1
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Akaarir M, Martorell-Barceló M, Morro B, Suau M, Alós J, Aspillaga E, Gamundí A, Grau A, Lana A, Nicolau MC, Pons A, Rial RV, Signaroli M, Barcelo-Serra M. Measuring activity-rest rhythms under different acclimation periods in a marine fish using automatic deep learning-based video tracking. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:959-970. [PMID: 38975732 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2371143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Most organisms synchronize to an approximately 24-hour (circadian) rhythm. This study introduces a novel deep learning-powered video tracking method to assess the stability, fragmentation, robustness and synchronization of activity rhythms in Xyrichtys novacula. Experimental X. novacula were distributed into three groups and monitored for synchronization to a 14/10 hours of light/dark to assess acclimation to laboratory conditions. Group GP7 acclimated for 1 week and was tested from days 7 to 14, GP14 acclimated for 14 days and was tested from days 14 to 21 and GP21 acclimated for 21 days and was tested from days 21 to 28. Telemetry data from individuals in the wild depicted their natural behavior. Wild fish displayed a robust and minimally fragmented rhythm, entrained to the natural photoperiod. Under laboratory conditions, differences in activity levels were observed between light and dark phases. However, no differences were observed in activity rhythm metrics among laboratory groups related to acclimation period. Notably, longer acclimation (GP14 and GP21) led to a larger proportion of individuals displaying rhythm synchronization with the imposed photoperiod. Our work introduces a novel approach for monitoring biological rhythms in laboratory conditions, employing a specifically engineered video tracking system based on deep learning, adaptable for other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Akaarir
- Laboratorio del Sueño y Ritmos Biológicos, Universitat de les Illes Balears IDISBA, IUNICS, Palma, Spain
| | | | - Bernat Morro
- Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - Margalida Suau
- Laboratorio del Sueño y Ritmos Biológicos, Universitat de les Illes Balears IDISBA, IUNICS, Palma, Spain
| | - Josep Alós
- Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - Eneko Aspillaga
- Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - Antoni Gamundí
- Laboratorio del Sueño y Ritmos Biológicos, Universitat de les Illes Balears IDISBA, IUNICS, Palma, Spain
| | - Amalia Grau
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Marinas y Acuicultura de Andratx (IRFAP LIMIA), Andratx, Spain
| | - Arancha Lana
- Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - M Cristina Nicolau
- Laboratorio del Sueño y Ritmos Biológicos, Universitat de les Illes Balears IDISBA, IUNICS, Palma, Spain
| | - Aina Pons
- Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
| | - Rubén V Rial
- Laboratorio del Sueño y Ritmos Biológicos, Universitat de les Illes Balears IDISBA, IUNICS, Palma, Spain
| | - Marco Signaroli
- Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats, IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB), Esporles, Spain
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2
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Eunjeong D, Seongsin L, Yumi K. Anatomical identification of the neuroendocrine system in the Nothobranchius furzeri brain. JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.25225/jvb.21018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Do Eunjeong
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Republic of Korea; e-mail: , ,
| | - Lee Seongsin
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Republic of Korea; e-mail: , ,
| | - Kim Yumi
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Republic of Korea; e-mail: , ,
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3
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The core circadian component, Bmal1, is maintained in the pineal gland of old killifish brain. iScience 2020; 24:101905. [PMID: 33385110 PMCID: PMC7770606 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythm is altered during aging, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we used the turquoise killifish as a short-lived vertebrate model to examine the effects of aging on the major circadian network comprising the four mammalian clock protein homologs, Bmal1, Clockb, Cry1b, and Per3, which are highly conserved in the killifish with 50%–85% amino acid sequence identity to their human counterparts. The amplitude of circadian rhythm was smaller in old fish (14 weeks) than in young fish (6 weeks). In old fish brain, the Bmal1 protein level was significantly downregulated. However, the Bmal1 interaction with Clockb and chromatin binding of Bmal1 to its downstream target promoters were retained. Furthermore, Bmal1 was relatively well maintained in the pineal gland compared with other regions of the old fish brain. The results suggest that the circadian clock system in the killifish becomes spatially confined to the pineal gland upon aging. The amplitude of free-running circadian rhythms decreases during aging in killifish Core clock genes are highly conserved in the turquoise killifish genome Bmal1 protein expression decreases in whole brain tissue with aging Bmal1 expression is relatively well maintained in the pineal gland with aging
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4
