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Behrendt F, Gottschaldt M, Schubert US. Surface functionalized cryogels - characterization methods, recent progress in preparation and application. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:4600-4637. [PMID: 39021096 DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00315b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Cryogels are polymeric materials with a sponge-like microstructure and have attracted significant attention in recent decades. Research has focused on their composition, fabrication techniques, characterization methods as well as potential or existing fields of applications. The use of functional precursors or functionalizing ligands enables the preparation of cryogels with desired properties such as biocompatibility or responsivity. They can also exhibit adsorptive properties or can be used for catalytical purposes. Although a very brief overview about several functional (macro-)monomers and functionalizing ligands has been provided by previous reviewers for certain cryogel applications, so far there has been no particular focus on the evaluation of the functionalization success and the characterization methods used. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of different characterization methods most recently used for the evaluation of cryogel functionalization. Furthermore, new functional (macro-)monomers and subsequent cryogel functionalization strategies are discussed, based on synthetic polymers, biopolymers and a combination of both. This review highlights the importance of the functionalization aspect in cryogel research in order to produce materials with tailored properties for certain applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Behrendt
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Gottschaldt
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Balance of the Microverse, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Abbe Center of Photonics (ACP), Albert-Einstein-Straße 6, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Sousa JPM, Deus IA, Monteiro CF, Custódio CA, Stratakis E, Mano JF, Marques PAAP. Comparative analysis of aligned and random amniotic membrane-derived cryogels for neural tissue repair. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:4393-4406. [PMID: 39034884 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00364k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The ordered arrangement of cells and extracellular matrix facilitates the seamless transmission of electrical signals along axons in the spinal cord and peripheral nerves. Therefore, restoring tissue geometry is crucial for neural regeneration. This study presents a novel method using proteins derived from the human amniotic membrane, which is modified with photoresponsive groups, to produce cryogels with aligned porosity. Freeze-casting was used to produce cryogels with longitudinally aligned pores, while cryogels with randomly distributed porosity were used as the control. The cryogels exhibited remarkable injectability and shape-recovery properties, essential for minimally invasive applications. Different tendencies in proliferation and differentiation were evident between aligned and random cryogels, underscoring the significance of the scaffold's microstructure in directing the behaviour of neural stem cells (NSC). Remarkably, aligned cryogels facilitated extensive cellular infiltration and migration, contrasting with NSC cultured on isotropic cryogels, which predominantly remained on the scaffold's surface throughout the proliferation experiment. Significantly, the proliferation assay demonstrated that on day 7, the aligned cryogels contained eight times more cells compared to the random cryogels. Consistent with the proliferation experiments, NSC exhibited the ability to differentiate into neurons within the aligned scaffolds and extend neurites longitudinally. In addition, differentiation assays showed a four-fold increase in the expression of neural markers in the cross-sections of the aligned cryogels. Conversely, the random cryogels exhibited minimal presence of cell bodies and extensions. The presence of synaptic vesicles on the anisotropic cryogels indicates the formation of functional synaptic connections, emphasizing the importance of the scaffold's microstructure in guiding neuronal reconnection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana P M Sousa
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Inês A Deus
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Cátia F Monteiro
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Catarina A Custódio
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
- Metatissue, PCI Creative Science Park Aveiro Region, Via do Conhecimento, 3830-352 Ílhavo, Portugal
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH-IESL), Heraklion, Greece
| | - João F Mano
- CICECO - Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitario de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- TEMA - Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- LASI - Intelligent Systems Associate Laboratory, Portugal
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Yan X, Wei F, Gou J, Ji M, Hamouda HI, Xue C, Zheng H. Cryogel with Modular and Clickable Building Blocks: Toward the Ultimate Ideal Macroporous Medium for Bacterial Separation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:15959-15970. [PMID: 38954479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The lack of practical platforms for bacterial separation remains a hindrance to the detection of bacteria in complex samples. Herein, a composite cryogel was synthesized by using clickable building blocks and boronic acid for bacterial separation. Macroporous cryogels were synthesized by cryo-gelation polymerization using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether. The interconnected macroporous architecture enabled high interfering substance tolerance. Nanohybrid nanoparticles were prepared via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization and immobilized onto cryogel by click reaction. Alkyne-tagged boronic acid was conjugated to the composite for specific bacteria binding. The physical and chemical characteristics of the composite cryogel were analyzed systematically. Benefitting from the synergistic, multiple binding sites provided by the silica-assisted polymer, the composite cryogel exhibited excellent affinity toward S. aureus and Salmonella spp. with capacities of 91.6 × 107 CFU/g and 241.3 × 107 CFU/g in 0.01 M PBS (pH 8.0), respectively. Bacterial binding can be tuned by variations in pH and temperature and the addition of monosaccharides. The composite was employed to separate S. aureus and Salmonella spp. from spiked tap water, 40% cow milk, and sea cucumber enzymatic hydrolysate, which resulted in high bacteria separation and demonstrated remarkable potential in bacteria separation from food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266500, PR China
