1
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Kim YH, Ryu JI, Devare MN, Jung J, Kim JY. The intricate role of Sir2 in oxidative stress response during the post-diauxic phase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1285559. [PMID: 38029141 PMCID: PMC10666771 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1285559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) is a conserved NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase crucial for regulating cellular stress response and the aging process in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism underlying how the absence of Sir2 can lead to altered stress susceptibilities in S. cerevisiae under different environmental and physiological conditions. In a glucose-complex medium, the sir2Δ strain showed increased sensitivity to H2O2 compared to the wild-type strain during the post-diauxic phase. In contrast, it displayed increased resistance during the exponential growth phase. Transcriptome analysis of yeast cells in the post-diauxic phase indicated that the sir2Δ mutant expressed several oxidative defense genes at lower levels than the wild-type, potentially accounting for its increased susceptibility to H2O2. Interestingly, however, the sir2Δras2Δ double mutant exhibited greater resistance to H2O2 than the ras2Δ single mutant counterpart. We found that the expression regulation of the cytoplasmic catalase encoded by CTT1 was critical for the increased resistance to H2O2 in the sir2Δras2Δ strain. The expression of the CTT1 gene was influenced by the combined effect of RAS2 deletion and the transcription factor Azf1, whose level was modulated by Sir2. These findings provide insights into the importance of understanding the intricate interactions among various factors contributing to cellular stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jeong-Yoon Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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2
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Bari KA, Berg MD, Genereaux J, Brandl CJ, Lajoie P. Tra1 controls the transcriptional landscape of the aging cell. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2022; 13:6782959. [PMID: 36315064 PMCID: PMC9836359 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression undergoes considerable changes during the aging process. The mechanisms regulating the transcriptional response to cellular aging remain poorly understood. Here, we employ the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to better understand how organisms adapt their transcriptome to promote longevity. Chronological lifespan assays in yeast measure the survival of nondividing cells at stationary phase over time, providing insights into the aging process of postmitotic cells. Tra1 is an essential component of both the yeast Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase/Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase-like and nucleosome acetyltransferase of H4 complexes, where it recruits these complexes to acetylate histones at targeted promoters. Importantly, Tra1 regulates the transcriptional response to multiple stresses. To evaluate the role of Tra1 in chronological aging, we took advantage of a previously characterized mutant allele that carries mutations in the TRA1 PI3K domain (tra1Q3). We found that loss of functions associated with tra1Q3 sensitizes cells to growth media acidification and shortens lifespan. Transcriptional profiling reveals that genes differentially regulated by Tra1 during the aging process are enriched for components of the response to stress. Notably, expression of catalases (CTA1, CTT1) involved in hydrogen peroxide detoxification decreases in chronologically aged tra1Q3 cells. Consequently, they display increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. tra1Q3 cells are unable to grow on glycerol indicating a defect in mitochondria function. Aged tra1Q3 cells also display reduced expression of peroxisomal genes, exhibit decreased numbers of peroxisomes, and cannot grow on media containing oleate. Thus, Tra1 emerges as an important regulator of longevity in yeast via multiple mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaleda Afrin Bari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Matthew D Berg
- Present address for Matthew D Berg: Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julie Genereaux
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Christopher J Brandl
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Patrick Lajoie
- Corresponding author: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada.