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Mikuła-Pietrasik J, Pakuła M, Markowska M, Uruski P, Szczepaniak-Chicheł L, Tykarski A, Książek K. Nontraditional systems in aging research: an update. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:1275-1304. [PMID: 33034696 PMCID: PMC7904725 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03658-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research on the evolutionary and mechanistic aspects of aging and longevity has a reductionist nature, as the majority of knowledge originates from experiments on a relatively small number of systems and species. Good examples are the studies on the cellular, molecular, and genetic attributes of aging (senescence) that are primarily based on a narrow group of somatic cells, especially fibroblasts. Research on aging and/or longevity at the organismal level is dominated, in turn, by experiments on Drosophila melanogaster, worms (Caenorhabditis elegans), yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), and higher organisms such as mice and humans. Other systems of aging, though numerous, constitute the minority. In this review, we collected and discussed a plethora of up-to-date findings about studies of aging, longevity, and sometimes even immortality in several valuable but less frequently used systems, including bacteria (Caulobacter crescentus, Escherichia coli), invertebrates (Turritopsis dohrnii, Hydra sp., Arctica islandica), fishes (Nothobranchius sp., Greenland shark), reptiles (giant tortoise), mammals (blind mole rats, naked mole rats, bats, elephants, killer whale), and even 3D organoids, to prove that they offer biogerontologists as much as the more conventional tools. At the same time, the diversified knowledge gained owing to research on those species may help to reconsider aging from a broader perspective, which should translate into a better understanding of this tremendously complex and clearly system-specific phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Mikuła-Pietrasik
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland
| | - Martyna Pakuła
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Markowska
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Uruski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Tykarski
- Department of Hypertensiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Książek
- Department of Pathophysiology of Ageing and Civilization Diseases, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2 Str., 61-848 Poznań, Poland
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5
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Fumagalli MR, Font-Clos F, Milan S, Zapperi S, La Porta CAM. Comparative analysis of metabolic and transcriptomic features of Nothobranchius furzeri. J R Soc Interface 2020; 17:20200217. [PMID: 32603650 PMCID: PMC7423413 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2020.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Some species have a longer lifespan than others, but usually lifespan is correlated with typical body weight. Here, we study the lifetime evolution of the metabolic behaviour of Nothobranchius furzeri, a killifish with an extremely short lifespan with respect to other fishes, even when taking into account rescaling by body weight. Comparison of the gene expression patterns of N. furzeri with those of zebrafish Danio rerio and mouse (Mus musculus) shows that a broad set of metabolic genes and pathways are affected in N. furzeri during ageing in a way that is consistent with a global deregulation of chromatin. Computational analysis of the glycolysis pathway for the three species highlights a rapid increase in the metabolic activity during the lifetime of N. furzeri with respect to the other species. Our results highlight that the unusually short lifespan of N. furzeri is associated with peculiar patterns in the metabolic activities and in chromatin dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Fumagalli
- CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Biophysics Institute, Via De Marini 6, Genova, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesc Font-Clos
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Milan
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Zapperi
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Physics, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
- CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l’Energia, Via R. Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Caterina A. M. La Porta
- CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Biophysics Institute, Via De Marini 6, Genova, Italy
- Center for Complexity and Biosystems, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Innovation for Well-Being and Environment (CR-I-WE), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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6
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de Costa J, Barja G, Almaida-Pagan PF. Membrane peroxidation index and maximum lifespan are negatively correlated in fish of the genus Nothobranchius. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb224063. [PMID: 32366693 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.224063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The lipid composition of cell membranes is linked to metabolic rate and lifespan in mammals and birds but very little information is available for fish. In this study, three fish species of the short-lived annual genus Nothobranchius with different maximum lifespan potential (MLSP) and the longer-lived outgroup species Aphyosemion australe were studied to test whether they conform to the predictions of the longevity-homeoviscous adaptation (LHA) theory of ageing. Lipid analyses were performed in whole-fish samples and the peroxidation index (PIn) for every phospholipid (PL) class and for the whole membrane was calculated. Total PL content was significantly lower in A. australe and N. korthausae, the two species with the highest MLSP, and a negative correlation between membrane total PIn and fish MLSP was found, meaning that the longer-lived fish species have more saturated membranes and, therefore, a lower susceptibility to oxidative damage, as the LHA theory posits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge de Costa
