1
|
Wang B, Xu XJ, Fu Y, Ren B, Yang XD, Yang HY. A tumor-targeted and enzyme-responsive gold nanorod-based nanoplatform with facilitated endo-lysosomal escape for synergetic photothermal therapy and protein therapy. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2120-2130. [PMID: 38180436 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03305h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
To tackle the obstacles related to tumor targeting and overcome the limitations of single treatment models, we have developed a nanoplatform that is both tumor-targeted and enzyme-responsive. This nanoplatform integrates photothermal gold nanorods (AuNRs) and protein drugs into a single system. This nanosystem, known as AuNRs@HA-mPEG-Deta-LA, was fabricated by modifying gold nanorods (AuNRs) with a polymeric ligand called hyaluronic acid-grafted-(mPEG/diethylenetriamine-conjugated-lipoic acid). The purpose of this fabrication was to load cytochrome c (CC) and utilize it for the synergetic protein-photothermal therapy of cancer. The resulting nanoplatform exhibited a high efficiency in loading proteins and demonstrated excellent stability in different biological environments. Additionally, CC-loaded AuNRs@HA-mPEG-Deta-LA not only enabled localized hyperthermia for photothermal therapy (PTT) with laser irradiation but also facilitated the release of CC under the action of hyaluronidase, an enzyme known to be overexpressed in tumor cells. The confocal imaging results demonstrated that the presence of a specific polymeric ligand on this nanoparticle enhances the internalization of CD44-positive cancer cells, accelerates endo/lysosomal escape, and facilitates the controlled release of CC within the cells. Furthermore, the results of the MTT assay also showed that AuNRs@HA-mPEG-Deta-LA as a protein nanocarrier demonstrated excellent biocompatibility. Importantly, this synergistic therapeutic strategy effectively induced apoptosis in A549 cancer cells by increasing the intracellular concentration of CC and utilizing the photothermal conversion of AuNRs, which was observed to be more effective compared to using only protein therapy or PTT. Therefore, this study showcased a nanoplatform based on AuNRs that has great potential for tumor-targeted protein delivery in combination with PTT in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Straw-Based Functional Materials, Institute for Interdisciplinary Biomass Functional Materials Studies, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130052, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Jun Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Yan Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Bo Ren
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Straw-Based Functional Materials, Institute for Interdisciplinary Biomass Functional Materials Studies, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130052, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao Dong Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Straw-Based Functional Materials, Institute for Interdisciplinary Biomass Functional Materials Studies, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun 130052, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Yu Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar N, Singh S, Sharma P, Kumar B, Kumar A. Single-, Dual-, and Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Nanogels for Biomedical Applications. Gels 2024; 10:61. [PMID: 38247784 PMCID: PMC10815403 DOI: 10.3390/gels10010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, stimuli-responsive nanogels that can undergo suitable transitions under endogenous (e.g., pH, enzymes and reduction) or exogenous stimuli (e.g., temperature, light, and magnetic fields) for on-demand drug delivery, have received significant interest in biomedical fields, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, wound healing, and gene therapy due to their unique environment-sensitive properties. Furthermore, these nanogels have become very popular due to some of their special properties such as good hydrophilicity, high drug loading efficiency, flexibility, and excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this article, the authors discuss current developments in the synthesis, properties, and biomedical applications of stimulus-responsive nanogels. In addition, the opportunities and challenges of nanogels for biomedical applications are also briefly predicted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, S.D. College Muzaffarnagar, Muzaffarnagar 251001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sauraj Singh
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - Piyush Sharma
- Department of Zoology, S.D. College Muzaffarnagar, Muzaffarnagar 251001, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Bijender Kumar
- Creative Research Center for Nanocellulose Future Composites, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea;
| | - Anuj Kumar
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Myint SS, Laomeephol C, Thamnium S, Chamni S, Luckanagul JA. Hyaluronic Acid Nanogels: A Promising Platform for Therapeutic and Theranostic Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2671. [PMID: 38140012 PMCID: PMC10747897 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) nanogels are a versatile class of nanomaterials with specific properties, such as biocompatibility, hygroscopicity, and biodegradability. HA nanogels exhibit excellent colloidal stability and high encapsulation capacity, making them promising tools for a wide range of biomedical applications. HA nanogels can be fabricated using various methods, including polyelectrolyte complexation, self-assembly, and chemical crosslinking. The fabrication parameters can be tailored to control the physicochemical properties of HA nanogels, such as size, shape, surface charge, and porosity, enabling the rational design of HA nanogels for specific applications. Stimulus-responsive nanogels are a type of HA nanogels that can respond to external stimuli, such as pH, temperature, enzyme, and redox potential. This property allows the controlled release of encapsulated therapeutic agents in response to specific physiological conditions. HA nanogels can be engineered to encapsulate a variety of therapeutic agents, such as conventional drugs, genes, and proteins. They can then be delivered to target tissues with high efficiency. HA nanogels are still under development, but they have the potential to become powerful tools for a wide range of theranostic or solely therapeutic applications, including anticancer therapy, gene therapy, drug delivery, and bioimaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Sundee Myint
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (S.S.M.); (S.C.)
