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Dos Santos Silva RA, Peres-Ueno MJ, Nicola AC, Santos LFG, Fernandes-Breitenbach F, Rubira RJG, Pereira R, Chaves-Neto AH, Dornelles RCM. The microarchitecture and chemical composition of the femur neck of senescent female rats after different physical training protocols. GeroScience 2024; 46:1927-1946. [PMID: 37776397 PMCID: PMC10828330 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A sedentary lifestyle, coupled with a decrease in estrogen, impairs bone homeostasis, favoring to the development of osteopenia and osteoporosis, both recognized as risk factors for fractures. Here, we investigated the quality of the femur, particularly the femur neck region, and the ambulation performance of senescent rats subjected to three different physical training protocols during the periestropause period. Forty-eight female rats, 18 months of age, were subjected to a 120-day training period, three times a week. The rats were distributed into four groups: aerobic training (AT), strength training (ST), concurrent training (CT), or no training (NT). After the experimental period, at 21 months of age, ambulation performance and femur were analyzed using microtomography, Raman stereology, densitometry, and mechanical strength tests. The results demonstrated greater remodeling activity and improvement in resistance and bone microarchitecture in the femur neck of senescent female rats after undergoing physical training. Our verified higher intensities of bands related to collagen, phosphate, amide III, and amide I. Furthermore, the analysis of the secondary collagen structures indicated alterations in the collagen network due to the exercise, resulting in increased bone strength. Both AT and strength-based training proved beneficial, with AT showing greater adaptations in bone density and stiffness in the femur, while strength-based training greater adaptations in trabecular and cortical structure. These insights contribute to the understanding of the potential interventions for preventing osteopenia and osteoporosis, which are critical risk factors for fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Augusto Dos Santos Silva
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rodovia Marechal Rondon, km 527, CEP 16018-805, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melise Jacon Peres-Ueno
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rodovia Marechal Rondon, km 527, CEP 16018-805, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela Cristina Nicola
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rodovia Marechal Rondon, km 527, CEP 16018-805, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Fernando Gadioli Santos
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rodovia Marechal Rondon, km 527, CEP 16018-805, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fernandes-Breitenbach
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rodovia Marechal Rondon, km 527, CEP 16018-805, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Jesus Gonçalves Rubira
- Physics Department, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pereira
- Integrative Physiology Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Jequie, Bahia, 45210-506, Brazil
| | - Antônio Hernandes Chaves-Neto
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rodovia Marechal Rondon, km 527, CEP 16018-805, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences - SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Rodovia Marechal Rondon, km 527, CEP 16018-805, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Esperança TD, Stringhetta-Villar BP, Cavalcante DP, Douradinho LG, Fiais GA, Pereira R, Chaves-Neto AH, Lima FB, Dornelles RCM. Analysis of the cognitive and functional behavior of female rats in the periestropause after hormone therapy with estrogen. Behav Brain Res 2024; 462:114866. [PMID: 38232785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Perimenopause is a critical period, with severe cycle irregularity and lower estrogen secretion altering redox state biomarkers, leading to behavioral changes. The estrogen hormonal therapy (EHT) being commonly used to alleviate climacteric effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze anxiolytic profile, recognition memory (short and long term), ambulation, redox status, cell synaptic activity in locus coeruleus and hippocampus of Wistar rats in the periestropause after EHT. Forty rats participated in the study; 20 were treated with corn oil (group 21Mo/Veh; corn oil/0.2 mL/sc; 2x/week) and 20 were submitted to EHT (group 21Mo/E2; 17β-estradiol/15 μg/Kg/sc; 2x/week) for 120 days. Open field, elevated plus maze, object recognition (RO), and footprint tests were performed immediately before and at the end of the treatment period. From the decapitated brains, isolated hippocampus were destined for biochemical analysis, in turn, perfused brains were destined for histological analysis. The 21Mo/E2 group had a significantly greater total time in the central region and a significantly greater number of entries into the open arms compared to the 21Mo/Veh group, as in crossing, rearing and grooming behaviors, evidencing an anxiolytic profile. In the RO test, the 21Mo/Veh group decreased long-term memory, and the 21Mo/E2 group maintained the same index as at 17 months of age, in addition to a better balance of the hippocampal redox state, prevention of neuronal cell loss and better gait. Based on the results, it appears that exogenous E2 supplementation during periestropause may help preserve neurological functions and potentially prevent neuropsychological and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thainá Daguane Esperança
