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Chen X, Yang H, Zhang L, Li Z, Xue Y, Wang R, Fan X, Sun S. Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2023; 16:97. [PMID: 37291654 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-023-02355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignin played an important role in the establishment of coated fertilizers coating material as a substitute for petrochemical raw materials. However, so far, the lignin-based coated fertilizers was limited in only the poor slow-release performance. To achieve good slow-release performance of lignin-based coated fertilizers, hydrophilic of lignin need to be resolved to establish an green and better controllable lignin-based coated fertilizers. RESULTS In the study, a novel green double layer coating with lignin-based polyurethane (LPU) as the inner coating and epoxy resin (EP) as the outer coating was effectively constructed for coated urea. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that lignin and polycaprolactone diol successfully reacted with Hexamethylene diisocyanate. The loss weight and water contact angle (WCA, 75.6-63.6°) of the LPUs decreased with the increased lignin content. The average particle hardness of the lignin-based double-layer coated urea (LDCU) first increased from 58.1 N (lignin of 30%) to 67.0 N (lignin of 60%), but then decreased to 62.3 N (lignin of 70%). The release longevity of the coated urea was closely related to the preparation parameters of the coating material. The optimal cumulative nutrient release rate (79.4%) of LDCU was obtained (lignin of 50%, -CNO/-OH molar ratios of 1.15, EP of 35%, and coating ratio of 5%). The aggregates of hydrone on the LDCU caused the dissolution and swelling of nutrients, and then the diffusion of nutrients through the concentration gradient. CONCLUSIONS A though the nutrient release of the LDCUs was affected by many factors, the successful development of the LDCUs will help improve the rapid development of the coated fertilizer industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Huchen Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Lidan Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongli Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunna Xue
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongfeng Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolin Fan
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaolong Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
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Reduced nutrient release and greenhouse gas emissions of lignin-based coated urea by synergy of carbon black and polysiloxane. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123334. [PMID: 36682667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
An advanced hydrophobic lignin-based polyurethane coated urea (HLPCU) was successfully developed by synergy of carbon black (CB) and polysiloxane. In this work, CB and polysiloxane were employed to modify the liquefied lignin-based polyurethane (LLPU) and improve it's the hydrophobicity. The effects of polysiloxane contents and coating rates on the nutrient release of HLPCU were thoroughly investigated. The lignin was degraded into polyol with a low molecular weight. FT-IR, XPS and EDX results confirmed that polysiloxane was grafted to the LLPU. The water contact angle (WCA) of the HLPUs (89.39°-98.68°) gradually increased as the polysiloxane content rose (5 %-15 %). However, when the polysiloxane content further increased to 20 %, the WCA of the HLPUs rapidly declined (90.82°). A proper amount of polysiloxane molecules could increase thermo-physical properties of LLPU. The almost no pores were observed on the section micrograph of the HLPCU obtained by synergy of CB and polysiloxane. Synergy between CB and polysiloxane could significantly improve hydrophobicity and then enhance N release longevity of HLPCU (polysiloxane content of 15 %, coating rates of 7 %) up to 44 days. Compared to traditional urea, HLPCU could improve total N use efficiency the cabbage. The HLPCU and HLPCU85 treatments (15 % weight loss with fertilization) reduced the greenhouse effect of N2O, CO2 and CH4 and finally reduced GWP, especially for HLPCU85 treatment. This work will supply an advanced approach and process technology for progress of HLPCU and sustainable agriculture.
