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Zheng X, Chen Q, Wu Y, Xiong J. Association of body fat percentage with kidney stone Disease: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study among bus drivers. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2174. [PMID: 37932777 PMCID: PMC10629027 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17128-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between body fat percentage (BFP) and kidney stone disease (KSD) among bus drivers has not been explored in the existing literature. Thus, this study was conducted to explore the influence of BFP on the risk of KSD as well as KSD development for bus drivers to fill the research gap. METHODS A cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort study was designed. In total, 3433 bus drivers were included in the cross-sectional analyses, and 1864 bus drivers without KSD at baseline and with regular follow-up were included in the longitudinal cohort study. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 2.9 years, KSD occurred in 15.0% of bus drivers. Multivariate logistic analysis found that each 5% higher BFP was not only significantly related with higher odds of KSD (odds ratio [OR] = 1.48), but also associated with higher odds of developing KSD (OR = 1.27). The risk of prevalent KSD in obesity group based on BFP was 2.47 times of the normal group; and the corresponding risk of developing KSD was 1.61 times. For obesity bus drives with age < 40, the corresponding risk increased to 4.54 times. CONCLUSION Bus drivers were reported to have a high prevalence of KSD as well as development of KSD. As a significant predictive factor for KSD, BFP can be used to monitor and prevent bus drivers from kidney stone formation. Bus drivers in obesity group based on BFP, especially with age < 40 years should become priority subjects for targeted prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujuan Zheng
- Medical School, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518060, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Medical School, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518060, China
| | - Yanxia Wu
- Health Management Centre, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Medical School, Shenzhen University, 1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518060, China.
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Liu H, Ma Y, Shi L. Higher weight-adjusted waist index is associated with increased likelihood of kidney stones. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1234440. [PMID: 37800142 PMCID: PMC10548222 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1234440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) and the prevalence of kidney stones among adults in the United States. Methods The cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning the years 2007-2018. A total of 31,344 participants were categorized into two groups: those with kidney stones and those without. WWI was determined by dividing waist circumference (cm) by the square root of body weight (kg). To examine the relationship between kidney stones and WWI, multivariate logistic regression models, smoothed curve fitting, and weighted generalized additive model (GAM) regression were employed. Subgroup analysis and interaction tests were conducted to explore the stability of this association across different groups. Results The final analysis comprised a total of 31,344 participants, including 2,928 individuals who had a history of kidney stones. In the fully adjusted model, an increase in WWI exhibited a positive correlation with the prevalence of kidney stones (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.18-1.51). When WWI was converted into quartiles (Q1-Q4), participants in the highest quartile (Q4) had a 69% greater risk of developing kidney stones compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.28-2.25). This positive association was particularly notable among non-diabetic patients. Conclusion Our study demonstrates a significant positive association between weight-adjusted waist index levels and an elevated prevalence of kidney stones among US adults. Furthermore, this research highlights the potential utility of weight-adjusted waist index in the prevention of kidney stones in the overall population. This relationship is limited and further research is needed to test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangyu Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burn Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meizhou Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lungang Shi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meizhou Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College, Meizhou, Guangdong, China
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Liu W, Wang M, Liu J, Yan Q, Liu M. Causal effects of modifiable risk factors on kidney stones: a bidirectional mendelian randomization study. