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Bakker LBM, Lamoth CJC, Vetrovsky T, Gruber M, Caljouw SR, Nieboer W, Taube W, van Dieën JH, Granacher U, Hortobágyi T. Neural Correlates of Balance Skill Learning in Young and Older Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:3. [PMID: 38185708 PMCID: PMC10772137 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the increasing number of research studies examining the effects of age on the control of posture, the number of annual fall-related injuries and deaths continues to increase. A better understanding of how old age affects the neural mechanisms of postural control and how countermeasures such as balance training could improve the neural control of posture to reduce falls in older individuals is therefore necessary. The aim of this review is to determine the effects of age on the neural correlates of balance skill learning measured during static (standing) and dynamic (walking) balance tasks in healthy individuals. METHODS We determined the effects of acute (1-3 sessions) and chronic (> 3 sessions) balance skill training on balance in the trained and in untrained, transfer balance tasks through a systematic review and quantified these effects by robust variance estimation meta-analysis in combination with meta-regression. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases. Balance performance and neural plasticity outcomes were extracted and included in the systematic synthesis and meta-analysis. RESULTS Forty-two studies (n = 622 young, n = 699 older individuals) were included in the systematic synthesis. Seventeen studies with 508 in-analysis participants were eligible for a meta-analysis. The overall analysis revealed that acute and chronic balance training had a large effect on the neural correlates of balance skill learning in the two age groups combined (g = 0.79, p < 0.01). Both age groups similarly improved balance skill performance in 1-3 training sessions and showed little further improvements with additional sessions. Improvements in balance performance mainly occurred in the trained and less so in the non-trained (i.e., transfer) balance tasks. The systematic synthesis and meta-analysis suggested little correspondence between improved balance skills and changes in spinal, cortical, and corticospinal excitability measures in the two age groups and between the time courses of changes in balance skills and neural correlates. CONCLUSIONS Balance skill learning and the accompanying neural adaptations occur rapidly and independently of age with little to no training dose-dependence or correspondence between behavioral and neural adaptations. Of the five types of neural correlates examined, changes in only spinal excitability seemed to differ between age groups. However, age or training dose in terms of duration did not moderate the effects of balance training on the changes in any of the neural correlates. The behavioral and neural mechanisms of strong task-specificity and the time course of skill retention remain unclear and require further studies in young and older individuals. REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022349573.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne B M Bakker
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Claudine J C Lamoth
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tomas Vetrovsky
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Markus Gruber
- Department of Sport Science, Human Performance Research Centre, University of Konstanz, Constance, Germany
| | - Simone R Caljouw
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ward Nieboer
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang Taube
- Department of Neurosciences and Movement Sciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jaap H van Dieën
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Urs Granacher
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, Exercise and Human Movement Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tibor Hortobágyi
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
- Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
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Nguyen SA, Oughli HA, Lavretsky H. Use of Complementary and Integrative Medicine for Alzheimer's Disease and Cognitive Decline. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:523-540. [PMID: 38073388 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Integrative medicine takes a holistic approach because it considers multiple aspects of the individual. This includes a person's physical, emotional, interpersonal, behavioral, nutritional, environmental, and spiritual dimensions of wellbeing that contribute to the Whole Person Health. There is increasing interest and popularity of integrative approaches to treating cognitive decline and dementia because of the multifactorial nature of aging and the limited pharmacological interventions available in treating cognitive decline and dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, the most common type of dementia. This review summarizes the existing evidence using complementary and integrative medicine therapies in cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. This includes the use of mind-body therapies, lifestyle interventions (nutritional, physical exercise, stress reduction), and other integrative modalities. Unfortunately, there are still limited studies available to guide clinicians despite the increasing popularity of integrative treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hanadi Ajam Oughli
