1
|
Dhingra S, Gaur V, Bhattacharya J, Saha S. Photoinduced micropatterning on biodegradable aliphatic polyester surfaces for anchoring dual brushes and its application in bacteria and cell patterning. J Mater Chem B 2022; 11:83-98. [PMID: 36226487 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01477g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In view of intrinsic challenges encountered in surface patterning on actual biomaterials such as the ones based on biodegradable polymers, we have demonstrated an innovative strategy to create micro-patterns on the surface of tartaric acid based aliphatic polyester P (poly(hexamethylene 2,3-O-isoprpylidentartarate)) without significant loss of its molecular weight. Around 10 wt% PAG (photoacid generator, 2-(4-methoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine) was purposefully encapsulated in a polyester matrix comprising of P and PLA (polylactide) at a ratio of 5 : 95. With the help of a photomask, selective areas of the matrix were exposed to UV radiation at 395 nm for 25 min to trigger the acid release from PAG entrapped unmasked areas for generating hydroxyl functionality that was later converted to an ATRP (atom transfer radical polymerization) initiating moiety on the irradiated domain of P. In subsequent steps, spatio-selective surface modification by surface initiated ATRP was carried out to generate an alternate pattern of polyPEGMA (poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) and polyDMAPS (poly(3-dimethyl-(methacryloyloxyethyl)ammonium propane sulfonate)) brushes on the matrix. The patterned surface modified with dual brushes was found to be antifouling in nature (rejection of >97% of proteins). Strikingly, an alternate pattern of live bacterial cells (E. coli and S. aureus) was evident and a relatively high population of bacteria was found on the polyPEGMA brush modified domain. However, a complete reverse pattern was visible in the case of L929 mouse fibroblast cells, i.e., cells were found to predominantly adhere to and proliferate on the zwitterionic brush modified surface. An attempt was made to discuss a plausible mechanism of selective cell adhesion on the zwitterionic brush domain. This novel strategy employed on the biodegradable polymer surface provides an easy and straightforward way to micro-pattern various cells, bacteria, etc. on biodegradable substrates which hold great potential to function as biochips, diagnostics, bacteria/cell microarrays, etc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaifali Dhingra
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
| | - Vidit Gaur
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India
| | | | - Sampa Saha
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Eskhan A, Johnson D. Microscale characterization of abiotic surfaces and prediction of their biofouling/anti-biofouling potential using the AFM colloidal probe technique. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 310:102796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
3
|
Gainutdinov RV, Lashkova AK, Zolotov DA, Asadchikov VE, Shiryaev AA, Ivanova AG, Roshchin BS, Shut VN, Kashevich IF, Mozzharov SE, Tolstikhina AL. Determination of Young’s Modulus in Triglycine Sulfate Crystals with Layered Impurity Distribution. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774522040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
4
|
Dhingra S, Gaur V, Saini V, Rana K, Bhattacharyya J, Loho T, Ray S, Bajaj A, Saha S. Cytocompatible, Soft and Thick Brush Modified Scaffolds with Prolonged Antibacterial Effect to Mitigate Wound Infections. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3856-3877. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00245k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical device or implant associated infections caused by pathogenic bacteria are one of the major leading clinical issues, prevention and/or treatment of which still remain a challenging task. Infection resistant...
Collapse
|
5
|
Surface Modification of Poly(lactic acid) Film via Cold Plasma Assisted Grafting of Fumaric and Ascorbic Acid. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213717. [PMID: 34771274 PMCID: PMC8588400 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-based materials have found their application in the packaging with a yearly growing production rate. These naturally biodegradable polymers are obtained from renewable and sustainable natural resources with reduced environmental impact and affordable cost. These materials have found their utilization in fully-renewable plant-based packaging products, such as Tetra Pak®-like containers, by replacing commonly-used polyethylene as the polymer component. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the representative plant-based polymers because of its eco-friendliness and excellent chemical and mechanical properties. In this work, a PLA surface was modified by various food additives, namely ascorbic acid (ASA) and fumaric acid (FA), using plasma-initiated grafting reactions in order to improve the surface and adhesion properties of PLA. Various analytical and microscopic techniques were employed to prove the grafting process. Moreover, the improved adhesion of the modified PLA foil to aluminum (Al) foil in a laminate configuration was proven by peel resistance measurements. The peel resistance of modified PLA increased by 74% and 184% for samples modified by ASA and FA, respectively, compared with untreated PLA.