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:82. [PMID: 37081554 PMCID: PMC10116718 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01520-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing epidemiological studies demonstrated that modifiable risk factors affected the risk of kidney stones. We aimed to systemically assess these causal associations using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. METHODS We obtained instrumental variables related to each exposure at the genome-wide significant threshold (P < 5 × 10-8). Summary level data for outcomes from the FinnGen consortium and UK Biobank were utilized in the discovery and replication stage. The Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis, with additional sensitivity analyses and fix-effect meta-analysis to verify the robustness of IVW results. RESULTS Among 46 risk factors, five were significantly associated with nephrolithiasis risk in the FinnGen consortium, UK Biobank, and meta-analyses collectively. The odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals [95%CIs]) of kidney stones were 1.21 (1.13, 1.29) per standard deviation (SD) increase in serum calcium, 1.55 (1.01, 2.36) per SD increase in serum 25(OH)D, 1.14 (1.00, 1.29) per SD increase in total triglycerides, 2.38 (1.34, 4.22) per SD increase in fasting insulin, and 0.28 (0.23, 0.35) per unit increase in log OR of urine pH. In addition, genetically predicted serum phosphorus, urinary sodium, tea consumption, and income affected the risk of kidney stones (false discovery rate [FDR] P < 0.05) based on the outcome data from the FinnGen consortium, and the significant associations of education and waist-to-hip ratio with nephrolithiasis risks were found after FDR correction (FDR P < 0.05) based on the outcome data from UK Biobank. CONCLUSIONS Our findings comprehensively provide modifiable risk factors for the prevention of nephrolithiasis. Genome-wide association studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify these causal associations in the future further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyong Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuxia Yan
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Dietary advices for patients with metabolic syndrome and obesity. World J Urol 2023; 41:1211-1214. [PMID: 36625919 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-022-04250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome are two important health problems that have increased in incidence in recent years in all around world. Stone occurrence and recurrence risks are increased in these diseases. Apart from general dietary recommendations for stone patients, metabolic evaluation and personalized dietary recommendations are important in these patients. Achieving a normal BMI also reduces the risks of stone occurrence and recurrence. In these patients, the Mediterranean diet and DASH diet, in which the lower animal protein intake and the higher consumption of vegetables and fruits, can be considered as suitable options in the diets to be applied to lose weight.
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Wang W, Lu X, Shi Y, Wei X. Association between food insecurity and kidney stones in the United States: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2014. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1015425. [PMID: 36438222 PMCID: PMC9682121 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1015425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although food insecurity is a major public health concern associated with various diseases, the relationship between food insecurity and kidney stones remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between food insecurity and kidney stones in the US population. Materials and methods Four continuous cycles of data from the year 2007 to 2014 were obtained from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the current study. We utilized the Household Food Security Module to assess the food security status of individuals. The primary outcome was whether participants ever had kidney stones, and the secondary outcome was a stone recurrence. A multivariate logistic regression model adjusting for potential confounders was constructed to evaluate the independent association between food insecurity and kidney stones. Results A total of 21,914 participants were included in our analysis, with 8.8% having a history of kidney stones and 33.2% of these reporting stones recurrence. Food insecurity was associated with increased risks of kidney stones (odds ratio: 1.21; 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.39; P = 0.010) and kidney stones recurrence (odds ratio: 1.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.77; P = 0.052) after adjusting for all potential confounders. In addition, participants with very low food security had 38% and 47% higher risks of kidney stones (odds ratio: 1.38; 95% confidence interval: 1.13-1.69; P = 0.002; P for trend = 0.009) and kidney stones recurrence (odds ratio: 1.47; 95% confidence interval: 1.03-2.10; P = 0.032; P for trend = 0.029), respectively. Conclusion There exists a significant association between food insecurity and kidney stones, which reveals the significance of the improvement of food insecurity in the alleviation of kidney stone formation and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixiao Shi
- Operating Room of Anesthesia Surgery Center, West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Xin Wei
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Wang J, Yang Z, Bai Y, Yin S, Cui J, Xiao Y, Wang J. Association between visceral adiposity index and kidney stones in American adults: A cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2007–2018. Front Nutr 2022; 9:994669. [PMID: 36225869 PMCID: PMC9548983 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.994669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the association between Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) and kidney stones in an American adult population. Materials and methods National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets from 2007 to 2018 were used. Participants aged ≥20 years who reported kidney stone history and VAI were included. Weighted proportions, multivariable analysis, generalized additive model (GAM), and spline smoothing were used to evaluate the associations between VAI and kidney stones by adjusting gender, age, race, education, marital status, poverty income ratio, smoking, alcohol, high blood pressure, diabetes, congestive heart failure, cancer, vigorous activity, moderate