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Sevilla A, Grichnik J. Therapeutic modulation of KIT ligand in melanocytic disorders with implications for mast cell diseases. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15091. [PMID: 38711220 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
KIT ligand and its associated receptor KIT serve as a master regulatory system for both melanocytes and mast cells controlling survival, migration, proliferation and activation. Blockade of this pathway results in cell depletion, while overactivation leads to mastocytosis or melanoma. Expression defects are associated with pigmentary and mast cell disorders. KIT ligand regulation is complex but efficient targeting of this system would be of significant benefit to those suffering from melanocytic or mast cell disorders. Herein, we review the known associations of this pathway with cutaneous diseases and the regulators of this system both in skin and in the more well-studied germ cell system. Exogenous agents modulating this pathway will also be presented. Ultimately, we will review potential therapeutic opportunities to help our patients with melanocytic and mast cell disease processes potentially including vitiligo, hair greying, melasma, urticaria, mastocytosis and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Sevilla
- Department of Dermatology, New York Medical College, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lakeland Regional Health, Lakeland, Florida, USA
| | - James Grichnik
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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2
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Zmorzynski S, Kimicka-Szajwaj A, Szajwaj A, Czerwik-Marcinkowska J, Wojcierowski J. Genetic Changes in Mastocytes and Their Significance in Mast Cell Tumor Prognosis and Treatment. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:137. [PMID: 38275618 PMCID: PMC10815783 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mast cell tumors are a large group of diseases occurring in dogs, cats, mice, as well as in humans. Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a disease involving the accumulation of mast cells in organs. KIT gene mutations are very often seen in abnormal mast cells. In SM, high KIT/CD117 expression is observed; however, there are usually no KIT gene mutations present. Mastocytoma (MCT)-a form of cutaneous neoplasm-is common in animals but quite rare in humans. KIT/CD117 receptor mutations were studied as the typical changes for human mastocytosis. In 80% of human cases, the KIT gene substitution p.D816H was present. In about 25% of MCTs, metastasis was observed. Changes in the gene expression of certain genes, such as overexpression of the DNAJ3A3 gene, promote metastasis. In contrast, the SNORD93 gene blocks the expression of metastasis genes. The panel of miR-21-5p, miR-379, and miR-885 has a good efficiency in discriminating healthy and MCT-affected dogs, as well as MCT-affected dogs with and without nodal metastasis. Further studies on the pathobiology of mast cells can lead to clinical improvements, such as better MCT diagnosis and treatment. Our paper reviews studies on the topic of mast cells, which have been carried out over the past few years.
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3
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Abstract
To a large extent, the clinical picture of pediatric mastocytosis depends on the age at which it is diagnosed. A neonate with diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis may frequently present in a severe state requiring treatment. Toddlers may require long-term anti-mediator therapy, and this may lead to concerns such as organizing preschool education due to the need for epinephrine injections. A teenager may have to face cutaneous disease persistence or a diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis. Further studies are needed to refine the available treatment options and prognosis for different age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Renke
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Skłodowskiej-Curie 3A, 80-210 Gdańsk.
| | - Ninela Irga-Jaworska
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Skłodowskiej-Curie 3A, 80-210 Gdańsk
| | - Magdalena Lange
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Skłodowskiej-Curie 3A, 80-210 Gdańsk
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4
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Larouche V, Paré MF, Grenier PO, Wieckowska A, Gagné E, Laframboise R, Jabado N, De Bie I. A Review of the Clinical Features and Management of Systemic Congenital Mastocytosis through the Presentation of An Unusual Prenatal-Onset Case. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:8992-9003. [PMID: 37887549 PMCID: PMC10605361 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastocytosis is a heterogeneous group of rare hematological disorders that can occur in infancy. We report a 16-year-old girl who presented with an aggressive form of systemic congenital mastocytosis, associated with a significant global developmental delay, deafness, and multiple anomalies. At 4 years of age, she developed a germinoma presenting as an invasive spinal mass. Extensive cytogenetic, metabolic, and molecular genetic studies that included whole-exome sequencing studies revealed a KIT alteration (NM_000222.3(KIT):c2447A > 7 pAsp816Val) and likely pathogenic variant in the DNA from peripheral blood and skin lesions. C-kit was also found to be overexpressed in the spinal tumor cells. We compared the features of this child to those of six previously reported pediatric patients with cutaneous mastocytosis, microcephaly, microtia, and/or hearing loss reported in OMIM as mastocytosis, conductive hearing loss, and microtia (MIM 248910), for which the etiology has not yet been determined. This report extends the currently recognized spectrum of KIT-related disorders and provides clues as to the potential etiology of a syndromic form of congenital mastocytosis. International efforts to understand the benefits of long-term targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors for this KIT-altered rare disease should continue to be evaluated in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Larouche
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V4G2, Canada
| | | | - Pierre-Olivier Grenier
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Anna Wieckowska
- Departement of Pediatric, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Eric Gagné
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Rachel Laframboise
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec-Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Nada Jabado
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Isabelle De Bie
