Adult-type granulosa cell tumor of the testis: A case report with immunohistochemical study

A testicular mass found to be a rare testicular adult-type granulosa cell tumor: A case report and literature review

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are rare tumors, which mostly affect the ovaries. GCTs are classified into two types: juvenile and adult. Adult testicular GCTs are potentially malignant sex cord-stromal tumors.

CASE PRESENTATION

Here, we report a case of a 63-year-old man who presented with a right testicular nodule. Testicular ultrasound showed a hypoechoic tissue mass, measuring 3 cm and hyper vascularized in the color Doppler. A radical orchidectomy was performed. Histology showed a typical adult-type Granulosa cell tumor. After 12 months follow up, the patient is doing well and disease-free.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION

According to our case and a review of the literature, this type of tumor is an uncommon and slow-growing neoplasm. The diagnosis is confirmed by histology, treatment is based on surgery, radical orchidectomy. Long-term follow-up of patients is essential because distant metastases may emerge late in the clinical course.

CONCLUSION

This case report adds valuable insights to the limited literature on adult testicular Granulosa cell tumors. Radical orchidectomy remains the optimal treatment, and early diagnosis, coupled with surgery, significantly enhances prognosis.

Adult-type granulosa cell tumor of the testis: A case report and review of the literature

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) of the testicle are a rare subtype of sex cord stromal tumors which usually present with painless testicular swelling. The histology of an adult testicular GCT often resembles normal granulosa cell tissue morphology, with similar immunohistochemical staining pattern such as positivity for steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1), calretinin, and inhibin A.4,5 We present a case of a 39-year-old male with an adult GCT of the testicle who underwent successful unilateral orchiectomy. This case adds to the body of literature and furthers our understanding of tumor histopathology, tumor behavior, clinical surveillance, and treatment strategies for this testicular neoplasm.