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Ayalasomayajula Y, Hesaraghatta A, Dantuluri N, Yassine J, Saleem F, Mansour H, Chayawatto C, Rangarajan N, Rangarajan S, Krishnan S, Panguluri SK. Influence of age and sex on physical, cardiac electrical and functional alterations in progressive hyperoxia treatment: A time course study in a murine model. Exp Gerontol 2024; 191:112435. [PMID: 38636569 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen supplementation is a widely used treatment for ICU patients. However, it can lead to hyperoxia, which in turn can result in oxidative stress, cardiac remodeling, and even mortality. This paper expands upon previous research conducted by our lab to establish time-dependent cardiac changes under hyperoxia. In this study, both young and aged mice (male and female) underwent 72 h of hyperoxia exposure and were monitored at 24-hour intervals for cardiac electrophysiological and functional parameters using ECG and electrocardiogram data. Our analysis showed that young male mice experienced significant weight loss as well as significant lung edema by 48 h. Although young male mice were highly susceptible to physical changes, they were resistant to early cardiac functional and electrophysiological changes compared to the other groups. Both young and aged female and aged males developed functional impairments by 24 h of hyperoxia exposure. Furthermore, sex and age differences were noted in the onset of electrophysiological changes. While some groups could resist early cardiac remodeling, our data suggests that 72 h of hyperoxia exposure is sufficient to induce significant cardiac remodeling across all age and sex groups. Our data establishes that time-dependent cardiac changes due to oxygen supplementation can have devastating consequences even with short exposure periods. These findings can aid in developing clinical practices for individuals admitted to the ICU by elucidating the impact of aging, sex, and length of stay under mechanical ventilation to limit hyperoxia-induced cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashwant Ayalasomayajula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Anagha Hesaraghatta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Neha Dantuluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jenna Yassine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Faizan Saleem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Hussein Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Chayapatou Chayawatto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Nishank Rangarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sashank Rangarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Smrithi Krishnan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Siva Kumar Panguluri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA; Cell Biology, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Goodman CV, Green R, DaCosta A, Flora D, Lanphear B, Till C. Sex difference of pre- and post-natal exposure to six developmental neurotoxicants on intellectual abilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies. Environ Health 2023; 22:80. [PMID: 37978510 PMCID: PMC10655280 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-01029-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life exposure to lead, mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybromide diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), and phthalates have been associated with lowered IQ in children. In some studies, these neurotoxicants impact males and females differently. We aimed to examine the sex-specific effects of exposure to developmental neurotoxicants on intelligence (IQ) in a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHOD We screened abstracts published in PsychINFO and PubMed before December 31st, 2021, for empirical studies of six neurotoxicants (lead, mercury, PCBs, PBDEs, OPPs, and phthalates) that (1) used an individualized biomarker; (2) measured exposure during the prenatal period or before age six; and (3) provided effect estimates on general, nonverbal, and/or verbal IQ by sex. We assessed each study for risk of bias and evaluated the certainty of the evidence using Navigation Guide. We performed separate random effect meta-analyses by sex and timing of exposure with subgroup analyses by neurotoxicant. RESULTS Fifty-one studies were included in the systematic review and 20 in the meta-analysis. Prenatal exposure to developmental neurotoxicants was associated with decreased general and nonverbal IQ in males, especially for lead. No significant effects were found for verbal IQ, or postnatal lead exposure and general IQ. Due to the limited number of studies, we were unable to analyze postnatal effects of any of the other neurotoxicants. CONCLUSION During fetal development, males may be more vulnerable than females to general and nonverbal intellectual deficits from neurotoxic exposures, especially from lead. More research is needed to examine the nuanced sex-specific effects found for postnatal exposure to toxic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly V Goodman
- Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada.