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Barja
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro F Almaida-Pagan
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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7
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ŽáK J, Vrtílek M, Reichard M. Diel schedules of locomotor, reproductive and feeding activity in wild populations of African annual killifish. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Diel patterns of different activities arise from adaptations to periodic cycling of environmental parameters and may involve trade-offs between acquiring benefits and minimizing associated costs. In this study, we provide fundamental baseline data on diel activity of natural populations of Nothobranchius fishes, model organisms in laboratory studies, including links between diurnal rhythms and ageing. Initially, we quantified the diel change in activity in wild populations of three African killifish species (Nothobranchius furzeri, Nothobranchius orthonotus and Nothobranchius pienaari) and compared average activity between sexes. In all species, males were more active than females, probably as a result of their active pursuit of females. Swimming activity peaked at midday. In N. furzeri, the only species occurring at all sites, oocytes were ovulated in the early morning, and most spawning events had occurred by the early afternoon. Gut fullness and diet richness increased before spawning activity and peaked in the morning. Daytime diet was dominated by chironomid larvae, whereas notonectid bugs were the dominant prey at night, perhaps as a result of different prey detectability over the diel cycle. Finally, no loyalty to any particular pool section was detected in N. furzeri. Collectively, these data provide the first empirical description of diel activity in three wild populations of African killifish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub ŽáK
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Vrtílek
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Reichard
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Brno, Czech Republic
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8
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Almaida-Pagán PF, Ortega-Sabater C, Lucas-Sánchez A, Martinez-Nicolas A, Espinosa C, Esteban MA, Madrid JA, Rol M, Mendiola P, de Costa J. Impact of a shift work-like lighting schedule on the functioning of the circadian system in the short-lived fish Nothobranchius furzeri. Exp Gerontol 2018; 112:44-53. [PMID: 30184464 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Adult Nothobranchius furzeri of the MZM-04/10 strain were individually kept and subjected to a "5 + 2" shifting lighting schedule (SHIFT) for 8 weeks in order to evaluate the desynchronizing effects of a simulated human-like shift-work schedule on the functioning of the circadian system (CS). With this aim, sixteen 21-week-old N. furzeri were placed into a Morning, Night and Evening schedule (lights on from 08:00 to 16:00, 00:00 to 08:00 and 16:00 to 00:00 h, respectively) and fed once a day in the middle of the corresponding photophase (12:00, 04:00 and 20:00 h, respectively). Then, in the weekends (2 days), fish were always returned to the Morning shift. As controls, 16 fish were maintained under a non-shifting LD cycle condition (CONTROL) throughout the whole experiment, with lights on from 08:00 to 16:00 h. Rest-activity rhythm (RAR) of fish subjected to SHIFT showed several symptoms of chronodisruption, such as a decrease in the percentage of diurnal activity and a reduction of the relative amplitude and the circadian function index with time. When a periodogram analysis was performed, RAR of N. furzeri under SHIFT conditions showed up to three separate circadian components: one longer than 24 h (26.5 h) that followed the weekly 8 h delays; a short-period component (~23 h) that was related to the weekend's phase advances, and finally, a 24 h component. The shifting LD schedule also affected fish CS at a molecular level, with several significant differences in the expression of core genes of the molecular clock (bmal1, clock, rorα, rev-erbα) between SHIFT and CONTROL animals. RAR impairment along with changes in clock gene expression could be associated with high stress and accelerated aging in these fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- P F Almaida-Pagán
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
| | - C Ortega-Sabater
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Lucas-Sánchez
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - A Martinez-Nicolas
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - C Espinosa
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, Spain
| | - M A Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, Spain
| | - J A Madrid
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Rol
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - P Mendiola
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - J de Costa
- Chronobiology Lab, Department of Physiology, College of Biology, University of Murcia, Mare Nostrum Campus, IUIE, IMIB-Arrixaca, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
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9
