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Antiamylase, Antilipase, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxic Activity of Nonea obtusifolia (Willd.) DC. from Palestine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8821319. [PMID: 33344648 PMCID: PMC7725574 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8821319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background Medicinal plants are widely used in many cultures, traditions, and civilizations worldwide. Plants with high contents of the valuable biological compounds can efficiently cure many diseases. This study is aimed at assessing, for the first time, the anti-α-amylase, antilipase, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of Nonea obtusifolia (Willd.) DC. of five extracts from Palestine. Methods The antimicrobial activity was estimated using well diffusion method for N. obtusifolia plant of five extracts against eight ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) and clinical isolates. The cytotoxic effects for these extracts were evaluated against HeLa (cervical) carcinoma cells using MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay. Moreover, the lipase and α-amylase inhibitory properties were determined using standard biomedical assays. Results The acetone extract of N. obtusifolia plant showed a more potent α-amylase inhibitory compared with acarbose with IC50 values of 25.7 ± 0.08 and 28.18 ± 1.22 μg/ml, respectively. Additionally, the acetone and methanol extracts revealed moderate antilipase activity compared to orlistat with IC50 values of 30.19 ± 0.11, 33.11 ± 0.13, and 12.3 ± 0.35 μg/ml, respectively. The methylene chloride extract was found to inhibit the growth of all the tested bacterial and fungal strains and also found to have potential cytotoxic effect against HeLa cancer cell line. Conclusion This research work reports for the first time the biological activity of N. obtusifolia from Palestine, and the results were promising indicating that N. obtusifolia extracts contain valuable bioactive molecules that have a potential anti-α-amylase, antilipase, antibacterial, and antifungal cytotoxic potentials. Therefore, N. obtusifolia could have a medical significance in the future.
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Carbohydrates and lipids metabolic enzymes inhibitory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials of Anchusa ovata Lehm. from Palestine. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Marsden REF, Francis J, Garner I. Use of GFCF Diets in Children with ASD. An Investigation into Parents' Beliefs Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:3716-3731. [PMID: 31165958 PMCID: PMC6667690 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04035-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gluten free/Casein free (GFCF) diets are one of the most common types of Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) used in Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) despite little evidence to support positive effects. There has been no theory driven literature that has investigated parent’s reasons for their use. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was used to examine parent’s intentions to use GFCF diets for their child with an ASD. Treatment and causal beliefs were also examined. Parents (n = 33, children aged 3–17 years) were influenced by anticipated regret, positive outcomes and attitude. Future interventions should provide information to parents and health professionals about the possible causes of ASD and therapy options which are in line with current recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E F Marsden
- Department of Psychology, Sheffield Hallam University, Heart of the Campus, Collegiate Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2BP, England, UK.
| | - John Francis
- Sheffield Hallam University, Unit 2 Science Park, City Campus, Sheffield, S1 1WB, England, UK
| | - Iain Garner
- Sheffield Institute of Education, Sheffield Hallam University, Charles Street Building, Sheffield, England, UK
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Roth I, Highfield L, Cuccaro P, Wells R, Misra S, Engebretson J. Employing Evidence in Evaluating Complementary Therapies: Findings from an Ethnography of Integrative Pain Management at a Large Urban Pediatric Hospital. J Altern Complement Med 2019; 25:S95-S105. [PMID: 30870018 PMCID: PMC6446163 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2018.0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complementary and Integrative Medicine (CIM) shows positive clinical benefit with minimal side effects, yet, challenges to effective integration of CIM providers in biomedical health care settings remain. This study aimed to better understand the role evidence played in the process of integration of complementary therapies into a large urban pediatric hospital from the perspective of patients, caregivers, providers, and administrators through applied medical ethnography. METHODS An ethnography was conducted over the course of 6 months in a large urban pediatric hospital in the Southern United States. At the time, the hospital was piloting an integrative medicine (IM) pain consult service. Purposive sampling was used to select providers, patients, administrators, and caregivers to follow as they engaged with both the preexisting pain service and pilot IM pain services. Field observation and interviews were conducted with 34 participants. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze field notes, interview transcripts, and documents collected. FINDINGS Analysis of the data revealed five themes regarding the role of evidence in the process of integration: Anecdotal Evidence and Personal Experience Effecting CIM Use, Open to Trying Whatever Works, Resistance to the Unfamiliar, Patients and Parents Trusting Doctors as Experts, and Importance of Scientific Evidence to Biomedicine. All themes address the role of evidence in relationship to acceptance of complementary therapies and correspond with three thought processes: critical thinking, relying on others for evidence, and reactionary thinking. CONCLUSION Both scientific and anecdotal evidence informed CIM use in this context. Biomedical environments seeking to integrate CIM into pain treatment regimens will need to engage all relevant stakeholders in building education, clinical training, and research programs that are critically informed about the context and evidence for CIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Roth
- Program on Integrative Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Linda Highfield
- Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health (UTHealth), Houston, TX
| | - Paula Cuccaro
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health (UTHealth), Houston, TX