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Y, Vancso GJ. Polymer single chain imaging, molecular forces, and nanoscale processes by Atomic Force Microscopy: The ultimate proof of the macromolecular hypothesis. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
7
|
Muralter F, Perrotta A, Werzer O, Coclite AM. Interlink between Tunable Material Properties and Thermoresponsiveness of Cross-Linked Poly( N-vinylcaprolactam) Thin Films Deposited by Initiated Chemical Vapor Deposition. Macromolecules 2019; 52:6817-6824. [PMID: 31579141 PMCID: PMC6764023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In
this contribution, we report on the thin-film synthesis of a
novel thermoresponsive polymer, namely, poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)
cross-linked by di(ethylene glycol)divinyl ether [p(NVCL-co-DEGDVE)] by initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD). Its transition
between swollen and shrunken states in film thickness and the corresponding
lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was investigated by spectroscopic
ellipsometry in water. Water contact angle measurements and nano-indentation
experiments reveal that the transition is accompanied by a change
in wettability and elastic modulus. The amount of cross-linking was
used to tune the thermoresponsive behavior of the thin films, resulting
in higher swelling and LCST, increased surface rearrangement, and
lower stiffness for less cross-linked polymers. For the first time,
the filament temperature during iCVD synthesis was used to vary the
chain length of the resulting polymeric systems and, thus, the position
of their thermoresponsive transition. With that, swelling of up to
250% compared to the dry thickness and transition temperatures ranging
from 16 to 40 °C could be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Muralter
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Alberto Perrotta
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver Werzer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Maria Coclite
- Institute of Solid State Physics, NAWI Graz, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Guo S, Quintana R, Cirelli M, Toa ZSD, Arjunan Vasantha V, Kooij ES, Jańczewski D, Vancso GJ. Brush Swelling and Attachment Strength of Barnacle Adhesion Protein on Zwitterionic Polymer Films as a Function of Macromolecular Structure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8085-8094. [PMID: 31099575 PMCID: PMC6587155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The exceptional hydration of sulfobetaine polymer brushes and their resistance toward nonspecific protein absorption allows for the construction of thin films with excellent antibiofouling properties. In this work, swollen sulfobetaine brushes, prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of two monomers, differentiated by the nature of the polymerizable group, are studied and compared by a liquid-cell atomic force microscopy technique and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Colloidal AFM-based force spectroscopy is employed to estimate brush grafting density and characterize nanomechanical properties in salt water. When the ionic strength-induced swelling behaviors of the two systems are compared, the differences observed on the antipolyelectrolyte response can be correlated with the stiffness variation on brush compression, likely to be promoted by solvation differences. The higher solvation of amide groups is proposed to be responsible for the lower adhesion force of the barnacle cyprid's temporary adhesive proteins. The adhesion results provide further insights into the antibiofouling activity against barnacle cyprid settlement attributed to polysulfobetaine brushes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Guo
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science,
Technology and Research), Innovis, #08-03, 2 Fusionpolis Way, Singapore 138634
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Robert Quintana
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science,
Technology and Research), Innovis, #08-03, 2 Fusionpolis Way, Singapore 138634
- Materials
Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg
Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Marco Cirelli
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, MESA+
Institute for
Nanotechnology, Faculty Engineering Technology, Production Technology, and Physics of Interfaces
and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Zi Siang Desmond Toa
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering A*STAR (Agency for Science,
Technology and Research), Innovis, #08-03, 2 Fusionpolis Way, Singapore 138634
| | - Vivek Arjunan Vasantha
- Institute
of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong
Island, Singapore 627833
| | - E. Stefan Kooij
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, MESA+
Institute for
Nanotechnology, Faculty Engineering Technology, Production Technology, and Physics of Interfaces
and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Dominik Jańczewski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - G. Julius Vancso
- Institute
of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, A*STAR, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong
Island, Singapore 627833
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, MESA+
Institute for
Nanotechnology, Faculty Engineering Technology, Production Technology, and Physics of Interfaces
and Nanomaterials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kain L, Andriotis OG, Gruber P, Frank M, Markovic M, Grech D, Nedelkovski V, Stolz M, Ovsianikov A, Thurner PJ. Calibration of colloidal probes with atomic force microscopy for micromechanical assessment. