1
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Lin J, Fan Y, Hutchinson DJ, Malkoch M. Soft Hydroxyapatite Composites Based on Triazine-Trione Systems as Potential Biomedical Engineering Frameworks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:7329-7339. [PMID: 36695708 PMCID: PMC9923673 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Composites of triazine-trione (TATO) thiol-ene networks and hydroxyapatite (HA) have shown great potential as topological fixation materials for complex bone fractures due to their high flexural modulus, biocompatibility, and insusceptibility to forming soft-tissue adhesions. However, the rigid mechanical properties of these composites make them unsuitable for applications requiring softness. The scope of these materials could therefore be widened by the design of new TATO monomers that would lead to composites with a range of mechanical properties. In this work, four novel TATO-based monomers, decorated with either ester or amide linkages as well as alkene or alkyne end groups, have been proposed and synthesized via fluoride-promoted esterification (FPE) chemistry. The ester-modified monomers were then successfully formulated along with the thiol TATO monomer tris [2-(3-mercaptopropionyloxy)ethyl] isocyanurate (TEMPIC) and HA to give soft composites, following the established photo-initiated thiol-ene coupling (TEC) or thiol-yne coupling (TYC) chemistry methodologies. The most promising composite shows excellent softness, with a flexural modulus of 57 (2) MPa and εf at maximum σf of 11.8 (0.3)%, which are 117 and 10 times softer than the previously developed system containing the commercially available tri-allyl TATO monomer (TATATO). Meanwhile, the surgically convenient viscosity of the composite resins and their excellent cytotoxicity profile allow them to be used in the construction of soft objects in a variety of shapes through drop-casting suitable for biomedical applications.
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2
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Liu X, Jiang Z, Xing D, Yang Y, Li Z, Sun Z. Recent progress in nanocomposites of carbon dioxide fixation derived reproducible biomedical polymers. Front Chem 2022; 10:1035825. [PMID: 36277338 PMCID: PMC9585172 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1035825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the environmental problems accompanying the extensive application of biomedical polymer materials produced from fossil fuels have attracted more and more attentions. As many biomedical polymer products are disposable, their life cycle is relatively short. Most of the used or overdue biomedical polymer products need to be burned after destruction, which increases the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). Developing biomedical products based on CO2 fixation derived polymers with reproducible sources, and gradually replacing their unsustainable fossil-based counterparts, will promote the recycling of CO2 in this field and do good to control the greenhouse effect. Unfortunately, most of the existing polymer materials from renewable raw materials have some property shortages, which make them unable to meet the gradually improved quality and property requirements of biomedical products. In order to overcome these shortages, much time and effort has been dedicated to applying nanotechnology in this field. The present paper reviews recent advances in nanocomposites of CO2 fixation derived reproducible polymers for biomedical applications, and several promising strategies for further research directions in this field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiwen Jiang, ; Zhiying Li,
| | - Dejun Xing
- Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiying Li
- Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiwen Jiang, ; Zhiying Li,
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
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3
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Zeng X, Chen Q, Zhao C, Xie S, Xie H, Huang C. Eugenol-derived organic liquids as an in situ CO2 capturing and conversion system for Eugenol-based polycarbonate synthesis. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200503. [PMID: 35971849 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The significant development of catalytic biomass conversion has provided a large library of chemicals ready for subsequent upgrading to polymerisable monomers for the design and preparation of sustainable polymers. In this study, hydroxyethylation of eugenol by using green ethylene carbonate as alkylation reagent and cheap tetrabutylammonium iodide ionic liquids as green solvents and catalysts produced 2-(4-allyl-2-methoxyphenoxy)ethan-1-ol with a 85% yield, which could be used to construct an in situ CO 2 capture and conversion system by taking the reversible chemistry of alcoholic compounds with CO 2 in the presence of superbases, on which α,ω-diene functionalized carbonate monomers were successfully prepared and were applied in thiol-ene click and acyclic diene metathesis polymerisation (ADMET), producing a series of poly(thioether carbonate)s and unsaturated aromatic aliphatic polycarbonates with moderate molecular weights and satisfactory thermal properties. The structures of the formed CO 2 reversible ILs, the polymerisable monomers and the corresponding polymers were fully characterized by various technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankui Zeng
- Guizhou University, Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, CHINA
| | - Qin Chen
