Y, Yamaguchi I, Myojo K, Kimoto N, Imaizumi M, Takada C, Sanada H, Takaba K, Yamate J. Histopathological characterization of renal tubular and interstitial changes in 5/6 nephrectomized marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 67:41-51. [PMID: 25446802 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) have become a useful animal model, particularly for development of biopharmaceuticals. While various renal failure models have been established in rodents, there is currently no acceptable model in marmosets. We analyzed the damaged renal tubules and tubulointerstitial changes (inflammation and fibrosis) of 5/6 nephrectomized (Nx) common marmosets by histopathological/immunohistochemical methods, and compared these findings to those in 5/6 Nx SD rats. In Nx marmosets and rats sacrificed at 5 and 13 weeks after Nx, variously dilated and atrophied renal tubules were seen in the cortex in common; however, the epithelial proliferating activity was much less in Nx marmosets. Furthermore, the degrees of inflammation and fibrosis seen in the affected cortex were more severe and massive in Nx marmosets with time-dependent increase. Interestingly, inflammation in Nx marmosets, of which degree was less in Nx rats, consisted of a large number of CD3-positive T cells and CD20-positive B cells (occasionally forming follicles), and a few CD68-positive macrophages. Based on these findings, lymphocytes might contribute to the progressive renal lesions in Nx marmosets. Fibrotic areas in Nx marmosets comprised myofibroblasts expressing vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), whereas along with vimentin and α-SMA expressions, desmin was expressed in myofibroblasts in Nx rats. This study shows that there are some differences in renal lesions induced by Nx between marmosets and rats, which would provide useful, base-line information for pharmacology and toxicology studies using Nx marmosets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yui Suzuki
- Translational Research Unit, Research and Development Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Co., Ltd., Japan; Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan.
| | - Itaru Yamaguchi
- Translational Research Unit, Research and Development Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Kensuke Myojo
- Translational Research Unit, Research and Development Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Naoya Kimoto
- Research Functions Unit, Research and Development Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Minami Imaizumi
- Translational Research Unit, Research and Development Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Chie Takada
- Translational Research Unit, Research and Development Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Hiroko Sanada
- Research Functions Unit, Research and Development Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Katsumi Takaba
- Translational Research Unit, Research and Development Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Co., Ltd., Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kashiwagi E, Tonomura Y, Kondo C, Masuno K, Fujisawa K, Tsuchiya N, Matsushima S, Torii M, Takasu N, Izawa T, Kuwamura M, Yamate J. Involvement of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and osteopontin in renal tubular regeneration and interstitial fibrosis after cisplatin-induced renal failure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 66:301-11. [PMID: 24912749 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The kidney has a capacity to recover from ischemic or toxic insults that result in cell death, and timely tissue repair of affected renal tubules may arrest progression of injury, leading to regression of injury and paving the way for recovery. To investigate the roles of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL/lcn2) and osteopontin (OPN/spp1) during renal regeneration, the expression patterns of NGAL and OPN in the cisplatin-induced rat renal failure model were examined. NGAL expression was increased from day 1 after injection; it was seen mainly in the completely regenerating proximal tubules of the cortico-medullary junction on days 3-35; however, the expression was not seen in abnormally dilated or atrophied renal tubules surrounded by fibrotic lesions. On the other hand, OPN expression was increased from day 5 and the increased expression developed exclusively in the abnormal renal tubules. NGAL expression level well correlated with the proliferating activity in the regenerating renal epithelial cells, whereas OPN significantly correlated with the α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblast appearance, expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and the number of CD68-positive macrophages. Interestingly, rat renal epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) treated with TGF-β1 decreased NGAL expression, but increased OPN expression in a dose-dependent manner. Because increases of TGF-β1, myofibroblasts and macrophages contribute to progressive interstitial renal fibrosis, OPN may be involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis; on the contrary, NGAL may play a role in tubular regeneration after injury. Expression analysis of NGAL and OPN would be useful to investigate the tubule damage in renal-toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Kashiwagi
- Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan; Laboratories of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tonomura
- Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kondo
- Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Koichi Masuno
- Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Kae Fujisawa
- Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Noriko Tsuchiya
- Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Shuuichi Matsushima
- Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Mikinori Torii
- Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Nobuo Takasu
- Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takeshi Izawa
