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Liao M, Zhu X, Lu Y, Yi X, Hu Y, Zhao Y, Ye Z, Guo X, Liang M, Jin X, Zhang H, Wang X, Zhao Z, Chen Y, Yan H. Multi-omics profiling of retinal pigment epithelium reveals enhancer-driven activation of RANK-NFATc1 signaling in traumatic proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7324. [PMID: 39183203 PMCID: PMC11345415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
During the progression of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) following ocular trauma, previously quiescent retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells transition into a state of rapid proliferation, migration, and secretion. The elusive molecular mechanisms behind these changes have hindered the development of effective pharmacological treatments, presenting a pressing clinical challenge. In this study, by monitoring the dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility and various histone modifications, we chart the comprehensive epigenetic landscape of RPE cells in male mice subjected to traumatic PVR. Coupled with transcriptomic analysis, we reveal a robust correlation between enhancer activation and the upregulation of the PVR-associated gene programs. Furthermore, by constructing transcription factor regulatory networks, we identify the aberrant activation of enhancer-driven RANK-NFATc1 pathway as PVR advanced. Importantly, we demonstrate that intraocular interventions, including nanomedicines inhibiting enhancer activity, gene therapies targeting NFATc1 and antibody therapeutics against RANK pathway, effectively mitigate PVR progression. Together, our findings elucidate the epigenetic basis underlying the activation of PVR-associated genes during RPE cell fate transitions and offer promising therapeutic avenues targeting epigenetic modulation and the RANK-NFATc1 axis for PVR management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, China-UK "Belt and Road" Ophthalmology Joint Laboratory, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yumei Lu
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoping Yi
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Youhui Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yumeng Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, China-UK "Belt and Road" Ophthalmology Joint Laboratory, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhisheng Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, China-UK "Belt and Road" Ophthalmology Joint Laboratory, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, China-UK "Belt and Road" Ophthalmology Joint Laboratory, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Minghui Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, China-UK "Belt and Road" Ophthalmology Joint Laboratory, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, China-UK "Belt and Road" Ophthalmology Joint Laboratory, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Yupeng Chen
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Hua Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, International Joint Laboratory of Ocular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ocular Trauma, Tianjin Institute of Eye Health and Eye Diseases, China-UK "Belt and Road" Ophthalmology Joint Laboratory, Laboratory of Molecular Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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2
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You W, Azuma K, Iwagawa T, Watanabe S, Aihara M, Shiraya T, Ueta T. The role of lipid peroxidation in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16498. [PMID: 39020017 PMCID: PMC11255318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is recognized as pivotal in various retinal diseases. Previous studies have suggested a reciprocal regulation between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and EMT, though the involvement of peroxidized lipids or the effects of reducing them has remained unclear. The present study disclosed that EMT of ARPE-19 cells induced by TGF-β2 and TNF-α involves increased lipid peroxidation, and Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), a lipophilic antioxidative agent, successfully inhibited the increase in lipid peroxidation. Fer-1 suppressed the formation of EMT-associated fibrotic deposits, while EMT induction or Fer-1 treatment did not influence the cell viability or proliferation. Functionally, Fer-1 impeded EMT-driven cell migration and reduction in transepithelial electrical resistance. It demonstrated regulatory prowess by downregulating the mesenchymal marker fibronectin, upregulating the epithelial marker ZO-1, and inhibiting the EMT-associated transcriptional factor ZEB1. Additionally, VEGF, a major pathogenic cytokine in various retinal diseases, is also upregulated during EMT, and Fer-1 significantly mitigated the effect. The present study disclosed the involvement of lipid peroxidation in EMT of RPE cells, and suggests the suppression of lipid peroxidation may be a potential therapeutic target in retinal diseases in which EMT is implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang You
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Azuma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiro Iwagawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, The Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumiko Watanabe
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, The Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Shiraya
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueta
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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3
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Jiang H, Chen Y, He Z, Li J, Gao Q, Li W, Wei W, Zhang Y. Targeting non-muscle myosin II inhibits proliferative vitreoretinopathy through regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 686:149149. [PMID: 37918204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a common complication of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, eventually leading to vision loss. To date, there are no effective drugs for the treatment of this disease. In this study, we investigated the effect of blebbistatin, a non-muscle myosin II inhibitor, on the ARPE-19 cell line and in a rabbit model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. In vitro, we found that blebbistatin inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and inhibited the ability of RPE cells to migrate, proliferate, generate extracellular matrix, and affect contractility. In vivo the PVR model showed that blebbistatin significantly delayed PVR progression. It also partially prevents the loss of retinal function caused by PVR. Our results suggest that blebbistatin is a potential drug with clinical applications for the treatment of PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuning Chen
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhengquan He
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qingqin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenbin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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4
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Liu D, Zhang C, Zhang J, Xu GT, Zhang J. Molecular pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in neovascular AMD focusing on epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of retinal pigment epithelium. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 185:106250. [PMID: 37536385 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss among elderly people in developed countries. Neovascular AMD (nAMD) accounts for more than 90% of AMD-related vision loss. At present, intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) is widely used as the first-line therapy to decrease the choroidal and retinal neovascularizations, and thus to improve or maintain the visual acuity of the patients with nAMD. However, about 1/3 patients still progress to irreversible visual impairment due to subretinal fibrosis even with adequate anti-VEGF treatment. Extensive literatures support the critical role of epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD, but the underlying mechanisms still remain largely unknown. This review summarized the molecular pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD, especially focusing on the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced EMT pathways. It was also discussed how these pathways crosstalk and respond to signals from the microenvironment to mediate EMT and contribute to the progression of nAMD-related subretinal fibrosis. Targeting EMT signaling pathways might provide a promising and effective therapeutic strategy to treat subretinal fibrosis secondary to nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital and Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital and Laboratory of Clinical and Visual Sciences of Tongji Eye