activity, HEI2015 total score, and energy. Results Totally 13,871 American adults were included. All the participants were divided by the VAI into four groups according to the quartile: Q1 (11.96–42.89), Q2 (42.90–74.45), Q3 (74.45–131.43), and Q4 (131.45–611.34). The mean ± standard deviation of the VAI in the four groups were Q1 (29.07 ± 8.22), Q2 (57.53 ± 8.81), Q3 (99.52 ± 16.25), and Q4 (225.92 ± 95.83). In the fully adjusted multivariable model, VAI was positively correlated with urolithiasis [odds ratio (OR) = 1.001; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.000–1.001]. Compared with the first quartile of VAI, the population in the fourth quartile of VAI had a higher prevalence of kidney stones (OR = 1.329; 95% CI 1.104–1.600). Subgroup analysis detected no significant interaction effect after adjusting for covariates. Conclusion The value of VAI is positively correlated with the prevalence of kidney stones, which suggest VAI can be used to assess the potential risk of the prevalence of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Yunjin Bai
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Yin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jianwei Cui
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunfei Xiao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Wang,
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Mao Y, Hu W, Liu L, Liu Q. Association Between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Future Risk of Kidney Stones. Front Public Health 2022; 10:843383. [PMID: 35237556 PMCID: PMC8882577 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The association between history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and risk of kidney stones has not been reported. GDM increases the risk of long-term complications including diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome, which are risk factors of kidney stones. This study aimed to explore the association between previous GDM and odds of kidney stones. Methods Women (age ≥ 20 years) who had delivered at least one live birth were included from the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohort (N = 12,003). Patients with kidney stones and history of GDM were identified by in-home interview for all participants. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age, race/ethnicity, postpartum duration and status of hypertension, obesity, current diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Results Previous GDM was positively associated with odds of kidney stones [multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 1.41 (1.13–1.77)], and the association was stronger with odds of passing 2 or more times of kidney stones [1.72 (1.31–2.26)]. In subgroup analyses, the association between previous GDM and odds of kidney stones was significant in women within 15 years of a pregnancy complicated by GDM [1.54 (1.12–2.11)], in obese participants [1.56 (1.18–2.06)], in women without hypertension [1.49 (1.07–2.08)], current diabetes [1.38 (1.02–1.87)] and metabolic syndrome [1.56 (1.10–2.19)], in women of Non-Hispanic White [1.59 (1.15–2.18)] and in women aged more than 50 year [1.45 (1.02–2.07)]. Conclusions Previous GDM was positively associated with odds of kidney stones, and the association was independent of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Mao
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated With Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Hu
- Department of Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Preventions, The Kunshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated With Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated With Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Liu
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Contemporary treatment trends for upper urinary tract stones in a total population analysis in Germany from 2006 to 2019: will shock wave lithotripsy become extinct? World J Urol 2022; 40:185-191. [PMID: 34453580 PMCID: PMC8813696 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-021-03818-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the change in upper urinary tract stone management in Germany over a 14-year period. METHODS Using remote data processing we analyzed the nationwide German billing data from 2006 to 2019. To analyze the clinics' case numbers and regional trends, we used the reimbursement.INFO tool based on standardized quality reports of all German hospitals. To also cover shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) as an outpatient procedure, we analyzed the research database of the Institute for Applied Health Research with a representative anonymous sample of 4 million insured persons. RESULTS The number of inpatient interventional therapies for upper tract urolithiasis in Germany increased from 70,099 cases in 2006 to 94,815 cases in 2019 (trend p < 0.0001). In-hospital SWL declined from 41,687 cases in 2006 to 10,724 cases in 2019 (decline of 74%; trend p < 0.0001). The percentage of SWL as an outpatient procedure increased between 2013 and 2018 from 36 to 46% of all performed SWL, while total SWL case numbers declined. Contrarily, the number of ureteroscopies increased from 32,203 cases in 2006 to 78,125 cases in 2019 (increase of 143%; trend p < 0.0001). The number of percutaneous nephrolithotomy also increased from 1673 cases in 2006 to 8937 in 2019 (increase of 434%; trend p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION We observed an increase in interventional therapy for upper tract urolithiasis in Germany with a dramatic shift from SWL to endoscopic/percutaneous treatment. These changes may be attributed to enormous technological advances of the endoscopic armamentarium and to reimbursement issues.
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