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC G1V4G2, Canada
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Chia SL, Kapoor S, Carvalho C, Bajénoff M, Gentek R. Mast cell ontogeny: From fetal development to life-long health and disease. Immunol Rev 2023; 315:31-53. [PMID: 36752151 PMCID: PMC10952628 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are evolutionarily ancient innate immune cells with important roles in protective immunity against bacteria, parasites, and venomous animals. They can be found in most organs of the body, where they also contribute to normal tissue functioning, for example by engaging in crosstalk with nerves. Despite this, they are most widely known for their detrimental roles in allergy, anaphylaxis, and atopic disease. Just like macrophages, mast cells were conventionally thought to originate from the bone marrow. However, they are already present in fetal tissues before the onset of bone marrow hematopoiesis, questioning this dogma. In recent years, our view of myeloid cell ontogeny has been revised. We now know that the first mast cells originate from progenitors made in the extra-embryonic yolk sac, and later get supplemented with mast cells produced from subsequent waves of hematopoiesis. In most connective tissues, sizeable populations of fetal-derived mast cells persist into adulthood, where they self-maintain largely independently from the bone marrow. These developmental origins are highly reminiscent of macrophages, which are known to have critical functions in development. Mast cells too may thus support healthy development. Their fetal origins and longevity also make mast cells susceptible to genetic and environmental perturbations, which may render them pathological. Here, we review our current understanding of mast cell biology from a developmental perspective. We first summarize how mast cell populations are established from distinct hematopoietic progenitor waves, and how they are subsequently maintained throughout life. We then discuss what functions mast cells may normally have at early life stages, and how they may be co-opted to cause, worsen, or increase susceptibility to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Li Chia
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive HealthThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Simran Kapoor
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive HealthThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Cyril Carvalho
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive HealthThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Marc Bajénoff
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille‐Luminy (CIML)MarseilleFrance
| | - Rebecca Gentek
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive HealthThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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PATHOGENIC AND DIAGNOSTIC RELEVANCE OF KIT IN PRIMARY MAST CELL ACTIVATION DISORDERS. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021; 127:427-434. [PMID: 34298172 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mast cell (MC) activation (MCA) defines the mechanism by which certain patients suffer from symptoms due to the effect of a wide range of mediators released from MC upon their activation triggered by different stimuli. When these symptoms are severe and recurrent, the diagnosis of MCA syndrome (MCAS) might be considered. Here we review the relevant aspects related to the pathogenesis of MCAS, with special emphasis on the prevalence and diagnostic relevance of KIT mutations. DATA SOURCES PubMed was searched between 1980 and 2021 using the following terms: Mast cell activation syndromes, mast cell activation, anaphylaxis, KIT mutations, KIT D816V, indolent systemic mastocytosis, bone marrow mastocytosis, cutaneous mastocytosis, IgE anaphylaxis and idiopathic anaphylaxis. STUDY SELECTIONS Only articles published in English were selected based on their relevance to MCAS and/or severe and recurrent anaphylaxis. RESULTS MCAS can be classified in clonal MCAS and non-clonal MCAS depending on the presence vs. absence of an underlying KIT mutation (mostly KIT D816V), respectively. In contrast to clonal MCAS in which MCA is associated with a primary MC disorder (i.e. primary MCAS) such as mastocytosis or monoclonal MCAS, non-clonal MCAS can be secondary to known or unidentified triggers (i.e. secondary and idiopathic MCAS, respectively). CONCLUSION The clinical heterogeneity and complexity of the molecular assays needed for the study of MCAS patients might lead to misdiagnosis, particularly when patients are evaluated at non-specialized centers. Thus, referral of patients suffering from clinical manifestations suggestive of MCAS to Reference Centers on mastocytosis and MC diseases is strongly recommended.
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Lange M, Hartmann K, Carter MC, Siebenhaar F, Alvarez-Twose I, Torrado I, Brockow K, Renke J, Irga-Jaworska N, Plata-Nazar K, Ługowska-Umer H, Czarny J, Belloni Fortina A, Caroppo F, Nowicki RJ, Nedoszytko B, Niedoszytko M, Valent P. Molecular Background, Clinical Features and Management of Pediatric Mastocytosis: Status 2021. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2586. [PMID: 33806685 PMCID: PMC7961542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric mastocytosis is a heterogeneous disease characterized by accumulation of mast cells in the skin and less frequently in other organs. Somatic or germline mutations in the KIT proto-oncogene are detected in most patients. Cutaneous mastocytosis is the most common form of the disease in children. In the majority of cases, skin lesions regress spontaneously around puberty. However, in few patients, mastocytosis is not a self-limiting disease, but persists into adulthood and can show signs of systemic involvement, especially when skin lesions are small-sized and monomorphic. Children with mastocytosis often suffer from mast cell mediator-related symptoms. Severe hypersensitivity reactions can also occur, mostly in patients with extensive skin lesions and blistering. In a substantial number of these cases, the triggering factor of anaphylaxis remains unidentified. Management of pediatric mastocytosis is mainly based on strict avoidance of triggers, treatment with H1 and H2 histamine receptor blockers, and equipment of patients and their families with epinephrine auto-injectors for use in severe anaphylactic reactions. Advanced systemic mastocytosis occurs occasionally. All children with mastocytosis require follow-up examinations. A bone marrow investigation is performed when advanced systemic mastocytosis is suspected and has an impact on therapy or when cutaneous disease persists into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Lange
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (H.Ł.-U.); (J.C.); (R.J.N.); (B.N.)
