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Zimmermann JSM, Linxweiler J, Radosa JC, Linxweiler M, Zimmermann R. The endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein Sec62 as potential therapeutic target in SEC62 overexpressing tumors. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1014271. [PMID: 36262254 PMCID: PMC9574383 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1014271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human SEC62 gene is located on chromosome 3q, was characterized as a tumor driver gene and is found to be overexpressed in an ever-growing number of tumors, particularly those with 3q26 amplification. Where analyzed, SEC62 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis. Sec62 protein is a membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and has functions in endoplasmic reticulum protein import, endoplasmic reticulum-phagy and -in cooperation with the cytosolic protein calmodulin- the maintenance of cellular calcium homeostasis. Various human tumors show SEC62 overexpression in immunohistochemistry and corresponding cell lines confirm this phenomenon in western blots and immunofluorescence. Furthermore, these tumor cells are characterized by increased stress tolerance and migratory as well as invasive potential, three hallmarks of cancer cells. Strikingly, plasmid-driven overexpression of SEC62 in non-SEC62 overexpressing cells introduces the same three hallmarks of cancer into the transfected cells. Depletion of Sec62 from either type of SEC62 overexpressing tumor cells by treatment with SEC62-targeting siRNAs leads to reduced stress tolerance and reduced migratory as well as invasive potential. Where tested, treatment of SEC62 overexpressing tumor cells with the small molecule/calmodulin antagonist trifluoperazine (TFP) phenocopied the effect of SEC62-targeting siRNAs. Recently, first phase II clinical trials with the prodrug mipsagargin/G202, which targets cellular calcium homeostasis in prostate cells as well as neovascular tissue in various tumors were started. According to experiments with tumor cell lines, however, SEC62 overexpressing tumor cells may be less responsive or resistant against such treatment. Therefore, murine tumor models for tumor growth or metastasis were evaluated with respect to their responsiveness to treatment with a mipsagargin analog (thapsigargin), or trifluoperazine, which had previously been in clinical use for the treatment of schizophrenia, or with the combination of both drugs. So far, no additive effect of the two drugs was observed but trifluoperazine had an inhibitory effect on tumor growth and metastatic potential in the models. Here, we review the state of affairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. M. Zimmermann
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Linxweiler
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Julia C. Radosa
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Linxweiler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Competence Center for Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Richard Zimmermann,
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Singh P, Kumari M, Bal A, Srinivasan R, Ghosh S. Heat shock protein 60 is a disease-associated sialoglycoprotein in human non-small cell lung cancer. Biol Chem 2021; 401:969-983. [PMID: 32049642 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA) have been reported in various malignancies. Earlier, we have found that MAA specifically interacted with human non-small cell lung-cancer (NSCLC) cells and induced apoptosis in these cells. The present study was designed to identify M. amurensis leukoagglutinin (MAL-I, one of the components of MAA, having the same carbohydrate specificity as MAA) interacting membrane sialoglycoprotein(s) of two subtypes of human NSCLC cell lines. Nine proteins were identified using two-dimensional (2D)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) followed by MAL-I-overlay transblotting and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Among these proteins, HSP60 was selected for further characterization. The sialoglycoprotein nature of membrane-HSP60 of NSCLC cell lines was confirmed by its reduced reactivity with MAL-I in Western blots in the presence of GM2 and by dual staining of the cell lines with MAL-I and HSP60-antibody. These findings were further substantiated by enzymatic analysis of membrane-HSP60 as well as in-silico evidence regarding this protein. Our observations were validated by immunohistochemical analysis of both subtypes of NSCLC tissue sections. Membrane-HSP60 was found to be involved in the inhibition of MAL-I-induced morphological alteration of NSCLC cells and also in the proliferation and migration of these cells, indicating the probable role of sialylated membrane-HSP60 in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Singh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Munmun Kumari
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Amanjit Bal
- Department of Histopathology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Radhika Srinivasan
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Sujata Ghosh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh 160012, India
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Sicking M, Lang S, Bochen F, Roos A, Drenth JPH, Zakaria M, Zimmermann R, Linxweiler M. Complexity and Specificity of Sec61-Channelopathies: Human Diseases Affecting Gating of the Sec61 Complex. Cells 2021; 10:1036. [PMID: 33925740 PMCID: PMC8147068 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of nucleated human cells has crucial functions in protein biogenesis, calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis, and signal transduction. Among the roughly one hundred components, which are involved in protein import and protein folding or assembly, two components stand out: The Sec61 complex and BiP. The Sec61 complex in the ER membrane represents the major entry point for precursor polypeptides into the membrane or lumen of the ER and provides a conduit for Ca2+ ions from the ER lumen to the cytosol. The second component, the Hsp70-type molecular chaperone immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein, short BiP, plays central roles in protein folding and assembly (hence its name), protein import, cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and various intracellular signal transduction pathways. For the purpose of this review, we focus on these two components, their relevant allosteric effectors and on the question of how their respective functional cycles are linked in order to reconcile the apparently contradictory features of the ER membrane, selective permeability for precursor polypeptides, and impermeability for Ca2+. The key issues are that the Sec61 complex exists in two conformations: An open and a closed state that are in a dynamic equilibrium with each other, and that BiP contributes to its gating in both directions in cooperation with different co-chaperones. While the open Sec61 complex forms an aqueous polypeptide-conducting- and transiently Ca2+-permeable channel, the closed complex is impermeable even to Ca2+. Therefore, we discuss the human hereditary and tumor diseases that are linked to Sec61 channel gating, termed Sec61-channelopathies, as disturbances of selective polypeptide-impermeability and/or aberrant Ca2+-permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Sicking
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Sven Lang
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Florian Bochen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Andreas Roos
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Essen University Hospital, D-45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Joost P. H. Drenth
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Muhammad Zakaria
- Department of Genetics, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Pakistan;
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Maximilian Linxweiler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; (F.B.); (M.L.)
