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Hamadmad S, Heisler-Taylor T, Goswami S, Hawthorn E, Chaurasia S, Martini D, Summitt D, Zaatari A, Urbanski EG, Bernstein K, Racine J, Satoskar A, El-Hodiri HM, Fischer AJ, Cebulla CM. Ibudilast Protects Retinal Bipolar Cells from Excitotoxic Retinal Damage and Activates the mTOR Pathway. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.18.585556. [PMID: 38562805 PMCID: PMC10983953 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.585556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Ibudilast, an inhibitor of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and phosphodiesterase (PDE), has been recently shown to have neuroprotective effects in a variety of neurologic diseases. We utilize a chick excitotoxic retinal damage model to investigate ibudilast's potential to protect retinal neurons. Using single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), we find that MIF, putative MIF receptors CD74 and CD44, and several PDEs are upregulated in different retinal cells during damage. Intravitreal ibudilast is well tolerated in the eye and causes no evidence of toxicity. Ibudilast effectively protects neurons in the inner nuclear layer from NMDA-induced cell death, restores retinal layer thickness on spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and preserves retinal neuron function, particularly for the ON bipolar cells, as assessed by electroretinography. PDE inhibition seems essential for ibudilast's neuroprotection, as AV1013, the analogue that lacks PDE inhibitor activity, is ineffective. scRNA-seq analysis reveals upregulation of multiple signaling pathways, including mTOR, in damaged Müller glia (MG) with ibudilast treatment compared to AV1013. Components of mTORC1 and mTORC2 are upregulated in both bipolar cells and MG with ibudilast. The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin blocked accumulation of pS6 but did not reduce TUNEL positive dying cells. Additionally, through ligand-receptor interaction analysis, crosstalk between bipolar cells and MG may be important for neuroprotection. We have identified several paracrine signaling pathways that are known to contribute to cell survival and neuroprotection and might play essential roles in ibudilast function. These findings highlight ibudilast's potential to protect inner retinal neurons during damage and show promise for future clinical translation.
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Nashine S, Kenney MC. Effects of Humanin G (HNG) on angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers in Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Mitochondrion 2024; 74:101818. [PMID: 38029849 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Advanced stages of Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) are characterized by retinal neurodegeneration and aberrant angiogenesis, and mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of AMD. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that Humanin G (HNG), a cytoprotective mitochondrial-derived peptide, positively regulates cell proliferation, cell death, and the protein levels of angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers, in normal (control) and AMD RPE transmitochondrial cybrid cell lines. These normal and AMD RPE transmitochondrial cybrid cell lines had identical nuclei derived from mitochondria-deficient ARPE-19 cell line, but differed in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content that was derived from clinically characterized AMD patients and normal (control) subjects. Cell lysates were extracted from untreated and HNG-treated AMD and normal (control) cybrid cell lines, and the Luminex XMAP multiplex assay was used to examine the protein levels of angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers. Humanin G reduced Caspase-3/7-mediated apoptosis, improved cell proliferation, and normalized the protein levels of angiogenesis and neurodegeneration markers in AMD RPE cybrid cell lines, thereby suggesting Humanin G's positive regulatory role in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Nashine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - M Cristina Kenney
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Rivera LA, Hernández PE, Vannan DT, Reyes JL, Rodríguez T, Sánchez-Barrera Á, González MI, Bustos J, Ramos OA, Juárez I, Rodriguez-Sosa M, Vázquez A. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) is a Key Player in Dry Eye Disease. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023:1-15. [PMID: 38127798 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2290624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the role of the proinflammatory cytokine, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), in a murine model of dry eye disease (DED). METHODS The role of MIF on DED was determined using genetically MIF deficient mice and pharmacological inhibition of MIF. DED was induced with 0.5 mg of scopolamine via subcutaneous injection in wild type (WT) and mice lacking MIF (Mif-/-), three times a day for 21 days. DED signs, tear volume, ferning pattern and cytology impression were evaluated. Also, eye tissues were collected to determine transcripts of key inflammatory mediators and histopathological damage. In a second set of experiments, we neutralized MIF with ISO-1, an isozaxiline-derivative MIF tautomerase activity-inhibiting small molecule in WT mice, following an acute DED model for 10 days. ISO-1 was given starting on day 3 after DED induction and signs were evaluated, including a recovery phase in both experimental approaches. RESULTS When compared to WT, Mif-/- mice showed attenuated signs of DED like preserved mucin pattern and increased tear volume. Also, Mif-/- mice maintained conjunctival epithelial cells and less corneal damage, associated with lower levels of TNFα and IL-1β. At recovery phase, Mif-/- mice presented improved signs. Interestingly, in cornea and conjunctiva the absence of MIF selectively downregulated the transcription of inflammatory enzymes like inos and nox4 whereas displayed enhanced transcripts of il-4, il-13, tgfβ and cox2. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of MIF using ISO-1, replicated the above findings in the mouse model. CONCLUSION MIF is a central positive mediator of the inflammatory process in experimental DED, thus, targeting MIF could be used as a novel therapy in ocular surface inflammatory pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Rivera
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Inflamatorias Oculares, Carrera de Optometría, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - Pablo E Hernández
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Inflamatorias Oculares, Carrera de Optometría, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - Danielle T Vannan
- Boston Scientific, 300 Boston Scientific Way, Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA
| | - José L Reyes
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental y Regulación de la Inflamación Hepato-Intestinal, UBIMED, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - Tonathiu Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Inflamatorias Oculares, Carrera de Optometría, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - Ángel Sánchez-Barrera
- Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología, UBIMED, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - Marisol I González
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental y Regulación de la Inflamación Hepato-Intestinal, UBIMED, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - José Bustos
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular e Inmunología de Arbovirus, UBIMED, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, Estado de México
| | - Oscar A Ramos
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Inflamatorias Oculares, Carrera de Optometría, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - Imelda Juárez
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata, UBIMED, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - Miriam Rodriguez-Sosa
