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Sarabia-Sánchez MA, Robles-Flores M. WNT Signaling in Stem Cells: A Look into the Non-Canonical Pathway. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:52-66. [PMID: 37804416 PMCID: PMC10799802 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Tissue homeostasis is crucial for multicellular organisms, wherein the loss of cells is compensated by generating new cells with the capacity for proliferation and differentiation. At the origin of these populations are the stem cells, which have the potential to give rise to cells with both capabilities, and persevere for a long time through the self-renewal and quiescence. Since the discovery of stem cells, an enormous effort has been focused on learning about their functions and the molecular regulation behind them. Wnt signaling is widely recognized as essential for normal and cancer stem cell. Moreover, β-catenin-dependent Wnt pathway, referred to as canonical, has gained attention, while β-catenin-independent Wnt pathways, known as non-canonical, have remained conspicuously less explored. However, recent evidence about non-canonical Wnt pathways in stem cells begins to lay the foundations of a conceivably vast field, and on which we aim to explain this in the present review. In this regard, we addressed the different aspects in which non-canonical Wnt pathways impact the properties of stem cells, both under normal conditions and also under disease, specifically in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Sarabia-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha Robles-Flores
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
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2
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Wan X, Zhao S, Dai Y, Zhang J, Shen Y, Gong L, Le Q. WNT16b promotes the proliferation and self-renewal of human limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells via activating the calcium/calcineurin A/NFATC2 pathway. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13460. [PMID: 36974338 PMCID: PMC10542615 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous finding revealed that WNT16b promoted the proliferation of human limbal epithelial stem cells (hLESCs) through a β-catenin independent pathway. Here, we aimed to explore its underlying molecular mechanism and evaluate its potential in the treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Based on the findings of mRNA-sequencing, the expression of key molecules in WNT/calcineurin A/NFATC2 signalling pathway was investigated in WNT16b-co-incubated hLESCs and control hLESCs. An epithelial wound healing model was established on Wnt16b-KO mice to confirm the regulatory effect of WNT16b in vivo. The therapeutic potential of WNT16b-co-incubated hLESCs was also evaluated in mice with LSCD. Our findings showed that WNT16b bound with Frizzled7, promoted the release of Ca2+ and activated calcineurin A and NFATC2. With the translocation of NFATC2 into cell nucleus and the activation of HDAC3, WDR5 and GCN5L2, the expression of H3K4me3, H3K14ac and H3K27ac in the promoter regions of FoxM1 and c-MYC increased, which led to hLESC proliferation. The effect of the WNT16b/calcium/calcineurin A/NFATC2 pathway on LESC homeostasis maintenance and corneal epithelial repair was confirmed in Wnt16b-KO mice. Moreover, WNT16b-coincubated hLESCs could reconstruct a stable ocular surface and inhibit corneal neovascularization in mice with LSCD. In conclusion, WNT16b enhances the proliferation and maintains the stemness of hLESCs by activating the non-canonical calcium/calcineurin A/NFATC2 pathway in vitro and in vivo, and accelerates corneal epithelial wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichen Wan
- Department of OphthalmologyEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
| | - Songjiao Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yiqin Dai
- Department of OphthalmologyEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
- Research CentreEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of OphthalmologyEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
- Research CentreEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of OphthalmologyEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
| | - Lan Gong
- Department of OphthalmologyEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
- Myopia Key Laboratory of Ministry of HealthEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
| | - Qihua Le
- Department of OphthalmologyEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
- Research CentreEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
- Myopia Key Laboratory of Ministry of HealthEye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan UniversityFudanChina
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3