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3
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Wodrich APK, Scott AW, Shukla AK, Harris BT, Giniger E. The Unfolded Protein Responses in Health, Aging, and Neurodegeneration: Recent Advances and Future Considerations. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:831116. [PMID: 35283733 PMCID: PMC8914544 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.831116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and age-related neurodegeneration are both associated with the accumulation of unfolded and abnormally folded proteins, highlighting the importance of protein homeostasis (termed proteostasis) in maintaining organismal health. To this end, two cellular compartments with essential protein folding functions, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the mitochondria, are equipped with unique protein stress responses, known as the ER unfolded protein response (UPRER) and the mitochondrial UPR (UPRmt), respectively. These organellar UPRs play roles in shaping the cellular responses to proteostatic stress that occurs in aging and age-related neurodegeneration. The loss of adaptive UPRER and UPRmt signaling potency with age contributes to a feed-forward cycle of increasing protein stress and cellular dysfunction. Likewise, UPRER and UPRmt signaling is often altered in age-related neurodegenerative diseases; however, whether these changes counteract or contribute to the disease pathology appears to be context dependent. Intriguingly, altering organellar UPR signaling in animal models can reduce the pathological consequences of aging and neurodegeneration which has prompted clinical investigations of UPR signaling modulators as therapeutics. Here, we review the physiology of both the UPRER and the UPRmt, discuss how UPRER and UPRmt signaling changes in the context of aging and neurodegeneration, and highlight therapeutic strategies targeting the UPRER and UPRmt that may improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P. K. Wodrich
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
- College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Andrew W. Scott
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Arvind Kumar Shukla
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Brent T. Harris
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
- Department of Neurology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Edward Giniger
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Edward Giniger,
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4
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Still Living Better through Chemistry: An Update on Caloric Restriction and Caloric Restriction Mimetics as Tools to Promote Health and Lifespan. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239220. [PMID: 33287232 PMCID: PMC7729921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR), the reduction of caloric intake without inducing malnutrition, is the most reproducible method of extending health and lifespan across numerous organisms, including humans. However, with nearly one-third of the world’s population overweight, it is obvious that caloric restriction approaches are difficult for individuals to achieve. Therefore, identifying compounds that mimic CR is desirable to promote longer, healthier lifespans without the rigors of restricting diet. Many compounds, such as rapamycin (and its derivatives), metformin, or other naturally occurring products in our diets (nutraceuticals), induce CR-like states in laboratory models. An alternative to CR is the removal of specific elements (such as individual amino acids) from the diet. Despite our increasing knowledge of the multitude of CR approaches and CR mimetics, the extent to which these strategies overlap mechanistically remains unclear. Here we provide an update of CR and CR mimetic research, summarizing mechanisms by which these strategies influence genome function required to treat age-related pathologies and identify the molecular fountain of youth.
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5
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Taylor RC, Hetz C. Mastering organismal aging through the endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis network. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13265. [PMID: 33128506 PMCID: PMC7681052 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aging process is characterized by a progressive decline in the function of most tissues, representing the main risk factor in the development of a variety of human diseases. Studies in multiple animal models have demonstrated that interventions that improve the capacity to maintain endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis prolong life and healthspan. ER stress is monitored by the unfolded protein response (UPR), a signaling pathway that mediates adaptive processes to restore proteostasis or the elimination of damaged cells by apoptosis. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the significance of the UPR to aging and its implications for the maintenance of cell physiology of various cell types and organs. The possible benefits of targeting the UPR to extend healthspan and reduce the risk of developing age-related diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Center for GeroscienceBrain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile
- Biomedical Neuroscience InstituteFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
- Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCAUSA
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6
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Sulfate assimilation regulates hydrogen sulfide production independent of lifespan and reactive oxygen species under methionine restriction condition in yeast. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:4254-4273. [PMID: 31254461 PMCID: PMC6628990 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endogenously produced hydrogen sulfide was proposed to be an underlying mechanism of lifespan extension via methionine restriction. However, hydrogen sulfide regulation and its beneficial effects via methionine restriction remain elusive. Here, we identified the genes required to increase hydrogen sulfide production under methionine restriction condition using genome-wide high-throughput screening in yeast strains with single-gene deletions. Sulfate assimilation-related genes, such as MET1, MET3, MET5, and MET10, were found to be particularly crucial for hydrogen sulfide production. Interestingly, methionine restriction failed to increase hydrogen sulfide production in mutant strains; however, it successfully extended chronological lifespan and reduced reactive oxygen species levels. Altogether, our observations suggested that increased hydrogen sulfide production via methionine restriction is not the mechanism underlying extended yeast lifespan, even though increased hydrogen sulfide production occurred simultaneously with yeast lifespan extension under methionine restriction condition.
