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Kwabiah RR, Weiland E, Henderson S, Vasquez I, Paradis H, Tucker D, Dimitrov I, Gardiner D, Tucker S, Newhook N, Boyce D, Scapigliati G, Kirby S, Santander J, Gendron RL. Increased water temperature contributes to a chondrogenesis response in the eyes of spotted wolffish. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12508. [PMID: 38822021 PMCID: PMC11143355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Adult vertebrate cartilage is usually quiescent. Some vertebrates possess ocular scleral skeletons composed of cartilage or bone. The morphological characteristics of the spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor) scleral skeleton have not been described. Here we assessed the scleral skeletons of cultured spotted wolffish, a globally threatened marine species. The healthy spotted wolffish we assessed had scleral skeletons with a low percentage of cells staining for the chondrogenesis marker sex-determining region Y-box (Sox) 9, but harboured a population of intraocular cells that co-express immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Sox9. Scleral skeletons of spotted wolffish with grossly observable eye abnormalities displayed a high degree of perochondrial activation as evidenced by cellular morphology and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and phosphotyrosine. Cells staining for cluster of differentiation (CD) 45 and IgM accumulated around sites of active chondrogenesis, which contained cells that strongly expressed Sox9. The level of scleral chondrogenesis and the numbers of scleral cartilage PCNA positive cells increased with the temperature of the water in which spotted wolffish were cultured. Our results provide new knowledge of differing Sox9 spatial tissue expression patterns during chondrogenesis in normal control and ocular insult paradigms. Our work also provides evidence that spotted wolffish possess an inherent scleral chondrogenesis response that may be sensitive to temperature. This work also advances the fundamental knowledge of teleost ocular skeletal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca R Kwabiah
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Lab, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Eva Weiland
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Lab, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Straße 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Henderson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Ignacio Vasquez
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Lab, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Hélène Paradis
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Denise Tucker
- Dr. Joe Brown Aquatic Research Building (JBARB), Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Iliana Dimitrov
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Danielle Gardiner
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Stephanie Tucker
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Nicholas Newhook
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Danny Boyce
- Dr. Joe Brown Aquatic Research Building (JBARB), Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | | | - Simon Kirby
- Discipline of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Javier Santander
- Marine Microbial Pathogenesis and Vaccinology Lab, Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Robert L Gendron
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada.
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Falcón J, Torriglia A, Attia D, Viénot F, Gronfier C, Behar-Cohen F, Martinsons C, Hicks D. Exposure to Artificial Light at Night and the Consequences for Flora, Fauna, and Ecosystems. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:602796. [PMID: 33304237 PMCID: PMC7701298 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.602796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review draws together wide-ranging studies performed over the last decades that catalogue the effects of artificial-light-at-night (ALAN) upon living species and their environment. We provide an overview of the tremendous variety of light-detection strategies which have evolved in living organisms - unicellular, plants and animals, covering chloroplasts (plants), and the plethora of ocular and extra-ocular organs (animals). We describe the visual pigments which permit photo-detection, paying attention to their spectral characteristics, which extend from the ultraviolet into infrared. We discuss how organisms use light information in a way crucial for their development, growth and survival: phototropism, phototaxis, photoperiodism, and synchronization of circadian clocks. These aspects are treated in depth, as their perturbation underlies much of the disruptive effects of ALAN. The review goes into detail on circadian networks in living organisms, since these fundamental features are of critical importance in regulating the interface between environment and body. Especially, hormonal synthesis and secretion are often under circadian and circannual control, hence perturbation of the clock will lead to hormonal imbalance. The review addresses how the ubiquitous introduction of light-emitting diode technology may exacerbate, or in some cases reduce, the generalized ever-increasing light pollution. Numerous examples are given of how widespread exposure to ALAN is perturbing many aspects of plant and animal behaviour and survival: foraging, orientation, migration, seasonal reproduction, colonization and more. We examine the potential problems at the level of individual species and populations and extend the debate to the consequences for ecosystems. We stress, through a few examples, the synergistic harmful effects resulting from the impacts of ALAN combined with other anthropogenic pressures, which often impact the neuroendocrine loops in vertebrates. The article concludes by debating how these anthropogenic changes could be mitigated by more reasonable use of available technology - for example by restricting illumination to more essential areas and hours, directing lighting to avoid wasteful radiation and selecting spectral emissions, to reduce impact on circadian clocks. We end by discussing how society should take into account the potentially major consequences that ALAN has on the natural world and the repercussions for ongoing human health and welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Falcón
- Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS FRE 2030, SU, IRD 207, UCN, UA, Paris, France
| | - Alicia Torriglia
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U 1138, Ophtalmopole Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris - SU, Paris, France
| | - Dina Attia
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Claude Gronfier
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Waking Team, Inserm UMRS 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U 1138, Ophtalmopole Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris - SU, Paris, France