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Shah R, Amador C, Chun ST, Ghiam S, Saghizadeh M, Kramerov AA, Ljubimov AV. Non-canonical Wnt signaling in the eye. Prog Retin Eye Res 2023; 95:101149. [PMID: 36443219 PMCID: PMC10209355 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling comprises a group of complex signal transduction pathways that play critical roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis during development, as well as in stem cell maintenance and adult tissue homeostasis. Wnt pathways are classified into two major groups, canonical (β-catenin-dependent) or non-canonical (β-catenin-independent). Most previous studies in the eye have focused on canonical Wnt signaling, and the role of non-canonical signaling remains poorly understood. Additionally, the crosstalk between canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling in the eye has hardly been explored. In this review, we present an overview of available data on ocular non-canonical Wnt signaling, including developmental and functional aspects in different eye compartments. We also discuss important changes of this signaling in various ocular conditions, such as keratoconus, aniridia-related keratopathy, diabetes, age-related macular degeneration, optic nerve damage, pathological angiogenesis, and abnormalities in the trabecular meshwork and conjunctival cells, and limbal stem cell deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Shah
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia Amador
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Steven T Chun
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sean Ghiam
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Sackler School of Medicine, New York State/American Program of Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mehrnoosh Saghizadeh
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrei A Kramerov
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander V Ljubimov
- Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Regenerative Medicine Institute Eye Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Ra’oh NA, Man RC, Fauzi MB, Ghafar NA, Buyong MR, Hwei NM, Halim WHWA. Recent Approaches to the Modification of Collagen Biomatrix as a Corneal Biomatrix and Its Cellular Interaction. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071766. [PMID: 37050380 PMCID: PMC10097332 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last several decades, numerous modifications and advancements have been made to design the optimal corneal biomatrix for corneal epithelial cell (CECs) or limbal epithelial stem cell (LESC) carriers. However, researchers have yet to discover the ideal optimization strategies for corneal biomatrix design and its effects on cultured CECs or LESCs. This review discusses and summarizes recent optimization strategies for developing an ideal collagen biomatrix and its interactions with CECs and LESCs. Using PRISMA guidelines, articles published from June 2012 to June 2022 were systematically searched using Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, PubMed, Wiley, and EBSCOhost databases. The literature search identified 444 potential relevant published articles, with 29 relevant articles selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria following screening and appraising processes. Physicochemical and biocompatibility (in vitro and in vivo) characterization methods are highlighted, which are inconsistent throughout various studies. Despite the variability in the methodology approach, it is postulated that the modification of the collagen biomatrix improves its mechanical and biocompatibility properties toward CECs and LESCs. All findings are discussed in this review, which provides a general view of recent trends in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Amalia Ra’oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Rohaina Che Man
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Norzana Abd Ghafar
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Ng Min Hwei
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Wan Haslina Wan Abdul Halim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
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ROCK ‘n TOR: An Outlook on Keratinocyte Stem Cell Expansion in Regenerative Medicine via Protein Kinase Inhibition. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071130. [PMID: 35406693 PMCID: PMC8997668 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte stem cells play a fundamental role in homeostasis and repair of stratified epithelial tissues. Transplantation of cultured keratinocytes autografts provides a landmark example of successful cellular therapies by restoring durable integrity in stratified epithelia lost to devastating tissue conditions. Despite the overall success of such procedures, failures still occur in case of paucity of cultured stem cells in therapeutic grafts. Strategies aiming at a further amplification of stem cells during keratinocyte ex vivo expansion may thus extend the applicability of these treatments to subjects in which endogenous stem cells pools are depauperated by aging, trauma, or disease. Pharmacological targeting of stem cell signaling pathways is recently emerging as a powerful strategy for improving stem cell maintenance and/or amplification. Recent experimental data indicate that pharmacological inhibition of two prominent keratinocyte signaling pathways governed by apical mTOR and ROCK protein kinases favor stem cell maintenance and/or amplification ex vivo and may improve the effectiveness of stem cell-based therapeutic procedures. In this review, we highlight the pathophysiological roles of mTOR and ROCK in keratinocyte biology and evaluate existing pre-clinical data on the effects of their inhibition in epithelial stem cell expansion for transplantation purposes.