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 85:225-236. [PMID: 29933150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical assessment of biological materials and tissue-engineered scaffolds is increasingly focusing at lower length scale levels. Amongst other techniques, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has gained popularity as an instrument to interrogate material properties, such as the indentation modulus, at the microscale via cantilever-based indentation tests equipped with colloidal probes. Current analysis approaches of the indentation modulus from such tests require the size and shape of the colloidal probe as well as the spring constant of the cantilever. To make this technique reproducible, there still exist the challenge of proper calibration and validation of such mechanical assessment. Here, we present a method to (a) fabricate and characterize cantilevers with colloidal probes and (b) provide a guide for estimating the spring constant and the sphere diameter that should be used for a given sample to achieve the highest possible measurement sensitivity. We validated our method by testing agarose samples with indentation moduli ranging over three orders of magnitude via AFM and compared these results with bulk compression tests. Our results show that quantitative measurements of indentation modulus is achieved over three orders of magnitude ranging from 1 kPa to 1000 kPa via AFM cantilever-based microindentation experiments. Therefore, our approach could be used for quantitative micromechanical measurements without the need to perform further validation via bulk compression experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kain
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Orestis G Andriotis
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Peter Gruber
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Frank
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marica Markovic
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - David Grech
- Nano Research Group, Department of Electronics and Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Vedran Nedelkovski
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Stolz
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton, Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Aleksandr Ovsianikov
- Institute of Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp J Thurner
- Institute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, 1060 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Michalek L, Barner L, Barner-Kowollik C. Polymer on Top: Current Limits and Future Perspectives of Quantitatively Evaluating Surface Grafting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706321. [PMID: 29512237 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined polymer strands covalently tethered onto solid substrates determine the properties of the resulting functional interface. Herein, the current approaches to determine quantitative grafting densities are assessed. Based on a brief introduction into the key theories describing polymer brush regimes, a user's guide is provided to estimating maximum chain coverage and-importantly-examine the most frequently employed approaches for determining grafting densities, i.e., dry thickness measurements, gravimetric assessment, and swelling experiments. An estimation of the reliability of these determination methods is provided via carefully evaluating their assumptions and assessing the stability of the underpinning equations. A practical access guide for comparatively and quantitatively evaluating the reliability of a given approach is thus provided, enabling the field to critically judge experimentally determined grafting densities and to avoid the reporting of grafting densities that fall outside the physically realistic parameter space. The assessment is concluded with a perspective on the development of advanced approaches for determination of grafting density, in particular, on single-chain methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Michalek
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Leonie Barner
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Institute for Biological Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Future Environments, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim S, Geryak RD, Zhang S, Ma R, Calabrese R, Kaplan DL, Tsukruk VV. Interfacial Shear Strength and Adhesive Behavior of Silk Ionomer Surfaces. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:2876-2886. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunghan Kim
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| | - Ren D. Geryak
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| | - Shuaidi Zhang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| | - Ruilong Ma
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| | - Rossella Calabrese
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Vladimir. V. Tsukruk
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0245, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Psarra E, König U, Müller M, Bittrich E, Eichhorn KJ, Welzel PB, Stamm M, Uhlmann P. In Situ Monitoring of Linear RGD-Peptide Bioconjugation with Nanoscale Polymer Brushes. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:946-958. [PMID: 31457480 PMCID: PMC6641180 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Bioinspired materials mimicking the native extracellular matrix environment are promising for biotechnological applications. Particularly, modular biosurface engineering based on the functionalization of stimuli-responsive polymer brushes with peptide sequences can be used for the development of smart surfaces with biomimetic cues. The key aspect of this study is the in situ monitoring and analytical verification of the biofunctionalization process on the basis of three complementary analytical techniques. In situ spectroscopic ellipsometry was used to quantify the amount of chemisorbed GRGDS at both the homopolymer poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brush and the binary poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)-PAA brushes, which was finally confirmed by an acidic hydrolysis combined with a subsequent reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. In situ attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy provided a step-by-step detection of the biofunctionalization process so that an optimized protocol for the bioconjugation of GRGDS could be identified. The optimized protocol was used to create a temperature-responsive binary brush with a high amount of chemisorbed GRGDS, which is a promising candidate for the temperature-sensitive control of GRGDS presentation in further cell-instructive studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evmorfia Psarra
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Street 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Hamilton Hall, University
of Nebraska-Lincoln, 639 North 12th Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United
States
| | - Ulla König
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Street 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Müller