| | - Fayi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266500, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266500, PR China
| | - Mingbo Ji
- Yantai Research Institute, Harbin Engineering University, Yantai 264006, China
| | - Hamed I Hamouda
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266500, PR China
| | - Changhu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266500, PR China
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition and Health Innovation, Qingdao 266100, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Hongwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266500, PR China
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition and Health Innovation, Qingdao 266100, China
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Ghiorghita CA, Platon IV, Lazar MM, Dinu MV, Aprotosoaie AC. Trends in polysaccharide-based hydrogels and their role in enhancing the bioavailability and bioactivity of phytocompounds. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 334:122033. [PMID: 38553232 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, polysaccharides such as chitosan, alginate, hyaluronic acid, k-carrageenan, xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, pectin, and starch, alone or in combination with proteins and/or synthetic polymers, have been used to engineer an extensive portfolio of hydrogels with remarkable features. The application of polysaccharide-based hydrogels has the potential to alleviate challenges related to bioavailability, solubility, stability, and targeted delivery of phytocompounds, contributing to the development of innovative and efficient drug delivery systems and functional food formulations. This review highlights the current knowledge acquired on the preparation, features and applications of polysaccharide/phytocompounds hydrogel-based hybrid systems in wound management, drug delivery, functional foods, and food industry. The structural, functional, and biological requirements of polysaccharides and phytocompounds on the overall performance of such hybrid systems, and their impact on the application domains are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu-Augustin Ghiorghita
- Department of Functional Polymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487, Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana-Victoria Platon
- Department of Functional Polymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487, Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Marinela Lazar
- Department of Functional Polymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487, Iasi, Romania
| | - Maria Valentina Dinu
- Department of Functional Polymers, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley 41A, 700487, Iasi, Romania.
| | - Ana Clara Aprotosoaie
- "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street 16, Iasi 700115, Romania
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Blinova E, Korel A, Zemlyakova E, Pestov A, Samokhin A, Zelikman M, Tkachenko V, Bets V, Arzhanova E, Litvinova E. Cytotoxicity and Degradation Resistance of Cryo- and Hydrogels Based on Carboxyethylchitosan at Different pH Values. Gels 2024; 10:272. [PMID: 38667691 PMCID: PMC11049456 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The use of chitosan-based gels is still limited due to their restricted solubility in acid solutions, where the molecules have a positive charge. The functionalization of chitosan makes it possible to significantly expand the possibilities of using both the polymer itself and hydrogels based on its derivatives. Objective: To evaluate the effect of the conditions for the production of cryo- and hydrogels based on carboxyethylchitosan (CEC) crosslinked with glutaraldehyde on gel swelling and its resistance to degradation depending on pH and cytotoxic effects and to test the hypothesis that the amount of crosslinking agent during synthesis may affect the cytotoxicity of the gel. Methods: Gels' swelling values and degradation resistance were determined using the gravimetric method. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated during the co-cultivation of gels in the presence of human fibroblasts using light optical microscopy and flow cytometry. Results: All CEC-based cryogels had a higher equilibrium swelling value and degradation time than the CEC hydrogel in the pH range from 4.6 to 8.0. This demonstrates the superiority of cryogels relative to CEC-based hydrogels in terms of swelling potential and degradation resistance, while an increase in the number of crosslinks with glutaraldehyde contributes to longer swelling of the cryogel. The positive control (intact fibroblasts) and all gel samples were statistically identical in the number of viable cells. On the third day, the viability of the fibroblast cells was consistently high (above 95%) and did not differ between all tested CEC-based gels. And in general, the cell morphology analysis results corresponded with the results obtained in the flow cytometry-based cytotoxicity test. We also did not find proof in our experiment to support our hypothesis that the amount of crosslinking agent during synthesis may affect the cytotoxicity of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Blinova
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Anastasia Korel
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Ekaterina Zemlyakova
- Institute of Organic Synthesis n.a. I. Ya. Postovsky UB RAS, 620137 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexander Pestov
- Institute of Organic Synthesis n.a. I. Ya. Postovsky UB RAS, 620137 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.Z.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexander Samokhin
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Maxim Zelikman
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Vadim Tkachenko
- Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Viktoria Bets
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Elena Arzhanova
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
| | - Ekaterina Litvinova
- Faculty of Physical Engineering, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia; (E.B.); (A.K.); (V.B.); (E.A.); (E.L.)