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences- SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Procópio Stringhetta-Villar
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences- SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Débora Prazias Cavalcante
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences- SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Galante Douradinho
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences- SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Alice Fiais
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences- SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pereira
- Integrative Physiology Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Jequie 45210-506, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Antonio Hernandes Chaves-Neto
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences- SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences- SBFis/UNESP, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Aging Biology Research Group, Department of Basic Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
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Yardimci A, Ulker Ertugrul N, Ozgen A, Ozbeg G, Ridvan Ozdede M, Ercan EC, Canpolat S. Effects of chronic irisin treatment on brain monoamine levels in the hypothalamic and subcortical nuclei of adult male and female rats: An HPLC-ECD study. Neurosci Lett 2023; 806:137245. [PMID: 37061025 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Monoaminergic systems are known to be involved in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and vegetative functions due to their established influence on hypothalamic and subcortical areas. These systems can be modulated by lifestyle factors, especially exercise, which is known to produce several beneficial effects on reproduction, brain health, and mental disorders. The fact that exercise is sensed by the brain shows that muscle-stimulated secretion of myokines allows direct crosstalk between the muscles and the brain. One of such exercise-induced beneficial effects on the brain is exhibited by irisin-a recently discovered PGC-1α-dependent adipo-myokine mainly secreted from skeletal muscle during exercise. Thus, we hypothesized that irisin may affect central monoamine levels and thus play an important role in the muscle-brain endocrine loop. To test this assertion, for 10 weeks, vehicle (deionized water) or 100 ng/kg irisin was injected intraperitoneally once a day to 12 male and 12 female rats after which the levels of monoamines and their metabolites were determined by HPLC-ECD. In the hypothalamic nuclei, irisin significantly decreased dopamine (DA) metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) (p<0.05), DOPAC/DA ratio (p<0.01) and noradrenaline (NA, p<0.05) levels in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV), and DOPAC and NA levels in the medial preoptic area (mPOA) (p<0.05), having a crucial role in reproduction and sexual motivation, respectively. On the other hand, irisin significantly increased DOPAC levels in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) (p<0.05), which acts as a hunger center, while it significantly decreased the levels of DA, NA, and its metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) as a known satiety center (p<0.05). In nucleus accumbens (NaC), irisin significantly reduced 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels (p<0.05), which are implicated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) physiopathology. It also significantly increased DA levels in this area, thus exhibiting positive effects on depression and sexual dysfunction in men. On the other hand, it significantly decreased serotonin (5-HT) (p<0.01) and its metabolite 5-HIAA levels in the medial amygdala (MeA) (p<0.05), indicating that it may play a role in social behaviors. Moreover, it significantly attenuated NA levels in the same hypothalamic area, which is directly involved in stress-induced activation of the central noradrenergic system. These findings demonstrate for the first time that irisin induces significant changes in monoamine levels in many hypothalamic nuclei involved in feeding behavior and vegetative functions, as well as in subcortical nuclei related to neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Yardimci
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
| | | | - Aslisah Ozgen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Gulendam Ozbeg
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Eda Coban Ercan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Sinan Canpolat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Fernandes-Breitenbach F, Peres-Ueno MJ, Santos LFG, Brito VGB, Castoldi RC, Louzada MJQ, Chaves-Neto AH, Oliveira SHP, Dornelles RCM. Analysis of the femoral neck from rats in the periestropause treated with oxytocin and submitted to strength training. Bone 2022; 162:116452. [PMID: 35654351 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Among the interventions used to prevent osteoporosis in female organisms, strength training (ST) and oxytocin (OT) stand out, as a promising hormone with anabolic action on bone. This study aimed to verify whether the combined action of OT and ST, compared to isolated interventions, potentiates the bone remodeling process of the femoral neck of Wistar rats during periestropause. Forty