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Chavee Laomeephol
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterial Engineering in Medical and Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirikool Thamnium
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Supakarn Chamni
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (S.S.M.); (S.C.)
- Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jittima Amie Luckanagul
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Center of Excellence in Biomaterial Engineering in Medical and Health, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Plant-Produced Pharmaceuticals, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang HY, Jang MS, Sun XS, Liu CL, Lee JH, Li Y, Fu Y. CD44-mediated tumor homing of hyaluronic acid nanogels for hypoxia-activated photodynamic therapy against tumor. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 228:113395. [PMID: 37327654 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, unique hypoxia-activated hyaluronic acid nanogels (HANGs) were reported for CD44-targeted delivery of photosensitizers (chlorin e6, Ce6) for diagnostic imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancers. Through the use of a hypoxia-responsive cross-linker (AZO-CDI), the HANGs were prepared by chemically cross-linking primary amine groups-functionalized hyaluronic acid (HA). Under normoxic condition, fluorescence of Ce6 conjugated on the HANGs was highly quenched, and level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from the HANGs was rather low after laser irradiation. However, under hypoxic condition, the HANGs underwent rapid disassociation, and fluorescence of Ce6 conjugated on the HANGs was recovered, triggering high-level singlet oxygen generation after laser irradiation. Due to the presence of HA, the HANGs showed much higher cellular uptake by CD44-positive cancer cells (A549 cells) than that by CD44-negative cancer cells (HepG2 cells). In addition, the HANGs could generate higher level of ROS in A549 cells because of improved cancer cell uptake. This excellent tumor-targeting and singlet oxygen-generating ability of the HANGs was favorable to hypoxia-activated PDT of CD44-positive cancers with significant inhibition of tumor growth within the whole treatment period. Taken together, the HANGs are safe and effective tools in treating CD44-positive cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Moon-Sun Jang
- School of Medicine and Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Shun Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Chang Ling Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- School of Medicine and Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yi Li
- College of Materials and Textile Engineering & Nanotechnology Research Institute (NRI), Jiaxing University, Jiaxing City 314001, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Yan Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kong L, Zhu J, Su H, Zhao L, Lu Y, Zhu M, Sun W. Phenylboronic acid conjugated multifunctional nanogels with 131I-labeling for targeted SPECT imaging and radiotherapy of breast adenocarcinoma. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:973141. [PMID: 35957646 PMCID: PMC9359430 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.973141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a new 131I-labeling functional platform for targeted single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging and radiotherapy of breast adenocarcinoma. In this study, polyethyleneimine (PEI) based nanogels (P.NH2 NGs) were prepared by water/oil polymerization, modified with targeted agent phenylboronic acid (PBA), and labeled with radionuclide 131I. The NGs without 131I-labeling own a spherical structure, uniform size distribution, and good cell viability. After 131I-labeling, the obtained 131I-PBA-PHP NGs displayed much higher cellular uptake than the non-targeted NGs due to the good softness and fluidity of NGs and the PBA targeting. The in vivo results demonstrated that 131I-PBA-PHP NGs could specifically target breast cancer cells and efficiently aggregate into xenograft breast adenocarcinoma for tumor SPECT imaging and specific radiotherapy. The developed 131I-labeling NGs may be used as a promising platform for efficient radioactive theranostic nanoplatform of tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingdan Kong
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxing Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingzhou Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Yi Lu, ; Meilin Zhu, ; Wenjie Sun,
| | - Meilin Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Lu, ; Meilin Zhu, ; Wenjie Sun,
| | - Wenjie Sun