| | - Rivka Green
- Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada
| | - Allya DaCosta
- Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada
| | - David Flora
- Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada
| | - Bruce Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Christine Till
- Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, ON, Canada
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Xu R, Kiarie EG, Yiannikouris A, Sun L, Karrow NA. Nutritional impact of mycotoxins in food animal production and strategies for mitigation. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:69. [PMID: 35672806 PMCID: PMC9175326 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00714-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that are commonly detected as natural contaminants in agricultural commodities worldwide. Mycotoxin exposure can lead to mycotoxicosis in both animals and humans when found in animal feeds and food products, and at lower concentrations can affect animal performance by disrupting nutrient digestion, absorption, metabolism, and animal physiology. Thus, mycotoxin contamination of animal feeds represents a significant issue to the livestock industry and is a health threat to food animals. Since prevention of mycotoxin formation is difficult to undertake to avoid contamination, mitigation strategies are needed. This review explores how the mycotoxins aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonisins and ochratoxin A impose nutritional and metabolic effects on food animals and summarizes mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of mycotoxicity.
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Gabás‐Rivera C, Jurado‐Ruiz E, Sánchez‐Ortiz A, Romanos E, Martínez‐Beamonte R, Navarro MA, Surra JC, Arnal C, Rodríguez‐Yoldi MJ, Andrés‐Lacueva C, Osada J. Dietary Squalene Induces CytochromesCyp2b10andCyp2c55Independently of Sex, Dose, and Diet in Several Mouse Models. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000354. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Gabás‐Rivera
- Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | | | | | - Eduardo Romanos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50009 Spain
| | - Roberto Martínez‐Beamonte
- Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - María A. Navarro
- Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Joaquín C. Surra
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Departamento de Producción Animal Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Escuela Politécnica Superior de Huesca Huesca 22071 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Carmen Arnal
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Departamento de Patología Animal Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - María J. Rodríguez‐Yoldi
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología y Fisiología Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Cristina Andrés‐Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory Department of Nutrition Food Sciences and Gastronomy Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences University of Barcelona Barcelona 08028 Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
| | - Jesús Osada
- Departamento Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón CITA‐Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza 50013 Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid 28029 Spain
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Role of Gender in Regulation of Redox Homeostasis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8050135. [PMID: 31100969 PMCID: PMC6562572 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is one of the diseases with a well-established gender dimorphism. The prevalence of PAH is increased in females with a ratio of 4:1, while poor survival prognosis is associated with the male gender. Nevertheless, the specific contribution of gender in disease development and progression is unclear due to the complex nature of the PAH. Oxidative and nitrosative stresses are important contributors in PAH pathogenesis; however, the role of gender in redox homeostasis has been understudied. This review is aimed to overview the possible sex-specific mechanisms responsible for the regulation of the balance between oxidants and antioxidants in relation to PAH pathobiology.
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Morris-Schaffer K, Sobolewski M, Allen JL, Marvin E, Yee M, Arora M, O'Reilly MA, Cory-Slechta DA. Effect of neonatal hyperoxia followed by concentrated ambient ultrafine particle exposure on cumulative learning in C57Bl/6J mice. Neurotoxicology 2018; 67:234-244. [PMID: 29920326 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hyperoxia during treatment for prematurity may enhance susceptibility to other risk factors for adverse brain development, such as air pollution exposure, as both of these risk factors have been linked to a variety of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. This study investigated the combined effects of neonatal hyperoxia followed by inhalation of concentrated ambient ultrafine particles (CAPS, <100 nm in aerodynamic diameter) on learning. C57BL/6 J mice were birthed into 60% oxygen until postnatal day (PND) 4 and subsequently exposed to filtered air or to CAPS using the Harvard University Concentrated Ambient Particle System (HUCAPS) from PND 4-7 and 10-13. Behavior was assessed on a fixed interval (FI) schedule of reinforcement in which reward is available only after a fixed interval of time elapses, as well as expected reductions in behavior during an extinction procedure when reward was withheld. Both produce highly comparable behavioral performance across species. Performance measures included rate of responding, response accuracy, and