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Division of Allergy, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland;
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Melody C. Carter
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Frank Siebenhaar
- Dermatological Allergology, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Ivan Alvarez-Twose
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla-La Mancha (CLMast)—Spanish Reference Center for Mastocytosis, Hospital Virgen del Valle—Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (I.A.-T.); (I.T.)
| | - Inés Torrado
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla-La Mancha (CLMast)—Spanish Reference Center for Mastocytosis, Hospital Virgen del Valle—Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (I.A.-T.); (I.T.)
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany;
| | - Joanna Renke
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (J.R.); (N.I.-J.)
| | - Ninela Irga-Jaworska
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (J.R.); (N.I.-J.)
| | - Katarzyna Plata-Nazar
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Allergology and Nutrition, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Hanna Ługowska-Umer
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (H.Ł.-U.); (J.C.); (R.J.N.); (B.N.)
| | - Justyna Czarny
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (H.Ł.-U.); (J.C.); (R.J.N.); (B.N.)
| | - Anna Belloni Fortina
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (A.B.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesca Caroppo
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy; (A.B.F.); (F.C.)
| | - Roman J. Nowicki
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (H.Ł.-U.); (J.C.); (R.J.N.); (B.N.)
| | - Bogusław Nedoszytko
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland; (H.Ł.-U.); (J.C.); (R.J.N.); (B.N.)
| | - Marek Niedoszytko
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Peter Valent
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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8
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Mass E, Gentek R. Fetal-Derived Immune Cells at the Roots of Lifelong Pathophysiology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:648313. [PMID: 33708774 PMCID: PMC7940384 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.648313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident innate immune cells exert a wide range of functions in both adult homeostasis and pathology. Our understanding of when and how these cellular networks are established has dramatically changed with the recognition that many lineages originate at least in part from fetal sources and self-maintain independently from hematopoietic stem cells. Indeed, fetal-derived immune cells are found in most organs and serous cavities of our body, where they reside throughout the entire lifespan. At the same time, there is a growing appreciation that pathologies manifesting in adulthood may be caused by adverse early life events, a concept known as “developmental origins of health and disease” (DOHaD). Yet, whether fetal-derived immune cells are mechanistically involved in DOHaD remains elusive. In this review, we summarize our knowledge of fetal hematopoiesis and its contribution to adult immune compartments, which results in a “layered immune system.” Based on their ontogeny, we argue that fetal-derived immune cells are prime transmitters of long-term consequences of prenatal adversities. In addition to increasing disease susceptibility, these may also directly cause inflammatory, degenerative, and metabolic disorders. We explore this notion for cells generated from erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMP) produced in the extra-embryonic yolk sac. Focusing on macrophages and mast cells, we present emerging evidence implicating them in lifelong disease by either somatic mutations or developmental programming events resulting from maternal and early environmental perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Mass
- Developmental Biology of the Immune System, Life & Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rebecca Gentek
- Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Galatà G, García-Montero AC, Kristensen T, Dawoud AAZ, Muñoz-González JI, Meggendorfer M, Guglielmelli P, Hoade Y, Alvarez-Twose I, Gieger C, Strauch K, Ferrucci L, Tanaka T, Bandinelli S, Schnurr TM, Haferlach T, Broesby-Olsen S, Vestergaard H, Møller MB, Bindslev-Jensen C, Vannucchi AM, Orfao A, Radia D, Reiter A, Chase AJ, Cross NCP, Tapper WJ. Genome-wide association study identifies novel susceptibility loci for KIT D816V positive mastocytosis. Am J Hum Genet 2021; 108:284-294. [PMID: 33421400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastocytosis is a rare myeloid neoplasm characterized by uncontrolled expansion of mast cells, driven in >80% of affected individuals by acquisition of the KIT D816V mutation. To explore the hypothesis that inherited variation predisposes to mastocytosis, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association study, analyzing 1,035 individuals with KIT D816V positive disease and 17,960 healthy control individuals from five European populations. After quality control, we tested 592,007 SNPs at stage 1 and 75 SNPs at stage 2 for association by using logistic regression and performed a fixed effects meta-analysis to combine evidence across the two stages. From the meta-analysis, we identified three intergenic SNPs associated with mastocytosis that achieved genome-wide significance without heterogeneity between cohorts: rs4616402 (pmeta = 1.37 × 10-15, OR = 1.52), rs4662380 (pmeta = 2.11 × 10-12, OR = 1.46), and rs13077541 (pmeta = 2.10 × 10-9, OR = 1.33). Expression quantitative trait analyses demonstrated that rs4616402 is associated with the expression of CEBPA (peQTL = 2.3 × 10-14), a gene encoding a transcription factor known to play a critical role in myelopoiesis. The role of the other two SNPs is less clear: rs4662380 is associated with expression of the long non-coding RNA gene TEX41 (peQTL = 2.55 × 10-11), whereas rs13077541 is associated with the expression of TBL1XR1, which encodes transducin (β)-like 1 X-linked receptor 1 (peQTL = 5.70 × 10-8). In individuals with available data and non-advanced disease, rs4616402 was associated with age at presentation (p = 0.009; beta = 4.41; n = 422). Additional focused analysis identified suggestive associations between mastocytosis and genetic variation at TERT, TPSAB1/TPSB2, and IL13. These findings demonstrate that multiple germline variants predispose to KIT D816V positive mastocytosis and provide novel avenues for functional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Galatà
