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Wen C, Wang C, Hu C, Qi T, Jing R, Wang Y, Zhang M, Shao Y, Pei C. REPS2 downregulation facilitates FGF-induced adhesion and migration in human lens epithelial cells through FAK/Cdc42 signaling and contributes to posterior capsule opacification. Cell Signal 2022; 97:110378. [PMID: 35690292 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) can cause postoperative visual loss after cataract surgery. Residual human lens epithelial cell (HLEC) proliferation, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) are the entitative reasons for PCO. Low expression of Ral-binding protein 1-associated Eps domain-containing 2 (REPS2) and high levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) were observed in the lens and postoperative aqueous humor of cataract patients. REPS2 was identified as a negative regulator in growth factor signaling; however, its function in HLECs is unknown. This was first investigated in the present study by evaluating REPS2 expression in anterior lens capsules from cataract patients, a mouse cataract model, and HLE-b3 cells. The biological function of REPS2 in HLE-B3 cells was assessed by REPS2 silencing and Cell Counting Kit 8, wound healing, Transwell migration, F-actin staining, G-protein pulldown and western blot assays. In the present study, REPS2 was significantly downregulated in human and mouse cataract capsules and H2O2-treated HLE-B3 cells. REPS2 knockdown increased fibronectin, type I collagen, and α-smooth muscle actin expression levels and stimulated HLECs proliferation and migration; these effects were enhanced by FGF treatment and accompanied with focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation, cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42) activation, focal adhesion protein upregulation, and F-actin cytoskeleton reorganization. However, treatment with the FAK inhibitor PF573228 abolished these effects. Thus, REPS2 downregulation in cataract HLECs induces their proliferation and facilitates FGF-induced ECM synthesis, EMT, cell adhesion and migration by activating FAK/Cdc42 signaling, which may underlie PCO pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Conghui Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Tiantian Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology, first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ruihua Jing
- Department of Ophthalmology, second affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yunqing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yongping Shao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Cheng Pei
- Department of Ophthalmology, first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Wei Z, Hao C, Srinivasagan R, Wu H, Chen JK, Fan X. Mitotic Activation Around Wound Edges and Epithelialization Repair in UVB-Induced Capsular Cataracts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 62:29. [PMID: 34967856 PMCID: PMC8727316 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.15.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Ultraviolet B (UVB) has been well documented to induce capsular cataracts; however, the mechanism of the lens epithelial cell-mediated repair process after UVB irradiation is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to better understand lens epithelial cell repair after UVB-induced epithelium damage. Method C57BL/6J mice were irradiated by various doses of UVB. Lens morphology and lens capsule opacity were monitored by slit lamp, darkfield microscopy, and phase-contrast microscopy. Lens epithelial cell mitotic activation and cell apoptosis were measured by immunohistochemistry. Lens epithelial ultrastructure was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Results UVB irradiation above a dose of 2.87 kJ/m2 triggered lens epithelial cell apoptosis and subcapsular cataract formation, with a ring-shaped structure composed of multilayered epithelial cell clusters manifesting a dense ring-shaped capsular cataract. The epithelial cells immediately outside the edge of the ring-shaped aggregates transitioned to mitotically active cells and performed wound healing through the epithelialization process. However, repairs ceased when lens epithelial cells made direct contact, and scar-like tissue in the center of the anterior capsule remained even by 6 months after UVB irradiation. Conclusions Our present study demonstrates that normally quiescent lens epithelial cells can be reactivated for epithelialization repair in response to UV-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongbo Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Caili Hao
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Ramkumar Srinivasagan
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Hongli Wu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States.,North Texas Eye Research Institute, Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, United States
| | - Jian-Kang Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
| | - Xingjun Fan
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, United States
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Epha2 genotype influences ultraviolet radiation induced cataract in mice. Exp Eye Res 2019; 188:107806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Imaizumi T, Kurosaka D, Tanaka U, Sakai D, Fukuda K, Sanbe A. Topical administration of a ROCK inhibitor prevents anterior subcapsular cataract induced by UV-B irradiation. Exp Eye Res 2019; 181:145-149. [PMID: 30690025 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM)-which is mainly composed of type I collagen-in anterior subcapsular cataracts (ASCs) during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of lens epithelial cells (LECs) decreases visual function. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is a key factor in the induction of EMT in LECs. Although Rho kinase (ROCK) plays an important role in EMT induced by TGF-β, it is unknown whether ROCK inhibition affects type I collagen expression in TGF-β-stimulated LECs and ASC formation. This was investigated in the present study both in vitro using human lens epithelium (HLE)-B3 cells and in vivo using mice with ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-B-induced cataracts. We found that TGF-β2 increased type I collagen mRNA expression in HLE-B3 cells; this was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by treatment with the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632. UVR-B exposure caused ASC formation in mice. A histopathological examination revealed that LECs in the anterior subcapsular area were flattened and multi-layered, and had a spindle shape in cross section. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of α-smooth muscle actin and type I collagen around these flattened LECs; these opacities were reduced by topical instillation of Y-27632. These findings suggest that suppression of TGF-β signaling in LECs by topical application of a ROCK inhibitor can prevent the formation of ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyasu Imaizumi
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Daijiro Kurosaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan.