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7
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Yong-Quan Ng G, Fann DYW, Jo DG, Sobey CG, Arumugam TV. Epigenetic Regulation by Dietary Restriction: Part II. CONDITIONING MEDICINE 2019; 2:300-310. [PMID: 32039346 PMCID: PMC7007178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the first part of our review, we extensively discuss the different variants of dietary restriction (DR) regimens, as well as its corresponding mechanism(s) and subsequent effects. We also provide a detailed analysis of the different epigenetic mechanisms based on current knowledge. We postulate that DR may represent an environmental intervention that can modulate the epigenomic profile of an individual. It is highly plausible that epigenetic regulation by DR may help explain the asymmetric manifestation of DR effects in different individuals. Additionally, epigenetic modifications via DR may lead to epigenetic programming, providing protection against age-associated diseases, which in turn could lead to reduced morbidity and increased lifespan. In the second part of the review, we summarize recent findings that highlight the epigenomic axis of DR, which provides a better understanding of the mechanisms by which its numerous health benefits are achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Yong-Quan Ng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Yang-Wei Fann
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher G. Sobey
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thiruma V. Arumugam
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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8
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Cell organelles and yeast longevity: an intertwined regulation. Curr Genet 2019; 66:15-41. [PMID: 31535186 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-019-01035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Organelles are dynamic structures of a eukaryotic cell that compartmentalize various essential functions and regulate optimum functioning. On the other hand, ageing is an inevitable phenomenon that leads to irreversible cellular damage and affects optimum functioning of cells. Recent research shows compelling evidence that connects organelle dysfunction to ageing-related diseases/disorders. Studies in several model systems including yeast have led to seminal contributions to the field of ageing in uncovering novel pathways, proteins and their functions, identification of pro- and anti-ageing factors and so on. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of findings that highlight the role of organelles in ageing and ageing-associated functions/pathways in yeast.
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9
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Chadwick SR, Fazio EN, Etedali-Zadeh P, Genereaux J, Duennwald ML, Lajoie P. A functional unfolded protein response is required for chronological aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr Genet 2019; 66:263-277. [PMID: 31346745 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-019-01019-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Progressive impairment of proteostasis and accumulation of toxic misfolded proteins are associated with the cellular aging process. Here, we employed chronologically aged yeast cells to investigate how activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) upon accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) affects lifespan. We found that cells lacking a functional UPR display a significantly reduced chronological lifespan, which contrasts previous findings in models of replicative aging. We find exacerbated UPR activation in aged cells, indicating an increase in misfolded protein burden in the ER during the course of aging. We also observed that caloric restriction, which promotes longevity in various model organisms, extends lifespan of UPR-deficient strains. Similarly, aging in pH-buffered media extends lifespan, albeit independently of the UPR. Thus, our data support a role for caloric restriction and reduced acid stress in improving ER homeostasis during aging. Finally, we show that UPR-mediated upregulation of the ER chaperone Kar2 and functional ER-associated degradation (ERAD) are essential for proper aging. Our work documents the central role of secretory protein homeostasis in chronological aging in yeast and highlights that the requirement for a functional UPR can differ between post-mitotic and actively dividing eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Chadwick
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Elena N Fazio
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Parnian Etedali-Zadeh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Julie Genereaux
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Martin L Duennwald
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Patrick Lajoie
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.
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10
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The Impact of Caloric Restriction on the Epigenetic Signatures of Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20082022. [PMID: 31022953 PMCID: PMC6515465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20082022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by an extensive remodeling of epigenetic patterns, which has been implicated in the physiopathology of age-related diseases. Nutrition plays a significant role in modulating the epigenome, and a growing amount of data indicate that dietary changes can modify the epigenetic marks associated with aging. In this review, we will assess the current advances in the relationship between caloric restriction, a proven anti-aging intervention, and epigenetic signatures of aging. We will specifically discuss the impact of caloric restriction on epigenetic regulation and how some of the favorable effects of caloric restriction on lifespan and healthspan could be mediated by epigenetic modifications.