Wistar rats (18 months) with irregular estrous cycle were randomly distributed into groups: 1-Vehicle (Veh; NaCl 0.15 mol/L ip); 2-Oxytocin (Ot; 134 μg/kg/ip); 3-Strength training (St); 4-Ot + St. The animals of the 1, 2 and 4 groups received two intraperitoneal injections with an interval of 12 h every 30 days, totaling 8 injections at the end of the experimental period (18 to 21 months). The animals in the St and Ot + St groups performed ST on a ladder 3 times a week, maximal voluntary carrying capacity (MVCC) test monthly. After 120 days, the animals were euthanized; the femur was collected for analysis of biomechanical testing, densitometry, bone microtomography, Raman spectroscopy, tissue PCR, and blood for analysis of bone biomarkers, liver damage, and oxidative stress. The main effects in the Ot group were observed in the maximum load and energy in the compression testing (femoral head), and stiffness and energy in the three-points bending testing (femur diaphysis). In addition, the main effects occurred on the bone mineral density (BMD), cortical thickness (Ct.Th), number of pores (Po.N), polar moment of inertia (J), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and connectivity density (Conn.Dn), Bone alkaline phosphatase (Alp), Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11b (Opg), Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (Rankl) and Cathepsin K (Ctsk) expression. There was an effect in the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). In the St group, the main effect was observed on the energy (compression and the three-points bending), stiffness, aBMD, BMD, cortical bone area (Ct.Ar), Po.N, trabecular bone volume (BV/TV), Tb.Th and in the mineralization ratio (ѵ1PO4/proline), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2), Alp, Osteopontin/secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Opn/Spp1), Opg, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11ª (Rank), Rankl, Ctsk expression. There was an effect in the TRAP and ALP. The interaction in the combination of therapies in the Ot + St group was verified in energy to maximum load (compression and three-points bending testing), stiffness, BMD, Ct.Th, J, Tb.Th and ѵ1PO4/proline. In the gene analysis there was interaction in the Runx2, Osterix/Sp7 transcription factor (Osx/Sp7), Bmp2, Alp, Osteocalcin/Bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein (Ocn/Bglap), Opg, Rankl and Acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant (Trap/Acp5) expression. In addition, the combination of OT and ST resulted in a higher maximum load compared to the Veh group, with higher BV/TV than the Ot group, higher Rankl and Ctsk expression than Veh and Ot groups, and lower Po.N and lower activity of TRAP than the other groups. In oxidative stress, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was lower. These results showed that the combination of interventions is a promising anabolic strategy for the prevention of osteoporosis in the period of periestropause, standing out from the effects of isolated interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Fernandes-Breitenbach
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melise Jacon Peres-Ueno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Fernando Gadioli Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victor Gustavo Balera Brito
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robson Chacon Castoldi
- Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS
| | - Mário Jeferson Quirino Louzada
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Hernandes Chaves-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Santos LFG, Fernandes-Breitenbach F, Silva RAS, Santos DR, Peres-Ueno MJ, Ervolino E, Chaves-Neto AH, Dornelles RCM. The action of oxytocin on the bone of senescent female rats. Life Sci 2022; 297:120484. [PMID: 35301015 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study verified the action of oxytocin (OT) as a preventive measure to control bone damage during aging in female rats. MAIN METHODS Wistar rats received saline (0.15 mol/L/IP; Vehicle Group), Atosiban/AT (300 μg/Kg/IP; At Group), OT (134 μg/Kg/IP; Ot Group), or AT+OT (OT injections 5 min after AT; At+Ot Group), at 19 and 20 months of age. A functional test was performed immediately before and 30 days after the injections to analyze the animals' gait. KEY FINDINGS Animals in the At group had higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, lower cortical and trabecular thickness, fewer trabeculae, higher expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and lower osteocalcin (OCN), higher cortical porosity, and lower moment of inertia and bone strength at the femoral neck. OT administration increased lipidic peroxidation and plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD), and provided, in the femoral neck, lower expression of TRAP and higher OCN, greater cortical and trabecular thickness, a greater number of trabeculae, bone mineral density (BMD), higher inertia bone strength, and lower cortical porosity. At + Ot group showed great similarity with the vehicle group, higher SOD, and BMD. An increase in stride length and no increase in base width of 21-month-old animals were observed after OT, unlike animal's vehicle or AT. SIGNIFICANCE Endogenous OT plays an important role in the regulation of bone remodeling during periestropause, and exogenous OT stands out as a potential preventive intervention in this period to improve bone quality with functional repercussions, possibly providing better gait activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Damáris Raíssa Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas/SBFis/UNESP, Brazil
| | | | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Hernandes Chaves-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas/SBFis/UNESP, Brazil; Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas/SBFis/UNESP, Brazil; Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Nicola AC, Ferreira LB, Mata MM, Vilhena-Franco T, Leite CM, Martins AB, Antunes-Rodrigues J, Poletini MO, Dornelles RCM. Vasopressinergic Activity of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and mRNA Expression of Clock Genes in the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis in Female Aging. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:652733. [PMID: 34504470 PMCID: PMC8421860 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.652733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The important involvement of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and the activity of vasopressinergic neurons in maintaining the rhythmicity of the female reproductive system depends on the mRNA transcription-translation feedback loops. Therefore, circadian clock function, like most physiological processes, is involved in the events that determine reproductive aging. This study describes the change of mRNA expression of clock genes, Per2, Bmal1, and Rev-erbα, in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG) of female rats with regular cycle (RC) and irregular cycle (IC), and the vasopressinergic neurons activity in the SCN and kisspeptin neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of these animals. Results for gonadotropins and the cFos/AVP-ir neurons in the SCN of IC were higher, but kisspeptin-ir was minor. Change in the temporal synchrony of the clock system in the HPG axis, during the period prior to the cessation of ovulatory cycles, was identified. The analysis of mRNA for Per2, Bmal1, and Rev-erbα in the reproductive axis of adult female rodents shows that the regularity of the estrous cycle is guaranteed by alternation in the amount of expression of Bmal1 and Per2, and Rev-erbα and Bmal1 between light and dark phases, which ceases to occur and contributes to determining reproductive senescence. These results showed that the desynchronization between the central and peripheral circadian clocks contributes to the irregularity of reproductive events. We suggest that the feedback loops of clock genes on the HPG axis modulate the spontaneous transition from regular to irregular cycle and to acyclicity in female rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cristina Nicola
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas—SBFis/UNESP, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Angela Cristina Nicola, ; Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles,
| | - Larissa Brazoloto Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas—SBFis/UNESP, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Milene Mantovani Mata
- University of Sao Paulo (USP), School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Vilhena-Franco
- University of Sao Paulo (USP), School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Andressa Busetti Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas—SBFis/UEL, Department of Physiological Sciences, Londrina, Brazil
| | - José Antunes-Rodrigues
- University of Sao Paulo (USP), School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maristela Oliveira Poletini
- Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas—SBFis/UNESP, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, Brazil
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Angela Cristina Nicola, ; Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles,
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Oxytocin and bone quality in the femoral neck of rats in periestropause. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7937. [PMID: 32404873 PMCID: PMC7220952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to identify whether oxytocin (OT) contributes to the reduction of osteopenia in the femoral neck of rats in periestropause. Animals in irregular estrous cycles received two NaCl injections (0.15 mol/L) or OT (134 μg/kg) over a 12-h interval, and after thirty-five days without treatments, the biological sample collection was performed. The oxytocin group (Ot) demonstrated the highest enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.0138), lowest enzymatic activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (p = 0.0045), higher percentage of compact bone (p = 0.0359), cortical expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (p = 0.0101), osterix (p = 0.0101), bone morphogenetic protein-2/4 (p = 0.0101) and periostin (p = 0.0455). Furthermore, the mineral-to-matrix ratio (ν1PO4/Proline) was higher and type-B carbonate substitution (CO3/ν1PO4) was lower (p = 0.0008 and 0.0303) in Ot group. The Ot showed higher areal bone mineral density (p = 0.0050), cortical bone area (p = 0.0416), polar moment of inertia, maximum, minimum (p = 0.0480, 0.0480, 0.0035), bone volume fraction (p = 0.0166), connectivity density (p < 0.0001), maximal load (p = 0.0003) and bone stiffness (p = 0.0145). In Ot percentage of cortical pores (p = 0.0102) and trabecular number (p = 0.0088) was lower. The results evidence action of OT in the reduction of osteopenia, suggesting that it is a promising anabolic strategy for the prevention of primary osteoporosis during the periestropause period.
