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Kaur B, Kumar S, Mondal T, Phukan M, Saxena A, Dalavoy T, Bhowmick AK, Bhat S. Controlled Methodology for Development of a Polydimethylsiloxane-Polytetrafluoroethylene-Based Composite for Enhanced Chemical Resistance: A Structure-Property Relationship Study. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22482-22493. [PMID: 32923807 PMCID: PMC7482242 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymers are highly appreciated materials that are broadly applied in several industries, from baby bottle nipples to rockets. Momentive researchers are continuously working to understand and expand the scope of PDMS-based materials. Fluorofunctional PDMS has helped the world to apply in specialty applications. Efforts are taken to develop such siloxane-fluoropolymer composite materials with good thermal, solvent, and chemical resistance performances. We leveraged inherently flexible PDMS as the model matrix, whereas polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was used as the additive to impart the functional benefits, offering great value in comparison to the individual polymers. The composites were made at three different mixing temperatures, that is, 0-35 °C, and different loadings of PTFE, that is, 0.5-8% (w/w), were selected as the model condition. A strong dependency of the mixing temperature against the performance attributes of the developed composites was noted. Mechanical and thermal stability of the composites were evaluated along with optical properties. X-ray diffraction demonstrated the change in the crystallite size of the PTFE particles as a function of processing temperature. Compared to the phase II crystallite structure of the PTFE, the fibrils formed in phase IV imparted a better reinforcing capability toward the PDMS matrix. A synergistic balance between higher filler loading and mechanical properties of the composite can be achieved by doping the formulation with short-chain curable PDMS, with 238% increment of tensile strength at 8 wt % PTFE loading when compared to the control sample. The learning was extended to check the applicability of doping such PTFE powder in commercial liquid silicone rubber (LSR). In the window of study, the formulated LSR demonstrated improved mechanical properties with additional functional benefits like resistance toward engine oil and other chemical solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banpreet Kaur
- Corporate
R&D, Momentive Performance Materials, Survey # 9, Electronic City West
(Phase-1), Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Shubham Kumar
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Titash Mondal
- Corporate
R&D, Momentive Performance Materials, Survey # 9, Electronic City West
(Phase-1), Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India
- Rubber
Technology Centre, Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Monjit Phukan
- Momentive
Performance Materials Inc., 769 Old Saw Mill River Rd, Tarrytown, New York 10591, United States
| | - Anubhav Saxena
- Corporate
R&D, Momentive Performance Materials, Survey # 9, Electronic City West
(Phase-1), Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Tulika Dalavoy
- Corporate
R&D, Momentive Performance Materials, Survey # 9, Electronic City West
(Phase-1), Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India
| | - Anil K. Bhowmick
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, United States
| | - Shreedhar Bhat
- Corporate
R&D, Momentive Performance Materials, Survey # 9, Electronic City West
(Phase-1), Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India
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Fractal conceptualization of intumescent fire barriers, toward simulations of virtual morphologies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1872. [PMID: 30755722 PMCID: PMC6372717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38515-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
By limiting the heat spread during a fire hazard, intumescent coatings are important components of passive protection systems. They swell due to heat induced reactions of micro constituents and are transformed into carbonaceous porous-like media, known as intumescent chars. Their multiscale inner structures, key elements of performance, are costly to predict by recurrent and large scale fire testing while numerical simulations are challenging due to complex kinetics. Hence, we propose a novel approach using the fractal theory and the random nature of events to conceptualize the coating expansion. Experimental specimens were obtained from fire protective coatings exposed to bench scale hydrocarbon fire. Mass fractals were evidenced in the slices of 3D sample volumes reconstructed from X-ray microtomography. Consequently, geometrical building blocks were simulated by random walk, active walk, aggregation-like and site percolation: physical-chemical modes of action were inherent in the attribution of the randomness. It is a first demonstration to conceptualize different types of intumescent actions by a generalized approach with dimensionless parameters at multiscale, thus eliminating the simulation of complex kinetics to obtain a realistic morphology. Also, fractal results brought new evidence to former chemical analyses on fire test residues trying to explain the kinetics of expansion. Expected outcomes are to predict virtually the reaction of fire protective systems hence to speed-up the assessment of fire performance through computed properties of virtual volumes.