temporal control (quarter life). Exposure to hyperoxia or CAPS resulted in lower mean quarter life values, an effect that was further enhanced in males by combined exposure, findings consistent with delayed learning of the FI schedule. Females also initially exhibited greater reductions in quarter life values following the combined exposure to hyperoxia and CAPS and delayed reductions in response rates during extinction. Combined hyperoxia and CAPS produced greater learning deficits than either risk factor alone, consistent with enhanced neurodevelopmental toxicity, findings that could reflect a convergence of both insults on common neurobiological systems. The basis for sex differences in outcome warrants further research. This study highlights the potential for heightened risk of adverse neurodevelopment outcomes in individuals born preterm in regions with higher levels of ultrafine particle (UFP) air pollution, in accord with the multiplicity of risk factors extant in the human environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Morris-Schaffer
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642, United States
| | - Marissa Sobolewski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642, United States
| | - Joshua L Allen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642, United States
| | - Elena Marvin
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642, United States
| | - Min Yee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, 14642, United States
| | - Manish Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Michael A O'Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, 14642, United States
| | - Deborah A Cory-Slechta
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY 14642, United States.
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Šafranko ŽM, Balog T, Musa M, Bujak IT, Sobočanec S. The effect of 17β-estradiol on sex-dimorphic cytochrome P450 expression patterns induced by hyperoxia in the liver of male CBA/H mice. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 421:183-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2802-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sex-specific differences in hyperoxic lung injury in mice: role of cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A. Toxicology 2015; 331:14-23. [PMID: 25703676 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Sex-specific differences in pulmonary morbidity in adults and preterm infants are well documented. Hyperoxia contributes to lung injury in experimental animals and humans. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A enzymes have been shown to play a mechanistic role in hyperoxic lung injury (HLI) in animal models. Whether CYP1A enzymes contribute to gender-specific differences in relation to HLI is unknown. In this investigation, we tested the hypothesis that mice will display gender-specific differences in HLI, and that this phenomenon will be altered in mice lacking the genes for Cyp1a1 or 1a2. Eight week-old male and female wild type (WT) (C57BL/6J) mice, Cyp1a1-/-, and Cyp1a2-/- mice were exposed to 72h of hyperoxia (FiO2>0.95). Lung injury and inflammation were assessed and pulmonary and hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 levels were quantified at the enzyme activity, protein and mRNA level. Upon exposure to hyperoxia, liver and lung microsomal proteins showed higher pulmonary CYP1A1 (apoprotein level and activity) in WT females compared to WT males and a greater induction in hepatic CYP1A2 mRNA levels and activity in WT females after hyperoxia exposure. The gender based female advantage was lost or reversed in Cyp1a1-/- and Cyp1a2-/- mice. These findings suggest an important role for CYP1A enzymes in the gender-specific modulation of hyperoxic lung injury.
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Postnatal hyperoxia exposure differentially affects hepatocytes and liver haemopoietic cells in newborn rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105005. [PMID: 25115881 PMCID: PMC4130630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature newborns are frequently exposed to hyperoxic conditions and experimental data indicate modulation of liver metabolism by hyperoxia in the first postnatal period. Conversely, nothing is known about possible modulation of growth factors and signaling molecules involved in other hyperoxic responses and no data are available about the effects of hyperoxia in postnatal liver haematopoiesis. The aim of the study was to analyse the effects of hyperoxia in the liver tissue (hepatocytes and haemopoietic cells) and to investigate possible changes in the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α), endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS), and Nuclear Factor-kB (NF-kB). Experimental design of the study involved exposure of newborn rats to room air (controls), 60% O2 (moderate hyperoxia), or 95% O2 (severe hyperoxia) for the first two postnatal weeks. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses were performed. Severe hyperoxia increased hepatocyte apoptosis and MMP-9 expression and decreased VEGF expression. Reduced content in reticular fibers was found in moderate and severe hyperoxia. Some other changes were specifically produced in hepatocytes by moderate hyperoxia, i.e., upregulation of HIF-1α and downregulation of eNOS and NF-kB. Postnatal severe hyperoxia exposure increased liver haemopoiesis and upregulated the expression of VEGF (both moderate and severe hyperoxia) and eNOS (severe hyperoxia) in haemopoietic cells. In conclusion, our study showed different effects of hyperoxia on hepatocytes and haemopoietic cells and differential involvement of the above factors. The involvement of VEGF and eNOS in the liver haemopoietic response to hyperoxia may be hypothesized.