- School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Andrés C García-Montero
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Servicio de Citometría, Departamento de Medicina, CIBERONC, and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Thomas Kristensen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Mastocytosis Centre Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Ahmed A Z Dawoud
- School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Javier I Muñoz-González
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Servicio de Citometría, Departamento de Medicina, CIBERONC, and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | | | - Paola Guglielmelli
- Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Yvette Hoade
- School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ivan Alvarez-Twose
- Instituto de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha, Hospital Virgen del Valle, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 80539 Munich, Germany; Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal study section, Translation Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Longitudinal study section, Translation Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | - Theresia M Schnurr
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Sigurd Broesby-Olsen
- Mastocytosis Centre Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Hanne Vestergaard
- Mastocytosis Centre Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Department of Hematology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Michael Boe Møller
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Mastocytosis Centre Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Carsten Bindslev-Jensen
- Mastocytosis Centre Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, Odense University Hospital, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Alessandro M Vannucchi
- Centro di Ricerca e Innovazione per le Malattie Mieloproliferative, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Degli Studi di Firenze, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Servicio de Citometría, Departamento de Medicina, CIBERONC, and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Deepti Radia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Hospitals, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Andreas Reiter
- University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andrew J Chase
- School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury SP2 8BJ, UK
| | - Nicholas C P Cross
- School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury NHS Foundation Trust, Salisbury SP2 8BJ, UK.
| | - William J Tapper
- School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
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10
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Hamera L, Santos AM, Prince SPA, Chandrupatla S, Jordan J. Systemic Mastocytosis: A Rare Cause of Diarrhea. Cureus 2020; 12:e9112. [PMID: 32670731 PMCID: PMC7358960 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.9112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastocytosis is a spectrum of neoplastic, clonal cell disorders that are characterized by mast cell hyperplasia and accumulation. Disease and clinical presentation can vary depending on the extent of spread, ranging from skin-limited cutaneous mastocytosis to systemic mastocytosis that can mimic other disease processes. Symptoms may include pruritus, flushing, hypotension, headaches, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Although gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are present in a majority of patients with systemic disease, the actual percentage of gut mast cell infiltration remains unknown. Here we describe a case of diarrhea secondary to GI involvement of systemic mastocytosis. A 55-year-old woman with a known history of systemic mastocytosis and medical noncompliance complained of persistent chronic diarrhea for one year. She was evaluated for other causes of diarrhea but all additional testing was unrevealing. She ultimately underwent upper endoscopy and colonoscopy in which biopsy and histologic analysis confirmed the presence of mastocyte infiltration. She was restarted on her medical therapy and her symptoms resolved. In conclusion, systemic mastocytosis is an uncommon cause of chronic diarrhea. However, in select patients, it is important to obtain a thorough medical history and exclude other potential causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Hamera
- Internal Medicine, Citrus Memorial Hospital, Inverness, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jeffrey Jordan
- Internal Medicine, HCA-USF Consortium, Citrus Memorial Hospital, Inverness, USA
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11
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Co-occurrence of Cell Lines, Basal Media and Supplementation in the Biomedical Research Literature. JOURNAL OF DATA AND INFORMATION SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/jdis-2020-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
The use of in vitro cell culture and experimentation is a cornerstone of biomedical research, however, more attention has recently been given to the potential consequences of using such artificial basal medias and undefined supplements. As a first step towards better understanding and measuring the impact these systems have on experimental results, we use text mining to capture typical research practices and trends around cell culture.
Design/methodology/approach
To measure the scale of in vitro cell culture use, we have analyzed a corpus of 94,695 research articles that appear in biomedical research journals published in ScienceDirect from 2000–2018. Central to our investigation is the observation that studies using cell culture describe conditions using the typical sentence structure of cell line, basal media, and supplemented compounds. Here we tag our corpus with a curated list of basal medias and the Cellosaurus ontology using the Aho-Corasick algorithm. We also processed the corpus with Stanford CoreNLP to find nouns that follow the basal media, in an attempt to identify supplements used.