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Kolosova OY, Vasil'ev VG, Novikov IA, Sorokina EV, Lozinsky VI. Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems: 67 Properties and Microstructure of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Cryogels Formed in the Presence of Phenol or Bis-Phenols Introduced into the Aqueous Polymeric Solutions Prior to Their Freeze-Thaw Processing. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:675. [PMID: 38475358 DOI: 10.3390/polym16050675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) physical cryogels that contained the additives of o-, m-, and p-bis-phenols or phenol were prepared, and their physico-chemical characteristics and macroporous morphology and the solute release dynamics were evaluated. These phenolic additives caused changes in the viscosity of initial PVA solutions before their freeze-thaw processing and facilitated the growth in the rigidity of the resultant cryogels, while their heat endurance decreased. The magnitude of the effects depended on the interposition of phenolic hydroxyls in the molecules of the used additives and was stipulated by their H-bonding with PVA OH-groups. Subsequent rinsing of such "primary" cryogels with pure water led to the lowering of their rigidity. The average size of macropores inside these heterophase gels also depended on the additive type. It was found also that the release of phenolic substances from the additive-containing cryogels occurred via virtually a free diffusion mechanism; therefore, drug delivery systems such as PVA cryogels loaded with either pyrocatechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, or phenol, upon the in vitro agar diffusion tests, exhibited antibacterial activity typical of these phenols. The promising biomedical potential of the studied nanocomposite gel materials is supposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Yu Kolosova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Bld. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktor G Vasil'ev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Bld. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan A Novikov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 38, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V Sorokina
- Microbilogy Department, Biology Faculty, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir I Lozinsky
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street 28, Bld. 1, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Microbiology Department, Kazan (Volga-Region) Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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Li S, Zhang S, Dong S, Zhao M, Zhang W, Zhang C, Wu Z. Stiffness and BMP-2 Mimetic Peptide Jointly Regulate the Osteogenic Differentiation of Rat Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in a Gelatin Cryogel. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:890-902. [PMID: 38180887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Both biochemical and mechanical cues could regulate the function of stem cells, but the interaction mechanism of their signaling pathway remains unclear, especially in the three-dimensional (3D) culture mode. Higher matrix stiffness promotes osteogenic differentiation of stem cells, and bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) has been clinically applied to promote bone regeneration. Here, the crosstalk of extracellular mechanical signals on BMP-2 signaling was investigated in rat bone marrow stromal cells (rMSCs) cultured inside cryogels with interconnective pores. Stiff cryogel independently promoted osteogenic differentiation and enhanced the autocrine secretion of BMP-2, thus stimulating increased phosphorylation levels of the Smad1/5/8 complex. BMP-2 mimetic peptide (BMMP) and high cryogel stiffness jointly guided the osteogenic differentiation of rMSCs. Inhibition of rho-associated kinase (ROCK) by Y-27632 or inhibition of nonmuscle myosin II (NM II) by blebbistatin showed that osteogenesis induction by BMP-2 signaling, as well as autocrine secretion of BMP-2 and phosphorylation of the Smad complex, requires the involvement of cytoskeletal tension and ROCK pathway signaling. An interconnective microporous cryogel scaffold promoted rMSC osteogenic differentiation by combining matrix stiffness and BMMP, and it accelerated critical cranial defect repair in the rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- Logistics Department, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Shixiong Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Shuao Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Mengen Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen Testing Center of Medical Devices, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Outpatient, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhaoying Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
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Ciołek L, Zaczyńska E, Krok-Borkowicz M, Biernat M, Pamuła E. Chitosan and Sodium Hyaluronate Hydrogels Supplemented with Bioglass for Bone Tissue Engineering. Gels 2024; 10:128. [PMID: 38391458 PMCID: PMC10887860 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to produce biocomposites based on chitosan and sodium hyaluronate hydrogels supplemented with bioglasses obtained under different conditions (temperature, time) and to perform an in vitro evaluation of their cytocompatibility using both indirect and direct methods. Furthermore, the release of ions from the composites and the microstructure of the biocomposites before and after incubation in simulated body fluid were assessed. Tests on extracts from bioglasses and hydrogel biocomposites were performed on A549 epithelial cells, while MG63 osteoblast-like cells were tested in direct contact with the developed biomaterials. The immune response induced by the biomaterials was also evaluated. The experiments were carried out on both unstimulated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin-stimulated human peripheral blood cells in the presence of extracts of the biocomposites and their components. Extracts of the materials produced do not exhibit toxic effects on A549 cells, and do not increase the production of proinflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6) by blood cells in vitro. In direct contact with MG63 osteoblast-like cells, biocomposites containing the reference bioglass and those containing SrO are more cytocompatible than biocomposites with ZnO-doped bioglass. Using two testing approaches, the effects both of the potentially toxic agents released and of the surface of the tested materials on the cell condition were assessed. The results pave the way for the development of highly porous hydrogel-bioglass composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Ciołek
- Biomaterials Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Ceramic and Building Materials, 31-983 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Zaczyńska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Laboratory of Immunobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla Str. 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Krok-Borkowicz
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Biernat
- Biomaterials Research Group, Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Ceramic and Building Materials, 31-983 Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pamuła
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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Hellebois T, Addiego F, Gaiani C, Shaplov AS, Soukoulis C. Unravelling the functionality of anionic and non-ionic plant seed gums on milk protein cryogels conveying Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 323:121376. [PMID: 37940272 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Cryogels offer a promising macroporous platform that can be employed as either a functional ingredient in food composites or a colloidal template for incorporating bioactives, including probiotic living cells. The aim of the present work is to explore the functionality of two plant seed polysaccharides, flaxseed gum (FG) and alfalfa galactomannan (AAG), in individual and combined (1:1 ratio) milk protein-based cryogels, namely sodium caseinate (NaCas) and whey protein isolate (WPI). These cryogels were created by freeze-drying hydrogels formed via L.rhamnosus GG - a human gut-relevant probiotic strain - fermentation. Our findings showed that including gum in the composition limited volume contraction during lyophilisation, reduced macropore size and thickened cryogel skeleton vessels. Furthermore, gum-containing cryogels displayed improved thermal stability and slower water disintegration rates. The AAG-stabilised cryogels specifically showed a notable reduction in monolayer water content compared to FG. From a mechanistic viewpoint, AAG influenced the physicochemical and microstructural properties of the cryogels, most probably via its self-association during cryogenic processing, promoting the development of intertwined protein-gum networks. FG, on the other hand, enhanced these properties through electrostatic complexation with proteins. Cryogels made from protein-polysaccharide blends exhibited promising techno-functional properties for enhancing and diversifying food product innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Hellebois
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette L-4362, Luxembourg; Université de Lorraine, LIBio, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Frédéric Addiego
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Claire Gaiani
- Université de Lorraine, LIBio, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Alexander S Shaplov
- Materials Research and Technology (MRT) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 avenue des Hauts Fourneaux, L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Christos Soukoulis
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, Esch-sur-Alzette L-4362, Luxembourg.