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Street 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Bittrich
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Street 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Klaus-Jochen Eichhorn
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Street 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra B. Welzel
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Street 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Manfred Stamm
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Street 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, Chair of Physical Chemistry of
Polymeric Materials, Technische Universität
Dresden, Bergstr. 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, Hohe Street 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Department
of Chemistry, Hamilton Hall, University
of Nebraska-Lincoln, 639 North 12th Street, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United
States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zoppe JO, Ataman NC, Mocny P, Wang J, Moraes J, Klok HA. Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization: State-of-the-Art, Opportunities, and Challenges in Surface and Interface Engineering with Polymer Brushes. Chem Rev 2017; 117:1105-1318. [PMID: 28135076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The generation of polymer brushes by surface-initiated controlled radical polymerization (SI-CRP) techniques has become a powerful approach to tailor the chemical and physical properties of interfaces and has given rise to great advances in surface and interface engineering. Polymer brushes are defined as thin polymer films in which the individual polymer chains are tethered by one chain end to a solid interface. Significant advances have been made over the past years in the field of polymer brushes. This includes novel developments in SI-CRP, as well as the emergence of novel applications such as catalysis, electronics, nanomaterial synthesis and biosensing. Additionally, polymer brushes prepared via SI-CRP have been utilized to modify the surface of novel substrates such as natural fibers, polymer nanofibers, mesoporous materials, graphene, viruses and protein nanoparticles. The last years have also seen exciting advances in the chemical and physical characterization of polymer brushes, as well as an ever increasing set of computational and simulation tools that allow understanding and predictions of these surface-grafted polymer architectures. The aim of this contribution is to provide a comprehensive review that critically assesses recent advances in the field and highlights the opportunities and challenges for future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin O Zoppe
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nariye Cavusoglu Ataman
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piotr Mocny
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jian Wang
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John Moraes
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères Bâtiment MXD, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Station 12 CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Watson S, Dennington S, Wang L, Nie M, Hinder S, Stokes K. Polymer brush lubrication of the silicon nitride–steel contact: a colloidal force microscopy study. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra08897c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface initiated PMMA brushes are a promising candidate to lubricate the silicon nitride–steel contact under oil lubricated conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Watson
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS)
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| | - Simon Dennington
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS)
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| | - Ling Wang
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS)
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| | - Mengyan Nie
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS)
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| | - Steve Hinder
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences
- University of Surrey
- Guildford
- UK
| | - Keith Stokes
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS)
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Side chain effects in the packing structure and stiffness of redox-responsive ferrocene-containing polymer brushes. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
16
|
Yu Y, Kieviet BD, Liu F, Siretanu I, Kutnyánszky E, Vancso GJ, de Beer S. Stretching of collapsed polymers causes an enhanced dissipative response of PNIPAM brushes near their LCST. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:8508-16. [PMID: 26371862 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01426c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) is a stimulus-responsive polymer that can switch in water from an expanded state below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of 32 °C to a globular state above the LCST. It was recently shown that, as a consequence of this conformational transition, the interfacial and (tribo-)mechanical properties of polymeric systems composed of PNIPAM can be switched between two states. Here we show that the tribo-mechanical properties of a particular type of PNIPAM system, which is the PNIPAM brush, do not just change between two states, but instead evolve continuously and non-monotonically upon increasing/decreasing temperature. To do so, we present atomic force microscopy experiments in which we measure the adhesion hysteresis and the friction upon bringing a gold colloid in relative motion with PNIPAM brushes at temperatures around the LCST. Both the friction and the adhesion hysteresis display a pronounced maximum exactly at the LCST. The force vs. distance data captured at these temperatures show a long-ranged adhesive interaction upon moving the colloid away from the original point of contact, which indicates that during this retraction the partly collapsed polymers in the brush become strongly stretched.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Yu
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, MESA + Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Bernard D Kieviet
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, MESA + Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Fei Liu