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen Lavretsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Loewenthal J, Berning MJ, Wayne PM, Eckstrom E, Orkaby AR. Holistic frailty prevention: The promise of movement-based mind-body therapies. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e13986. [PMID: 37698149 PMCID: PMC10776124 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by fundamental cellular and molecular hallmarks that result in physiologic decline of most body systems. This may culminate in frailty, a state of decreased reserve. Because frailty is a state of multisystem dysregulation, multimodal interventions may be necessary to mitigate and prevent progression rather than interventions targeting a single system. Movement-based mind-body therapies, such as tai chi and yoga, are promising multimodal strategies for frailty prevention and treatment given their inherent multicomponent nature. In this review, we summarize the links between hallmarks of aging and frailty and how tai chi and yoga may impact these hallmarks. We review trial evidence for the impact of tai chi and yoga on frailty in older populations and discuss opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Loewenthal
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | | | - Peter M. Wayne
- Division of Preventive MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Elizabeth Eckstrom
- Division of General Internal Medicine & GeriatricsOregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Ariela R. Orkaby
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- New England Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC)VA Boston Healthcare SystemBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Verzili B, Valério de Arruda M, Herrmann F, Reyes MB, Galduróz RF. A systematic review with meta-analysis of Yoga's contributions to neuropsychiatric aspects of aging. Behav Brain Res 2023; 454:114636. [PMID: 37598905 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Yoga is one of the most common Complementary and Alternative Medicines (CAM) for mind-body approaches to psychological and stress-related conditions in aging. Such wide usage demands the review and systematization of the scientific literature, searching for accumulated evidence of its effectiveness. We reviewed the literature to assess whether Yoga would offer significant improvements to neuropsychiatric aspects of the elderly: anxiety, depression, stress, memory and executive functions. METHODS This systematic review with meta-analyses organized the results from all analyzed articles, comparing them between the experimental and either the control or waiting groups, calculating the effect size (Cohen-d) and the p-value of a two-tailed T-test. We presented the transformed metadata in forest graphs. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Given the heterogeneity of methods, results, and effect sizes of each study and due to the number of articles found, this meta-analysis indicates that it is not possible to state that Yoga reduces anxiety and stress in the elderly or improves cognition. However, this meta-analysis found significant results of Yoga in reducing depression with small to medium effect sizes. CONCLUSION According to the currently available literature on Yoga and aspects of aging, we concluded that yoga was effective in most studies on reducing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Verzili
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cognition, Center for Mathematics Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcel Valério de Arruda
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cognition, Center for Mathematics Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavio Herrmann
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cognition, Center for Mathematics Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo B Reyes
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cognition, Center for Mathematics Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ruth F Galduróz
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cognition, Center for Mathematics Computing and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Liu Z, Liu C, Ma K. Retrospective study on the correlation between serum MIF level and the condition and prognosis of patients with traumatic head injury. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15933. [PMID: 37645013 PMCID: PMC10461539 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and the condition and prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods A retrospective study design was used, and the clinical data of 131 TBI patients from February 2019 to January 2022 were analyzed. Patients were divided into mild (13-15 points), moderate (9-12 points), or severe (3-8 points) groups according to their Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score after admission. The serum levels of BDNF, MIF, and MBP in the three groups were compared, and their correlation with the severity of TBI was analyzed. Patients were then separated into a good prognosis group (4-5 points) and a poor prognosis group (≤3 points) based on their Glasgow Prognostic Score (GOS) after 6 months of follow-up. The predictive power of serum indexes and combined detection on prognosis was analyzed. Results Patients were classified into a mild group (n = 63), moderate group (n = 47), and severe group (n = 21) based on their GCS, with a significant difference noted in serum levels of MIF, MBP, and BDNF among patients with different degrees of severity (all P < 0.001). The MIF, MBP, and BDNF levels were lower in the mild group compared to the moderate (all P < 0.001) and severe group (all P < 0.001). Additionally, the MIF and BDNF levels in the moderate group were lower compared to the severe group (P = 0.011, P = 0.002). Patients with mild severity had lower serum MIF, MBP, and BDNF levels than those with other degrees, and these indexes were positively correlated with the severity of TBI (all P < 0.001, r = 0.62, r = 0.48, r = 0.58). Based on the GOS, patients were divided into a good prognosis group (n = 107) and a poor prognosis group (n = 24), with the levels of MIF, MBP, and BDNF in the good prognosis group being significantly lower than those in the poor prognosis group (P < 0.001, P = 0.007, P = 0.003). The area under the curve (AUC) of MIF was higher than that of MBP and BDNF in predicting the prognosis of TBI patients; however, the statistical differences were not significant (MIF vs. MBP, P = 0.239; MIF vs. BDNF, P = 0.211; BDNF vs. MBP, P = 0.899). The center line has a large displacement, CT annular cisterna compression, increased white blood cell count, MBP and BDNF were risk factors for prognosis in TBI patients (P = 0.005, P = 0.001, P = 0.005, P = 0.033, P = 0.044). Conclusion The serum levels of MIF, MBP, and BDNF in TBI patients were positively correlated with the severity of the disease, and MBP, BDNF levels had predictive value in determining patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentong Liu
- The Emergency Department, Qingdao Chengyang District People’s Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengwu Liu
- The Emergency Department, Qingdao Chengyang District People’s Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Kegao Ma
- The Emergency Department, Qingdao Chengyang District People’s Hospital, Qingdao, China
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Loewenthal J, Innes KE, Mitzner M, Mita C, Orkaby AR. Effect of Yoga on Frailty in Older Adults : A Systematic Review. Ann Intern Med 2023; 176:524-535. [PMID: 36913687 DOI: 10.7326/m22-2553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yoga, a multicomponent mind-body practice, improves several domains of physical and psychological health and may affect frailty in older adults. PURPOSE To evaluate the available trial evidence on the effect of yoga-based interventions on frailty in older adults. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central from their inception to 12 December 2022. STUDY SELECTION Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of yoga-based interventions, including at least 1 session of physical postures, on a validated frailty scale or single-item markers of frailty in adults aged 65 years or older. DATA EXTRACTION Two authors independently screened articles and extracted data; 1 author assessed risk of bias with review from a second author. Disagreements were resolved through consensus and as-needed input from a third author. DATA SYNTHESIS Thirty-three studies (n = 2384 participants) were identified in varied populations, including community dwellers, nursing home residents, and those with chronic disease. Yoga styles were primarily based on Hatha yoga and most often included Iyengar or chair-based methods. Single-item frailty markers included measures of gait speed, handgrip strength, balance, lower-extremity strength and endurance, and multicomponent physical performance measures; no studies included a validated definition of frailty. When compared with education or inactive control, there was moderate-certainty evidence that yoga improved gait speed and lower-extremity strength and endurance, low-certainty evidence for balance and multicomponent physical function measures, and very low-certainty evidence for handgrip strength. LIMITATION Heterogeneity in study design and yoga style, small sample sizes, and reporting deficiencies leading to concerns for selection bias. CONCLUSION Yoga may affect frailty markers that are associated with clinically meaningful outcomes in older adult populations but may not offer benefit over active interventions (for example, exercise). PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE None. (PROSPERO: CRD42020130303).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Loewenthal
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (J.L.)
| | - Kim E Innes
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, West Virginia (K.E.I.)
| | - Margalit Mitzner
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York (M.M.)
| | - Carol Mita
- Countway Library, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (C.M.)
| | - Ariela R Orkaby
- Division of Aging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and New England Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts (A.R.O.)