- Laboratories of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratories of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratories of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano-shi, Osaka 598-8531, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yuasa T, Yano R, Izawa T, Kuwamura M, Yamate J. Calponin expression in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced in rats by Cisplatin. J Toxicol Pathol 2014; 27:97-103. [PMID: 24791074 PMCID: PMC4000080 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2013-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the common feature of chronic renal failure, regardless of its etiology. Myofibroblasts play important roles in progression of the fibrosis and are characterized by expressions of various cytoskeletons such as vimentin, desmin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). To pursue the characteristics of the cells, we immunohistochemically investigated the relationship between calponin (a marker of terminal smooth muscles) expression and myofibroblasts in cisplatin-induced rat renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Calponin-expressing interstitial cells increased with fibrosis and reacted simultaneously to vimentin or α-SMA (a marker of well-differentiated myofibroblasts) but not desmin or Thy-1 (a marker of myofibroblasts at the early stage). The present study shows that calponin may be expressed transiently in relatively well-developed myofibroblasts in rat renal fibrosis. Calponin could become a marker for myofibroblast development in chronic renal toxicity in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yuasa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Ryo Yano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Takeshi Izawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Rinkuu Ourai Kita 1-58, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yuasa T, Juniantito V, Ichikawa C, Yano R, Izawa T, Kuwamura M, Yamate J. Thy-1 expression, a possible marker of early myofibroblast development, in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced in rats by cisplatin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:651-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
11
|
Suzuki Y, Yamaguchi I, Onoda N, Saito T, Myojo K, Imaizumi M, Takada C, Kimoto N, Takaba K, Yamate J. Differential renal glomerular changes induced by 5/6 nephrectomization between common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus) and rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:667-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
12
|
Park JS, Jo CH, Kim S, Kim GH. Acute and chronic effects of dietary sodium restriction on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in cisplatin-treated rats. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 28:592-602. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
|
13
|
Golbar HM, Izawa T, Yano R, Ichikawa C, Sawamoto O, Kuwamura M, LaMarre J, Yamate J. Immunohistochemical Characterization of Macrophages and Myofibroblasts in α-Naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)–Induced Bile Duct Injury and Subsequent Fibrogenesis in Rats. Toxicol Pathol 2011; 39:795-808. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623311413790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate pathogenesis of post–bile duct (BD) injury fibrosis, interlobular BD epithelial injury was induced in male F344 rats by a single IP injection of α-naphthylisothiocyanate (75 mg/kg body weight) and rats were observed for 12 days. On days 1 to 2, cholangiocytes were injured and desquamated. On days 3 to 5, the affected BD began to regenerate, showing positive staining for CK19 and vimentin. On days 5 to 9, fibrotic areas gradually developed around regenerating BD in Glisson’s sheath. These consisted of cells positive for vimentin, desmin, and α-SMA; vimentin- and desmin-positive cells were increased in early stage (days 1–3), whereas α-SMA-positive cells appeared in mid (days 4–7) and late stages (days 8–12), although there were cells coexpressing these cytoskeletons. On day 12, BD regeneration almost completed, with reduced fibrosis. Macrophages positive for ED2 (CD163) increased transiently in early stage, whereas those reacting to ED1 (CD68), OX6 (MHC II), and SRA-E5 (CD204) showed a consistent increase throughout the experiment. Interestingly, OX6-positive cells were limited to Glisson’s sheath, whereas SRA-E5-positive cells were seen exclusively along sinusoids of hepatic lobules. MCP-1 mRNA increased significantly in early stage. This study shows that macrophages exhibiting different immunophenotypes and distributions participate in post-BD injury fibrosis associated with myofibroblasts expressing various mesenchymal cytoskeletons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossain M. Golbar
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Izawa
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Yano
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chisa Ichikawa
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Osamu Sawamoto
- Safety Evaluation, Preclinical Assessment, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jonathan LaMarre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yuasa T, Izawa T, Kuwamura M, Yamate J. Thy-1 Expressing Mesenchymal Cells in Rat Nephrogenesis in Correlation with Cells Immunoreactive for α-Smooth Muscle Actin and Vimentin. J Toxicol Pathol 2010; 23:1-10. [PMID: 22272005 PMCID: PMC3234650 DOI: 10.1293/tox.23.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Accepted: 09/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thy-1 expression may influence myofibroblast development. Through the
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), injured renal epithelial cells undergo
regression to the metanephric mesenchymal phenotype and then acquire a
myofibroblastic nature (expressing α-smooth muscle actin; α-SMA). Because the
metanephric blastema differentiates into mesenchymal and renal epithelial cells,
we investigated Thy-1 immunoexpression during nephrogenesis in F344 rats in
correlation with vimentin and α-SMA expressions. Kidney samples were obtained
from fetuses on gestation days 18 and 21, neonates on days 1-18 and adults at 6
weeks of age. Mesangial cells in S-shaped bodies and immature and mature
glomeruli continuously expressed both Thy-1 and α-SMA during early nephrogenesis
(fetuses and neonates on days 1-9). During early nephrogenesis, loosely-arranged
blastemal cell-derived mesenchymal cells in the cortex and medulla also
exhibited Thy-1 and α-SMA, although the α-SMA expression was weaker than that of
Thy-1. Vimentin expression coincided with that of Thy-1. These findings indicate
that the derivation of α-SMA-expressing myofibroblastic cells may be related to
mesangial or blastemal cells expressing both Thy-1 and α-SMA. Interestingly,
there was a difference in Thy-1 expression between cortical and medullary