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Santos LF, Singulani MP, Stringhetta-Garcia CT, Oliveira SHP, Chaves-Neto AH, Dornelles RCM. Oxytocin effects on osteoblastic differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells from adult and aging female Wistar rats. Exp Gerontol 2018; 113:58-63. [PMID: 30267870 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it has been suggested that oxytocin (OT) might play a role in the control of bone remodeling and in bone health of young and adult females. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of osteogenic medium (OM) plus OT (OM + OT; 100 nmol/L) on osteoblastic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) from cyclic adult (12 months old) and acyclic aging (24 months old) female Wistar rats. After 14 days, OM + OT increased the oxytocin and oxytocin receptor in the BMMSCs from animals of both age groups relative to OM controls. Alkaline phosphatase activity was higher in the OM + OT than OM group in BMMSCs from 24-month-old female rats. OM + OT improved osteogenic differentiation, observed by anticipated mineralization and increased gene expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, bone sialoprotein, osteopontin and osteocalcin in both aged relative to OM controls. These findings suggest a role for OT as an adjuvant to induce osteoblastic differentiation of BMMSCs from aged female rat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Unesp-SBFis, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Antonio Hernandes Chaves-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Unesp-SBFis, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, Unesp-SBFis, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba, Brazil.
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9
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llex paraguariensis decreases oxidative stress in bone and mitigates the damage in rats during perimenopause. Exp Gerontol 2017; 98:148-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Singulani MP, Stringhetta-Garcia CT, Santos LF, Morais SRL, Louzada MJQ, Oliveira SHP, Chaves Neto AH, Dornelles RCM. Effects of strength training on osteogenic differentiation and bone strength in aging female Wistar rats. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42878. [PMID: 28211481 PMCID: PMC5314400 DOI: 10.1038/srep42878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of strength training (ST) on the mechanical bone strength and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) from adult, aged and exercised aged rats were determined. The exercised aged animals displayed higher values of areal bone mineral density, compression test, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and biological mineralization, while oil red O staining for adipocytes was lower. ST increased gene expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osterix (Osx) as well as bone matrix protein expression, and reduced expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ). The production of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was lower in BMSCs of the aged exercised group. The ST practice was able to improve the bone mechanical properties in aged female rats, increasing the potential for osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, reducing the adipogenic differentiation and pro-inflammatory cytokine level. In summary, the data achieved in this study showed that strength training triggers physiological responses that result in changes in the bone microenvironment and bring benefits to biomechanical parameters of bone tissue, which could reduce the risk of fractures during senescent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mário Jefferson Quirino Louzada
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Unesp-SBFis, Brasil
- Univ Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, Araçatuba, 16050-680, Brasil
| | - Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Unesp-SBFis, Brasil
- Univ Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Araçatuba, 16018-805, Brasil
| | - Antonio Hernandes Chaves Neto
- Univ Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Araçatuba, 16018-805, Brasil
| | - Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Unesp-SBFis, Brasil
- Univ Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas, Araçatuba, 16018-805, Brasil
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