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Smith RW, Moccia RD, Mothersill CE, Seymour CB. Irradiation of rainbow trout at early life stages results in a proteomic legacy in adult gills. Part B; the effect of a second radiation dose, after one year, on the proteomic responses in the irradiated and non-irradiated bystander fish. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 163:307-313. [PMID: 29433752 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study extends the investigation of the legacy effects of exposure to a single radiation dose at one of four early life stages, in adult rainbow trout (Part A), by examining the effects of a second identical dose after one year; i.e. egg 48 h after fertilisation (48 h egg) + 1 year, eyed egg + 1 year, yolk sac larvae (YSL) + 1 year and first feeder + 1 year. This included the induction of a bystander effect in non-irradiated trout which had swam with the irradiated fish. The second radiation dose negated any beneficial proteomic responses following early life stage irradiation only, particularly irradiation of 48 h eggs and eyed eggs (Part A). Instead the responses after early life stage + 1 year irradiation are consistently associated with tumorigenesis, cancer progression, or are otherwise damaging: upregulation of alpha-globin 1 (YSL + 1 year and first feeders + 1 year) and downregulation of histone H1, type II keratin, malate dehydrogenase 2-2, Na/K ATPase alpha subunit isoform 1b, nucleoside diphosphate kinase (48 h egg + 1 year), electron transfer flavoprotein subunit alpha (eyed egg + 1 year), 60 S ribosomal protein L30 (YSL + 1 year) and haemoglobin subunit beta-4 (first feeder + 1 year). Most significantly the second radiation dose also negated the overwhelmingly beneficial bystander effect proteomic responses induced by trout irradiated at an early life stage only (Part A). Instead the bystander effect proteomic changes induced by trout irradiated at an early life stage and again at 1 year have been associated with uncertain, with respect to tumorigenesis, or detrimental effects; upregulation of alpha-globin 1 (YSL + 1 year and first feeder + 1 year) and downregulation of malate dehydrogenase 2-2, nucleoside diphosphate kinase (48 h egg + 1 year), transferrin precursor (eyed egg + 1 year), 60 S ribosomal protein L30 (YSL + 1 year) and serine / threonine-protein phosphatase 2 A 65 kDa (first feeder + 1 year). This difference between the bystander effect induced proteomic changes following early life stage irradiation only and early life stage + 1 year irradiation may indicate a fundamental change in the non-targeted effects of radiation following multiple exposure to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Smith
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Richard D Moccia
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carmel E Mothersill
- Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin B Seymour
- Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Linxweiler M, Bochen F, Schick B, Wemmert S, Al Kadah B, Greiner M, Hasenfus A, Bohle RM, Juhasz-Böss I, Solomayer EF, Takacs ZF. Identification of SEC62 as a potential marker for 3q amplification and cellular migration in dysplastic cervical lesions. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:676. [PMID: 27553742 PMCID: PMC4995743 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2739-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chromosome 3 amplification affecting the 3q26 region is a common genomic alteration in cervical cancer, typically marking the transition of precancerous intraepithelial lesions to an invasive phenotype. Though potential 3q encoded target genes of this amplification have been identified, a functional correlation of potential oncogenic function is still missing. In this study, we investigated copy number changes and the expression level of SEC62 encoded at 3q26.2 as a new potential 3q oncogene in dysplastic cervical lesions and analyzed its role in cervical cancer cell biology. Methods Expression levels of Sec62 and vimentin were analyzed in liquid based cytology specimens from 107 women with varying grades of cervical dysplasia ranging from normal cases to cancer by immunofluorescence cytology. Additionally, a subset of 20 representative cases was used for FISH analyses targeting SEC62. To further explore the functional role of Sec62 in cervical cancer, HeLa cells were transfected with a SEC62 plasmid or SEC62 siRNA and analyzed for their proliferation and migration potential using real-time monitoring and trans-well systems as well as changes in the expression of EMT markers. Results FISH analyses of the swabbed cells showed a rising number of SEC62 gains and amplifications correlating to the grade of dysplasia with the highest incidence in high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinomas. When analyzing the expression level of Sec62 and vimentin, we found a gradually increasing expression level of both proteins according to the severity of the dysplasia. In functional analyses, SEC62 silencing inhibited and SEC62 overexpression stimulated the migration of HeLa cells with only marginal effects on cell proliferation, the expression level of EMT markers and the cytoskeleton structure. Conclusions Our study suggests SEC62 as a target gene of 3q26 amplification and a stimulator of cellular migration in dysplastic cervical lesions. Hence, SEC62 could serve as a potential marker for 3q amplification, providing useful information about the dignity and biology of dysplastic cervical lesions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2739-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Linxweiler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 6, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | - Florian Bochen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 6, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 44, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schick