- Physics of Complex Fluids, MESA + Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Igor Siretanu
- Physics of Complex Fluids, MESA + Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Edit Kutnyánszky
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, MESA + Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - G Julius Vancso
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, MESA + Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, MESA + Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Watson S, Nie M, Wang L, Stokes K. Challenges and developments of self-assembled monolayers and polymer brushes as a green lubrication solution for tribological applications. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17468f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface initiated polymer brushes, grafted from self-assembled initiating monolayers on a contact surface, provide opportunities to develop innovative solutions for friction reduction in tribological systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Watson
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS)
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| | - Mengyan Nie
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS)
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| | - Ling Wang
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS)
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
| | - Keith Stokes
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology at Southampton (nCATS)
- University of Southampton
- Southampton SO17 1BJ
- UK
- Platform Systems Division
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Solvent-induced immiscibility of polymer brushes eliminates dissipation channels. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3781. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
|
19
|
Raftari M, Zhang Z, Carter SR, Leggett GJ, Geoghegan M. Frictional properties of a polycationic brush. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:2759-66. [PMID: 24668347 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm53201a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The frictional behaviour of end-grafted poly[2-(dimethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate] films (brushes) has been shown by friction force microscopy to be a strong function of pH in aqueous solution. Data were acquired using bare silicon nitride and gold-coated tips, and gold coated probes that were functionalized by the deposition of self-assembled monolayers. At the extremes of pH (pH = 1, 2, and 12), the friction-load relationship was found to be linear, in agreement with Amontons' law of macroscopic friction. However, at intermediate pH values, the data were fitted by single asperity contact mechanics models; both Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) and Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov models were observed, with JKR behaviour fitting the data better at relatively neutral pH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Raftari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mechanical properties of silicone methacrylate microparticles determined by AFM Colloidal Probe Technique. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
21
|
de Groot GW, Santonicola MG, Sugihara K, Zambelli T, Reimhult E, Vörös J, Vancso GJ. Switching transport through nanopores with pH-responsive polymer brushes for controlled ion permeability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:1400-1407. [PMID: 23360664 DOI: 10.1021/am302820y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Several nanoporous platforms were functionalized with pH-responsive poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) brushes using surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). The growth of the PMAA brush and its pH-responsive behavior from the nanoporous platforms were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The swelling behavior of the pH-responsive PMAA brushes grafted only from the nanopore walls was investigated by AFM in aqueous liquid environment with pH values of 4 and 8. AFM images displayed open nanopores at pH 4 and closed ones at pH 8, which rationalizes their use as gating platforms. Ion conductivity across the nanopores was investigated with current-voltage measurements at various pH values. Enhanced higher resistance across the nanopores was observed in a neutral polymer brush state (lower pH values) and lower resistance when the brush was charged (higher pH values). By adding a fluorescent dye in an environment of pH 4 or pH 8 at one side of the PMAA-brush functionalized nanopore array chips, diffusion across the nanopores was followed. These experiments displayed faster diffusion rates of the fluorescent molecules at pH 4 (PMAA neutral state, open pores) and slower diffusion at pH 8 (PMAA charged state, closed pores) showing the potential of this technology toward nanoscale valve applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Wilhelmina de Groot
- Materials Science and Technology of Polymers, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schön P, Kutnyanszky E, ten Donkelaar B, Santonicola MG, Tecim T, Aldred N, Clare AS, Vancso GJ. Probing biofouling resistant polymer brush surfaces by atomic force microscopy based force spectroscopy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 102:923-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
23
|
Jalili K, Abbasi F, Milchev A. Dynamic Compression of in Situ Grown Living Polymer Brush: Simulation and Experiment. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma301743r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Jalili
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 10 Ackermannweg, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
- Institute of Polymeric
Materials, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335-1996,
Tabriz, Iran
| | - F. Abbasi
- Institute of Polymeric
Materials, Sahand University of Technology, P.O. Box 51335-1996,
Tabriz, Iran
| | - A. Milchev
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 10 Ackermannweg, 55128 Mainz,
Germany
- Institute for
Physical Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Science, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Binder K, Milchev A. Polymer brushes on flat and curved surfaces: How computer simulations can help to test theories and to interpret experiments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|