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Ishibashi Y, Haraguchi R, Aoki S, Oishi Y, Narita T. Effect of UV Irradiation of Pre-Gel Solutions on the Formation of Collagen Gel Tubes. Gels 2023; 9:458. [PMID: 37367129 DOI: 10.3390/gels9060458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hollow collagen gels are promising materials for drug/cell delivery systems to promote tissue regeneration because they may be able to function as carriers for these types of loads. Controlling the cavity size and swelling suppression is essential to expand the applications and improve the usability of such gel-like systems. We investigated the effects of UV-treated collagen solutions as a pre-gel aqueous mixture on the formation and properties of the hollow collagen gels in terms of their preparation range limits, morphology, and swelling ratio. The UV treatment thickened the pre-gel solutions, which allowed hollowing at lower collagen concentrations. This treatment also prevents the over-swelling of the hollow collagen rods in PBS buffer solutions. The UV-treated collagen solutions provided a large lumen space in the prepared collagen hollow fiber rods with a limited swelling ratio, allowing vascular endothelial cells and ectodermal cells to be cultured separately in the outer and inner lumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ishibashi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Ryota Haraguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Aoki
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Saga University, Saga 849-8501, Japan
| | - Yushi Oishi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
| | - Takayuki Narita
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Saga University, Saga 840-8502, Japan
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Andrabi SM, Kumar A. A kaolin/calcium incorporated shape memory and antimicrobial chitosan-dextran based cryogel as an efficient haemostatic dressing for uncontrolled hemorrhagic wounds. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 150:213424. [PMID: 37068405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Increased mortalities associated with uncontrolled and excessive bleeding is still of paramount concern in the clinics, caregivers and military medics. Herein, we designed a shape memory cryogel based on chitosan (C) and functionalized-dextran (D), incorporated with Kaolin (K) and calcium (Ca2+) as haemostatic agents. The developed cryogel (CDKCa) exhibits a uniform interconnected porous architecture with profound fluid absorption ability, rapid blood clotting, stable clot formation and good antibacterial activity. The CDKCa elucidates significantly less clotting time (~30 s; in-vitro) and increased aggregation and activation of platelets/red blood cells in comparison to the control groups and commercial dressings (Axiostat and QuikClot). The developed CDKCa also significantly reduced the aPTT and PT values by ~58 % and 31 % respectively, leading to the activation of intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation cascades. The CDKCa cryogel displays enhanced mechanical stability, flexibility and a good shape memory, a property quintessential to cease uncontrolled bleeding in irregular and non-compressible wounds. Further, the Kaolin and Ca2+ incorporated shape memory CDKCa cryogel demonstrates a rapid blood coagulation and stable clot formation in different compressible and non-compressible rat liver and femur hemorrhagic models. In summary, the endorsed results of CDKCa suggest that the design, fabrication and excellent clotting ability may attribute to high haemostatic efficiency of CDKCa dressing and have a great potential to prevent uncontrollable hemorrhages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muntazir Andrabi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India; Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India; Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India; Center for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India; The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India; Centre of Excellence, Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India.