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Kielė D, Solianik R. Four-Week Application of Kinesiotaping Improves Proprioception, Strength, and Balance in Individuals With Complete Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:213-219. [PMID: 35438677 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Kielė, D and Solianik, R. Four-week application of kinesiotaping improves proprioception, strength, and balance in individuals with complete anterior cruciate ligament rupture. J Strength Cond Res 37(1): 213-219, 2023-Kinesiotaping (KT) is common in musculoskeletal rehabilitation, but whether it is efficacious for surgically untreated anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures is unknown. Therefore, we evaluated whether a strategy of physiotherapy plus KT would be superior to a strategy of physiotherapy alone on subsequent proprioception and motor function. Men aged 28.1 ± 6.7 years with complete ACL ruptures were randomized to either a control (physiotherapy) or an experimental group (physiotherapy + KT) for a 4-week period. Changes in balance were assessed on the injured leg using a force platform. Knee angle reproduction, maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), and rate of force development (RFD) were measured using dynamometry, and pain was recorded using a visual analog scale. Decreases in knee pain and improvements in angle reproduction were observed in both groups ( p < 0.05), with a greater effect on angle reproduction in the experimental group ( p < 0.05). Both groups demonstrated increased isometric knee flexor MVC and RFD values ( p < 0.05), but an increase in RFD of the knee extensors was observed only in the experimental group ( p < 0.05). Furthermore, the MVC of concentric knee flexors at 60°·s -1 increased only in the experimental group ( p < 0.05), whereas concentric MVC at 180°·s -1 -resulting in greater hamstring-to-quadriceps ratios-increased in both groups ( p < 0.05). Balancing ability on the injured leg increased only in the experimental group ( p < 0.05). Thus, KT plus physiotherapy was beneficial in the treatment of proprioception, strength, and static balance in these individuals with an ACL rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dovilė Kielė
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania ; and.,Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rima Solianik
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania ; and.,Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Skurvydas A, Lisinskiene A, Majauskiene D, Valanciene D, Dadeliene R, Istomina N, Sarkauskiene A, Buciunas G. What Types of Exercise Are Best for Emotional Intelligence and Logical Thinking? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610076. [PMID: 36011715 PMCID: PMC9408604 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to determine whether EI and LT vs. intuitive thinking (CRT score) are related to participation in professional sports, independent exercise, and exercise at a gym/health center compared with no exercise. We selected 20 of the most popular types of exercise in Lithuania among respondents who exercise independently or at a gym/health center, and we ranked these types of exercise according to the participants' emotional intelligence and logical thinking. We studied 4545 women and 1824 men aged 18-74 years with a focus on whether emotional intelligence and logical thinking are related to type of exercise. Participation in any exercise was significantly related to emotional intelligence in men and women. Women in professional sports solved the lowest number of logic tasks. Women who exercise independently or at a gym/health center had better logical thinking than those who do not exercise. Among men, logical thinking was not associated with the type of exercise. We found the tendency for a negative correlation between EI and LT in the 20 most popular types of exercise. Emotional intelligence correlated positively with participation in MVPA. The highest emotional intelligence was in women who participate in dance or Pilates and in men who participate in martial arts, wrestling, boxing, or yoga. Logical thinking was the highest in men who participate in triathlon and in women who perform CrossFit. Men who practice martial arts or track and field and women who participate in cycling were in the top five for emotional intelligence and logical thinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albertas Skurvydas
- Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21/27 M.K. Čiurlionio St., 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ausra Lisinskiene
- Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Education, Studies, Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Daiva Majauskiene
- Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21/27 M.K. Čiurlionio St., 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-650-21236
| | - Dovile Valanciene
- Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ruta Dadeliene
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21/27 M.K. Čiurlionio St., 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Natalja Istomina
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21/27 M.K. Čiurlionio St., 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Asta Sarkauskiene
- Departments of Sports Recreation and Tourism, Klaipėda University, Herkaus Manto St. 84, 92294 Klaipėda, Lithuania
| | - Gediminas Buciunas
- Faculty of Law, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Str. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Skurvydas A, Lisinskiene A, Majauskiene D, Valanciene D, Dadeliene R, Fatkulina N, Sarkauskiene A. Do Physical Activity, BMI, and Wellbeing Affect Logical Thinking? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116631. [PMID: 35682215 PMCID: PMC9180028 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We studied 6368 people (4544 women and 1824 men; aged 18–74 years). The research goal was to determine whether the Cognitive Reflection Test score (logical thinking compared with intuitive thinking) depends—and in what way it depends—on the healthy lifestyle components and emotional health-related components as well as age (18–74 years) and gender. We established that analytical vs. intuitive thinking depended on components of a healthy lifestyle, physical activity, sleep, eating habits, smoking and alcohol consumption, specificity of sporting activity, body mass index, and emotional health-related components (stress, depression, impulsivity, subjective health, emotional intelligence), as well as age and gender. We found that logical thinking was not associated with sleep, moderate-to-vigorous PA, impulsivity, subjective health, and components of a healthy lifestyle. However, logical thinking decreases with age, gender (higher in men than in women), BMI (decreases in both genders over the second degree of obesity), depression (the more severe depression in women, the worse their logical thinking), sedentary behavior (people who sat for longer periods had more difficulty solving problems), and in professional sportswomen (logical thinking is worse in professional sportswomen than in sedentary women, amateur sportswomen, or women who use gyms). Finally, we determined inverse correlations between logical thinking, emotional intelligence, and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albertas Skurvydas
- Institute of Educational Research, Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Street 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.S.); (A.L.); (D.M.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Vilnius University, 21/27 M.K. Čiurlionio St., 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Ausra Lisinskiene
- Institute of Educational Research, Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Street 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.S.); (A.L.); (D.M.)