tubulointerstitial cells from late nephrogenesis (neonates on days 12-18) and
those from adults in that the cortical cells reacted faintly or negatively to
Thy-1, whereas the medullary cells reacted strongly to Thy-1; additionally,
bundle-arranged mesenchymal cells that were only observed in the neonates on
days 1-12 reacted strongly to α-SMA, but faintly to Thy-1. Blastemal
cell-derived mesenchymal cells seem to alter the immunoexpressions of Thy-1 and
α-SMA, depending on the conditions which they develop. Thy-1 immunoexpression
would be useful for investigation of reverse embryogenesis, which might occur in
fibrotic kidneys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yuasa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Orai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Golbar H, Izawa T, Kuwamura M, Ito S, Yamate J. Uterine adenocarcinoma with prominent desmoplasia in a geriatric miniature pig. J Vet Med Sci 2009; 72:253-6. [PMID: 19942805 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.09-0372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 10-year-old miniature sow was died, showing inappetence and weight loss. Grossly, neoplastic enlargement of the uterus was found. Histopathologically, the lesions consisted of acinar, ductular and cystic proliferations of mono- and multilayered epithelial cells; these cells reacted immunohistochemically strongly with three different cytokeratin antibodies, and occasionally to vimentin. Myofibroblastic desmoplastic cells, positive to alpha-smooth muscle actin, were present among neoplastic cells. Metastatic lesions were seen in the lungs and liver. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of uterine adenocarcinoma with marked desmoplasia was made. This case is the second report of uterine adenocarcinoma in the miniature pig.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossain Golbar
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku Ourai Kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Elberg G, Guruswamy S, Logan CJ, Chen L, Turman MA. Plasticity of epithelial cells derived from human normal and ADPKD kidneys in primary cultures. Cell Tissue Res 2007; 331:495-508. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-007-0521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 09/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
17
|
Aresu L, Rastaldi MP, Scanziani E, Baily J, Radaelli E, Pregel P, Valenza F. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular cells in canine glomerulonephritis. Virchows Arch 2007; 451:937-42. [PMID: 17701211 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-007-0482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2007] [Revised: 07/11/2007] [Accepted: 07/19/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Tubulo-interstitial fibrosis in dogs may result from primary injury to the interstitium or develop secondary to other renal diseases. As in human renal pathology, tubular epithelial cells (TEC) are believed to actively participate in the mechanisms of renal fibrosis. In this study, we examined the changes in the tubular epithelial component in two specific canine diseases. Immunohistochemistry showed the expression of the epithelial marker cytokeratin, the smooth muscle marker alpha-SMA, the mesenchymal marker vimentin and PCNA in 20 dogs with membranous glomerulonephritis and membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis. Results showed that the loss of the epithelial marker in TEC was directly correlated to the grade of tubulo-interstitial disease present and independent of the type of glomerulonephritis. Varying degrees of vimentin positivity were detected in tubular epithelium in areas of inflammation, and low numbers of scattered alpha-SMA-positive cells were also observed. Immunohistochemistry showed that epithelial tubular cells lose their cytokeratin staining characteristics and transdifferentiate into cells exhibiting key mesenchymal immunophenotypic feature of vimentin-positive staining in both diseases investigated. The integrity of the tubular basement membrane is likely to be fundamental in maintaining the epithelial phenotype of TEC. Animal models provide opportunities for investigating the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Aresu
- Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Università degli Studi di Torino, via L. Da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yamate J. Heterogeneity of Macrophage Populations and Myofibroblasts Appearing in Rat Renal Interstitial Fibrosis. J Toxicol Pathol 2007. [DOI: 10.1293/tox.20.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wahab NA, Mason RM. A Critical Look at Growth Factors and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in the Adult Kidney. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 104:e129-34. [PMID: 16902316 DOI: 10.1159/000094963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the adult kidney, the cellular phenotypes are maintained by a strict balance of growth factors. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a program whereby injured epithelial cells that function as ion and fluid transporters become matrix remodelling mesenchymal cells. This process requires either transcriptional repression of genes that maintain the epithelial phenotype and transcriptional activation, or relieved repression of genes needed for functional myofibroblasts. The transcriptional regulators are controlled by several integrated signalling pathways which are triggered by growth factors. Emerging evidence indicates that the growth factors TGFbeta/CTGF and BMP-7/HGF are the main determinants that maintain the two cellular phenotypes. Both TGFbeta and BMP-7 counteract the activity of each other by cross-inducing their respective inhibitory Smads. Both growth factors may also induce the expression of other factors that can change the cellular environment and enhance their function. Chronic kidney diseases (regardless of the aetiology of the disease) are associated with increased TGFbeta and CTGF expression levels which, in turn, have an inverse effect on the activity level of BMP-7 and HGF, leading to an EMT of injured tubular epithelial cells and a progression of the disease. A detailed understanding of the complex interrelationship between these growth factors may lead to the development of novel drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia A Wahab
- Renal Section, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|