- Guizhou University, Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, CHINA
| | - Changbo Zhao
- Guizhou University, Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, CHINA
| | - Sibo Xie
- Guizhou University, Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, CHINA
| | - Haibo Xie
- Guizhou University, Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, West Campus, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, 550025, Guiyang, CHINA
| | - Caijuan Huang
- Guizhou University, Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, CHINA
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4
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Louisy E, Khodyrieva V, Olivero S, Michelet V, Mija A. Use of Limonene Epoxides and Derivatives as Promising Monomers for Biobased Polymers. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200190. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Veronique Michelet
- University of Cote d'Azur Faculty of Sciences: Universite Cote d'Azur Faculte des Sciences CHEMISTRY Parc Valrose 06100 NICE FRANCE
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5
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Wenzel F, Hamzehlou S, Gonzalez de San Roman E, Aguirre M, Leiza JR. Modeling the Kinetics and Microstructure of a Thermally Initiated Thiol‐Ene Polymerization. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.202100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Wenzel
- POLYMAT and Kimika Aplikatua Saila Kimika Fakultatea University of the Basque Country UPV‐EHU Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea 72 Donostia‐San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Shaghayegh Hamzehlou
- POLYMAT and Kimika Aplikatua Saila Kimika Fakultatea University of the Basque Country UPV‐EHU Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea 72 Donostia‐San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Estibaliz Gonzalez de San Roman
- POLYMAT and Kimika Aplikatua Saila Kimika Fakultatea University of the Basque Country UPV‐EHU Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea 72 Donostia‐San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Miren Aguirre
- POLYMAT and Kimika Aplikatua Saila Kimika Fakultatea University of the Basque Country UPV‐EHU Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea 72 Donostia‐San Sebastian 20018 Spain
| | - Jose R. Leiza
- POLYMAT and Kimika Aplikatua Saila Kimika Fakultatea University of the Basque Country UPV‐EHU Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa Tolosa Hiribidea 72 Donostia‐San Sebastian 20018 Spain
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6
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Ohno R, Sugane K, Shibata M. Thermal and mechanical properties of polymer networks prepared by the thiol-ene reaction of a vanillin/acetone condensate and its related compounds. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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7
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Yang J, Dong J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Liu B, Shi H, He L. Phase Transition and Crystallization of Bio-based Comb-like Polymers Based on Renewable Castor Oil-Derived Epoxides and CO 2. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Jincheng Dong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Yangpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Binyuan Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Haifeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Lirong He
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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8
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Curing behavior, chain dynamics, and microstructure of high Tg thiol-acrylate networks with systematically varied network heterogeneity. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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9
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Alam TM, Allers JP, Jones BH. Heterogeneous Polymer Dynamics Explored Using Static 1H NMR Spectra. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155176. [PMID: 32707773 PMCID: PMC7432559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy continues to provide important molecular level details of dynamics in different polymer materials, ranging from rubbers to highly crosslinked composites. It has been argued that thermoset polymers containing dynamic and chemical heterogeneities can be fully cured at temperatures well below the final glass transition temperature (Tg). In this paper, we described the use of static solid-state 1H NMR spectroscopy to measure the activation of different chain dynamics as a function of temperature. Near Tg, increasing polymer segmental chain fluctuations lead to dynamic averaging of the local homonuclear proton-proton (1H-1H) dipolar couplings, as reflected in the reduction of the NMR line shape second moment (M2) when motions are faster than the magnitude of the dipolar coupling. In general, for polymer systems, distributions in the dynamic correlation times are commonly expected. To help identify the limitations and pitfalls of M2 analyses, the impact of activation energy or, equivalently, correlation time distributions, on the analysis of 1H NMR M2 temperature variations is explored. It is shown by using normalized reference curves that the distributions in dynamic activation energies can be measured from the M2 temperature behavior. An example of the M2 analysis for a series of thermosetting polymers with systematically varied dynamic heterogeneity is presented and discussed.