| | - Daiva Majauskiene
- Institute of Educational Research, Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Street 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.S.); (A.L.); (D.M.)
| | - Dovile Valanciene
- Institute of Educational Research, Education Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio Street 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.S.); (A.L.); (D.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ruta Dadeliene
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Vilnius University, 21/27 M.K. Čiurlionio St., 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Natalja Fatkulina
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21/27 M.K. Čiurlionio Street, 03101 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Asta Sarkauskiene
- Department of Sports, Recreation and Tourism, Klaipėda University, Herkaus Manto Street 84, 92294 Klaipėda, Lithuania;
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Wang YH, Zhou HH, Luo Q, Cui S. The effect of physical exercise on circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor in healthy subjects: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2544. [PMID: 35274832 PMCID: PMC9014996 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate how physical exercise (PE) would affect brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of healthy subjects. METHODS Seven databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus) were searched for RCTs assessing the effects of PE on serum and/or plasma BDNF until December 18, 2021. Meta-analysis was performed by random-effects method with standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis were conducted to investigate the potential source of heterogeneity. Trim and fill method, and leave-one-out cross-validation were conducted. RESULTS Eventually, 21 articles, involving 809 participants, were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, both acute (5 trials, SMD: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.36 to 2.04, p = .005) and long-term (17 trials, SMD: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.27 to 1.08, p = .001) PE had significant positive effects on BDNF levels. Via subgroup analysis, studies of long-term PE with larger sample sizes, female participants, participants older than 60 years, and aerobic exercise contributed to a more pronounced improvement on BDNF levels than that found when all studies were combined. CONCLUSION Both acute and long-term PE had significant positive effects on circulating BDNF in healthy subjects. This review suggests that acute exercise and long-term aerobic exercise are powerful forms of PE to enhance neurotrophic effect, especially for female subjects or subjects over 60 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hai Wang
- Physical Education College, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhou
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Pu'er Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pu'er, China
| | - Sidong Cui
- Physical Education College, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China
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11
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The Effects of Lifestyle Interventions on the Health-Promoting Behavior, Type D Personality, Cognitive Function and Body Composition of Low-Income Middle-Aged Korean Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115637. [PMID: 34070377 PMCID: PMC8197549 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Low-income middle-aged women (LMW) who are vulnerable have various physical and psychosocial problems. They need lifestyle interventions to actively cope with these risk factors. This study used a randomized control group pretest-posttest design. LMW aged from 40 to 60 years were recruited and randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 31) and a control group (n = 32). The lifestyle interventions for this study, which were implemented for eight weeks, included nutritional management, physical activity, stress management and cognitive function improvement based on King’s goal attainment theory. The measured outcomes were health-promoting behaviors, Type D personality, cognitive function and body composition. The experimental group scored significantly higher than the control group for health-promoting behaviors (effect size (ES) = 0.68~1.27, p < 0.001~0.014) and cognitive function (ES = 0.79~1.31, p < 0.001~0.005). The negative affectivity (ES = 0.70, p = 0.012) and the prevalence of a Type D personality (x2 = 4.39, p = 0.047) and the systolic blood pressure (ES = 0.65, p = 0.019) decreased significantly in the experimental group compared with the control group. Lifestyle interventions for LMW were effective in improving health-promoting behavior, Type D personality traits and cognitive function.