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Lu, ; Meilin Zhu, ; Wenjie Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang HY, Jang MS, Li Y, Du JM, Liu C, Lee JH, Fu Y. pH-responsive dynamically cross-linked nanogels with effective endo-lysosomal escape for synergetic cancer therapy based on intracellular co-delivery of photosensitizers and proteins. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112638. [PMID: 35772354 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Co-delivery of photosensitizers (PSs) and protein drugs represents great potentiality for enhancing the efficiency of synergistic cancer therapy. However, the intricate tumor-microenvironment and the lack of nanoplatforms to co-deliver both into cancer cells and activate their functions significantly hinder the clinical translation of this combined approach for cancer treatment. Herein, a chlorine e6 (Ce6)-functionalized and pH-responsive dynamically cross-linked nanogel (Ce6@NG) is fabricated by formation of benzoic imine linkages between Ce6-modified methoxy poly (ethyleneglycol)-block-poly (diethylenetriamine)-L-glutamate-Ce6 [MPEG-b-P(Deta)LG-Ce6] and terephthalaldehyde as cross-linkers for effective intracellular co-delivery of Ce6 and cytochrome c (CC), which could form a novel combination therapy system (CC/Ce6@NGs). The pH-sensitive benzoic imine bonds in the CC/Ce6@NGs endow them with excellent systemic stability under normal physiological environment while this nanosystem can be further cationized to enhance cell uptake in acidic extracellular environment. Upon cellular internalization, CC/Ce6@NGs can rapidly escape from the endo/lysosomal compartments and subsequently activate Ce6 to generate cytotoxic singlet oxygen upon laser irradiation and release of CC to induce programmed cell death by complete cleavage of benzoic imines at more acidic intracellular environments. Importantly, the catalase-like activity of CC can decompose H2O2 to produce O2 for hypoxia alleviation and improvement of the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. Moreover, this enhanced synergistic anticancer activity is confirmed both in vitro and in vivo. In view of the versatile chemical conjugation, this research offers a promising and smart nanosystem for intracellular co-delivery of PSs and therapeutic proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, PR China.
| | - Moon-Sun Jang
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 06351, the Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Li
- College of Materials and Textile Engineering & Nanotechnology Research Institute (NRI), Jiaxing University, Jiaxing City 314001, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jia Meng Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Changling Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 06351, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Yan Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, Jilin Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fu Y, Jang MS, Liu C, Lee JH, Li Y, Yang HY. Hypoxia-responsive hyaluronic acid nanogels with improved endo/lysosomal escape ability for tumor-targeted cytochrome c delivery. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
8
|
Kaewruethai T, Laomeephol C, Pan Y, Luckanagul JA. Multifunctional Polymeric Nanogels for Biomedical Applications. Gels 2021; 7:228. [PMID: 34842728 PMCID: PMC8628665 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, research in nanoparticles as a drug delivery system has broadened to include their use as a delivery system for bioactive substances and a diagnostic or theranostic system. Nanogels, nanoparticles containing a high amount of water, have gained attention due to their advantages of colloidal stability, core-shell structure, and adjustable structural components. These advantages provide the potential to design and fabricate multifunctional nanosystems for various biomedical applications. Modified or functionalized polymers and some metals are components that markedly enhance the features of the nanogels, such as tunable amphiphilicity, biocompatibility, stimuli-responsiveness, or sensing moieties, leading to specificity, stability, and tracking abilities. Here, we review the diverse designs of core-shell structure nanogels along with studies on the fabrication and demonstration of the responsiveness of nanogels to different stimuli, temperature, pH, reductive environment, or radiation. Furthermore, additional biomedical applications are presented to illustrate the versatility of the nanogels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tisana Kaewruethai
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (T.K.); (C.L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chavee Laomeephol
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (T.K.); (C.L.)
- Biomaterial Engineering for Medical and Health Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Yue Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China;
| | - Jittima Amie Luckanagul
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (T.K.); (C.L.)