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Penaloza CG, Estevez B, Han DM, Norouzi M, Lockshin RA, Zakeri Z. Sex-dependent regulation of cytochrome P450 family members Cyp1a1, Cyp2e1, and Cyp7b1 by methylation of DNA. FASEB J 2013; 28:966-77. [PMID: 24161885 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-233320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sexual differences are only partially attributable to hormones. Cultured male or female cells, even from embryos before sexual differentiation, differ in gene expression and sensitivity to toxins, and these differences persist in isolated primary cells. Male and female cells from Swiss Webster CWF mice manifest sex-distinct patterns of DNA methylation for X-ist and for cytochrome P450 (CYP; family members 1a1, 2e1m, and 7b1. Dnmt3l is differentially expressed but not differentially methylated, and Gapdh is neither differentially methylated nor expressed. CYP family genes differ in expression in whole tissue homogenates and cell cultures, with female Cyp expression 2- to 355-fold higher and Dnmt3l 12- to 32-fold higher in males. DNA methylation in the promoters of these genes is sex dimorphic; reducing methylation differences reduces to 1- to 6-fold differences in the expression of these genes. Stress or estradiol alters both methylation and gene expression. We conclude that different methylation patterns partially explain the sex-based differences in expression of CYP family members and X-ist, which potentially leads to inborn differences between males and females and their different responses to chronic and acute changes. Sex-differential methylation may have medical effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Penaloza
- 1Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd, NSB E143, Flushing, NY 11367, USA.
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Lingappan K, Jiang W, Wang L, Couroucli XI, Barrios R, Moorthy B. Sex-specific differences in hyperoxic lung injury in mice: implications for acute and chronic lung disease in humans. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 272:281-90. [PMID: 23792423 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sex-specific differences in pulmonary morbidity in humans are well documented. Hyperoxia contributes to lung injury in experimental animals and humans. The mechanisms responsible for sex differences in the susceptibility towards hyperoxic lung injury remain largely unknown. In this investigation, we tested the hypothesis that mice will display sex-specific differences in hyperoxic lung injury. Eight week-old male and female mice (C57BL/6J) were exposed to 72 h of hyperoxia (FiO2>0.95). After exposure to hyperoxia, lung injury, levels of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2 alpha (8-iso-PGF 2α) (LC-MS/MS), apoptosis (TUNEL) and inflammatory markers (suspension bead array) were determined. Cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A expression in the lung was assessed using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. After exposure to hyperoxia, males showed greater lung injury, neutrophil infiltration and apoptosis, compared to air-breathing controls than females. Pulmonary 8-iso-PGF 2α levels were higher in males than females after hyperoxia exposure. Sexually dimorphic increases in levels of IL-6 (F>M) and VEGF (M>F) in the lungs were also observed. CYP1A1 expression in the lung was higher in female mice compared to males under hyperoxic conditions. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that male mice are more susceptible than females to hyperoxic lung injury and that differences in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers contribute to these sex-specific dimorphic effects. In conclusion, this paper describes the establishment of an animal model that shows sex differences in hyperoxic lung injury in a temporal manner and thus has important implications for lung diseases mediated by hyperoxia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Lingappan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 1102 Bates Avenue, MC: FC530.01, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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