Institute, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jingfa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Shu DY, Chaudhary S, Cho KS, Lennikov A, Miller WP, Thorn DC, Yang M, McKay TB. Role of Oxidative Stress in Ocular Diseases: A Balancing Act. Metabolites 2023; 13:187. [PMID: 36837806 PMCID: PMC9960073 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is a delicate balancing act of maintaining appropriate levels of antioxidant defense mechanisms and reactive oxidizing oxygen and nitrogen species. Any disruption of this balance leads to oxidative stress, which is a key pathogenic factor in several ocular diseases. In this review, we present the current evidence for oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in conditions affecting both the anterior segment (e.g., dry eye disease, keratoconus, cataract) and posterior segment (age-related macular degeneration, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma) of the human eye. We posit that further development of therapeutic interventions to promote pro-regenerative responses and maintenance of the redox balance may delay or prevent the progression of these major ocular pathologies. Continued efforts in this field will not only yield a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ocular diseases but also enable the identification of novel druggable redox targets and antioxidant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Y. Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Suman Chaudhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kin-Sang Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anton Lennikov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - William P. Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - David C. Thorn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Menglu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tina B. McKay
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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6
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Dong L, Han H, Huang X, Ma G, Fang D, Qi H, Han Z, Wang L, Tian J, Vanhaesebroeck B, Zhang G, Zhang S, Lei H. Idelalisib inhibits experimental proliferative vitroretinopathy. J Transl Med 2022; 102:1296-1303. [PMID: 35854067 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-022-00822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a fibrotic eye disease that develops after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery and open-globe traumatic injury. Idelalisib is a specific inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) δ. While PI3Kδ is primarily expressed in leukocytes, its expression is also considerably high in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, which play a crucial part in the PVR pathogenesis. Herein we show that GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling uncovered strong expression of fibronectin in RPE cells within epiretinal membranes from patients with PVR, and that idelalisib (10 μM) inhibited Akt activation, fibronectin expression and collagen gel contraction induced by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 in human RPE cells. Furthermore, we discovered that idelalisib at a vitreal concentration of 10 μM, a non-toxic dose to the retina, prevented experimental PVR induced by intravitreally injected RPE cells in rabbits assessed by experienced ophthalmologists using an indirect ophthalmoscope plus a + 30 D fundus lens, electroretinography, optical coherence tomography and histological analysis. These data suggested idelalisib could be harnessed for preventing patients from PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Dong
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haote Han
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.,Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xionggao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Gaoen Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, the third Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Dong Fang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Qi
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuo Han
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luping Wang
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingkui Tian
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Guoming Zhang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaochong Zhang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Hetian Lei
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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7
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Xu M, Cui Q, Su W, Zhang D, Pan J, Liu X, Pang Z, Zhu Q. High-content screening of active components of Traditional Chinese Medicine inhibiting TGF-β-induced cell EMT. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10238. [PMID: 36042745 PMCID: PMC9420491 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) has roles in metastasis and invasion during fibrotic diseases and cancer progression. Some Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) have shown inhibitory effects with respect to the EMT. The current study attempted to establish a multiparametric high-content method to screen for active monomeric compounds in TCM with the ability to target cellular EMT by assessing phenotypic changes. A total of 306 monomeric compounds from the MedChemExpress (MCE) compound library were screened by the high-content screening (HCS) system and 5 compounds with anti-EMT activity, including camptothecin (CPT), dimethyl curcumin (DMC), artesunate (ART), sinapine (SNP) and berberine (BER) were identified. To confirm anti-EMT activity, expression of EMT markers was assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, and cell adhesion and migration measured by cell function assays. The results revealed that CPT, DMC, ART, SNP and BER inhibited transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced expression of vimentin and α-SMA, upregulated expression of E-cadherin, increased cell adhesion and reduced cell migration. In summary, by quantifying the cell morphological changes during TGF-β1-induced EMT through multi-parametric analysis, TCM compounds with anti-EMT activity were successfully screened using the HCS system, a faster and more economical approach than conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Wen Su
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jiaxu Pan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xiangqi Liu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zheng Pang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Qingjun Zhu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.,Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
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8
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Shahlaee A, Woeller CF, Philp NJ, Kuriyan AE. Translational and clinical advancements in management of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2022; 33:219-227. [PMID: 35220328 DOI: 10.1097/icu.0000000000000840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite advancement in the surgical instrumentation and techniques, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) remains the most common cause for failure of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair. This review discusses ongoing translational and clinical advancements in PVR. RECENT FINDINGS PVR represents an exaggerated and protracted scarring process that can occur after RRD. The primary cell types involved are retinal pigment epithelium, glial, and inflammatory cells. They interact with growth factors and cytokines derived from the breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier that trigger a cascade of cellular processes, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, chemotaxis, proliferation, elaboration of basement membrane and collagen and cellular contraction, leading to overt retinal pathology. Although there are currently no medical therapies proven to be effective against PVR in humans, increased understanding of the risks factors and pathophysiology have helped guide investigations for molecular targets of PVR. The leading therapeutic candidates are drugs that mitigate growth factors, inflammation, and proliferation are the leading therapeutic candidates. SUMMARY Although multiple molecular targets have been investigated to prevent and treat PVR, none have yet demonstrated substantial evidence of clinical benefit in humans though some show promise. Advancements in our understanding of the pathophysiology of PVR may help develop a multipronged approach for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abtin Shahlaee
- Mid Atlantic Retina, Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Collynn F Woeller
- Flaum Eye Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Nancy J Philp
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ajay E Kuriyan
- Mid Atlantic Retina, Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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