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Lu H, Dun C, Jariwala H, Wang R, Cui P, Zhang H, Dai Q, Yang S, Zhang H. Improvement of bio-based polyurethane and its optimal application in controlled release fertilizer. J Control Release 2022; 350:748-760. [PMID: 36030990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past decades, polyurethane has emerged as a new material that has been widely developed and applied in coated controlled release fertilizers (CRFs). Particularly in recent years, the excessive consumption of petroleum resources and increasing demand for sustainable development have resulted in considerable interest in bio-based polyurethane coated controlled-release fertilizers. This review article focuses on the application and progress of environmentally friendly bio-based materials in the polyurethane-coated CRF industry. We also explore prospects for the green and sustainable development of coated CRFs. Using animal and plant oils, starch, lignin, and cellulose as raw materials, polyols can be produced by physical, chemical, and biological means to replace petroleum-based materials and polyurethane film coating for CRFs can be prepared. Various modifications can also improve the hydrophobicity and degradability of polyurethane film. A growing body of research on bio-based polyurethane has revealed its great potential in the production and application of coated CRFs. The purpose of this review is to highlight the practicality of bio-based materials in the application of polyurethane-coated CRFs and to clarify their current limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-alkali Lands), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Canping Dun
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Hiral Jariwala
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Peiyuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Qigen Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-alkali Lands), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P.R. China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Hongcheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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Yuan S, Cheng L, Tan Z. Characteristics and preparation of oil-coated fertilizers: A review. J Control Release 2022; 345:675-684. [PMID: 35339580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
As the slow-release fertilizer, oil-coated fertilizer can not only slow down the nutrients loss, but also have outstanding advantages in controlling the nutrients release. Based on a large number of literature, this paper systematically investigated the composition, classification, properties and preparation of oil-coated fertilizers, summarizes the challenges faced by the oil-coated fertilizers and offers a few suggestions for the future research. Through literature research, some important conclusions were found: (1) Oil-coated fertilizers are generally composed of core fertilizers and coated oil layers, and some have active interlayers. (2) Vegetable oils has the characteristics of easy degradation, water resistance and impact resistance, and the nutrient release curves of vegetable oil coated fertilizer in soil and still water are "S" type. (3) The modified polyurethane exhibits good compatibility with urea, and can control the release of N in a long period of time, which is 30 days longer than the N release life of ordinary polyurethane-coated fertilizers. (4) Oil-coated fertilizers can reduce the loss of N by slowing down the hydrolysis rate of urea and the nitrification from NH4+ to NO3-, which reduces the N2O release by 70-80% compared to the uncoated fertilizers. Moreover, the paper also proposes a new preparation method of oil-coated material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Yuan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Lion Hill Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Cheng
- Changjiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research CO., LTD, No. 1863, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430010, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongxin Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Lion Hill Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Li L, Wang M, Wu X, Yi W, Xiao Q. Bio-based polyurethane nanocomposite thin coatings from two comparable POSS with eight same vertex groups for controlled release urea. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9917. [PMID: 33972621 PMCID: PMC8110765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocomposite modification has attracted much attention in improving properties of bio-based polymer coating material for coated fertilizer. Herein two comparable polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), with eight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and octaphenyl groups attached to the cage, respectively, were successfully incorporated into thin castor oil-based polyurethane coatings via in-situ polymerization on the urea surface. The nanostructure coatings are environmentally friendly, easy to prepare, and property-tunable. The results show that the vertex group of POSS had a pronounced influence on dispersion level and interaction between polyurethane and POSS that well-tuned the release pattern and period of coated urea, even at the coating rate as low as of 2 wt%. The liquid POSS with long and flexible PEG groups had better compatibility and dispersibility in polyurethane matrix than the solid POSS with rigid octaphenyl groups, as evidenced by SEM/EDS. The unique properties were resulted from the different extents of physical crosslinkings. This modification of bio-based polyurethane coating with POSS provided an alternative method of regulating and controlling the properties of coated fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Li
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China ,Research Center of Beijing Municipal Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers Engineering Technology, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Meng Wang
- grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 China
| | - Xiandong Wu
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China ,grid.412017.10000 0001 0266 8918School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001 China
| | - Wenping Yi
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China ,Research Center of Beijing Municipal Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers Engineering Technology, Beijing, 100097 China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- grid.418260.90000 0004 0646 9053Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097 China ,Research Center of Beijing Municipal Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers Engineering Technology, Beijing, 100097 China
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