Findings
Interestingly, we find that researchers frequently use DMEM even if a cell line's vendor recommends less concentrated media. We see long-tailed distributions for the usage of media and cell lines, with DMEM and RPMI dominating the media, and HEK293, HEK293T, and HeLa dominating cell lines used.
Research limitations
Our analysis was restricted to documents in ScienceDirect, and our text mining method achieved high recall but low precision and mandated manual inspection of many tokens.
Practical implications
Our findings document current cell culture practices in the biomedical research community, which can be used as a resource for future experimental design.
Originality/value
No other work has taken a text mining approach to surveying cell culture practices in biomedical research.
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12
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Rossignol J, Polivka L, Maouche-Chrétien L, Frenzel L, Dubreuil P, Hermine O. Recent advances in the understanding and therapeutic management of mastocytosis. F1000Res 2019; 8:F1000 Faculty Rev-1961. [PMID: 31824655 PMCID: PMC6880274 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.19463.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastocytosis is a rare disease due to the abnormal accumulation of mast cells in various tissues. Its clinical presentation is heterogeneous depending on mast cell infiltration and mediators release. In some cases, it is associated with hematological malignancies. Prognosis varies from very good with a life expectancy similar to the general population in indolent forms of the disease to a survival time of just a few months in mast cell leukemia. Although in most cases a somatic KIT D816V mutation is found in tumor mast cells, the physiopathology of the disease is not yet fully understood. Additional germline and somatic mutations may explain this heterogeneity. Treatments aim at blocking effect of mast cell mediators, reducing mast cell activation and tumor burden. New drugs mainly directed against the tyrosine kinase activity of KIT have dramatically changed the quality of life and prognosis of mast cell diseases. Present and future therapeutic strategies are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Rossignol
- French Reference Center for Mastocytosis (CEREMAST), Necker Children's Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Laura Polivka
- Department of Hematology, Gustave Roussy Institute, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Laurent Frenzel
- Department of Dermatology, Necker Children's Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Department of Hematology, Necker Children's Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Inserm U1068, Marseille, France
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13
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c-KIT-Positive Fatal Diffuse Cutaneous Mastocytosis With Systemic Manifestations in a Neonate. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2019; 41:e338-e340. [PMID: 30067557 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis is a rare variant of mastocytosis in the neonatal period. We describe a case of c-KIT (DV) mutation-positive fatal diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis with systemic involvement of the gastrointestinal tract and associated malabsorption and hepatosplenomegaly associated with mast cell mediator release symptoms.
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14
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Abstract
Mast cell disorders comprise a heterogeneous group of rare diseases, the diagnosis of which still remains a challenge. Bone marrow analysis constitutes the most appropriate site for screening systemic involvement in mastocytosis. Morphologic, immunohistochemical, flow cytometric immunophenotyping, and molecular studies should be routinely performed for diagnostic/prognostic purposes in experienced reference centers during the diagnostic workup in suspected systemic mastocytosis. The authors review the most relevant characteristics of bone marrow expression of mast cell disorders as well as the different methodological approaches to be applied to perform an objective and reproducible diagnosis and classification of mastocytosis and other mast cell disorders.
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15
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Matito A, Azaña JM, Torrelo A, Alvarez-Twose I. Cutaneous Mastocytosis in Adults and Children: New Classification and Prognostic Factors. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2018; 38:351-363. [PMID: 30007456 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The skin is one of the most frequent tissues affected in patients with mastocytosis, but cutaneous lesions are highly heterogeneous in shape, size, color, number, localization, and distribution. The World Health Organization recognizes 3 subtypes of cutaneous mastocytosis (CM): maculopapular CM (MPCM), diffuse CM, and mastocytoma of skin. An international task force of experts in mastocytosis has recently proposed subdividing MPCM into monomorphic and polymorphic, which could predict the duration of the disease in children. More research is warranted to develop an improved classification of CM that ideally should incorporate robust factors with prognostic impact on disease behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Matito
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha (CLMast), Hospital Virgen del Valle, Ctra. Cobisa s/n, Toledo 45071, Spain
| | - José Manuel Azaña
- Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Hospital General Universitario de Albacete, C/Hermanos Falcó nº 37, Albacete 02006, Spain
| | - Antonio Torrelo
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Infantil Universitario del Niño Jesús, Av/Menéndez Pelayo, nº 65, Madrid 28009, Spain
| | - Iván Alvarez-Twose
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha (CLMast), Hospital Virgen del Valle, Ctra. Cobisa s/n, Toledo 45071, Spain.