| | - Umi Tanaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakai
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Fukuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Sanbe
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Japan
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Ogasawara S, Hashizume K, Okuno T, Imaizumi T, Inomata Y, Tezuka Y, Sanbe A, Kurosaka D. Effect of Geranylgeranylacetone on Ultraviolet Radiation Type B-Induced Cataract in Heat-Shock Transcription Factor 1 Heterozygous Mouse. Curr Eye Res 2016; 42:732-737. [PMID: 27732059 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2016.1225771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated whether heat-shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) was involved in ultraviolet radiation type B (UVR-B)-induced lens opacity (cataract) using HSF1 heterozygous mice. We also examined the effects of geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), an inducer of heat-shock proteins via activation of HSF, on the UVR-B-induced cataract. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male HSF1+/- and WT mice were unilaterally exposed to UVR-B (total: 1200mJ) at 16 weeks of age. At 48 h after the last UVR-B irradiation, the lens was isolated and the induction of the cataract was quantified as the cataract area ratio (opacity area/anterior capsule). GGA was orally administered at a dosage of 500 mg/kg once a day for two days before the first UVR-B exposure until the end of the experiment (21days in total). RESULTS The HSF1 expression was more greatly decreased in the lens from HSF1+/- mice than in that from WT mice (p < 0.01). UVR-B exposure could mainly induce cataracts in the anterior capsule in both HSF1+/- and WT mice, while the opacity of the lens was markedly enhanced in HSF1+/- mice compared to that in WT mice(p (0.01). GGA treatment could prevent the induction of lens opacity by UVR-B exposure in both WT and HSF1+/- mice as compared with the non-administration group (p < 0.01). No obvious alteration by the UVR-B radiation was seen in lens protein levels of αA-crystallin, αB-crystallin, or γ-crystallin with or without GGA administration among all groups of mice. In contrast to the crystallins, the lens protein level of HSP25 was decreased by UVR-B exposure in both HSF1+/- and WT mice, and was significantly recovered in WT mice by the GGA treatment (p < 0.01). The induction of HSP25 was suppressed in HSF1+/- mice compared with that in WT mice. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that HSF1 plays an important role in the occurrence of UVR-B-induced cataracts, possibly via regulation of HSPs such as HSP25.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ogasawara
- a Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine , Iwate Medical University , Morioka , Japan
| | - Kouhei Hashizume
- a Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine , Iwate Medical University , Morioka , Japan
| | - Takashi Okuno
- a Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine , Iwate Medical University , Morioka , Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Imaizumi
- a Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine , Iwate Medical University , Morioka , Japan
| | - Yui Inomata
- b Department of Pharmacotherapeutics , School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University , Shiwa-gun , Japan
| | - Yu Tezuka
- b Department of Pharmacotherapeutics , School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University , Shiwa-gun , Japan
| | - Atushi Sanbe
- b Department of Pharmacotherapeutics , School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University , Shiwa-gun , Japan
| | - Daijiro Kurosaka
- a Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine , Iwate Medical University , Morioka , Japan
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Newkirk KM, Chandler HL, Parent AE, Young DC, Colitz CMH, Wilkie DA, Kusewitt DF. Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Corneal Degeneration in 129 Mice. Toxicol Pathol 2016; 35:819-26. [DOI: 10.1080/01926230701584197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is a risk factor for the development of ocular disease in humans, including acute photokeratitis, chronic corneal spheroidal degeneration, and cataract formation. This report describes the ocular lesions seen in 21 mice chronically exposed to UVR as part of a skin carcinogenicity study. All globes were affected to varying degrees. The primary lesion, not previously reported in UVR-exposed mice, was marked loss of keratocytes relative to age-matched controls. Secondary lesions included corneal stromal thinning, keratoconus, corneal vascularization and fibrosis, keratitis, globe rupture, and phthisis bulbi. In addition, more than 90% of UVR-exposed and unexposed lenses had evidence of cataract formation; this is the first report of the occurrence of spontaneous cataracts in 129 mice. In a subsequent study, apoptotic cells were identified histologically and by cleaved caspase 3 immunoreactivity in the corneal epithelium and, less commonly, in the corneal stroma after acute UVR exposure. Based on this finding, we propose that the loss of keratocytes observed in the chronic study was due to UVR-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M. Newkirk