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 6, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Silke Wemmert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 6, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Basel Al Kadah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 6, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Markus Greiner
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 44, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Andrea Hasenfus
- Department of General and Surgical Pathology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 26, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Rainer-Maria Bohle
- Department of General and Surgical Pathology, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 26, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Ingolf Juhasz-Böss
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 9, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Erich-Franz Solomayer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 9, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Zoltan Ferenc Takacs
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrberger Street 100, Building 9, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Stewart PA, Parapatics K, Welsh EA, Müller AC, Cao H, Fang B, Koomen JM, Eschrich SA, Bennett KL, Haura EB. A Pilot Proteogenomic Study with Data Integration Identifies MCT1 and GLUT1 as Prognostic Markers in Lung Adenocarcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142162. [PMID: 26539827 PMCID: PMC4634858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a pilot proteogenomic study to compare lung adenocarcinoma to lung squamous cell carcinoma using quantitative proteomics (6-plex TMT) combined with a customized Affymetrix GeneChip. Using MaxQuant software, we identified 51,001 unique peptides that mapped to 7,241 unique proteins and from these identified 6,373 genes with matching protein expression for further analysis. We found a minor correlation between gene expression and protein expression; both datasets were able to independently recapitulate known differences between the adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma subtypes. We found 565 proteins and 629 genes to be differentially expressed between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, with 113 of these consistently differentially expressed at both the gene and protein levels. We then compared our results to published adenocarcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma proteomic data that we also processed with MaxQuant. We selected two proteins consistently overexpressed in squamous cell carcinoma in all studies, MCT1 (SLC16A1) and GLUT1 (SLC2A1), for further investigation. We found differential expression of these same proteins at the gene level in our study as well as in other public gene expression datasets. These findings combined with survival analysis of public datasets suggest that MCT1 and GLUT1 may be potential prognostic markers in adenocarcinoma and druggable targets in squamous cell carcinoma. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002622.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Stewart
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America 33612
| | - Katja Parapatics
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eric A. Welsh
- Cancer Informatics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America 33612
| | - André C. Müller
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Haoyun Cao
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America 33612
| | - Bin Fang
- Proteomics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America 33612
| | - John M. Koomen
- Proteomics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America 33612
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America 33612
| | - Steven A. Eschrich
- Cancer Informatics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America 33612
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America 33612
| | - Keiryn L. Bennett
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eric B. Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America 33612
- * E-mail:
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Wu HY, Goan YG, Chang YH, Yang YF, Chang HJ, Cheng PN, Wu CC, Zgoda VG, Chen YJ, Liao PC. Qualification and Verification of Serological Biomarker Candidates for Lung Adenocarcinoma by Targeted Mass Spectrometry. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:3039-50. [DOI: 10.1021/pr501195t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Wu
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Gang Goan
- Division
of Thoracic Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hua Chang
- Department
of Cell and Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Department
of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Yang
- Department
of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Jen Chang
- Department
of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Nan Cheng
- Department
of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University
Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Wu
- Department
of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
| | | | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chi Liao
- Department
of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70428, Taiwan
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