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16
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Vaes M, Benghiat FS, Hermine O. Targeted Treatment Options in Mastocytosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017; 4:110. [PMID: 28775983 PMCID: PMC5517467 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastocytosis refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders resulting from the clonal proliferation of abnormal mast cells and their accumulation in the skin (cutaneous mastocytosis when only in the skin, CM) or in various organs (systemic mastocytosis, SM). This leads to a wide variety of clinical manifestations resulting from excessive mediator release in CM and benign forms of SM (indolent SM, ISM) and from tissue mast cell infiltration causing multiorgan dysfunction and failure in more aggressive subtypes (aggressive SM, ASM, or mast cell leukemia). In addition, SM may be associated with hematological neoplasms (AHN). While treatment of ISM primarily aims at symptom management with anti-mediator therapies, cytoreductive and targeted therapies are needed to control the expansion of neoplastic mast cells in advanced forms of SM, in order to improve overall survival. Mast cell accumulation results from a gain-of-function mutation (mostly the D816V mutation) within the KIT tyrosine kinase domain expressed by mast cells and additional genetic and epigenetic mutations may further determine the features of the disease (ASM and AHN). Consequently, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and targeted therapies directed against the oncogenic signaling machinery downstream of KIT are attractive therapeutic approaches. A better understanding of the relative contribution of these genetic and epigenetic events to the molecular pathogenesis of mastocytosis is of particular interest for the development of targeted therapies and therefore to better choose patient subgroups that would best benefit from a given therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Vaes
- Department of Hematology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Hopital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Hematology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CHU Tivoli, La Louvière, Belgium
| | | | - Olivier Hermine
- French Reference Center for Mastocytosis (CEREMAST), Department of Hematology, Necker Children's Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute for Genetic Diseases (INSERM U1163 CNRS ERL 8654), Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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17
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Ke H, Kazi JU, Zhao H, Sun J. Germline mutations of KIT in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and mastocytosis. Cell Biosci 2016; 6:55. [PMID: 27777718 PMCID: PMC5070372 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-016-0120-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic mutations of KIT are frequently found in mastocytosis and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), while germline mutations of KIT are rare, and only found in few cases of familial GIST and mastocytosis. Although ligand-independent activation is the common feature of KIT mutations, the phenotypes mediated by various germline KIT mutations are different. Germline KIT mutations affect different tissues such as interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), mast cells or melanocytes, and thereby lead to GIST, mastocytosis, or abnormal pigmentation. In this review, we summarize germline KIT mutations in familial mastocytosis and GIST and discuss the possible cellular context dependent transforming activity of KIT mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengning Ke
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 People's Republic of China ; Translational Cancer Lab, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Julhash U Kazi
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hui Zhao
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Sun
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, No. 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004 People's Republic of China ; Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund Stem Cell Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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18
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Ciach K, Niedoszytko M, Abacjew-Chmylko A, Pabin I, Adamski P, Leszczynska K, Preis K, Olszewska H, Wydra DG, Hansdorfer-Korzon R. Pregnancy and Delivery in Patients with Mastocytosis Treated at the Polish Center of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis (ECNM). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146924. [PMID: 26796887 PMCID: PMC4721669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present current guidelines regarding treatment of mastocytosis in pregnancy on the example of observed patients. DESIGN Case control national study. SETTING Polish Center of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis (ECNM). POPULATION OR SAMPLE 23 singleton spontaneous pregnancies in 17 women diagnosed with mastocytosis in years 1999-2014, before becoming pregnant. METHODS Prospective analysis outcomes of pregnancies and deliveries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Survey developed in cooperation with the Spanish Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla-La Mancha (CLMast), Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Red Espańola de Mastocitosis (REMA), Spain. RESULTS All 23 pregnancies resulted from natural conception. Obstetrical complications recorded in the first trimester included spontaneous miscarriage (5 pregnancies). Four patients delivered preterm, including one delivery due to preeclampsia at 26 weeks which resulted with neonate death due to extreme prematurity. Five women delivered via cesarean: four due to obstetrical indications and one due to mastocytosis, during which no anesthesia related complications were recorded. Of patients delivering vaginally, two received extradural anesthesia, three required oxytocin infusion due to uterine hypotonia. No labor complications were recorded. In one woman with pregnancy-induced hypertension, early puerperium was complicated by the presence of persistent arterial hypertension. One neonate was born with the signs of cutaneous mastocytosis. Another neonate was diagnosed with Patau syndrome. Four women were treated for mastocytosis prior to conception and continued therapy after becoming pregnant. One patient was put on medications in the first trimester due to worsening of her symptoms. Pregnancy exerted only a slight effect on the intensity and frequency of mastocytosis-related symptoms observed. Worsening of the disease-related symptoms was documented in only four patients (23%). None of the patients showed the signs of anaphylaxis, either before becoming pregnant, or during pregnancy and puerperium. CONCLUSIONS There is no contraindication to pregnancy when mastocystosis-related pathologies are under appropriate medical control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ciach
- Department of Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marek Niedoszytko
- Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Abacjew-Chmylko
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Izabela Pabin
- Department of Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | | | - Krzysztof Preis
- Department of Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Hanna Olszewska