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10
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Abstract
The use of renewable terpene-based monomers for the preparation of sustainable functional polymers is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Della Monica
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- The Barcelona Institute for Science & Technology (BIST)
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Arjan W. Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- The Barcelona Institute for Science & Technology (BIST)
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)
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11
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Drozdov FV, Tarasenkov AN, Cherkaev GV, Demchenko NV, Buzin MI, Leites LA, Muzafarov AM. Synthesis and properties of prepolymers and their siloxane analogues by thiol‐ene polyaddition of limonene with dithiols. POLYM INT 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fedor V Drozdov
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric MaterialsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Alexandr N Tarasenkov
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric MaterialsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Georgij V Cherkaev
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric MaterialsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Nina V Demchenko
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric MaterialsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Michail I Buzin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Larissa A Leites
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Aziz M Muzafarov
- N.S. Enikolopov Institute of Synthetic Polymeric MaterialsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation
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12
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Stößer T, Sulley GS, Gregory GL, Williams CK. Easy access to oxygenated block polymers via switchable catalysis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2668. [PMID: 31209211 PMCID: PMC6572807 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10481-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygenated block polyols are versatile, potentially bio-based and/or degradable materials widely applied in the manufacture of coatings, resins, polyurethanes and other products. Typical preparations involve multistep syntheses and/or macroinitiator approaches. Here, a straightforward and well-controlled one-pot synthesis of ABA triblocks, namely poly(ether-b-ester-b-ether), and ABCBA pentablocks, of the form poly(ester-b-ether-b-ester’-b-ether-b-ester), using a commercial chromium catalyst system is described. The polymerization catalysis exploits mechanistic switches between anhydride/epoxide ring-opening copolymerization, epoxide ring-opening polymerization and lactone ring-opening polymerization without requiring any external stimuli. Testing a range of anhydrides, epoxides and chain-transfer agents reveals some of the requirements and guidelines for successful catalysis. Following these rules of switch catalysis with multiple monomer additions allows the preparation of multiblock polymers of the form (ABA)n up to 15 blocks. Overall, this switchable catalysis delivers polyols in a straightforward and highly controlled manner. As proof of potential for the materials, methods to post-functionalize and/or couple the polyols to make higher polymers are demonstrated. Multiblock oxygenated polyols often show better properties than the constituent polyols, but their synthesis can be complex and difficult. Here a switchable catalysis concept is described which allows for the efficient preparation of multiblock poly(ether-b-ester) materials starting from mixtures of common monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Stößer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Gregory S Sulley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Georgina L Gregory
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Charlotte K Williams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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13
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Shibata M, Sugane K, Yanagisawa Y. Biobased polymer networks by the thiol-ene photopolymerization of allylated p-coumaric and caffeic acids. Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-018-0165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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14
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Wang Y, Darensbourg DJ. Carbon dioxide-based functional polycarbonates: Metal catalyzed copolymerization of CO2 and epoxides. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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15
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Stößer T, Williams CK. Selective Polymerization Catalysis from Monomer Mixtures: Using a Commercial Cr-Salen Catalyst To Access ABA Block Polyesters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:6337-6341. [PMID: 29518288 PMCID: PMC6391957 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABA triblock polyesters are synthesized using a commercially available chromium salen catalyst, in one pot, from monomer mixtures comprising epoxide, anhydride and lactone. The catalysis is highly selective and applies a single catalyst in two distinct pathways. It occurs first by epoxide/anhydride ring-opening copolymerization and subsequently by lactone ring-opening polymerization. It is used to produce various new ABA polyester polyols; these polyols can undergo post-functionalization and chain-extension reactions. The ability to use a commercial catalyst and switchable catalysis with monomer mixtures is expected to facilitate future explorations of new classes of block polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Stößer
- Department of ChemistryOxford UniversityChemical Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Charlotte K. Williams
- Department of ChemistryOxford UniversityChemical Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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16
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Bantchev GB, Vermillion KE, Lansing JC, Biresaw G. Heat- and light-induced thiol-ene oligomerization of soybean oil-based polymercaptan. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grigor B. Bantchev
- Bio-oils Research Unit; National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University Street; Peoria Illinois 61604
| | - Karl E. Vermillion
- Functional Food Research Unit; National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University Street; Peoria Illinois 61604
| | - James C. Lansing
- Bio-oils Research Unit; National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University Street; Peoria Illinois 61604
| | - Girma Biresaw
- Bio-oils Research Unit; National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University Street; Peoria Illinois 61604
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17
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Stößer T, Williams CK. Selektive Katalyse für Polymerisationen mit Monomermischungen: Verwendung eines kommerziellen Cr‐Salen‐Katalysators zur Herstellung von ABA‐Blockpolyestern. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Stößer
- Department of Chemistry Oxford University Chemical Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Charlotte K. Williams
- Department of Chemistry Oxford University Chemical Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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18
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Farmer TJ, Comerford JW, Pellis A, Robert T. Post-polymerization modification of bio-based polymers: maximizing the high functionality of polymers derived from biomass. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Farmer
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington UK
| | - James W Comerford
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington UK
| | - Alessandro Pellis
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry; University of York; Heslington UK
| | - Tobias Robert
- Fraunhofer Institute for Wood Research - Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut WKI, Bienroder Weg 54E; Braunschweig Germany
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19
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Bio-based polymer networks by thiol-ene photopolymerization of allylated l-glutamic acids and l-tyrosines. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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20
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Gunam Resul MFM, López Fernández AM, Rehman A, Harvey AP. Development of a selective, solvent-free epoxidation of limonene using hydrogen peroxide and a tungsten-based catalyst. REACT CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00094h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic and modelling of the highly selective epoxidation of limonene with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in a solvent-free environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abdul Rehman
- School of Engineering
- Newcastle University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
| | - Adam P. Harvey
- School of Engineering
- Newcastle University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
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