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Terzibasi-Tozzini E, Martinez-Nicolas A, Lucas-Sánchez A. The clock is ticking. Ageing of the circadian system: From physiology to cell cycle. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017. [PMID: 28630025 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The circadian system is the responsible to organise the internal temporal order in relation to the environment of every process of the organisms producing the circadian rhythms. These rhythms have a fixed phase relationship among them and with the environment in order to optimise the available energy and resources. From a cellular level, circadian rhythms are controlled by genetic positive and negative auto-regulated transcriptional and translational feedback loops, which generate 24h rhythms in mRNA and protein levels of the clock components. It has been described about 10% of the genome is controlled by clock genes, with special relevance, due to its implications, to the cell cycle. Ageing is a deleterious process which affects all the organisms' structures including circadian system. The circadian system's ageing may produce a disorganisation among the circadian rhythms, arrhythmicity and, even, disconnection from the environment, resulting in a detrimental situation to the organism. In addition, some environmental conditions can produce circadian disruption, also called chronodisruption, which may produce many pathologies including accelerated ageing. Finally, some strategies to prevent, palliate or counteract chronodisruption effects have been proposed to enhance the circadian system, also called chronoenhancement. This review tries to gather recent advances in the chronobiology of the ageing process, including cell cycle, neurogenesis process and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Martinez-Nicolas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, IUIE. IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucas-Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, IUIE. IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Ciber Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Anatomical features for the adequate choice of experimental animal models in biomedicine: I. Fishes. Ann Anat 2016; 205:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Hoverfly locomotor activity is resilient to external influence and intrinsic factors. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2015; 202:45-54. [PMID: 26610330 PMCID: PMC4698302 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-015-1051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Hoverflies are found across the globe, with approximately 6000 species described worldwide. Many hoverflies are being used in agriculture and some are emerging as model species for laboratory experiments. As such it is valuable to know more about their activity. Like many other dipteran flies, Eristalis hoverflies have been suggested to be strongly diurnal, but this is based on qualitative visualization by human observers. To quantify how hoverfly activity depends on internal and external factors, we here utilize a locomotor activity monitoring system. We show that Eristalis hoverflies are active during the entire light period when exposed to a 12 h light:12 h dark cycle, with a lower activity if exposed to light during the night. We show that the hoverflies’ locomotor activity is stable over their lifetime and that it does not depend on the diet provided. Surprisingly, we find no difference in activity between males and females, but the activity is significantly affected by the sex of an accompanying conspecific. Finally, we show that female hoverflies are more resilient to starvation than males. In summary, Eristalis hoverflies are resilient to a range of internal and external factors, supporting their use in long-term laboratory experiments.
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Furness AI. The evolution of an annual life cycle in killifish: adaptation to ephemeral aquatic environments through embryonic diapause. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2015; 91:796-812. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I. Furness
- Department of Biology; University of California; Riverside CA 92521 U.S.A
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13
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Cellerino A, Valenzano DR, Reichard M. From the bush to the bench: the annual
Nothobranchius
fishes as a new model system in biology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2015; 91:511-33. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Cellerino
- Bio@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore Department of Neurosciences Piazza dei Cavalieri 7 56126 Pisa Italy
- Fritz Lipmann Institute for Age Research, Leibniz Institute Beutenbergstr. 11 D‐07745 Jena Germany
| | - Dario R. Valenzano
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing Joseph‐Stelzmann‐Str. 9b D‐50931 Cologne Germany
| | - Martin Reichard
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Květná 8 603 65 Brno Czech Republic
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14
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Lucas-Sánchez A, Martínez-Nicolás A, Madrid JA, Almaida-Pagán PF, Mendiola P, de Costa J. Circadian activity rhythms during the last days ofNothobranchius rachovii’s life: A descriptive model of circadian system breakdown. Chronobiol Int 2014; 32:395-404. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.984040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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15