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Zhao S, Wan X, Dai Y, Gong L, Le Q. WNT16B enhances the proliferation and self-renewal of limbal epithelial cells via CXCR4/MEK/ERK signaling. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:864-878. [PMID: 35364008 PMCID: PMC9023808 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Culture of limbal epithelial cells (LECs) provides the principal source of transplanted limbal stem cells (LESCs) for treatment of limbal-stem-cell deficiency. Optimization of the culture conditions for in-vitro-expanded LECs will help to create a graft with an optimized quality and quantity of LESCs. This study aimed to investigate the effects of WNT16B on LECs and corneal wound healing and the underlying mechanism. Treatment with exogenous WNT16B increased the proliferative capacity and self-renewal of LECs in the cultures. We further revealed that C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) was vital for the effects of WNT16B, and activation of CXCR4/MEK/ERK signaling was pivotal in mediating the effects of WNT16B on LECs enriched for LESCs. The stimulatory effect of WNT16B on corneal epithelial repair was confirmed in a mouse corneal-wound-healing model. In summary, WNT16B enhances proliferation and self-renewal of LECs via the CXCR4/MEK/ERK signaling cascade and accelerates corneal-epithelial wound healing. The expression of WNT16B decreases with age WNT16B promotes the proliferation and self-renewal of limbal epitheial cells The effect of WNT16B on LEC is modulated through CXCR4/MEK/ERK signaling pathway WNT16B accelerates corneal-epithelial wound healing
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjiao Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xichen Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yiqin Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Research Center, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Myopia Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Lan Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Myopia Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Qihua Le
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, No. 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; Research Center, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Myopia Key Laboratory of Ministry of Health, Eye, Ear, Nose & Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
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Ji X, Zheng M, Fan T, Xu B. Commentary: Novel Cell Culture Paradigm Prolongs Mouse Corneal Epithelial Cell Proliferative Activity In Vitro and In Vivo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:822728. [PMID: 35252189 PMCID: PMC8894700 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.822728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuna Ji
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingjun Fan
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Xu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Xu,
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8
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Rezaeian Z, Bahrami AR, Matin MM, Hosseiny SS. Investigation the effects of vitreous humor on proliferation and dedifferentiation of differentiated NTERA2 cells. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e250151. [PMID: 34817042 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.250151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammals have a limited capacity to regenerate their tissues and organs. One of the mechanisms associated with natural regeneration is dedifferentiation. Several small molecules such as vitamin C and growth factors could improve reprogramming efficiency. In this study, the NTERA2-D1 (NT2) cells were induced towards differentiation (NT2-RA) with 10-5 M retinoic acid (RA) for three days and then subjected to various amounts of vitreous humor (VH). Results show that the growth rate of these cells was reduced, while this rate was partly restored upon treatment with VH (NT2-RA-VH). Cell cycle analysis with PI method also showed that the numbers of cells at the S phase of the cell cycle in these cells were increased. The levels of SSEA3 and TRA-1-81 antigens in NT2-RA were dropped but they increased in NT2- RA-VH to a level similar to the NT2 cells. The level of SSEA1 had an opposite pattern. Expression of OCT4 gene dropped after RA treatment, but it was recovered in NT2-RA-VH cells. In conclusion, we suggest VH as a potent mixture for improving the cellular reprogramming leading to dedifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Rezaeian
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Institute of Biotechnology, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, Mashhad, Iran
| | - A R Bahrami
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Institute of Biotechnology, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, Mashhad, Iran.,Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M M Matin
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Institute of Biotechnology, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, Mashhad, Iran
| | - S S Hosseiny
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Institute of Biotechnology, Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Group, Mashhad, Iran
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Robertson SYT, Roberts JS, Deng SX. Regulation of Limbal Epithelial Stem Cells: Importance of the Niche. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11975. [PMID: 34769405 PMCID: PMC8584795 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells (LSCs) reside in a niche that contains finely tuned balances of various signaling pathways including Wnt, Notch, BMP, Shh, YAP, and TGFβ. The activation or inhibition of these pathways is frequently dependent on the interactions of LSCs with various niche cell types and extracellular substrates. In addition to receiving molecular signals from growth factors, cytokines, and other soluble molecules, LSCs also respond to their surrounding physical structure via mechanotransduction, interaction with the ECM, and interactions with other cell types. Damage to LSCs or their niche leads to limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). The field of LSCD treatment would greatly benefit from an understanding of the molecular regulation of LSCs in vitro and in vivo. This review synthesizes current literature around the niche factors and signaling pathways that influence LSC function. Future development of LSCD therapies should consider all these niche factors to achieve improved long-term restoration of the LSC population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sophie X. Deng
- Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 94143, USA; (S.Y.T.R.); (J.S.R.)