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Intumescent Polymer Metal Laminates for Fire Protection. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10090995. [PMID: 30960919 PMCID: PMC6403655 DOI: 10.3390/polym10090995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intumescent paints are applied on materials to protect them against fire, but the development of novel chemistries has reached some limits. Recently, the concept of “Polymer Metal Laminates,” consisting of alternating thin aluminum foils and thin epoxy resin layers has been proven efficient against fire, due to the delamination between layers during burning. In this paper, both concepts were considered to design “Intumescent Polymer Metal Laminates” (IPML), i.e., successive thin layers of aluminum foils and intumescent coatings. Three different intumescent coatings were selected to prepare ten-plies IPML glued onto steel substrates. The IPMLs were characterized using optical microscopy, and their efficiency towards fire was evaluated using a burn-through test. Thermal profiles obtained were compared to those obtained for a monolayer of intumescent paint. For two of three coatings, the use of IPML revealed a clear improvement at the beginning of the test, with the slopes of the curves being dramatically decreased. Characterizations (expansion measurements, microscopic analyses, in situ temperature, and thermal measurements) were carried out on the different samples. It is suggested that the polymer metal laminates (PML) design, delays the carbonization of the residue. This work highlighted that design is as important as the chemistry of the formulation, to obtain an effective fire barrier.
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Hansupo N, Tricot G, Bellayer S, Roussel P, Samyn F, Duquesne S, Jimenez M, Hollman M, Catala P, Bourbigot S. Getting a better insight into the chemistry of decomposition of complex flame retarded formulation: New insights using solid state NMR. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Casetta M, Michaux G, Ohl B, Duquesne S, Bourbigot S. Key role of magnesium hydroxide surface treatment in the flame retardancy of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bellayer S, Jimenez M, Barrau S, Bourbigot S. Fire retardant sol–gel coatings for flexible polyurethane foams. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Untreated flexible polyurethane foams used in upholstered products are prone to rapid fire growth. Sol–gel process was evaluated to flame retard it. A successful intumescent formulation gave 60% reduction of the peak of heat release rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Bellayer
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET)
- Team Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères (ISP)
- R2Fire Group
- CNRS-UMR 8207
- ENSCL
| | - M. Jimenez
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET)
- Team Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères (ISP)
- R2Fire Group
- CNRS-UMR 8207
- ENSCL
| | - S. Barrau
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET)
- Team Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères (ISP)
- Mechanic of Complex Macromolecular Systems Group
- CNRS-UMR 8207
- ENSCL
| | - S. Bourbigot
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations (UMET)
- Team Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères (ISP)
- R2Fire Group
- CNRS-UMR 8207
- ENSCL
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Bellayer S, Jimenez M, Gardelle B, Delaplace G, Bouquerel J, Duquesne S, Bourbigot S. The electron microanalyzer (EPMA): a powerful device for the microanalysis of filled polymeric materials. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bellayer
- Service Microsonde, ENSCL; Université Lille Nord de France; 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex France
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations; Equipe Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères, CNRS-UMR 8207, ENSCL, Université Lille Nord de France; 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex France
| | - M. Jimenez
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations; Equipe Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères, CNRS-UMR 8207, ENSCL, Université Lille Nord de France; 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex France
| | - B. Gardelle
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations; Equipe Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères, CNRS-UMR 8207, ENSCL, Université Lille Nord de France; 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex France
| | - G. Delaplace
- INRA, PIHM-UR638 (Processus aux Interfaces et Hygiène des Matériaux); BP 20039 59651 F Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex France
| | - J. Bouquerel
- UMET-UMR CNRS 8207; team Métallurgie Physique et Génie des Matériaux Université Lille1; 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | - S. Duquesne
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations; Equipe Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères, CNRS-UMR 8207, ENSCL, Université Lille Nord de France; 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex France
| | - S. Bourbigot
- Unité Matériaux et Transformations; Equipe Ingénierie des Systèmes Polymères, CNRS-UMR 8207, ENSCL, Université Lille Nord de France; 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex France
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