1
|
Singh NK, Sahu SK. Rho-kinase inhibitors: Role in corneal endothelial disorders. Semin Ophthalmol 2023; 38:9-14. [PMID: 35993293 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2022.2112698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This exhaustive review of published literature aims to put forth the current understanding, and experiences of the role Rho-kinase inhibitors play in the management of corneal endothelial disorders. METHODS A meticulous search for PubMed and Medline databases was carried out using keywords 'rho-kinase inhibitors', 'corneal endothelial disorders', 'rho-kinase inhibitors in corneal endothelial disorders', and 'fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy'. The articles published in last five years relevant to the area of interest were selected and compiled in a chronological order to write this review. RESULTS Published research shows the proven role of rho-kinase inhibitors in promoting endothelial proliferation and suppressing its apoptosis. It has shown to be effective in the treatment of endothelial diseases and endothelial cell loss due to other causes in small clinical studies. It has also shown to promote growth of human corneal endothelial cell culture suitable for transplantation. The side effects of topical rho-kinase inhibitors are minimal and self-limiting. CONCLUSION Rho-kinase inhibitors show immense promise in providing a non-surgical therapy for treatment of endothelial disorders. If consistent results are demonstrated through large clinical trials then this can be a major breakthrough in treating endothelial decompensation and reduce our dependence on endothelial keratoplasty for the same.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nimish Kumar Singh
- Cornea & Anterior Segment Services, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Srikant Kumar Sahu
- Cornea & Anterior Segment Services, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Mithu Tulsi Chanrai Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qiu JN, Shan K, Xiang J, Gu JY, Zhou RM, Zhang XL, Zhang CR, Xu JJ. Comprehensive Analysis of circRNA-Associated-ceRNA Networks in Human Corneal Endothelial Dysfunction. Cornea 2022; 41:1545-1552. [PMID: 35965398 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression through the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism. CircRNA-associated-ceRNA networks are closely related to oxidative stress-related diseases. Oxidative stress-induced dysfunction of the corneal endothelium (CE) is a major pathological feature in many corneal diseases. This study was aimed to analyze circRNA-associated-ceRNA networks in oxidative stress-induced CE dysfunction. METHODS A CE dysfunction model was established using human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs) treated with H2O2 at a concentration of 250 μM for 4 hours at 37°C. High-throughput sequencing was conducted to determine the expression profiles of circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA. Bioinformatic analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, were conducted to identify the potential biological modules and pathologic pathways of dysregulated circRNAs. CircRNA-associated-ceRNA networks were established based on the data of sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. RESULTS We obtained 108 differentially expressed circRNAs, including 77 upregulated and 31 downregulated circRNAs. GO analysis suggested that dysregulated circRNAs were mainly targeted to protein quality control for misfolded or incompletely synthesized proteins (biologic process), nuclear chromatin (cellular component), and ubiquitin protein ligase binding (molecular function). GO terms related to CE functions responding to oxidative stress were also identified. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated that dysregulated circRNAs were mostly enriched in the adherens junction pathway. Network analysis identified several potential therapeutic targets for CE dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS CircRNAs are significantly dysregulated in HCECs under oxidative stress. The circRNA-associated-ceRNA networks are closely related to HCEC functions. Targeting these networks might provide novel therapies for CE dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ni Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and.,Department of Ophthalmology, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Shan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and.,Department of Ophthalmology, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and.,Department of Ophthalmology, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Yu Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Rong-Mei Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and.,Department of Ophthalmology, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Ling Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and.,Department of Ophthalmology, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Ran Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and.,Department of Ophthalmology, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Jiang Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; and.,Department of Ophthalmology, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Phenotypic and functional characterization of corneal endothelial cells during in vitro expansion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7402. [PMID: 32366916 PMCID: PMC7198491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of cell culture-based methods for the establishment and expansion of human corneal endothelial cells (CEnC) has provided a source of transplantable corneal endothelium, with a significant potential to challenge the one donor-one recipient paradigm. However, concerns over cell identity remain, and a comprehensive characterization of the cultured CEnC across serial passages has not been performed. To this end, we compared two established CEnC culture methods by assessing the transcriptomic changes that occur during in vitro expansion. In confluent monolayers, low mitogenic culture conditions preserved corneal endothelial cell state identity better than culture in high mitogenic conditions. Expansion by continuous passaging induced replicative cell senescence. Transcriptomic analysis of the senescent phenotype identified a cell senescence signature distinct for CEnC. We identified activation of both classic and new cell signaling pathways that may be targeted to prevent senescence, a significant barrier to realizing the potential clinical utility of in vitro expansion.
Collapse
|