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Zhong Z, Balayan A, Tian J, Xiang Y, Hwang HH, Wu X, Deng X, Schimelman J, Sun Y, Ma C, Santos AD, You S, Tang M, Yao E, Shi X, Steinmetz NF, Deng SX, Chen S. Bioprinting of dual ECM scaffolds encapsulating limbal stem/progenitor cells in active and quiescent statuses. Biofabrication 2021; 13:10.1088/1758-5090/ac1992. [PMID: 34330126 PMCID: PMC8716326 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Limbal stem cell deficiency and corneal disorders are among the top global threats for human vision. Emerging therapies that integrate stem cell transplantation with engineered hydrogel scaffolds for biological and mechanical support are becoming a rising trend in the field. However, methods for high-throughput fabrication of hydrogel scaffolds, as well as knowledge of the interaction between limbal stem/progenitor cells (LSCs) and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) are still much needed. Here, we employed digital light processing (DLP)-based bioprinting to fabricate hydrogel scaffolds encapsulating primary LSCs and studied the ECM-dependent LSC phenotypes. The DLP-based bioprinting with gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) or hyaluronic acid glycidyl methacrylate (HAGM) generated microscale hydrogel scaffolds that could support the viability of the encapsulated primary rabbit LSCs (rbLSCs) in culture. Immunocytochemistry and transcriptional analysis showed that the encapsulated rbLSCs remained active in GelMA-based scaffolds while exhibited quiescence in the HAGM-based scaffolds. The primary human LSCs encapsulated within bioprinted scaffolds showed consistent ECM-dependent active/quiescent statuses. Based on these results, we have developed a novel bioprinted dual ECM 'Yin-Yang' model encapsulating LSCs to support both active and quiescent statues. Our findings provide valuable insights towards stem cell therapies and regenerative medicine for corneal reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhong
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alis Balayan
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yi Xiang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Henry H. Hwang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xiaokang Wu
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xiaoqian Deng
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jacob Schimelman
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yazhi Sun
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Chao Ma
- Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Aurelie D. Santos
- Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shangting You
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Min Tang
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Emmie Yao
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Xiaoao Shi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nicole F. Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sophie X. Deng
- Stein Eye Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Shaochen Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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11
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Hernáez-Moya R, González S, Urkaregi A, Pijoan JI, Deng SX, Andollo N. Expansion of Human Limbal Epithelial Stem/Progenitor Cells Using Different Human Sera: A Multivariate Statistical Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176132. [PMID: 32854428 PMCID: PMC7503296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of human cultured limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells (LESCs) has demonstrated to restore the integrity and functionality of the corneal surface in about 76% of patients with limbal stem cell deficiency. However, there are different protocols for the expansion of LESCs, and many of them use xenogeneic products, being a risk for the patients’ health. We compared the culture of limbal explants on the denuded amniotic membrane in the culture medium—supplemental hormone epithelial medium (SHEM)—supplemented with FBS or two differently produced human sera. Cell morphology, cell size, cell growth rate, and the expression level of differentiation and putative stem cell markers were examined. Several bioactive molecules were quantified in the human sera. In a novel approach, we performed a multivariate statistical analysis of data to investigate the culture factors, such as differently expressed molecules of human sera that specifically influence the cell phenotype. Our results showed that limbal cells cultured with human sera grew faster and contained similar amounts of small-sized cells, higher expression of the protein p63α, and lower of cytokeratin K12 than FBS cultures, thus, maintaining the stem/progenitor phenotype of LESCs. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis provided much data to better understand the obtaining of different cell phenotypes as a consequence of the use of different culture methodologies or different culture components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Hernáez-Moya
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain;
| | - Sheyla González
- Cornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.G.); (S.X.D.)