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dariusz G. Wydra
- Department of Gynecology, Gynecological Oncology and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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19
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Arock M, Sotlar K, Akin C, Broesby-Olsen S, Hoermann G, Escribano L, Kristensen TK, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Hermine O, Dubreuil P, Sperr WR, Hartmann K, Gotlib J, Cross NCP, Haferlach T, Garcia-Montero A, Orfao A, Schwaab J, Triggiani M, Horny HP, Metcalfe DD, Reiter A, Valent P. KIT mutation analysis in mast cell neoplasms: recommendations of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis. Leukemia 2015; 29:1223-32. [PMID: 25650093 PMCID: PMC4522520 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although acquired mutations in KIT are commonly detected in various categories of mastocytosis, the methodologies applied to detect and quantify the mutant type and allele burden in various cells and tissues are poorly defined. We here propose a consensus on methodologies used to detect KIT mutations in patients with mastocytosis at diagnosis and during follow-up with sufficient precision and sensitivity in daily practice. In addition, we provide recommendations for sampling and storage of diagnostic material as well as a robust diagnostic algorithm. Using highly sensitive assays, KIT D816V can be detected in peripheral blood leukocytes from most patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM) that is a major step forward in screening and SM diagnosis. In addition, the KIT D816V allele burden can be followed quantitatively during the natural course or during therapy. Our recommendations should greatly facilitate diagnostic and follow-up investigations in SM in daily practice as well as in clinical trials. In addition, the new tools and algorithms proposed should lead to a more effective screen, early diagnosis of SM and help to avoid unnecessary referrals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Arock
- Molecular Oncology and Pharmacology, LBPA CNRS UMR8113, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Cachan, France
- Laboratory of Hematology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Karl Sotlar
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Cem Akin
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sigurd Broesby-Olsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis Escribano
- Servicio Central de Citometria, Centro de Investigacion del Cancer (IBMCC, CSIC/USAL), IBSAL and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Clinical Hematology Department, Faculty of Medicine and AP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Signaling, Hematopoiesis and Mechanism of Oncogenesis, Inserm U1068, CRCM, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, CRCM, Marseille; France
| | - Wolfgang R. Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jason Gotlib
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Nicholas CP Cross
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, England
| | | | - Andres Garcia-Montero
- Servicio Central de Citometria, Centro de Investigacion del Cancer (IBMCC, CSIC/USAL), IBSAL and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Servicio Central de Citometria, Centro de Investigacion del Cancer (IBMCC, CSIC/USAL), IBSAL and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juliana Schwaab
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Hematology and Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Massimo Triggiani
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Hans-Peter Horny
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Reiter
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Hematology and Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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20
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Pollard WL, Beachkofsky TM, Kobayashi TT. Novel R634W c-kit mutation identified in familial mastocytosis. Pediatr Dermatol 2015; 32:267-70. [PMID: 25243845 DOI: 10.1111/pde.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Familial mastocytosis is a well-documented but rare entity, with fewer than 100 cases reported in the literature. The etiology has most commonly been linked to activating c-kit mutations, with several mutations reported to date. We present a novel familial mastocytosis-associated c-kit mutation (R634W) in three siblings with urticaria pigmentosa. This mutation has been previously described in mucosal melanoma, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, and acute myeloid leukemia. Because this is a rare mutation, it is unclear whether screening for other disease states associated with the mutation would be of benefit.
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21
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Molderings GJ. The genetic basis of mast cell activation disease - looking through a glass darkly. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 93:75-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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22
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Lange M, yawrocki A, Nedoszytko B, Wasag B, Niedoszytko M, Jassem E, Nowicki R, ymijewski MA, Biernat W. Does the Aberrant Expression of CD2 and CD25 by Skin Mast Cells Truly Correlate with Systemic Involvement in Patients Presenting with Mastocytosis in the Skin? Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2014; 165:104-10. [DOI: 10.1159/000368799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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23
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de Melo Campos P, Machado-Neto JA, Scopim-Ribeiro R, Visconte V, Tabarroki A, Duarte AS, Barra FF, Vassalo J, Rogers HJ, Lorand-Metze I, Tiu RV, Costa FF, Olalla Saad ST, Traina F. Familial systemic mastocytosis with germline KIT K509I mutation is sensitive to treatment with imatinib, dasatinib and PKC412. Leuk Res 2014; 38:1245-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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24
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Bibi S, Langenfeld F, Jeanningros S, Brenet F, Soucie E, Hermine O, Damaj G, Dubreuil P, Arock M. Molecular Defects in Mastocytosis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2014; 34:239-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Chan EC, Bai Y, Kirshenbaum AS, Fischer ER, Simakova O, Bandara G, Scott LM, Wisch LB, Cantave D, Carter MC, Lewis JC, Noel P, Maric I, Gilfillan AM, Metcalfe DD, Wilson TM. Mastocytosis associated with a rare germline KIT K509I mutation displays a well-differentiated mast cell phenotype. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 134:178-87. [PMID: 24582309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.12.1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mastocytosis associated with germline KIT activating mutations is exceedingly rare. We report the unique clinicopathologic features of a patient with systemic mastocytosis caused by a de novo germline KIT K509I mutation. OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate the effect of the germline KIT K509I mutation on human mast cell development and function. METHODS Primary human mast cells derived from CD34(+) peripheral blood progenitors were examined for growth, development, survival, and IgE-mediated activation. In addition, a mast cell transduction system that stably expressed the KIT K509I mutation was established. RESULTS KIT K509I biopsied mast cells were round, CD25(-), and well differentiated. KIT K509I progenitors cultured in stem cell factor (SCF) demonstrated a 10-fold expansion compared with progenitors from healthy subjects and developed into mature hypergranular mast cells with enhanced antigen-mediated degranulation. KIT K509I progenitors cultured in the absence of SCF survived but lacked expansion and developed into hypogranular mast cells. A KIT K509I mast cell transduction system revealed SCF-independent survival to be reliant on the preferential splicing of KIT at the adjacent exonic junction. CONCLUSION Germline KIT mutations associated with mastocytosis drive a well-differentiated mast cell phenotype distinct to that of somatic KIT D816V disease, the oncogenic potential of which might be influenced by SCF and selective KIT splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Ching Chan