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11
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Choi KM, Hong SJ, van Deursen JM, Kim S, Kim KH, Lee CK. Caloric Restriction and Rapamycin Differentially Alter Energy Metabolism in Yeast. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 73:29-38. [PMID: 28329151 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapamycin (RM), a drug that inhibits the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and responds to nutrient availability, seemingly mimics the effects of caloric restriction (CR) on healthy life span. However, the extent of the mechanistic overlap between RM and CR remains incompletely understood. Here, we compared the impact of CR and RM on cellular metabolic status. Both regimens maintained intracellular ATP through the chronological aging process and showed enhanced mitochondrial capacity. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that CR had a stronger impact on global gene expression than RM. We observed a like impact on the metabolome and identified distinct metabolites affected by CR and RM. CR severely reduced the level of energy storage molecules including glycogen and lipid droplets, whereas RM did not. RM boosted the production of enzymes responsible for the breakdown of glycogen and lipid droplets. Collectively, these results provide insights into the distinct energy metabolism mechanisms induced by CR and RM, suggesting that these two anti-aging regimens might extend life span through distinctive pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Mi Choi
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Jin Hong
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jan M van Deursen
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sooah Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Heon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Koo Lee
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Martínez G, Duran‐Aniotz C, Cabral‐Miranda F, Vivar JP, Hetz C. Endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis impairment in aging. Aging Cell 2017; 16:615-623. [PMID: 28436203 PMCID: PMC5506418 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbed neuronal proteostasis is a salient feature shared by both aging and protein misfolding disorders. The proteostasis network controls the health of the proteome by integrating pathways involved in protein synthesis, folding, trafficking, secretion, and their degradation. A reduction in the buffering capacity of the proteostasis network during aging may increase the risk to undergo neurodegeneration by enhancing the accumulation of misfolded proteins. As almost one-third of the proteome is synthetized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), maintenance of its proper function is fundamental to sustain neuronal function. In fact, ER stress is a common feature of most neurodegenerative diseases. The unfolded protein response (UPR) operates as central player to maintain ER homeostasis or the induction of cell death of chronically damaged cells. Here, we discuss recent evidence placing ER stress as a driver of brain aging, and the emerging impact of neuronal UPR in controlling global proteostasis at the whole organismal level. Finally, we discuss possible therapeutic interventions to improve proteostasis and prevent pathological brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Martínez
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile
- Biomedical Neuroscience InstituteFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
- Center for Integrative BiologyUniversidad MayorSantiagoChile
| | - Claudia Duran‐Aniotz
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile
- Biomedical Neuroscience InstituteFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Felipe Cabral‐Miranda
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile
- Biomedical Neuroscience InstituteFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
- Instituto de Ciências BiomédicasUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrasil
| | - Juan P. Vivar
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile
- Biomedical Neuroscience InstituteFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and MetabolismSantiagoChile
- Biomedical Neuroscience InstituteFaculty of MedicineUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
- Program of Cellular and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of ChileSantiagoChile
- Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCA94945USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious diseasesHarvard School of Public HealthBostonMA02115USA
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13
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Kwon YY, Lee SK, Lee CK. Caloric Restriction-Induced Extension of Chronological Lifespan Requires Intact Respiration in Budding Yeast. Mol Cells 2017; 40:307-313. [PMID: 28427248 PMCID: PMC5424277 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.2279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to extend lifespan and prevent cellular senescence in various species ranging from yeast to humans. Many effects of CR may contribute to extend lifespan. Specifically, CR prevents oxidative damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS) by enhancing mitochondrial function. In this study, we characterized 33 single electron transport chain (ETC) gene-deletion strains to identify CR-induced chronological lifespan (CLS) extension mechanisms. Interestingly, defects in 17 of these 33 ETC gene-deleted strains showed loss of both respiratory function and CR-induced CLS extension. On the contrary, the other 16 respiration-capable mutants showed increased CLS upon CR along with increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, with decreased mitochondrial superoxide generation. We measured the same parameters in the 17 non-respiratory mutants upon CR. CR simultaneously increased MMP and mitochondrial superoxide generation without altering intracellular ATP levels. In conclusion, respiration is essential for CLS extension by CR and is important for balancing MMP, ROS, and ATP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Yon Kwon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Korea
| | - Sung-Keun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212,
Korea
| | - Cheol-Koo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Korea