| | - Arantza Urkaregi
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics and Operational Research, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain;
| | - Jose Ignacio Pijoan
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Cruces University Hospital, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain;
| | - Sophie X. Deng
- Cornea Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (S.G.); (S.X.D.)
| | - Noelia Andollo
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine and Nursing, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-94-601-3295
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Garzón I, Chato-Astrain J, González-Gallardo C, Ionescu A, Cardona JDLC, Mateu M, Carda C, Pérez MDM, Martín-Piedra MÁ, Alaminos M. Long-Term in vivo Evaluation of Orthotypical and Heterotypical Bioengineered Human Corneas. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:681. [PMID: 32671048 PMCID: PMC7327129 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human cornea substitutes generated by tissue engineering currently require limbal stem cells for the generation of orthotypical epithelial cell cultures. We recently reported that bioengineered corneas can be fabricated in vitro from a heterotypical source obtained from Wharton’s jelly in the human umbilical cord (HWJSC). Methods Here, we generated a partial thickness cornea model based on plastic compression nanostructured fibrin-agarose biomaterials with cornea epithelial cells on top, as an orthotypical model (HOC), or with HWJSC, as a heterotypical model (HHC), and determined their potential in vivo usefulness by implantation in an animal model. Results No major side effects were seen 3 and 12 months after implantation of either bioengineered partial cornea model in rabbit corneas. Clinical results determined by slit lamp and optical coherence tomography were positive after 12 months. Histological and immunohistochemical findings demonstrated that in vitro HOC and HHC had moderate levels of stromal and epithelial cell marker expression, whereas in vivo grafted corneas were more similar to control corneas. Conclusion These results suggest that both models are potentially useful to treat diseases requiring anterior cornea replacement, and that HHC may be an efficient alternative to the use of HOC which circumvents the need to generate cornea epithelial cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Garzón
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus Chato-Astrain
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Ana Ionescu
- Biomaterials Optics Group, Department of Optics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Mateu
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Carda
- Department of Histology and Pathology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Pérez
- Biomaterials Optics Group, Department of Optics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martín-Piedra
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Alaminos
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Histology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
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Omer A, Al-Sharabi N, Qiu Y, Xue Y, Li Y, Fujio M, Mustafa K, Xing Z. Biological responses of dental pulp cells to surfaces modified by collagen 1 and fibronectin. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1369-1379. [PMID: 32107841 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Collagen 1 (COL1) and fibronectin (FN) are extracellular matrix proteins that contribute in cell activity and involve in regulating dental pulp cells (DPCs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of COL1 and FN on the behavior of DPCs. Here, DPCs were grown under three different conditions: COL1 coating, FN coating, and control group without coating. The proliferation and differentiation of DPCs were investigated. DPCs in osteogenic media were able to differentiate into osteoblastic phenotype. The morphological analysis revealed no obvious difference on the shape of cells. Cells had spread well on both coated and noncoated culture plates with slightly more spreading in the coated plates after 24 hr. The MTT analysis did not demonstrate a significant difference at 1 and 3 hr among the groups, but interestingly, the analysis disclosed more cells on the coated plates after longer cultures, which indicated a higher proliferative capacity in response to COL1 and FN. RT-PCR, Western Blotting and mineralization assays did not reveal significant differences between the coated and noncoated surfaces in relation to osteogenic differential potential. Our data suggested that the surface coating of COL1 and FN were able to promote cellular proliferation and the osteogenic differentiation tendency of DPCs was also observed in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abedelfattah Omer
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Niyaz Al-Sharabi
- Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yingfei Qiu
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xue
- Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yi Li
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Masahito Fujio
- Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kamal Mustafa
- Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Zhe Xing
- School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.,Centre for Clinical Dental Research, Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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