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Yun Bai
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Arnold S Kirshenbaum
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Elizabeth R Fischer
- Research Technologies Section, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Mont
| | - Olga Simakova
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Geethani Bandara
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Linda M Scott
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Laura B Wisch
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Daly Cantave
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Melody C Carter
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - John C Lewis
- Division of Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Pierre Noel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz
| | - Irina Maric
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Alasdair M Gilfillan
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Dean D Metcalfe
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Todd M Wilson
- Mast Cell Biology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
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Sperr WR, Valent P. Diagnosis, progression patterns and prognostication in mastocytosis. Expert Rev Hematol 2014; 5:261-74. [DOI: 10.1586/ehm.12.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Verstovsek S. Advanced systemic mastocytosis: the impact of KIT mutations in diagnosis, treatment, and progression. Eur J Haematol 2013. [PMID: 23181448 PMCID: PMC3761194 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Apart from indolent systemic mastocytosis (SM), which is associated with a favorable prognosis, other subtypes of SM (SM with associated clonal hematologic non–mast cell lineage disease, aggressive SM, and mast cell leukemia – collectively referred to in this review as advanced SM) can be debilitating. The complexity of SM makes both the diagnosis and design of response criteria challenging for clinical studies. The tyrosine kinase KIT has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of SM and has been a focal point in the development of targeted therapy. Mutations within various domains of the KIT receptor that lead to constitutive activation have been identified in patients, and those involving the activation loop of the KIT receptor are the mutations most frequently detected in patients with mastocytosis. Aberrant activation of the KIT receptor results in increased production of mast cells in extracutaneous organs that may lead to organ failure or early death. This review discusses the diagnosis and management of patients with advanced SM, including the relevance of KIT in this disease, potential therapies targeting this kinase, and criteria for measuring responses to these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srdan Verstovsek
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Haenisch B, Nöthen MM, Molderings GJ. Systemic mast cell activation disease: the role of molecular genetic alterations in pathogenesis, heritability and diagnostics. Immunology 2012; 137:197-205. [PMID: 22957768 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03627.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite increasing understanding of its pathophysiology, the aetiology of systemic mast cell activation disease (MCAD) remains largely unknown. Research has shown that somatic mutations in kinases are necessary for the establishment of a clonal mast cell population, in particular mutations in the tyrosine kinase Kit and in enzymes and receptors with crucial involvement in the regulation of mast cell activity. However, other, as yet undetermined, abnormalities are necessary for the manifestation of clinical disease. The present article reviews molecular genetic research into the identification of disease-associated genes and their mutational alterations. The authors also present novel data on familial systemic MCAD and review the associated literature. Finally, the importance of understanding the molecular basis of inherited mutations in terms of diagnostics and therapy is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Haenisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Bonn, Germany
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Wöhrl S, Moritz KB, Bracher A, Fischer G, Stingl G, Loewe R. A c-kit mutation in exon 18 in familial mastocytosis. J Invest Dermatol 2012. [PMID: 23190889 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Wöhrl
- Floridsdorf Allergy Centre (FAZ), Vienna, Austria; Division of Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Katharina B Moritz
- Division of Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Bracher
- Skin and Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gottfried Fischer
- Department for Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Stingl
- Division of Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Loewe
- Skin and Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Dermatology, Division of General Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Adult-onset systemic mastocytosis in monozygotic twins with KIT D816V and JAK2 V617F mutations. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012; 130:806-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Pediatr 2012; 24:547-53. [PMID: 22790103 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e3283566807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Álvarez-Twose I, González P, Morgado JM, Jara-Acevedo M, Sánchez-Muñoz L, Matito A, Mollejo M, Orfao A, Escribano L. Complete Response After Imatinib Mesylate Therapy in a Patient With Well-Differentiated Systemic Mastocytosis. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:e126-9. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.38.9973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Iván Álvarez-Twose
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - José Mário Morgado
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - María Jara-Acevedo
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laura Sánchez-Muñoz
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Almudena Matito
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Orfao
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Escribano
- Instituto de Estudios de Mastocitosis de Castilla La Mancha, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
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Wasag B, Chmara M, Legius E. Molecular characterization of two novel KIT mutations in patients with piebaldism. J Dermatol Sci 2012; 66:78-9. [PMID: 22264755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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