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Shah MZ, Rotich NC, Okorafor EA, Oestreicher Z, Demidovich G, Eapen J, Henoch Q, Kilbey J, Prempeh G, Bates A, Page RC, Lorigan GA, Konkolewicz D. Vinyl Ether Maleic Acid Polymers: Tunable Polymers for Self-Assembled Lipid Nanodiscs and Environments for Membrane Proteins. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:6611-6623. [PMID: 39283997 PMCID: PMC11473226 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Native lipid bilayer mimetics, including those that use amphiphilic polymers, are important for the effective study of membrane-bound peptides and proteins. Copolymers of vinyl ether monomers and maleic anhydride were developed with controlled molecular weights and hydrophobicity through reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization. After polymerization, the maleic anhydride units can be hydrolyzed, giving dicarboxylates. The vinyl ether and maleic anhydride copolymerized in a close to alternating manner, giving essentially alternating hydrophilic maleic acid units and hydrophobic vinyl ether units along the backbone after hydrolysis. The vinyl ether monomers and maleic acid polymers self-assembled with lipids, giving vinyl ether maleic acid lipid particles (VEMALPs) with tunable sizes controlled by either the vinyl ether hydrophobicity or the polymer molecular weight. These VEMALPs were able to support membrane-bound proteins and peptides, creating a new class of lipid bilayer mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zeeshan Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Nancy C. Rotich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Evelyn A. Okorafor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Zachery Oestreicher
- Center for Advanced Microscopy and Imaging, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Gabrielle Demidovich
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Jeremy Eapen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Quinton Henoch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Julia Kilbey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Godfred Prempeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Alison Bates
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Richard C. Page
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Gary A. Lorigan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
| | - Dominik Konkolewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Miami University, 651 E High St, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA
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