- Biomaterial Engineering for Medical and Health Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Polo Fonseca L, Felisberti MI. Thermo- and UV-responsive amphiphilic nanogels via reversible [4+4] photocycloaddition of PEG/PCL-based polyurethane dispersions. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
10
|
Hu X, Jazani AM, Oh JK. Recent advances in development of imine-based acid-degradable polymeric nanoassemblies for intracellular drug delivery. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
11
|
Tehrani Fateh S, Moradi L, Kohan E, Hamblin MR, Shiralizadeh Dezfuli A. Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 12:808-862. [PMID: 34476167 PMCID: PMC8372309 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.12.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The field of theranostics has been rapidly growing in recent years and nanotechnology has played a major role in this growth. Nanomaterials can be constructed to respond to a variety of different stimuli which can be internal (enzyme activity, redox potential, pH changes, temperature changes) or external (light, heat, magnetic fields, ultrasound). Theranostic nanomaterials can respond by producing an imaging signal and/or a therapeutic effect, which frequently involves cell death. Since ultrasound (US) is already well established as a clinical imaging modality, it is attractive to combine it with rationally designed nanoparticles for theranostics. The mechanisms of US interactions include cavitation microbubbles (MBs), acoustic droplet vaporization, acoustic radiation force, localized thermal effects, reactive oxygen species generation, sonoluminescence, and sonoporation. These effects can result in the release of encapsulated drugs or genes at the site of interest as well as cell death and considerable image enhancement. The present review discusses US-responsive theranostic nanomaterials under the following categories: MBs, micelles, liposomes (conventional and echogenic), niosomes, nanoemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, chitosan nanocapsules, dendrimers, hydrogels, nanogels, gold nanoparticles, titania nanostructures, carbon nanostructures, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, fuel-free nano/micromotors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepand Tehrani Fateh
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Lida Moradi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elmira Kohan
- Department of Science, University of Kurdistan, Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang HY, Meng Du J, Jang MS, Mo XW, Sun XS, Lee DS, Lee JH, Fu Y. CD44-Targeted and Enzyme-Responsive Photo-Cross-Linked Nanogels with Enhanced Stability for In Vivo Protein Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3590-3600. [PMID: 34286578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges of the protein delivery system is to realize stable and high protein encapsulation efficiency in blood circulation and rapid release of protein in the targeted tumor cells. To overcome these hurdles, we fabricated enzyme-responsive photo-cross-linked nanogels (EPNGs) through UV-triggered chemical cross-linking of cinnamyloxy groups in the side chain of PEGylation hyaluronic acid (HA) for CD44-targeted transport of cytochrome c (CC). The EPNGs showed high loading efficiency and excellent stability in different biological media. Notably, CC leakage effectively suppressed under physiological conditions but accelerated release in the presence of hyaluronidase, an overexpressed enzyme in tumor cells. Moreover, thiazolylblue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) results indicated that the vacant EPNGs showed excellent nontoxicity, while CC-loaded EPNGs exhibited higher killing efficiency to CD44-positive A549 cells than to CD44-negative HepG2 cells and free CC. Confocal images confirmed that CC-loaded EPNGs could effectively be internalized by CD44-mediated endocytosis pathway and rapidly escape from the endo/lysosomal compartment. Human lung tumor-bearing mice imaging assays further revealed that CC-loaded EPNGs actively target tumor locations. Remarkably, CC-loaded EPNGs also exhibited enhanced antitumor activity with negligible systemic toxicity. These results implied that these EPNGs have appeared as stable and promising nanocarriers for tumor-targeting protein delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, P. R. China
| | - Jia Meng Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, P. R. China
| | - Moon-Sun Jang
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Wang Mo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, P. R. China
| | - Xin Shun Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, P. R. China
| | - Doo Sung Lee