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Heather L. Chandler
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Allison E. Parent
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Donn C. Young
- Center for Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Carmen M. H. Colitz
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - David A. Wilkie
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Donna F. Kusewitt
- Departments of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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Effects of ELL-associated factor 2 on ultraviolet radiation-induced cataract formation in mice. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6605-11. [PMID: 26328919 PMCID: PMC4626200 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
ELL-associated factor 2 (Eaf2) has an important role in crystalline lens development and maturation; however, its role in ultraviolet radiation (UV)-induced cataract formation has remained elusive. The present study compared UV-induced cell apoptosis, activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9 and changes in protein expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (bcl-2), bcl-2-associated X protein (bax) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase in wild-type and Eaf2-knockout mice. The results showed that Eaf2 knockout can reduce UV-induced apoptosis in crystalline lenses and mitigate the formation of cataracts. Further functional studies indicated that Eaf2 can induce the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, increase the protein expression of the pro-apoptotic protein bax and inhibit the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein bcl-2; thereby, Eaf2 promotes cell apoptosis and is implicated in the formation and development of cataracts. The present study laid a theoretical foundation for the development of drugs for cataract treatment.
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8
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Meyer LM, Löfgren S, Holz FG, Wegener A, Söderberg P. Bilateral cataract induced by unilateral UVR-B exposure -- evidence for an inflammatory response. Acta Ophthalmol 2013; 91:236-42. [PMID: 22458592 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.02384.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether unilateral in vivo UVR-B exposure of one eye affects the fellow eye in a co-cataractogenic, sympathetic reaction and to determine whether an inflammatory response could be involved in the pathogenesis. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were unilaterally exposed in vivo to UVR-B for 15 min. In the group of 24 animals each received 0×/2×/3×/or 4× cataract threshold equivalent dose. Following 48-hr UVR-B exposure, cataract morphology was documented in dark-field illumination photography, and light scattering was quantified, in both lenses in vitro. Serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß, IL-6 and TNF-α were analysed with ELISA. Immunohistochemistry was performed for inflammatory infiltration in exposed and contralateral eyes. RESULTS UVR-B exposure induced cataract in all exposed lenses. There was additionally a significant UVR dose-dependent increase in light scattering in the lenses of the non-exposed fellow eye. Inflammatory infiltration was detected immunohistochemically in the anterior segment of both eyes. IL-1β serum concentration increased with increasing UVR-B exposure dose. There was a similar trend for serum IL-6 but not for TNF-α. CONCLUSION Unilateral UVR-B exposure to one eye is associated with intraocular inflammation and an increase in lens light scattering also in the unexposed, fellow eye. A resulting systemic inflammatory response might be mediated by IL-1β and possibly IL-6. The finding that an inflammatory response may play a role in UVR-B-induced cataract development might initiate new strategies in the prevention of the disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anterior Eye Segment/pathology
- Cataract/blood
- Cataract/etiology
- Cataract/pathology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Interleukin-1beta/blood
- Interleukin-6/blood
- Lens, Crystalline/pathology
- Lens, Crystalline/radiation effects
- Light
- Macrophages/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Monocytes/pathology
- Neutrophils/pathology
- Ophthalmia, Sympathetic/blood
- Ophthalmia, Sympathetic/etiology
- Ophthalmia, Sympathetic/pathology
- Radiation Injuries, Experimental/blood
- Radiation Injuries, Experimental/etiology
- Radiation Injuries, Experimental/pathology
- Scattering, Radiation
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood
- Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effects
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Mody VC, Kakar M, Söderberg PG, Löfgren S. High lenticular tolerance to ultraviolet radiation-B by pigmented guinea-pig; application of a safety limit strategy for UVR-induced cataract. Acta Ophthalmol 2012; 90:226-30. [PMID: 20662801 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.01931.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine a threshold measure, maximum tolerable dose (MTD), for avoidance of UVR-B-induced cataract in the pigmented guinea-pig. METHODS Thirty pupil-dilated anesthetized young female guinea-pigs, divided into five equal groups, received between 0 and 84.9 kJ/m(2) unilateral UVR-B. Lens extraction and in vitro lens photography occurred 24 hr after exposure. Measurement of intensity of lens light scattering served as quantifying tool for the degree of cataract. Data analysis included regression, using a second order polynomial model. The applied MTD concept was based on the UVR-B dose-response curve obtained for the pigmented guinea-pig. A smaller number of pigmented guinea-pigs, pigmented rats and albino rats underwent morphometric analysis of the anterior segment geometry. RESULTS All eyes exposed to UVR-B developed cataract in the anterior subcapsular region. MTD for avoidance of UVR-B-induced cataract was 69.0 kJ/m(2) in the pigmented guinea-pig. Iris was considerably thicker in the guinea-pig than in the rats. Lens blockage by the dilated iris was lowest in the guinea-pig. CONCLUSIONS Maximum tolerable dose for avoidance of UVR-B-induced cataract in the pigmented guinea-pig was 69.0 kJ/m(2), over 10-fold higher than the threshold 5 kJ/m(2) obtained by Pitts et al. in the pigmented rabbit. Maximum tolerable dose is an appropriate method for estimation of toxicity for UVR-B-induced cataract in the guinea-pig. The pigmented guinea-pig is significantly less sensitive to UVR-B exposure than the pigmented rabbit and pigmented rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vino C Mody
- St. Erik's Eye Hospital; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Ishikawa Y, Hashizume K, Kishimoto S, Tezuka Y, Nishigori H, Yamamoto N, Kondo Y, Maruyama N, Ishigami A, Kurosaka D. Effect of vitamin C depletion on UVR-B induced cataract in SMP30/GNL knockout mice. Exp Eye Res 2012; 94:85-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Galichanin K, Löfgren S, Bergmanson J, Söderberg P. Evolution of damage in the lens after in vivo close to threshold exposure to UV-B radiation: Cytomorphological study of apoptosis. Exp Eye Res 2010; 91:369-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2010.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Yamamoto T, Yoshikiyo K, Min YK, Hamaguchi HO, Imura S, Kudoh S, Takahashi T, Yamamoto N. A near-infrared Raman spectroscopic study on the bovine lens applied to the solar radiation in Antarctica. J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2010.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Meyer LM, Löfgren S, Ho YS, Lou M, Wegener A, Holz F, Söderberg P. Absence of glutaredoxin1 increases lens susceptibility to oxidative stress induced by UVR-B. Exp Eye Res 2009; 89:833-9. [PMID: 19664619 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2009.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2008] [Revised: 07/09/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We investigated if the absence of glutaredoxin1, a critical protein thiol repair enzyme, increases lens susceptibility to oxidative stress caused by in vivo exposure to ultraviolet radiation type B (UVR-B). Glrx(-/-) mice and Glrx(+/+) mice were unilaterally exposed in vivo to UVR-B for 15 min. Groups of 12 animals each received 4.3, 8.7, and 14.5 kJ/m(2) respectively. 48 h post UVR-B exposure, the induced cataract was quantified as forward lens light scattering. Cataract morphology was documented with darkfield illumination photography. Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) content was analyzed in Glrx(-/-) and Glrx(+/+) lenses. UVR-B exposure induced anterior sub-capsular cataract (ASC) in Glrx(-/-) and Glrx(+/+) mice. In Glrx(-/-) lenses the opacities extended further towards the lens equator than in wild type animals (Glrx(+/+)). Lens light scattering in Glrx(-/-) mice was increased in all dose groups compared to lenses with normal glutaredoxin1 function. The difference was more pronounced with increasing exposure dose. Lens sensitivity for UVR-B induced damage was significantly higher in Glrx(-/-) lenses compared to Glrx(+/+) lenses. The Glrx gene provides a 44% increase of protection against close to threshold UVR-B induced oxidative stress compared to the absence of the Glrx gene. In conclusion, the absence of glutaredoxin1 increases lens susceptibility to UVR-B induced oxidative stress in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Meyer
- Herzog Carl Theodor Eye Clinic, Nymphenburgerstrasse 43, Munich, Germany.
