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Zarach Z, Trzciński K, Łapiński M, Lisowska-Oleksiak A, Szkoda M. Improving the Performance of a Graphite Foil/Polyaniline Electrode Material by a Thin PEDOT:PSS Layer for Application in Flexible, High Power Supercapacitors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E5791. [PMID: 33353044 PMCID: PMC7766753 DOI: 10.3390/ma13245791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a novel strategy for enhancing polyaniline stability and thus obtaining an electrode material with practical application in supercapacitors. A promising (graphite foil/polyaniline/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) GF/PANI/PEDOT:PSS) electrode material was characterized and used in the construction of a symmetric supercapacitor that provides an outstanding high power density. For this purpose, the electropolymerization of PANI was carried out on a graphite foil and then a thin protective layer of PEDOT:PSS was deposited. The presence of the nanometer PEDOT:PSS layer made it possible to widen the electroactivity potential range of the electrode material. Moreover, the synergy between materials positively affected the amount of accumulated charge, and thus the thin PEDOT:PSS layer contributed to enhancing the specific capacity of the electrode material. The electrochemical performance of the GF/PANI/PEDOT:PSS electrode, as well as the symmetrical supercapacitor, was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycles in 1 M H2SO4 at room temperature. The fabricated electrode material shows a high specific capacitance (Csp) of 557.4 Fg-1 and areal capacitance (Careal) of 2600 mF·cm-2 in 1 M H2SO4 at a current density of 200 mA·cm-2 (~4 A·g-1). The supercapacitor performance was studied and the results show that a thin PEDOT:PSS layer enables cycling stability improvement of the device from 54% to 67% after 10,000 cycles, and provides a high specific capacity (159.8 F·g-1) and a maximum specific power (18,043 W·kg-1) for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Zarach
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.T.); (A.L.-O.)
| | - Konrad Trzciński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.T.); (A.L.-O.)
| | - Marcin Łapiński
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Anna Lisowska-Oleksiak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.T.); (A.L.-O.)
| | - Mariusz Szkoda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (K.T.); (A.L.-O.)
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Salar-Garcia M, Montilla F, Quijada C, Morallon E, Ieropoulos I. Improving the power performance of urine-fed microbial fuel cells using PEDOT-PSS modified anodes. APPLIED ENERGY 2020; 278:115528. [PMID: 33311834 PMCID: PMC7722509 DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The need for improving the energy harvesting from Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) has boosted the design of new materials in order to increase the power performance of this technology and facilitate its practical application. According to this approach, in this work different poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT-PSS) modified electrodes have been synthesised and evaluated as anodes in urine-fed MFCs. The electrochemical synthesis of PEDOT-PSS was performed by potentiostatic step experiments from aqueous solution at a fixed potential of 1.80 V (vs. a reversible hydrogen electrode) for different times: 30, 60, 120 and 240 s. Compared with other methods, this technique allowed us not only to reduce the processing time of the electrodes but also better control of the chemical composition of the deposited polymer and therefore, obtain more efficient polymer films. All modified anodes outperformed the maximum power output by MFCs working with the bare carbon veil electrode but the maximum value was observed when MFCs were working with the PEDOT-PSS based anode obtained after 30 s of electropolymerisation (535.1 µW). This value was 24.3% higher than using the bare carbon veil electrode. Moreover, the functionality of the PEDOT-PSS anodes was reported over 90 days working in continuous mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.J. Salar-Garcia
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, BS16 1QY Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - F. Montilla
- Departamento de Química Física e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Crtra. San Vicente s/n 03690, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - C. Quijada
- Departamento de Ingeniería Textil y Papelera, Universitat Politècnica de València, Pza Ferrandiz y Carbonell, E-03801 Alcoy, Alicante, Spain
| | - E. Morallon
- Departamento de Química Física e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Crtra. San Vicente s/n 03690, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - I. Ieropoulos
- Bristol BioEnergy Centre, Bristol Robotics Laboratory, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, BS16 1QY Bristol, United Kingdom
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Preparation and Characterization of Montmorillonite/PEDOT-PSS and Diatomite/PEDOT-PSS Hybrid Materials. Study of Electrochemical Properties in Acid Medium. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs4020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The hybridization of clay minerals with conducting polymers receives great interest for different potential applications, including environmental remediation. This work studies and compares the electrochemical properties of two different clays, montmorillonite (Mont) and diatomite (Diat), and their respective clay/PEDOT-PSS hybrid materials in H2SO4 medium. The hybrid materials were prepared by electropolymerization of EDOT in the presence of PSS. The physico-chemical and electrochemical properties of both clays were analyzed by different techniques, and the influence of the clay properties on electropolymerization and the electroactivity of the resulting clay/PEDOT-PSS hybrids was investigated. Specifically, the Fe2+/Fe3+ redox probe and the oxidation of diclofenac, as a model pharmaceutical emerging pollutant, were used to test the electron transfer capability and oxidative response, respectively, of the clay/PEDOT-PSS hybrids. The results demonstrate that, despite its low electrical conductivity, the Mont is an electroactive material itself with good electron-transfer capability. Conversely, the Diat shows no electroactivity. The hybridization with PEDOT generally enhances the electroactivity of the clays, but the clay properties affect the electropolymerization efficiency and hybrids electroactivity, so the Mont/PEDOT displays improved electrochemical properties. It is demonstrated that clay/PEDOT-PSS hybrids exhibit diclofenac oxidation capability and diclofenac concentration sensitivity.