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12
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Hellebois T, Canuel R, Addiego F, Audinot JN, Gaiani C, Shaplov AS, Soukoulis C. Milk protein-based cryogel monoliths as novel encapsulants of probiotic bacteria. Part I: Microstructural, physicochemical, and mechanical characterisation. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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13
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Cryostructuring of Polymeric Systems: 63. † Synthesis of Two Chemically Tanned Gelatin-Based Cryostructurates and Evaluation of Their Potential as Scaffolds for Culturing of Mammalian Cells. Gels 2022; 8:gels8110695. [DOI: 10.3390/gels8110695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Various gelatin-containing gel materials are used as scaffolds for animal and human cell culturing within the fields of cell technologies and tissue engineering. Cryostructuring is a promising technique for the preparation of efficient macroporous scaffolds in biomedical applications. In the current study, two new gelatin-based cryostructurates were synthesized, their physicochemical properties and microstructure were evaluated, and their ability to serve as biocompatible scaffolds for mammalian cells culturing was tested. The preparation procedure included the dissolution of Type A gelatin in water, the addition of urea to inhibit self-gelation, the freezing of such a solution, ice sublimation in vacuo, and urea extraction with ethanol from the freeze-dried matter followed by its cross-linking in an ethanol medium with either carbodiimide or glyoxal. It was shown that in the former case, a denser cross-linked polymer phase was formed, while in the latter case, the macropores in the resultant biopolymer material were wider. The subsequent biotesting of these scaffolds demonstrated their biocompatibility for human mesenchymal stromal cells and HepG2 cells during subcutaneous implantation in rats. Albumin secretion and urea synthesis by HepG2 cells confirmed the possibility of using gelatin cryostructurates for liver tissue engineering.
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Influence of starch with different degrees and order of gelatinization on the microstructural and mechanical properties of pectin cryogels: A potential pore morphology regulator. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:533-545. [PMID: 36174855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The applications of cryogels are defined by their porous morphology as well as mechanical properties. To achieve efficient regulation of porous properties for pectin cryogels, we selected starch as a potential polysaccharide regulator. Pectin/starch composite cryogels with different degrees of gelatinization were formulated, and two ways of starch gelatinization were considered: starch gelatinization occurred before or after pectin crosslinking during forming the hydrogel network. The results showed that high gelatinized starch (73.8 %-100.0 %) rendered pectin cryogels with denser pore morphology and higher mechanical strength. The pore diameter transferred from 160-200 μm to 40-60 μm with the degree of gelatinization, while the total porosity decreased by about 15 % and the specific surface area increased by about 100 m2/g. When starch gelatinization occurred before pectin crosslinking, the hydrogen bond interactions between gelatinized starch and pectin were formed to accelerate the gelation rate of the pectin Ca2+-dependent network. When gelatinization occurred after pectin crosslinking, the pre-formed pectin network delayed the breakdown of the starch crystalline structure during gelatinization. The qualitative regulation of the pore morphology in pectin cryogels by incorporating starches with varying degrees of gelatinization was confirmed.
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Ma Y, Wang X, Su T, Lu F, Chang Q, Gao J. Recent Advances in Macroporous Hydrogels for Cell Behavior and Tissue Engineering. Gels 2022; 8:606. [PMID: 36286107 PMCID: PMC9601978 DOI: 10.3390/gels8100606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels have been extensively used as scaffolds in tissue engineering for cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, and differentiation because of their high-water content and biocompatibility similarity to the extracellular matrix. However, submicron or nanosized pore networks within hydrogels severely limit cell survival and tissue regeneration. In recent years, the application of macroporous hydrogels in tissue engineering has received considerable attention. The macroporous structure not only facilitates nutrient transportation and metabolite discharge but also provides more space for cell behavior and tissue formation. Several strategies for creating and functionalizing macroporous hydrogels have been reported. This review began with an overview of the advantages and challenges of macroporous hydrogels in the regulation of cellular behavior. In addition, advanced methods for the preparation of macroporous hydrogels to modulate cellular behavior were discussed. Finally, future research in related fields was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qiang Chang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianhua Gao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou 510515, China
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16
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Kudaibergen G, Zhunussova M, Mun EA, Ramankulov Y, Ogay V. Macroporous Cell-Laden Gelatin/Hyaluronic Acid/Chondroitin Sulfate Cryogels for Engineered Tissue Constructs. Gels 2022; 8:590. [PMID: 36135302 PMCID: PMC9498617 DOI: 10.3390/gels8090590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryogels are a unique macroporous material for tissue engineering. In this work, we study the effect of hyaluronic acid on the physicochemical properties of cryogel as well as on the proliferation of a 3D model of mesenchymal stem cells. The functional groups of the synthesized cryogels were identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. With an increase in the content of hyaluronic acid in the composition of the cryogel, an increase in porosity, gel content and swelling behavior was observed. As the hyaluronic acid content increased, the average pore size increased and more open pores were formed. Degradation studies have shown that all cryogels were resistant to PBS solution for 8 weeks. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated no toxic effect on viability of rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) cultured on cryogels. ADMSC spheroids were proliferated on scaffolds and showed the ability of the cryogels to orient cell differentiation into chondrogenic lineage even in the absence of inductive agents. Thus, our results demonstrate an effective resemblance to extracellular matrix structures specific to cartilage-like microenvironments by cryogels and their further perspective application as potential biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madina Zhunussova
- Stem Cell Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Ellina A. Mun
- School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Yerlan Ramankulov
- Stem Cell Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
- School of Science and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Vyacheslav Ogay
- Stem Cell Laboratory, National Center for Biotechnology, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan
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Zhang X, Hang Y, Ding Z, Xiao L, Cheng W, Lu Q. Macroporous Silk Nanofiber Cryogels with Tunable Properties. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2160-2169. [PMID: 35443774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cryogels are widely used in tissue regeneration due to their porous structures and friendly hydrogel performance. Silk-based cryogels were developed but failed to exhibit desirable tunable properties to adapt various biomedical applications. Here, amorphous short silk nanofibers (SSFs) were introduced to fabricate silk cryogels with versatile cues. Compared to previous silk cryogels, the SSF cryogels prepared under same conditions showed significantly enhanced mechanical properties. The microporous cryogels were achieved under lower silk concentrations, confirming better tunability. Versatile cryogels with the modulus in the range of 0.5-283.7 kPa were developed through adjusting silk concentration and crosslinking conditions, superior to previous silk cryogel systems. Besides better cytocompatibility, the SSF cryogels were endowed with effective mechanical cues to control osteogenetic differentiation behaviors of BMSCs. The mechanical properties could be further regulated finely through the introduction of β-sheet-rich silk nanofibers (SNFs), which suggested possible optimization of mechanical niches. Bioactive cargo-laden SNFs were introduced to the SSF cryogel systems, bringing biochemical signals without the compromise of mechanical properties. Versatile SNF-based cryogels with different physical and biological cues were developed here to facilitate the applications in various tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Hang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaozhao Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Xiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Weinan Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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18
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Cellulose Cryogels as Promising Materials for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042037. [PMID: 35216150 PMCID: PMC8880007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The availability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and ease of chemical modification make cellulose a promising natural polymer for the production of biomedical materials. Cryogelation is a relatively new and straightforward technique for producing porous light and super-macroporous cellulose materials. The production stages include dissolution of cellulose in an appropriate solvent, regeneration (coagulation) from the solution, removal of the excessive solvent, and then freezing. Subsequent freeze-drying preserves the micro- and nanostructures of the material formed during the regeneration and freezing steps. Various factors can affect the structure and properties of cellulose cryogels, including the cellulose origin, the dissolution parameters, the solvent type, and the temperature and rate of freezing, as well as the inclusion of different fillers. Adjustment of these parameters can change the morphology and properties of cellulose cryogels to impart the desired characteristics. This review discusses the structure of cellulose and its properties as a biomaterial, the strategies for cellulose dissolution, and the factors affecting the structure and properties of the formed cryogels. We focus on the advantages of the freeze-drying process, highlighting recent studies on the production and application of cellulose cryogels in biomedicine and the main cryogel quality characteristics. Finally, conclusions and prospects are presented regarding the application of cellulose cryogels in wound healing, in the regeneration of various tissues (e.g., damaged cartilage, bone tissue, and nerves), and in controlled-release drug delivery.
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19
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Li Y, Wang D, Wen J, Yu P, Liu J, Li J, Chu H. Chemically Grafted Nanozyme Composite Cryogels to Enhance Antibacterial and Biocompatible Performance for Bioliquid Regulation and Adaptive Bacteria Trapping. ACS NANO 2021; 15:19672-19683. [PMID: 34878257 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Excessive biofluid and infection around wounds hinder wound healing. However, conventionally antibacterial wound dressings cannot simultaneously achieve effective biofluid control and intelligent infection treatment, tending to overhydrate wounds and develop drug-resistant bacteria due to the limitations of antibacterial components and material structures. The design of a nanozyme composite cryogel with interconnected macroporous structures, excellent designability, and lower chance of drug-resistance is greatly needed. Herein, Fe-MIL-88NH2 nanozyme is grafted to glycidyl methacrylate functionalized dialdehyde chitosan via Schiff base reaction, and acryloyl Pluronic 127 (PF127-DA) is used as a cross-linking agent to fabricate nanozyme composite cryogels (CSG-MX) as a wound dressing to enhance antibacterial and biocompatible performance for biofluid management and wound infection therapy. CSG-MX has great hydrophilicity, acid-enhanced positive charge, pH-responsive release, rebinding of nanozymes, and excellent peroxidase and oxidase mimicry activity (generation of •OH and O2•- radicals). Notably, due to the negative potential of bacteria, the impact of infection on pH value, and the enzyme-like activity as well as the reversible release of nanozymes influenced by pH, CSG-MX can achieve intelligently adaptive trapping and killing of bacteria. CSG-MX has enormous potential to be a next-generation wound dressing for biofluid management and bacterial infection treatment in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Dingqian Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jie Wen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Peng Yu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hetao Chu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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20
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Ari B, Sahiner M, Demirci S, Sahiner N. Poly(vinyl alcohol)-tannic Acid Cryogel Matrix as Antioxidant and Antibacterial Material. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:70. [PMID: 35012093 PMCID: PMC8747331 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The biocompatible, viscoelastic properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in combination with the antimicrobial and antioxidant natural polyphenolic, tannic acid (TA), and the natural flavonoid and antioxidant curcumin (Cur), were used in the preparation of PVA:TA and PVA:TA:Cur cryogel composites using cryotropic gelation to combine the individually beneficial properties. The effect of TA content on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of PVA:TA cryogel composites and the antioxidant activities of PVA:TA:Cur cryogel composites was determined using Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and total phenol content (TPC) assays, and were compared. The PVA:TA:Cur cryogel composite showed the highest antioxidant activity, with a TEAC value of 2.10 ± 0.24 and a TPC value of 293 ± 12.00. The antibacterial capacity of the PVA:TA and PVA:TA:Cur 1:1:0.1 cryogel composites was examined against two different species of bacteria, E. coli and S. aureus. It was found that the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of the PVA:TA:Cur 1:1:0.1 cryogel composites varied between 5 and 10 mg/mL based on the type of microorganism, and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value was 20 mg/mL irrespective of the type of microorganism. Furthermore, the hemocompatibility of the PVA:TA cryogel composites was evaluated by examining their hemolytic and coagulation behaviors. PVA:TA 1:1 cryogels with a value of 95.7% revealed the highest blood clotting index value amongst all of the synthesized cryogels, signifying the potential for blood contacting applications. The release of TA and Cur from the cryogel composites was quantified at different pH conditions, i.e., 1.0, 7.4, and 9.0, and additionally in ethanol (EtOH) and an ethanol-water (EtOH:Wat) mixture. The solution released from the PVA:TA cryogels in PBS was tested for inhibition capability against α-glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.20). Concentration-dependent enzyme inhibition was observed, and 70 µL of 83 µg/mL PVA:TA (1:1) cryogel in PBS inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme solution of 0.03 unit/mL in 70 µL by 81.75 ± 0.96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Ari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Arts, Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey; (B.A.); (S.D.)