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15
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Mody VC, Kakar M, Elfving A, Löfgren S. Drinking water supplementation with ascorbate is not protective against UVR-B-induced cataract in the guinea pig. Acta Ophthalmol 2008; 86:188-95. [PMID: 17944982 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0420.2007.01022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study if ascorbate supplementation decreases ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced cataract development in the guinea pig. METHODS Sixty 6-9-week-old pigmented guinea pigs received drinking water supplemented with or without 5.5 mm l-ascorbate for 4 weeks. After supplementation, 40 animals were exposed unilaterally in vivo under anaesthesia to 80 kJ/m(2) UVR-B. One day later, the animals were killed and lenses were extracted. Degree of cataract was quantified by measurement of intensity of forward lens light scattering. Lens ascorbate concentration was determined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UVR detection at 254 nm. Twenty animals were used as non-exposed control. RESULTS Supplementation increased lens ascorbate concentration significantly. In UVR-exposed animals, mean 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for animal-averaged lens ascorbate concentration (micromol/g wet weight lens) were 0.54 +/- 0.07 (no ascorbate) and 0.83 +/- 0.05 (5.5 mm ascorbate). In non-exposed control animals, mean 95% CIs for animal-averaged lens ascorbate concentration (micromol/g wet weight lens) were 0.72 +/- 0.12 (0 mm ascorbate) and 0.90 +/- 0.15 (5.5 mm ascorbate). All non-exposed lenses were devoid of cataract. Superficial anterior cataract developed in all UVR-exposed lenses. The lens light scattering was 39.2 +/- 14.1 milli transformed equivalent diazepam concentration (m(tEDC)) without and 35.9 +/- 14.0 m(tEDC) with ascorbate supplementation. CONCLUSION Superficial anterior cataract develops in lenses exposed to UVR-B. Ascorbate supplementation is non-toxic to both UVR-B-exposed lenses and non-exposed control lenses. Ascorbate supplementation does not reduce in vivo lens forward light scattering secondary to UVR-B exposure in the guinea pig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vino C Mody
- St Erik's Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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16
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Dose dependent cataractogenesis and Maximum Tolerable Dose (MTD2.3:16) for UVR 300nm-induced cataract in C57BL/6J mice. Exp Eye Res 2008; 86:282-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2007.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2007] [Revised: 10/17/2007] [Accepted: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Saito M, Ueo M, Kametaka S, Saigo O, Uchida S, Hosaka H, Sakamoto K, Nakahara T, Mori A, Ishii K. Attenuation of Cataract Progression by A-3922, a Dihydrobenzofuran Derivative, in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:1959-63. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.1959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maki Saito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iwate Medical University
| | - Mayumi Ueo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Sokichi Kametaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Orie Saigo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Seiichi Uchida
- Department of Biological Research, Division 2, Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd
| | - Hideo Hosaka
- Department of Biological Research, Division 2, Odawara Research Center, Nippon Soda Co., Ltd
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Tsutomu Nakahara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Asami Mori
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Kunio Ishii
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
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