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14
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Bhadra AK, Das E, Roy I. Protein aggregation activates erratic stress response in dietary restricted yeast cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33433. [PMID: 27633120 PMCID: PMC5025734 DOI: 10.1038/srep33433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress and prolonged activation of defence pathways have deleterious consequences for the cell. Dietary restriction is believed to be beneficial as it induces the cellular stress response machinery. We report here that although the phenomenon is beneficial in a wild-type cell, dietary restriction leads to an inconsistent response in a cell that is already under proteotoxicity-induced stress. Using a yeast model of Huntington's disease, we show that contrary to expectation, aggregation of mutant huntingtin is exacerbated and activation of the unfolded protein response pathway is dampened under dietary restriction. Global proteomic analysis shows that when exposed to a single stress, either protein aggregation or dietary restriction, the expression of foldases like peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, is strongly upregulated. However, under combinatorial stress, this lead is lost, which results in enhanced protein aggregation and reduced cell survival. Successful designing of aggregation-targeted therapeutics will need to take additional stressors into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankan Kumar Bhadra
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Eshita Das
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
| | - Ipsita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India
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15
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Gillespie ZE, Pickering J, Eskiw CH. Better Living through Chemistry: Caloric Restriction (CR) and CR Mimetics Alter Genome Function to Promote Increased Health and Lifespan. Front Genet 2016; 7:142. [PMID: 27588026 PMCID: PMC4988992 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR), defined as decreased nutrient intake without causing malnutrition, has been documented to increase both health and lifespan across numerous organisms, including humans. Many drugs and other compounds naturally occurring in our diet (nutraceuticals) have been postulated to act as mimetics of caloric restriction, leading to a wave of research investigating the efficacy of these compounds in preventing age-related diseases and promoting healthier, longer lifespans. Although well studied at the biochemical level, there are still many unanswered questions about how CR and CR mimetics impact genome function and structure. Here we discuss how genome function and structure are influenced by CR and potential CR mimetics, including changes in gene expression profiles and epigenetic modifications and their potential to identify the genetic fountain of youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe E Gillespie
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Joshua Pickering
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Christopher H Eskiw
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences, University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon, SK, Canada
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Martínez G, Duran-Aniotz C, Cabral-Miranda F, Hetz C. Commentary: XBP-1 Is a Cell-Nonautonomous Regulator of Stress Resistance and Longevity. Front Aging Neurosci 2016; 8:182. [PMID: 27534903 PMCID: PMC4971125 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Martínez
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and MetabolismSantiago, Chile; Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of ChileSantiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of ChileSantiago, Chile; Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad MayorSantiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Duran-Aniotz
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and MetabolismSantiago, Chile; Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of ChileSantiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Cabral-Miranda
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and MetabolismSantiago, Chile; Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of ChileSantiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and MetabolismSantiago, Chile; Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of ChileSantiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of ChileSantiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovato, CA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious diseases, Harvard School of Public HealthBoston, MA, USA
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17
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Van Bussel IPG, Jolink-Stoppelenburg A, De Groot CPGM, Müller MR, Afman LA. Differences in genome-wide gene expression response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells between young and old men upon caloric restriction. GENES AND NUTRITION 2016; 11:13. [PMID: 27551314 PMCID: PMC4968441 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-016-0528-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Caloric restriction (CR) is considered to increase lifespan and to prevent various age-related diseases in different nonhuman organisms. Only a limited number of CR studies have been performed on humans, and results put CR as a beneficial tool to decrease risk factors in several age-related diseases. The question remains at what age CR should be implemented to be most effective with respect to healthy aging. The aim of our study was to elucidate the role of age in the transcriptional response to a completely controlled 30 % CR diet on immune cells, as immune response is affected during aging. Ten healthy young men, aged 20–28, and nine healthy old men, aged 64–85, were subjected to a 2-week weight maintenance diet, followed by 3 weeks of 30 % CR. Before and after 30 % CR, the whole genome gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was assessed. Results Expression of 554 genes showed a different response between young and old men upon CR. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed a downregulation of gene sets involved in the immune response in young but not in old men. At baseline, immune response-related genes were higher expressed in old compared to young men. Upstream regulator analyses revealed that most potential regulators were controlling the immune response. Conclusions Based on the gene expression data, we theorise that a short period of CR is not effective in old men regarding immune-related pathways while it is effective in young men. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00561145 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12263-016-0528-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- I P G Van Bussel