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Djelad H, Benyoucef A, Morallón E, Montilla F. Reactive Insertion of PEDOT-PSS in SWCNT@Silica Composites and its Electrochemical Performance. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E1200. [PMID: 32155965 PMCID: PMC7085076 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid silica-modified materials were synthesized on glassy carbon (GC) electrodes by electroassisted deposition of sol-gel precursors. Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were dispersed in a silica matrix (SWCNT@SiO2) to enhance the electrochemical performance of an inorganic matrix. The electrochemical behavior of the composite electrodes was tested against the ferrocene redox probe. The SWCNT@SiO2 presents an improvement in the electrochemical performance towards ferrocene. The heterogeneous rate constant of the SWCNT@SiO2 can be enhanced by the insertion of poly(3,4-Ethylendioxythiophene)-poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) PEDOT-PSS within the silica matrix, and this composite was synthesized successfully by reactive electrochemical polymerization of the precursor EDOT in aqueous solution. The SWCNT@SiO2-PEDOT-PSS composite electrodes showed a heterogeneous rate constant more than three times higher than the electrode without conducting polymer. Similarly, the electroactive area was also enhanced to more than twice the area of SWCNT@SiO2-modified electrodes. The morphology of the sample films was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Halima Djelad
- Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Eau, University of Mascara, Bp 763 Mascara 29000, Algeria; (H.D.); (A.B.)
- Departamento de Química Física e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Abdelghani Benyoucef
- Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Eau, University of Mascara, Bp 763 Mascara 29000, Algeria; (H.D.); (A.B.)
| | - Emilia Morallón
- Departamento de Química Física e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Francisco Montilla
- Departamento de Química Física e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain;
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Gupta S, Patra A. Facile polymerization method for poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and related polymers using iodine vapour. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03923f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple polymerization at room temperature using iodine vapour for preparation of PEDOT and PProDOT and their soluble derivatives in neat form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Gupta
- Photovoltaic Metrology Section
- Advanced Materials & Device Metrology Division
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory
- Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg
- India
| | - Asit Patra
- Photovoltaic Metrology Section
- Advanced Materials & Device Metrology Division
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory
- Dr K. S. Krishnan Marg
- India
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Laskowski Ł, Laskowska M, Vila N, Schabikowski M, Walcarius A. Mesoporous Silica-Based Materials for Electronics-Oriented Applications. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132395. [PMID: 31261814 PMCID: PMC6651352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronics, and nanoelectronics in particular, represent one of the most promising branches of technology. The search for novel and more efficient materials seems to be natural here. Thus far, silicon-based devices have been monopolizing this domain. Indeed, it is justified since it allows for significant miniaturization of electronic elements by their densification in integrated circuits. Nevertheless, silicon has some restrictions. Since this material is applied in the bulk form, the miniaturization limit seems to be already reached. Moreover, smaller silicon-based elements (mainly processors) need much more energy and generate significantly more heat than their larger counterparts. In our opinion, the future belongs to nanostructured materials where a proper structure is obtained by means of bottom-up nanotechnology. A great example of a material utilizing nanostructuring is mesoporous silica, which, due to its outstanding properties, can find numerous applications in electronic devices. This focused review is devoted to the application of porous silica-based materials in electronics. We guide the reader through the development and most crucial findings of porous silica from its first synthesis in 1992 to the present. The article describes constant struggle of researchers to find better solutions to supercapacitors, lower the k value or redox-active hybrids while maintaining robust mechanical properties. Finally, the last section refers to ultra-modern applications of silica such as molecular artificial neural networks or super-dense magnetic memory storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Laskowski
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Laskowska
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Neus Vila
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 405 rue de Vandoeuvre, 54600 Villers-les-Nancy, France
| | - Mateusz Schabikowski
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland
| | - Alain Walcarius
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l'Environnement (LCPME), UMR 7564 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 405 rue de Vandoeuvre, 54600 Villers-les-Nancy, France
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