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Solianik R, Mickevičienė D, Žlibinaitė L, Čekanauskaitė A. Tai chi improves psychoemotional state, cognition, and motor learning in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Exp Gerontol 2021; 150:111363. [PMID: 33887380 PMCID: PMC8054611 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a 10-week tai chi intervention on psychoemotional state, cognition, and motor learning in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants aged 60–78 years were randomized to either a control group (n = 15) or a tai chi group (n = 15) for a 10-week period. The tai chi group received two, 8-form tai chi classes of 60 min duration per week. Changes in psychoemotional state, cognition, and the learning of fast and accurate reaching movements were assessed. In addition, the potential roles of the autonomic nervous system and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were investigated. Tai chi practice decreased (P < 0.05) perceived stress, whereas no change in autonomic nervous system activity was observed. Improvements in mental switching correlated with decreased depressive symptoms and increased BDNF levels (P < 0.05), whereas improvements in inhibitory control tended to correlate with BDNF levels (P = 0.08). Improvements in visuospatial processing tended to correlate with decreased depressive symptoms (P = 0.07) while improved visuospatial processing correlated with improved motor planning during learning tasks (P < 0.05). This study suggests that tai chi is an effective intervention that can be delivered under pandemic conditions to improve mental and physical function in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Solianik
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Dalia Mickevičienė
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania; Institute of Sports Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Laura Žlibinaitė
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Agnė Čekanauskaitė
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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13
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Hoy S, Östh J, Pascoe M, Kandola A, Hallgren M. Effects of yoga-based interventions on cognitive function in healthy older adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Med 2021; 58:102690. [PMID: 33618011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The world's elderly population is growing. Physical activity has positive effects on health and cognition, but is decreasing among the elderly. Interest in yoga-based exercises has increased in this population, especially as an intervention targeting balance, flexibility, strength, and well-being. Recent interest has arisen regarding yoga's potential benefits for cognition. OBJECTIVE To systematically review evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of yoga-based interventions on cognitive functioning in healthy adults aged ≥60. A secondary aim was to describe intervention characteristics and, where possible, the extent to which these influenced study outcomes. METHOD The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Searches were performed from inception to June 2020 using the following electronic databases: (1) PubMed (NLM); (2) Embase (Elsevier); (3) Cochrane Central (Wiley); (4) PsycINFO (EBSCOhost); and (5) Cinahl (EbscoHost). INCLUSION CRITERIA RCTs of yoga-based interventions assessing cognition in healthy adults ≥60 years. Risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool. RESULTS A total of 1466 records were initially identified; six studies (5 unique trials) were included in the review. Four of the six articles reported significant positive effects of yoga-based interventions on cognition, including gross memory functioning and executive functions. Intervention characteristics and assessment methods varied between studies, with a high overall risk of bias in all studies. CONCLUSION Yoga-based interventions are associated with improvements in cognition in healthy older adults. Adequately powered RCTs with robust study designs and long-term follow-ups are required. Future studies should explicitly report the intervention characteristics associated with changes in cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hoy
- The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences (GIH), Stockholm 114 33, Sweden.
| | - Josefine Östh
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Michaela Pascoe
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne VIC 3011, Australia
| | - Aaron Kandola
- Division of Psychiatry, University, College London, London W1T 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
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14
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Two Months of Using Global Recommendations for Physical Activity Had No Impact on Cognitive or Motor Functions in Overweight and Obese Middle-Aged Women. J Phys Act Health 2020; 18:52-60. [PMID: 33361470 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of globally recommended levels of physical activity on cognition and motor behavior is not completely understood. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess the effect of 300 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on cognitive and motor performance among overweight and obese working-age women. METHODS Overweight and obese participants aged 38-56 years were randomized to either a control or an experimental group performing aerobic exercise at 50% to 60% of the peak oxygen consumption for a 2-month period. Changes in aerobic fitness, cardiac autonomic function, brain-derived neurotropic factor levels, and cognitive and motor performance were assessed. RESULTS Although aerobic exercise reduced body weight (P < .05) and improved peak oxygen consumption (P < .05), the brain-derived neurotropic factor levels and cognitive and motor performance remained unchanged. Heart rate and blood pressure decreased (P < .05), whereas heart rate variability indices were not affected. No significant correlations between changes in heart rate variability indices and cognition were observed. CONCLUSIONS Two months of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise decreased sympathetic activity and improved cardiovascular fitness but had no impact on cognition or motor control among these middle-aged, overweight, and obese women.
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