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li Q, Fu D, Zhang J, Li T, Wang H, Hou W, Niu B, Guo R, Liu Y. Poly(aspartic acid)-based pH-responsive targeting co-delivery nanoparticles. J Biomater Appl 2021; 36:579-591. [PMID: 33509034 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220988071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Encapsulation of therapeutic molecules into nanocarrier is an extensively explored strategy to treat cancer more effectively. In this study, pH-responsive targeting dual-agent delivery nanoparticles were prepared, into which hydrophilic doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and hydrophobic curcumin (CUR) were entrapped. Tyrosine (Tyr) was grafted onto poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) to produce PASP-Tyr, the following reaction between hyaluronic acid (HA) and ethylenediamine (EDA) modified PASP-Tyr formed the nanocarrier HA-EDA-PASP-Tyr (HEPT), and the loading capacity was up to 50.9 ± 4.3% for CUR and 26.0 ± 1.9% for DOX. The spherical HEPT with the mean particle size of 142.9 ± 11.4 nm expanded and deformed into petaloid pattern with an increased size of about 2 µm when triggered by the acidic microenvironment. In vitro anticancer activity evaluation revealed that the co-loaded (DOX+CUR)@HEPT nanoparticles presented higher cytotoxicity against HCT-116 cells compared with that of the free combination of (DOX+CUR). Confocal laser scanning microscopy observation indicated that HEPT carrier promoted cellular uptake of drugs by means of active targeting capacity of HA ligand. With high loading capacity and tailored carrier structure, the nanoparticles formulations may offer a new strategy for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dongsheng Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tianyang Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huifang Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenjuan Hou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Baolong Niu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruijie Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Large Apparatus Analysis and Test Centre, Shanxi Academy of Analytical Science, Taiyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Compared to normal tissue, solid tumors exhibit a lower pH value. Such pH gradient can be used to design pH-sensitive nanogels for selective drug delivery. The acid-sensitive elements in the nanogel cause it to swell/degrade rapidly, followed by rapid drug release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- PR. China
| | - Jun Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- PR. China
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- PR. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhao T, Fu Y, Jang MS, Sun XS, Wu T, Lee JH, Li Y, Lee DS, Yang HY. A pH-activated charge convertible quantum dot as a novel nanocarrier for targeted protein delivery and real-time cancer cell imaging. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111449. [PMID: 33255037 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The rapid developments of nanocarriers based on quantum dots (QDs) have been confirmed to show substantial promise for drug delivery and bioimaging. However, optimal QDs-based nanocarriers still need to have their controlled behavior in vitro and in vivo and decrease heavy metal-associated cytotoxicity. Herein, a pH-activated charge convertible QD-based nanocarrier was fabricated by capping multifunctional polypeptide ligands (mPEG-block-poly(ethylenediamine-dihydrolipoic acid-2,3-dimethylmaleic anhydride)-L-glutamate, PEG-P(ED-DLA-DMA)LG) onto the surface of core/multishell CdSe@ZnS/ZnS QD by means of a ligand exchange strategy, followed by uploading of cytochrome C (CC) (CC-loaded QD-PEG-P(ED-DLA-DMA)LG) via electrostatic interactions, in which QDs that were water-soluble and protein-loading were perfectly integrated. That is, the CC-loaded QD-PEG-P(ED-DLA-DMA)LG inherited excellent fluorescence properties from CdSe@ZnS/ZnS QD for real-time imaging, as well as tumor-microenvironment sensitivities from PEG-P(ED-DLA-DMA)LG for enhanced cellular uptake and CC release. Experimental results verified that the QD-PEG-P(ED-DLA-DMA)LG showed enhanced internalization, rapid endo/lysosomal escape, and supplied legible real-time imaging for lung carcinoma cells. Furthermore, pH-triggered charge-convertible ability enabled the QD-PEG-P(ED-DLA-DMA)LG-CC to effectively kill cancer cells better than did the control groups. Hence, constructing smart nanocomposites by facile ligand-exchange strategy is beneficial to QD-based nanocarrier for tumor-targeting cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun City 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Fu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, People's Republic of China
| | - Moon-Sun Jang
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Xin Shun Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, People's Republic of China
| | - Tepeng Wu
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Li
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Sung Lee
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center and School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Yu Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin City 132022, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Intracellular delivery of cytochrome C using hypoxia-responsive polypeptide micelles for efficient cancer therapy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 114:111069. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
17
|
Yang HY, Li Y, Lee DS. Recent Advances of pH‐Induced Charge‐Convertible Polymer‐Mediated Inorganic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000106. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology Jilin Jilin Province 132022 P. R. China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Material and Textile Engineering Jiaxing University Jiaxing Zhejiang 314001 P. R. China
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center and School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Gyeonggi‐do 16419 Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Sung Lee
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center and School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Gyeonggi‐do 16419 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|