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Tajiri N, Kato T, Satoh M, Iizuka M, Taniguchi M, Kitaichi N, Iwabuchi K. The protective function of invariant natural killer T cells in the relapse of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. Exp Eye Res 2020; 203:108406. [PMID: 33347870 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in mice provides a useful platform to study the pathogenesis and experimental therapeutics of human uveitis. One often used EAU model employs C57BL/6 (B6) mice sensitized with a peptide residue having 1 to 20 amino acids of human interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (hIRBP1-20). The model using the B6 background has permitted a liberal use of genetically engineered strains and has provided insights for understanding uveoretinitis. However, this is usually acute/monophasic and does not represent human uveoretinitis that is characterized as a chronic/recurrent disease. Several chronic/recurrent EAU models have been developed; of these, we employed administration of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) for relapse in the present study, and found that recurrence was induced at day 24 after primary immunization, which is thought to be the convalescent phase. We reported the activation of invariant natural killer T (iNKT)-cells upon primary immunization of the EAU model mice with the ligand RCAI-56, which was found to mitigate the disease in our previous study. Here, we first attempted to ameliorate EAU in the relapse model using a preventive regimen by activating iNKT cells at the same time relapse induction (day 24) or in a regimen after 3 days of relapse induction (day 27). The preventive as well as post-inductive regimens were successful in reducing histopathological scores by inhibiting the Ag-specific Th17-biased response. Collectively, activation of iNKT cells may be useful to mitigate the relapse response of EAU induced with SEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Tajiri
- Program in Cellular Immunology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Taiki Kato
- Program in Cellular Immunology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Masashi Satoh
- Program in Cellular Immunology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan; Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - Misao Iizuka
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | - Nobuyoshi Kitaichi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Japan; Health Science University of Hokkaido Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Iwabuchi
- Program in Cellular Immunology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan; Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan.
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Zhou P, Zhang XS, Xu ZB, Gao SX, Zheng QW, Xu MZ, Shen L, Yu F, Guan JC. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B administration in pregnant rats alters the splenic lymphocyte response in adult offspring rats. BMC Microbiol 2017; 17:1. [PMID: 28049431 PMCID: PMC5210265 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0921-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our previous study suggested that SEB exposure in pregnant rats could lead to the change of T cells subpopulation in both peripheral blood and thymus of the offspring rats. However, rarely is known about the influence of SEB exposure in pregnant rats on T cell subpopulation in the spleens of offspring rats. Results SEB was intravenously administered to the pregnant rats at gestational day 16 in this study. The percentages, in vivo and in vitro responses of CD4 and CD8 T cells were investigated with flow cytometry. The prenatal SEB exposure obviously increased splenic CD4 T cell percentages of both neonates and adult offspring rats, and obviously reduced splenic CD8 T cell percentages of both the fifth day neonates and adult offspring rats. After spleens in the adult offspring rats were re-stimulated with SEB in vivo or in vitro, in vivo SEB stimulation could lead to the marked decrease of splenic CD4 T cell percentage and the marked increase of splenic CD8 T cell percentage. While in vitro SEB stimulation to the cultured splenocytes markedly decreased the proliferation of the splenic lymphocytes and the CD4 T cell percentage, and had no influence on CD8 T cell percentage. Conclusion The prenatal SEB exposure could alter the percentages of CD4/CD8 T cell subpopulation and the response of CD4 and CD8 T cells to the in vivo and in vitro secondary SEB stimulation in the splenocytes of adult offspring rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Sheng Zhang
- Editorial Board of Journal of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ben Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Xian Gao
- Department of Microbiology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Wei Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Zhu Xu
- Department of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Shen
- Scientific Research Center, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yu
- Huzhou University Schools of Medicine and Nursing Science, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Chang Guan
- Department of Microbiology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Dong Hai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, People's Republic of China.
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Pásztói M, Misják P, György B, Aradi B, Szabó TG, Szántó B, Holub MC, Nagy G, Falus A, Buzás EI. Infection and autoimmunity: Lessons of animal models. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2011; 1:198-207. [PMID: 24516725 DOI: 10.1556/eujmi.1.2011.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While the key initiating processes that trigger human autoimmune diseases remain enigmatic, increasing evidences support the concept that microbial stimuli are among major environmental factors eliciting autoimmune diseases in genetically susceptible individuals. Here, we present an overview of evidences obtained through various experimental models of autoimmunity for the role of microbial stimuli in disease development. Disease onset and severity have been compared in numerous models under conventional, specific-pathogen-free and germ-free conditions. The results of these experiments suggest that there is no uniform scheme that could describe the role played by infectious agents in the experimental models of autoimmunity. While some models are dependent, others prove to be completely independent of microbial stimuli. In line with the threshold hypothesis of autoimmune diseases, highly relevant genetic factors or microbial stimuli induce autoimmunity on their own, without requiring further factors. Importantly, recent evidences show that colonization of germ-free animals with certain members of the commensal flora [such as segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB)] may lead to autoimmunity. These data drive attention to the importance of the complex composition of gut flora in maintaining immune homeostasis. The intriguing observation obtained in autoimmune animal models that parasites often confer protection against autoimmune disease development may suggest new therapeutic perspectives of infectious agents in autoimmunity.
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