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata, UBIMED, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
| | - Alicia Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Inflamatorias Oculares, Carrera de Optometría, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla de Baz, México
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Hjæresen S, Sejbaek T, Axelsson M, Mortensen SK, Vinsløv-Jensen H, Pihl-Jensen G, Novakova L, Pedersen CB, Halle B, Poulsen FR, Zhang M, Benedikz E, Frederiksen JL, Lycke J, Illes Z, Fex-Svenningsen Å. MIF in the cerebrospinal fluid is decreased during relapsing-remitting while increased in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2022; 439:120320. [PMID: 35717879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is involved in the function of both the innate and adaptive immune systems and in neuroprotection and has recently been implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVES Determination of MIF levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with distinct subtypes of MS and the cellular localization of MIF in human brain tissue. METHODS The levels of MIF were investigated in CSF from patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) (n = 26), relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) (n = 22), secondary progressive MS (SPMS) (n = 19), and healthy controls (HCs) (n = 24), using ELISA. The effect of disease-modifying therapies in the RRMS and SPMS cohorts were examined. Cellular distribution of MIF in the human brain was studied using immunochemistry and the newly available OligoInternode database. RESULTS MIF was significantly decreased in treatment-naïve CIS and RRMS patients compared to HCs but was elevated in SPMS. Interestingly, MIF levels were sex-dependent and significantly higher in women with CIS and RRMS. MIF expression in the human brain was localized to neurons, astrocytes, pericytes, and oligo5 oligodendrocytes but not in microglia. CONCLUSION The finding that MIF was decreased in newly diagnosed CIS and RRMS patients but was high in patients with SPMS may suggest that MIF levels in CSF are regulated by local MIF receptor expression that affects the overall MIF signaling in the brain and may represent a protective mechanism that eventually fails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Hjæresen
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Molecular Medicine, J.B. Winsløws vej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark; BRIDGE - Brain Research InterDisciplinary Guided Excellence, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Tobias Sejbaek
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Regional Health Research, 5000 Odense, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Department of Neurology, Southwest Jutland University Hospital, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark.
| | - Markus Axelsson
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, and Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Sif Kløvedal Mortensen
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Molecular Medicine, J.B. Winsløws vej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark.
| | - Helle Vinsløv-Jensen
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Molecular Medicine, J.B. Winsløws vej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Gorm Pihl-Jensen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lenka Novakova
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, and Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Christian Bonde Pedersen
- Odense University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Institute and University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; BRIDGE - Brain Research InterDisciplinary Guided Excellence, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Bo Halle
- Odense University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Institute and University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; BRIDGE - Brain Research InterDisciplinary Guided Excellence, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Frantz Rom Poulsen
- Odense University Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Institute and University of Southern Denmark, Denmark; BRIDGE - Brain Research InterDisciplinary Guided Excellence, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Mengliang Zhang
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Molecular Medicine, J.B. Winsløws vej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark; BRIDGE - Brain Research InterDisciplinary Guided Excellence, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Eirikur Benedikz
- University of Southern Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, J.B. Winsløws vej 19., 5000 Odense, Denmark.
| | | | - Jan Lycke
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, and Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Zsolt Illes
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Molecular Medicine, J.B. Winsløws vej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Odense University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Odense, Denmark; BRIDGE - Brain Research InterDisciplinary Guided Excellence, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Åsa Fex-Svenningsen
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Molecular Medicine, J.B. Winsløws vej 21, 5000 Odense, Denmark; BRIDGE - Brain Research InterDisciplinary Guided Excellence, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Abu El-Asrar AM, Ahmad A, Siddiquei MM, De Zutter A, Allegaert E, Gikandi PW, De Hertogh G, Van Damme J, Opdenakker G, Struyf S. The Proinflammatory and Proangiogenic Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Is a Potential Regulator in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2752. [PMID: 31866994 PMCID: PMC6904364 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)/CD74 signaling pathway is strongly implicated in inflammation and angiogenesis. We investigated the expression of MIF and its receptor CD74 in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) to reveal a possible role of this pathway in the pathogenesis of PDR. Levels of MIF, soluble (s)CD74, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly increased in the vitreous from patients with PDR compared to nondiabetic control samples. We detected significant positive correlations between the levels of MIF and the levels of sICAM-1 (r = 0.43; p = 0.001) and VEGF (r = 0.7; p < 0.001). Through immunohistochemical analysis of PDR epiretinal membranes, significant positive correlations were also found between microvessel density (CD31 expression) and the numbers of blood vessels expressing MIF (r = 0.56; p = 0.045) and stromal cells expressing MIF (r = 0.79; p = 0.001) and CD74 (r = 0.59; p = 0.045). Similar to VEGF, MIF was induced in Müller cells cultured under hypoxic conditions and MIF induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and VEGF production in Müller cells. Intravitreal administration of MIF in normal rats induced increased retinal vascular permeability and significant upregulation of phospho-ERK1/2, NF-κB, ICAM-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in the retina. MIF induced migration and proliferation of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. These results suggest that MIF/CD74 signaling is involved in PDR angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Abu El-Asrar
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Dr. Nasser Al-Rashid Research Chair in Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajmal Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Alexandra De Zutter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eef Allegaert
- Laboratory of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Priscilla W Gikandi
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gert De Hertogh
- Laboratory of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jo Van Damme
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Struyf
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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