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Zhang Y, Song B, Liu Z, Noon A, Dietlin C, Morlet-Savary F, Schmitt M, Gigmes D, Dumur F, Lalevée J. High Photoinitiating Efficiency of Benzothioxanthene-Based Oxime Esters in Photopolymerization via Photocleavage and/or Single Electron Transfer under Visible Light and Sunlight. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405337. [PMID: 38877857 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
In this work, six benzothioxanthene-based oxime esters were employed as photoinitiators for photopolymerization under visible light (LED) and sunlight. Their abilities to behave as Type I photoinitiators by mean of a photocleavage mechanism of oxime esters but also in multicomponent photoinitiating systems with an iodonium salt (through an electron transfer mechanism) were both explored with the different structures. Due to their broad absorption spectra tailing up 600 nm, photoinitiating properties of the benzothioxanthene-based oxime esters were systematically tested under excitation with low-intensity LED light at wavelengths of 405 nm and 450 nm. Additionally, parallel to the polymerization tests done under artificial light, the different benzothioxanthene-based oxime esters were also investigated as solar photoinitiators and displayed a high reactivity in France (Western Europe) even in winter conditions. For the best candidates i.e. the most reactive structures, direct laser write experiments were carried out, evidencing the interest of these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Zhang
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M-CNRS UMR 7361), Université de Haute-Alsace, 68100, Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg
| | - Bin Song
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M-CNRS UMR 7361), Université de Haute-Alsace, 68100, Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg
| | - Zheng Liu
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR-CNRS, UMR 7273), Aix-Marseille Université, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Adel Noon
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M-CNRS UMR 7361), Université de Haute-Alsace, 68100, Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg
| | - Céline Dietlin
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M-CNRS UMR 7361), Université de Haute-Alsace, 68100, Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M-CNRS UMR 7361), Université de Haute-Alsace, 68100, Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M-CNRS UMR 7361), Université de Haute-Alsace, 68100, Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR-CNRS, UMR 7273), Aix-Marseille Université, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR-CNRS, UMR 7273), Aix-Marseille Université, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M-CNRS UMR 7361), Université de Haute-Alsace, 68100, Mulhouse, France
- Université de Strasbourg
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Li J, Zheng H, Lu H, Li J, Yao L, Wang Y, Zhou X, Nie J, Zhu X, Fu Z. Study on pyrrole chalcone derivatives used for blue LED free radical photopolymerization: controllable initiating activity achieved through photoisomerization property. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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He X, Jia W, Gao Y, Jiang S, Nie J, Sun F. Water-soluble benzoylformic acid photoinitiators for water-based LED-triggered deep-layer photopolymerization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Guo XY, Mao H, Bao C, Wan D, Jin M. Fused Carbazole–Coumarin–Ketone Dyes: High Performance and Photobleachable Photoinitiators in Free Radical Photopolymerization for Deep Photocuring under Visible LED Light Irradiation. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00466f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, three dyes based on fused carbazole–coumarin–ketone structures were designed and synthesized. These dyes were named CCK–Me, CCK–Ph, and CCK–Tol in accordance with their different substituents. Their excellent...
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