| | - Mehtap Sahiner
- Faculty of Canakkale School of Applied Science, Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey;
| | - Sahin Demirci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Arts, Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey; (B.A.); (S.D.)
| | - Nurettin Sahiner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Arts, Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey; (B.A.); (S.D.)
- Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center, Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17100, Turkey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs B. Downs Blv., MDC 21, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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21
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Bayrak G, Perçin I, Kılıç Süloğlu A, Denizli A. Amino acid functionalized macroporous gelatin cryogels: Characterization and effects on cell proliferation. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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22
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Jones LO, Williams L, Boam T, Kalmet M, Oguike C, Hatton FL. Cryogels: recent applications in 3D-bioprinting, injectable cryogels, drug delivery, and wound healing. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2553-2569. [PMID: 34760024 PMCID: PMC8551881 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryogels are macroporous polymeric structures formed from the cryogelation of monomers/polymers in a solvent below freezing temperature. Due to their inherent interconnected macroporosity, ease of preparation, and biocompatibility, they are increasingly being investigated for use in biomedical applications such as 3D-bioprinting, drug delivery, wound healing, and as injectable therapeutics. This review highlights the fundamentals of macroporous cryogel preparation, cryogel properties that can be useful in the highlighted biomedical applications, followed by a comprehensive review of recent studies in these areas. Research evaluated includes the use of cryogels to combat various types of cancer, for implantation without surgical incision, and use as highly effective wound dressings. Furthermore, conclusions and outlooks are discussed for the use of these promising and durable macroporous cryogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke O Jones
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Leah Williams
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Tasmin Boam
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Martin Kalmet
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Chidubem Oguike
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Fiona L Hatton
- Department of Materials, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
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23
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Kolosova OY, Karelina PA, Vasil'ev VG, Grinberg VY, Kurochkin II, Kurochkin IN, Lozinsky VI. Cryostructuring of polymeric systems. 58. Influence of the H2N-(CH2) -COOH–type amino acid additives on formation, properties, microstructure and drug release behaviour of poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogels. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Teepoo S, Laochai T. Reusable Optical Biosensor Based on Poly (Vinyl) Alcohol - Chitosan Cryogel with Incorporated Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Determination of Sucrose in Sugar Cane and Sugar. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1968889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siriwan Teepoo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Thidarut Laochai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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Demirci S, Sahiner M, Ari B, Sunol AK, Sahiner N. Chondroitin Sulfate-Based Cryogels for Biomedical Applications. Gels 2021; 7:127. [PMID: 34462411 PMCID: PMC8406096 DOI: 10.3390/gels7030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryogels attained from natural materials offer exceptional properties in applications such as tissue engineering. Moreover, Halloysite Nanotubes (HNT) at 1:0.5 weight ratio were embedded into CS cryogels to render additional biomedical properties. The hemolysis index of CS cryogel and CS:HNT cryogels was calculated as 0.77 ± 0.41 and 0.81 ± 0.24 and defined as non-hemolytic materials. However, the blood coagulation indices of CS cryogel and CS:HNT cryogels were determined as 76 ± 2% and 68 ± 3%, suggesting a mild blood clotting capability. The maximum% swelling capacity of CS cryogel was measured as 3587 ± 186%, 4014 ± 184%, and 3984 ± 113%, at pH 1.0, pH 7.4 and pH 9.0, respectively, which were reduced to 1961 ± 288%, 2816 ± 192, 2405 ± 73%, respectively, for CS:HNT cryogel. It was found that CS cryogels can hydrolytically be degraded 41 ± 1% (by wt) in 16-day incubation, whereas the CS:HNT cryogels degraded by 30 ± 1 wt %. There is no chelation for HNT and 67.5 ± 1% Cu(II) chelation for linear CS was measured. On the other hand, the CS cryogel and CS:HNT cryogel revealed Cu(II) chelating capabilities of 60.1 ± 12.5%, and 43.2 ± 17.5%, respectively, from 0.1 mg/mL Cu(II) ion stock solution. Additionally, at 0.5 mg/mL CS, CS:HNT, and HNT, the Fe(II) chelation capacity of 99.7 ± 0.6, 86.2 ± 4.7% and only 11.9 ± 4.5% were measured, respectively, while no Fe(II) was chelated by linear CS chelated Fe(II). As the adjustable and controllable swelling properties of cryogels are important parameters in biomedical applications, the swelling properties of CS cryogels, at different solution pHs, e.g., at the solution pHs of 1.0, 7.4 and 9.0, were measured as 3587 ± 186%, 4014 ± 184%, and 3984 ± 113%, respectively, and the maximum selling% values of CS:HNT cryogels were determined as 1961 ± 288%, 2816 ± 192, 2405 ± 73%, respectively, at the same conditions. Alpha glucosidase enzyme interactions were investigated and found that CS-based cryogels can stimulate this enzyme at any CS formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahin Demirci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & Arts, and Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center (NANORAC), Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale 17100, Turkey; (S.D.); (B.A.)