| | | | - David Hicks
- Inserm, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Bammidi S, Modgil S, Kalra J, Anand A. Human Fetal Pigmented Ciliary Epithelium Stem Cells have Regenerative Capacity in the Murine Retinal Degeneration Model of Laser Injury. Curr Neurovasc Res 2020; 16:187-193. [PMID: 31258084 DOI: 10.2174/1567202616666190618123931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal degeneration and related eye disorders have limited treatment interventions. Since stem cell therapy has shown promising results, ciliary epithelium (CE) derived stem cells could be a better choice given the fact that cells from eye niche can better integrate with the degenerating retina, rewiring the synaptic damage. OBJECTIVE To test the effect of human fetal pigmented ciliary epithelium-derived neurospheres in the mouse model of laser-induced retinal degeneration. METHODS C57 male mice were subjected to retinal injury by Laser photocoagulation. Human fetal pigmented ciliary epithelium was obtained from post-aborted human eyeballs and cultured with epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) and fibroblast growth factor (rhFGF). The six day neurospheres were isolated, dissociated and transplanted into the subretinal space of the laser injured mice at the closest proximity to Laser shots. Mice were analyzed for functional vision through electroretinogram (ERG) and sacrificed at 1 week and 12 week time points. Retinal, Neurotropic, Apoptotic and proliferation markers were analysed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS The CE neurospheres showed an increase in the expression of candidate genes analyzed in the study at 1 week time point, which sustained for longer time point of 12 weeks. CONCLUSION We showed the efficacy of human CE cells in the regeneration of retinal degeneration in murine model for the first time. CE cells need to be explored comprehensively both in disease and degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Bammidi
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shweta Modgil
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jaswinder Kalra
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akshay Anand
- Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Tang Q, Xie M, Yu S, Zhou X, Xie Y, Chen G, Guo F, Chen L. Periodic Oxaliplatin Administration in Synergy with PER2-Mediated PCNA Transcription Repression Promotes Chronochemotherapeutic Efficacy of OSCC. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900667. [PMID: 31728273 PMCID: PMC6839751 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Developing chemotherapeutic resistance affects clinical outcomes of oxaliplatin treatment on various types of cancer. Thus, it is imperative to explore alternative therapeutic strategies to improve the efficacy of oxaliplatin. Here, it is shown that circadian regulator period 2 (PER2) can potentiate the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin and boost cell apoptosis by inhibiting DNA adducts repair in human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. The circadian timing system is closely involved in controling the activity of DNA adducts repair and gives it a 24 h rhythm. The mechanistic dissection clarifies that PER2 can periodically suppress proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) transcription by pulling down circadian locomotor output cycles kaput-brain and muscle arnt-like 1 heterodimer from PCNA promoter in a CRY1/2-dependent manner, which subsequently impedes oxaliplatin-induced DNA adducts repair. Similarly, PER2 is capable of improving the efficacy of classical DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents. The tumor-bearing mouse model displays PER2 can be deployed as an oxaliplatin administration timing biomarker. In summary, it is believed that the chronochemotherapeutic strategy matching PER2 expression rhythm can efficiently improve the oxaliplatin efficacy of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Tang
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Mengru Xie
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Shaoling Yu
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Yanling Xie
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Guangjin Chen
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Fengyuan Guo
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of StomatologyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
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DeOliveira-Mello L, Lara JM, Arevalo R, Velasco A, Mack AF. Sox2 expression in the visual system of two teleost species. Brain Res 2019; 1722:146350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ahmad R, Paradis H, Boyce D, McDonald J, Gendron RL. Novel characteristics of the cultured Lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus eye during post-hatch larval and juvenile developmental stages. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2019; 94:297-312. [PMID: 30565257 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We systematically analysed the characteristics of the Cyclopterus lumpus eye and retina during cultured post-hatch developmental stages using gross observations, histology, immunohistochemistry, microscopy, fundus imaging and spectral domain optical coherence tomography retinal imaging. Post-hatch developing cultured C. lumpus eye and retinal tissues share a number of features typically conserved in other teleost fish. However, cultured C. lumpus possess some novel ocular and retinal features different from previous descriptions of other teleosts, including a prominent retractor lentis pigmented tissue closely associated with the vascular rete mirabile, peripherally located lobes of separate retinal tissue containing proliferative cells, extensive tapetum material of varying thickness, prominent fundus stripes and an elongated rod-shaped optic nerve stalk. Post-hatch developing cultured C. lumpus also developmentally regulate a protein homologous to alpha smooth-muscle actin in strikingly dense continuous bands in the plexiform layers of the retina. The novel features of the eye and retina of cultured C. lumpus described here could contribute to our understanding of fitness and survival of C. lumpus in a widely ranging habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raahyma Ahmad
- Division of Biomedical Science, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Helene Paradis
- Division of Biomedical Science, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Danny Boyce
- Department of Ocean Science, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - James McDonald
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | - Robert L Gendron
- Division of Biomedical Science, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
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