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Baumgart M, Di Cicco E, Rossi G, Cellerino A, Tozzini ET. Comparison of captive lifespan, age-associated liver neoplasias and age-dependent gene expression between two annual fish species: Nothobranchius furzeri and Nothobranchius korthause. Biogerontology 2014; 16:63-9. [PMID: 25315356 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-014-9535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nothobranchius is a genus of annual fish broadly distributed in South-Eastern Africa and found into temporary ponds generated during the rain seasons and their lifespan is limited by the duration of their habitats. Here we compared two Nothobranchius species from radically different environments: N. furzeri and N. korthausae. We found a large difference in life expectancy (29- against 71-weeks of median life span, 40- against 80-weeks of maximum lifespan, respectively), which correlates with a diverse timing in the onset of several age dependent processes: our data show that N. korthause longer lifespan is associated to retarded onset of age-dependent liver-neoplasia and slower down-regulation of collagen 1 alpha 2 (COL1A2) expression in the skin. On the other hand, the expression of cyclin B1 (CCNB1) in the brain was strongly age-regulated, but with similar profiles in N. furzeri and N. korthausae. In conclusion, our data suggest that the different ageing rate of two species of the same genus could be used as novel tool to investigate and better understand the genetic bases of some general mechanism leading to the complex ageing process, providing a strategy to unravel some of the genetic mechanisms regulating longevity and age-associate pathologies including neoplasias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Baumgart
- Biology of Aging, Leibniz Institute for Age Research, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
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Dorn A, Musilová Z, Platzer M, Reichwald K, Cellerino A. The strange case of East African annual fishes: aridification correlates with diversification for a savannah aquatic group? BMC Evol Biol 2014; 14:210. [PMID: 25311226 PMCID: PMC4209228 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-014-0210-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Annual Nothobranchius fishes are distributed in East and Southern Africa and inhabit ephemeral pools filled during the monsoon season. Nothobranchius show extreme life-history adaptations: embryos survive by entering diapause and they are the vertebrates with the fastest maturation and the shortest lifespan. The distribution of Nothobranchius overlaps with the East Africa Rift System. The geological and paleoclimatic history of this region is known in detail: in particular, aridification of East Africa and expansion of grassland habitats started 8 Mya and three humid periods between 3 and 1 Mya are superimposed on the longer-term aridification. These climatic oscillations are thought to have shaped evolution of savannah African mammals. We reconstructed the phylogeny of Nothobranchius and dated the different stages of diversification in relation to these paleoclimatic events. Results We sequenced one mitochondrial locus and five nuclear loci in 63 specimens and obtained a robust phylogeny. Nothobranchius can be divided in four geographically separated clades whose boundaries largely correspond to the East Africa Rift system. Statistical analysis of dispersal and vicariance identifies a Nilo-Sudan origin with southwards dispersion and confirmed that these four clades are the result of vicariance events In the absence of fossil Nothobranchius, molecular clock was calibrated using more distant outgroups (secondary calibration). This method estimates the age of the Nothobranchius genus to be 8.3 (6.0 – 10.7) My and the separation of the four clades 4.8 (2.7-7.0) Mya. Diversification within the clades was estimated to have started ~3 Mya and most species pairs were estimated to have an age of 0.5-1 My. Conclusions The mechanism of Nothobranchius diversification was allopatric and driven by geographic isolation. We propose a scenario where diversification of Nothobranchius started in rough coincidence with aridification of East Africa, establishment of grassland habitats and the appearance of the typical African bovid fauna of the savannah. Although confidence intervals for the estimated ages of the four Nothobranchius clades are quite large, this scenario is compatible with the biology of extant Nothobranchius that are critically dependent on savannah habitats. Therefore, Nothobranchius diversification might have been shaped by the same paleoclimatic events that shaped African ungulate evolution. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-014-0210-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Dolfi L, Ripa R, Cellerino A. Transition to annual life history coincides with reduction in cell cycle speed during early cleavage in three independent clades of annual killifish. EvoDevo 2014; 5:32. [PMID: 25276337 PMCID: PMC4177712 DOI: 10.1186/2041-9139-5-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Annual killifishes inhabit temporary ponds and their embryos survive the dry season encased in the mud by entering diapause, a process that arrests embryonic development during hostile conditions. Annual killifishes are present within three clades distributed in Africa (one East and one West of the Dahomey gap) and South America. Within each of these phylogenetic clades, a non-annual clade is sister taxon to a annual clade and therefore represent an example of convergent evolution. Early cleavage of teleost embryos is characterized by a very fast cell cycle (15-30 minutes) and lack of G1 and G2 phases. Here, we decided to investigate rates of early cleavage in annual killifishes. In addition, we specifically tested whether also annual killifish embryos lack G1 and G2 phases. Results We used time lapse brightfield microscopy to investigate cell division kinetics during the first developmental stages of annual- and non-annual species belonging to the three different phylogenetic clades. Annual killifishes of all three clades showed cleavage times significantly longer when compared to their non-annual sister taxa (average 35 min vs. average 75 min). Using FUCCI fluorescent imaging of the cell cycle after microinjection in the annual species Nothobranchius furzeri, we demonstrate that the first 5 division are synchronous and do not show a G1 phase. Cell cycle synchronization is lost after the 5th cleavage division. Conclusions Our results show, for the first time, that cell cycle rate during cleavage, a trait thought to be rather evolutionary conserved can undergo convergent evolutionary change in response to variations in life-history.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandro Cellerino