| | - Mehtap Sahiner
- Faculty of Canakkale School of Applied Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale 17100, Turkey;
| | - Betul Ari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & Arts, and Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center (NANORAC), Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale 17100, Turkey; (S.D.); (B.A.)
| | - Aydin K. Sunol
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;
| | - Nurettin Sahiner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & Arts, and Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center (NANORAC), Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Terzioglu Campus, Canakkale 17100, Turkey; (S.D.); (B.A.)
- Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA;
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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Designing advanced functional polymers for medicine. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Savina IN, Zoughaib M, Yergeshov AA. Design and Assessment of Biodegradable Macroporous Cryogels as Advanced Tissue Engineering and Drug Carrying Materials. Gels 2021; 7:79. [PMID: 34203439 PMCID: PMC8293244 DOI: 10.3390/gels7030079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryogels obtained by the cryotropic gelation process are macroporous hydrogels with a well-developed system of interconnected pores and shape memory. There have been significant recent advancements in our understanding of the cryotropic gelation process, and in the relationship between components, their structure and the application of the cryogels obtained. As cryogels are one of the most promising hydrogel-based biomaterials, and this field has been advancing rapidly, this review focuses on the design of biodegradable cryogels as advanced biomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering. The selection of a biodegradable polymer is key to the development of modern biomaterials that mimic the biological environment and the properties of artificial tissue, and are at the same time capable of being safely degraded/metabolized without any side effects. The range of biodegradable polymers utilized for cryogel formation is overviewed, including biopolymers, synthetic polymers, polymer blends, and composites. The paper discusses a cryotropic gelation method as a tool for synthesis of hydrogel materials with large, interconnected pores and mechanical, physical, chemical and biological properties, adapted for targeted biomedical applications. The effect of the composition, cross-linker, freezing conditions, and the nature of the polymer on the morphology, mechanical properties and biodegradation of cryogels is discussed. The biodegradation of cryogels and its dependence on their production and composition is overviewed. Selected representative biomedical applications demonstrate how cryogel-based materials have been used in drug delivery, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, cancer research, and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina N. Savina
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building, Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Mohamed Zoughaib
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia; (M.Z.); (A.A.Y.)
| | - Abdulla A. Yergeshov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya St., 420008 Kazan, Russia; (M.Z.); (A.A.Y.)
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Çimen D, Özbek MA, Bereli N, Mattiasson B, Denizli A. Injectable Cryogels in Biomedicine. Gels 2021; 7:gels7020038. [PMID: 33915687 PMCID: PMC8167568 DOI: 10.3390/gels7020038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryogels are interconnected macroporous materials that are synthesized from a monomer solution at sub-zero temperatures. Cryogels, which are used in various applications in many research areas, are frequently used in biomedicine applications due to their excellent properties, such as biocompatibility, physical resistance and sensitivity. Cryogels can also be prepared in powder, column, bead, sphere, membrane, monolithic, and injectable forms. In this review, various examples of recent developments in biomedical applications of injectable cryogels, which are currently scarce in the literature, made from synthetic and natural polymers are discussed. In the present review, several biomedical applications of injectable cryogels, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, therapeutic, therapy, cell transplantation, and immunotherapy, are emphasized. Moreover, it aims to provide a different perspective on the studies to be conducted on injectable cryogels, which are newly emerging trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Çimen
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (D.Ç.); (M.A.Ö.); (N.B.)
| | - Merve Asena Özbek
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (D.Ç.); (M.A.Ö.); (N.B.)
| | - Nilay Bereli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (D.Ç.); (M.A.Ö.); (N.B.)
| | - Bo Mattiasson
- Department of Biotechnology, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; (D.Ç.); (M.A.Ö.); (N.B.)
- Correspondence:
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