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Jolink-Stoppelenburg
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - C P G M De Groot
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M R Müller
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands ; Current Address: Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - L A Afman
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands ; Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University & Research centre, PO BOX 8129, NL-6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Kwon YY, Choi KM, Cho C, Lee CK. Mitochondrial Efficiency-Dependent Viability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mutants Carrying Individual Electron Transport Chain Component Deletions. Mol Cells 2015; 38:1054-63. [PMID: 26608359 PMCID: PMC4696996 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in eukaryotic cells; the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which serves as an energy source for numerous critical cellular activities. However, the ETC also generates deleterious reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a natural byproduct of oxidative phosphorylation. ROS are considered the major cause of aging because they damage proteins, lipids, and DNA by oxidation. We analyzed the chronological life span, growth phenotype, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular ATP and mitochondrial superoxide levels of 33 single ETC component-deleted strains during the chronological aging process. Among the ETC mutant strains, 14 (sdh1Δ, sdh2Δ, sdh4Δ, cor1Δ, cyt1Δ, qcr7Δ, qcr8Δ, rip1Δ, cox6Δ, cox7Δ, cox9Δ, atp4Δ, atp7Δ, and atp17Δ) showed a significantly shorter life span. The deleted genes encode important elements of the ETC components succinate dehydrogenase (complex II) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), and some of the deletions lead to structural instability of the membrane-F1F0-ATP synthase due to mutations in the stator stalk (complex V). These short-lived strains generated higher superoxide levels and produced lower ATP levels without alteration of MMP. In summary, ETC mutations decreased the life span of yeast due to impaired mitochondrial efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Yon Kwon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
| | - Kyung-Mi Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
| | - ChangYeon Cho
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonbuk 590-832,
Korea
| | - Cheol-Koo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701,
Korea
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19
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Wanichthanarak K, Wongtosrad N, Petranovic D. Genome-wide expression analyses of the stationary phase model of ageing in yeast. Mech Ageing Dev 2015; 149:65-74. [PMID: 26079307 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ageing processes involved in replicative lifespan (RLS) and chronological lifespan (CLS) have been found to be conserved among many organisms, including in unicellular Eukarya such as yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we performed an integrated approach of genome wide expression profiles of yeast at different time points, during growth and starvation. The aim of the study was to identify transcriptional changes in those conditions by using several different computational analyses in order to propose transcription factors, biological networks and metabolic pathways that seem to be relevant during the process of chronological ageing in yeast. Specifically, we performed differential gene expression analysis, gene-set enrichment analysis and network-based analysis, and we identified pathways affected in the stationary phase and specific transcription factors driving transcriptional adaptations. The results indicate signal propagation from G protein-coupled receptors through signaling pathway components and other stress and nutrient-induced transcription factors resulting in adaptation of yeast cells to the lack of nutrients by activating metabolism associated with aerobic metabolism of carbon sources such as ethanol, glycerol and fatty acids. In addition, we found STE12, XBP1 and TOS8 as highly connected nodes in the subnetworks of ageing yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanjeera Wanichthanarak
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nutvadee Wongtosrad
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Dina Petranovic
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden.
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20
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Choi KM, Kwon YY, Lee CK. Disruption of Snf3/Rgt2 glucose sensors decreases lifespan and caloric restriction effectiveness through Mth1/Std1 by adjusting mitochondrial efficiency in yeast. FEBS Lett 2014; 589:349-57. [PMID: 25541485 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Down-regulation of intracellular nutrient signal pathways was proposed to be a primary mechanism of caloric restriction (CR)-mediated lifespan extension. However, the link between lifespan and glucose sensors in the plasma membrane was poorly understood in yeast. Herein, a mutant that lacked glucose sensors (snf3Δrgt2Δ) had impaired glucose fermentation, showed decreased chronological lifespan (CLS), and reduced CLS extension by CR. The mutant also had reduced mitochondrial efficiency, as inferred by increased mitochondrial superoxide and decreased ATP levels. Mth1 and Std1, which are downstream effectors of the Snf3/Rgt2 pathway, were required for viability through mitochondrial function but not fermentative metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Mi Choi
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Yon Kwon
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Koo Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea.
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