| | - Rebecca Wells
- Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health (UTHealth), Houston, TX
| | - Sanghamitra Misra
- Department of Academic General Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Joan Engebretson
- Department of Family Health, University of Texas Health Science Center Cizik School of Nursing (UTHealth), Houston, TX
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Abu Hammour K, Abu Farha R, Alsous M, Rizik M, Abu Hammour W. Evaluation of risk factors affecting parental knowledge and attitude toward antibiotic use in children with upper respiratory tract infections. Eur J Integr Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gardiner P, Robinson N. Pediatric integrative medicine needs research evidence to guide decision-making. Eur J Integr Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Thorsen RS, Pouliot M. Traditional medicine for the rich and knowledgeable: challenging assumptions about treatment-seeking behaviour in rural and peri-urban Nepal. Health Policy Plan 2015; 31:314-24. [PMID: 26130610 PMCID: PMC4779144 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czv060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicine is commonly assumed to be a crucial health care option for poor households in developing countries. However, little research has been done in Asia to quantify the reliance on traditional medicine and its determinants. This research contributes to filling in this knowledge gap using household survey data collected from 571 households in three rural and peri-urban sites in Nepal in 2012. Questions encompassed household socioeconomic characteristics, illness characteristics, and treatment-seeking behaviour. Treatment choice was investigated through bivariate analyses. Results show that traditional medicine, and especially self-treatment with medicinal plants, prevail as treatment options in both rural and peri-urban populations. Contrarily to what is commonly assumed, high income is an important determinant of use of traditional medicine. Likewise, knowledge of medicinal plants, age, education, gender and illness chronicity were also significant determinants. The importance of self-treatment with medicinal plants should inform the development of health policy tailored to people's treatment-seeking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Stamp Thorsen
- Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Mariève Pouliot
- Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Lorenc A, Blair M, Robinson N. Personal and professional influences on practitioners' attitudes to traditional and complementary approaches to health in the UK. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Gorodzinsky AY, Davies WH, Drendel AL. Parents' treatment of their children's pain at home: pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches. J Pediatr Health Care 2014; 28:136-47. [PMID: 23419506 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During childhood, pain often is experienced on a nearly daily basis. This study focuses on pain alleviation techniques provided by parents, because children's painful experiences are most often treated at home. Hypotheses addressed various factors that can influence use of pain alleviation techniques, including parents' level of catastrophizing about their children's pain, children's age, and conversations with health care professionals. METHOD A total of 756 parents of children ages 6 to 17 years completed an online survey regarding pain alleviation including use and effectiveness of pharmacological and nonpharmacological techniques, pain catastrophizing, and questions regarding dialogue with health care professionals. RESULTS Parents with increased pain catastrophizing used more pharmacological techniques, and child self-administration of pain alleviation techniques increased with the child's age. Parents were more likely to have spoken with their health care professional about pharmacological techniques. DISCUSSION This study provides information that can help health care professionals initiate conversations regarding treatment options and align recommendations with techniques that parents are likely to use, and it can help health care professionals provide supportive alternative recommendations.
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Skovgaard L, Nicolajsen P, Pedersen E, Kant M, Fredrikson S, Verhoef M, Meyrowitsch D. People with multiple sclerosis in Denmark who use complementary and alternative medicine—Do subgroups of patients differ? Eur J Integr Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lorenc A, Crichton N, Robinson N. Traditional and complementary approaches to health for children: Modelling the parental decision-making process using Andersen's Sociobehavioural Model. Complement Ther Med 2013; 21:277-85. [PMID: 23876557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Traditional and complementary approaches to health (TCA) are common for children. Andersen's Sociobehavioural Model (SBM) is often used to explain healthcare decision-making. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and determinants of traditional and complementary approaches to health (TCA) in a multi-ethnic child population, and to explore whether the SBM explained TCA health care decision-making in this population. DESIGN Cross-sectional questionnaire survey. NHS ethical approval was given. SETTING GP waiting rooms, Northwest London. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE AND ANALYSIS All carers/parents (with children under 16), attending GP appointments on specific days, were asked to complete a questionnaire about TCA use; primary outcome 12-month child TCA use. Forward stepwise logistic regression tested appropriateness of the SBM. RESULTS A total of 394 questionnaires were returned, representing 737 children; a quarter White British. Prevalence of 12-month TCA use was 45.4%, mainly food-based herbs/spices for minor illnesses which were used prior to GP consultation. Over half identified that TCA was part of their ethnic/cultural background. Only 29% had discussed TCA with their GP. The strongest predictor of child TCA use in the SBM was carer TCA use, itself influenced by carer gender and ethnicity, and GP advice. Need factors were not influential. CONCLUSIONS Child TCA use was common in this multi-ethnic community, particularly the use of food-based remedies for minor illnesses, and carers' experience and background are central in deciding to use TCA for a child. TCA appears practiced as part of cultural background, with implications for GPs to be aware of their role in guiding patients to ensure safe practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Lorenc
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, London South Bank University, United Kingdom.