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy ; Fritz Lipmann Institute for Age Research, Leibniz Institute, Leibniz, Germany
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Reichard M, Polačik M, Blažek R, Vrtílek M. Female bias in the adult sex ratio of African annual fishes: interspecific differences, seasonal trends and environmental predictors. Evol Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-014-9732-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Lucas-Sánchez A, Almaida-Pagán PF, Mendiola P, de Costa J. Nothobranchius as a model for aging studies. A review. Aging Dis 2014; 5:281-91. [PMID: 25110612 PMCID: PMC4113518 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2014.0500281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the increase in human longevity has made it increasingly important to expand our knowledge on aging. To accomplish this, the use of animal models is essential, with the most common being mouse (phylogenetically similar to humans, and a model with a long life expectancy) and Caenorhabditis elegans (an invertebrate with a short life span, but quite removed from us in evolutionary terms). However, some sort of model is needed to bridge the differences between those mentioned above, achieving a balance between phylogenetic distance and life span. Fish of the genus Nothobranchius were suggested 10 years ago as a possible alternative for the study of the aging process. In the meantime, numerous studies have been conducted at different levels: behavioral (including the study of the rest-activity rhythm), populational, histochemical, biochemical and genetic, among others, with very positive results. This review compiles what we know about Nothobranchius to date, and examines its future prospects as a true alternative to the classic models for studies on aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pilar Mendiola
- Department of Physiology. Faculty of Biology. University of Murcia. 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jorge de Costa
- Department of Physiology. Faculty of Biology. University of Murcia. 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Blažek R, Polačik M, Reichard M. Rapid growth, early maturation and short generation time in African annual fishes. EvoDevo 2013; 4:24. [PMID: 24007640 PMCID: PMC3844391 DOI: 10.1186/2041-9139-4-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extreme environmental conditions can give rise to extreme adaptations. We document growth, sexual maturation and fecundity in two species of African annual fish inhabiting temporary savanna pools. Results Nothobranchius kadleci started to reproduce at the age of 17 days and size of 31 mm and Nothobranchius furzeri at 18 days and 32 mm. All four study populations demonstrated rapid growth rates of up to 2.72 mm/day (23.4% of their total length). Both species may produce diapausing embryos or embryos that are able to hatch in as few as 15 days, resulting in a minimum generation time as short as only one month. Incubation on the surface of damp peat moss results in high embryo survival (73%) and a high proportion of rapidly developing embryos (58%) that skip diapauses and hatch in less than 30 days. We further demonstrated that rapid growth and maturation do not compromise subsequent fecundity. Conclusions Our data suggest that both species have the most rapid sexual maturation and minimum generation time of any vertebrate species, and that rapid maturity does not involve paedogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radim Blažek
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8 60365, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Lucas-Sánchez A, Almaida-Pagán PF, Tocher DR, Mendiola P, de Costa J. Age-related changes in mitochondrial membrane composition of Nothobranchius rachovii. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 69:142-51. [PMID: 23685767 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane composition may be a critical factor in the mechanisms of the aging process by influencing the propagation of reactions involved in mitochondrial function during periods of high stress. Changes affecting either lipid class or fatty acid compositions could affect phospholipid properties and alter mitochondrial function and cell viability. In the present study, mitochondrial membrane phospholipid compositions were analyzed throughout the life cycle of Nothobranchius rachovii. Mitochondrial phospholipids showed several changes with age. Proportions of cardiolipin decreased and those of sphingomyelin increased between 11- and 14-month-old fish. Fatty acid compositions of individual phospholipids in mitochondria were also significantly affected with age. These data suggest increasing damage to mitochondrial lipids during the life cycle of N. rachovii that could be one of the main factors related with and contributing to degraded mitochondrial function associated with the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Lucas-Sánchez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Lucas-Sánchez A, Almaida-Pagán PF, Martinez-Nicolas A, Madrid JA, Mendiola P, de Costa J. Rest-activity circadian rhythms in aged Nothobranchius korthausae. The effects of melatonin. Exp Gerontol 2013; 48:507-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Parallel evolution of senescence in annual fishes in response to extrinsic mortality. BMC Evol Biol 2013; 13:77. [PMID: 23551990 PMCID: PMC3623659 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-13-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early evolutionary theories of aging predict that populations which experience low extrinsic mortality evolve a retarded onset of senescence. Experimental support for this theory in vertebrates is scarce, in part for the difficulty of quantifying extrinsic mortality and its condition- and density-dependent components that -when considered- can lead to predictions markedly different to those of the "classical" theories. Here, we study annual fish of the genus Nothobranchius whose maximum lifespan is dictated by the duration of the water bodies they inhabit. Different populations of annual fish do not experience different strengths of extrinsic mortality throughout their life span, but are subject to differential timing (and predictability) of a sudden habitat cessation. In this respect, our study allows testing how aging evolves in natural environments when populations vary in the prospect of survival, but condition-dependent survival has a limited effect. We use 10 Nothobranchius populations from seasonal pools that differ in their duration to test how this parameter affects longevity and aging in two independent clades of these annual fishes. RESULTS We found that replicated populations from a dry region showed markedly shorter captive lifespan than populations from a humid region. Shorter lifespan correlated with accelerated accumulation of lipofuscin (an established age marker) in both clades. Analysis of wild individuals confirmed that fish from drier habitats accumulate lipofuscin faster also under natural conditions. This indicates faster physiological deterioration in shorter-lived populations. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide a strong quantitative example of how extrinsic mortality can shape evolution of senescence in a vertebrate clade. Nothobranchius is emerging as a genomic model species. The characterization of pairs of closely related species with different longevities should provide a powerful paradigm for the identification of genetic variations responsible for evolution of senescence in natural populations.
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D'angelo L. Brain Atlas of an Emerging Teleostean Model:Nothobranchius furzeri. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 296:681-91. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.22668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Livia D'angelo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions; University of Naples Federico II; Italy
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Effects of resveratrol on longevity, cognitive ability and aging-related histological markers in the annual fish Nothobranchius guentheri. Exp Gerontol 2012; 47:940-9. [PMID: 22960591 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2012.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aging research was hindered because of the long lifespan of available vertebrates. Annual fishes of Nothobranchius have become a new model organism for aging studies. Resveratrol, a natural plant-derived chemical, prolongs lifespan in many animals. Here we used the wild strain of N. guentheri, which has the mean lifespan of 12months, to detect the effects of resveratrol on the longevity, cognitive ability and aging-related histological markers. Our results showed that the pharmaceutical treatment of resveratrol prolonged the lifespan of N. guentheri but did not affect their body size. Three behavioral assays for cognitive ability and locomotor activity demonstrated that the resveratrol-treated fish exhibited the higher rate of performances than the fish in the control group. Further data indicated that resveratrol not only had the property of protecting N. guentheri from neurodegeneration, but retarded the aging-related histological markers in lipofuscin formation and in the expression of senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity.
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Almaida-Pagán PF, de Costa J, Mendiola P, Tocher DR. Changes in tissue and mitochondrial membrane composition during rapid growth, maturation and aging in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2012; 161:404-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Revised: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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[Aging of the circadian system]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2011; 47:76-80. [PMID: 22172572 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ageing affects all organic structures and processes, including the circadian system and its principal sign, the biological rhythms. The circadian system temporarily organizes the living organisms. It is made up of structures receiving information from the external environment (that synchronize the circadian clock), the central circadian pacemaker and the peripheral clocks that depends on it, and several outputs that are the overt rhythms. Ageing produces losses in function of all these three components: receptors (the eye in its capacity to transmit the more active light information to the circadian system), the central pacemaker (due to alterations in neuronal function) and the outputs. This leads to the alteration of overt rhythms, with losses in the phase relationship between them, a reduction in amplitude, an increase in fragmentation and an advancement of its phase.
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