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Robinson N. Personal budgets for patient centred care. Eur J Integr Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Robinson N, Lorenc A, Falinski A, Banarsee R. The challenges of facilitating primary healthcare discussions on traditional, complementary and alternative medicine for childhood eczema: piloting a computerized template. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2012; 89:517-524. [PMID: 22465483 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Healthcare practitioners (HCPs) experience barriers to changing routine consultation practice. Communication and recording of traditional, complementary and alternative medicines (TCAM) is inadequate. This pilot study explored the challenges of implementing a computerized template in primary care to facilitate communication on TCAM for paediatric eczema. METHODS A computerized template to record TCAM use, with links to evidence-based TCAM databases, was designed, based on qualitative research with patients and HCPs. Four London general practices implemented the template integrated with usual practice. Twelve focus groups during the 6 month study period explored HCPs' knowledge, communication and information sources regarding TCAM and perceived barriers to template implementation. RESULTS HCPs were initially enthusiastic about discussing TCAM, for improving communication and understanding patient's choices, but the template was used in under a third of consultations. HCPs were surprised at low TCAM use (10%) and lack of correlation with eczema or ethnicity. Reported barriers were time and remembering, due to busy, target-driven practice. CONCLUSION HCPs recognize the importance of discussing TCAM use for childhood eczema, and potential benefits for HCP-patient communication. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Future tools to facilitate TCAM discussion should prioritise use of existing IT systems and address barriers to use, especially lack of time.
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Application of complementary and alternative medicine in epileptic children at a tertiary pediatric neurology center in Turkey. Eur J Integr Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Pediatr 2011; 23:700-7. [PMID: 22068136 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e32834dda34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kumar R, Lorenc A, Robinson N, Blair M. Parents' and primary healthcare practitioners' perspectives on the safety of honey and other traditional paediatric healthcare approaches. Child Care Health Dev 2011; 37:734-43. [PMID: 21143272 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2010.01186.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional and complementary healthcare approaches (TCA) are widely used for children, often because of perceived safety. Honey is a traditional remedy for upper respiratory tract symptoms in infants. Health officials currently advise limiting honey use because of the risk of botulism. OBJECTIVE This paper discusses honey as a traditional healthcare approach for children in a multi-ethnic community, and parents' and primary healthcare practitioners' (PHPs) perceptions of its safety. DESIGN As part of a larger study exploring beliefs about TCA, this paper focuses on perceived safety and use of honey, using data extracted for detailed analysis. Eleven parent focus groups (n= 92) and 30 interviews with PHPs were conducted. Qualitative data analysis used the Framework approach. SETTING London Boroughs of Brent and Harrow RESULTS TCA, particularly home remedies, dietary and religious approaches were popular for children. Honey was a particularly common TCA, reportedly used by 27 (29%) parents for their children. Honey was believed to be traditional, acceptable, accessible, natural and safe. It was most commonly used for respiratory tract symptoms and administered with hot water and lemon juice. PHPs were more concerned about the safety of TCA than parents. Almost half (40%) of PHPs mentioned the use of honey for children, few perceived it as a 'treatment' or were concerned about botulism. Others were aware of the risks and some reported challenges in communicating risk to parents. CONCLUSION TCA are commonly used for children, honey in particular for respiratory tract symptoms. Parents and some PHPs appear unaware of the risk of botulism from honey use in infants. Healthcare practitioners should ask routinely about the use of honey and other TCA, and consider different parental belief systems in ethnically diverse populations. Further research is required on the use and efficacy of honey for infants, to raise awareness of its benefits and risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raekha Kumar
- River Island Paediatric and Child Health Academic Centre, Imperial College Northwick Park Hospital Campus, Harrow, UK
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Robinson N, Lorenc A. Responding to patient demand: community pharmacists and herbal and nutritional products for children. Phytother Res 2010; 25:892-6. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Parents’ and practitioners’ differing perspectives on traditional and complementary health approaches (TCAs) for children. Eur J Integr Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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