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Quan J, Yang H, Qin F, He Y, Liu J, Zhao Y, Ma C, Cheng M. Discovery of novel tryptamine derivatives as GluN2B subunit-containing NMDA receptor antagonists via pharmacophore-merging strategy with orally available therapeutic effect of cerebral ischemia. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 253:115318. [PMID: 37037139 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of tryptamine derivatives has been designed and synthesized as novel GluN2B subunit-containing NMDA receptor (GluN2B-NMDAR) antagonists, which could simultaneously manifest the receptor-ligand interactions of representative GluN2B-NMDAR antagonists ifenprodil (1) and EVT-101 (3). In the present study, the neuroprotective potential of these compounds was explored through chemical synthesis and pharmacological characterization. Compound Z25 with significantly better neuroprotective activity than the positive control drug (percentage of protection: 55.8 ± 0.6% vs. 41.0 ± 2.7%) was considered to be an effective antagonist of the human GluN2B-NMDA receptor. Judging from in vitro pharmacological profiling, Z25 could downregulate NMDA-induced increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and Z25 could also upregulate NMDA-induced decreased intracellular p-ERK 1/2 expression, which suggested that Z25 is an antagonist of the GluN2B-NMDA receptor. Furthermore, the in vitro preliminary evaluation of the drug-like properties of compound Z25 showed remarkable plasma stability. Based on in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in C57 mice, compound Z25 exhibited a relatively short half-life and a low F value (3.12 ± 0.01%), while administration of Z25 substantially improved the cognitive performance of mice in a series of tests of cerebral ischemic injury. Overall, these results support the further development of compound Z25 as a potential lead compound to treat the cerebral ischemic injury by antagonizing GluN2B-NMDA receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jishun Quan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Huali Yang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyun Qin
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeli He
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Maosheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
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Song W, Yao Y, Zhang H, Hao X, Zhou L, Song Z, Wei T, Chi T, Liu P, Ji X, Zou L. Sigma-1 Receptor Activation Improves Oligodendrogenesis and Promotes White-Matter Integrity after Stroke in Mice with Diabetic Mellitus. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010390. [PMID: 36615583 PMCID: PMC9823930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for stroke and exacerbates white-matter damage in focal cerebral ischemia. Our previous study showed that the sigma-1 receptor agonist PRE084 ameliorates bilateral common-carotid-artery occlusion-induced brain damage in mice. However, whether this protective effect can extend to white matter remains unclear. In this study, C57BL/6 mice were treated with high-fat diets (HFDs) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection to mimic type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Focal cerebral ischemia in T2DM mice was established via injection of the vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) into the hippocampus. Three different treatment plans were used in this study. In one plan, 1 mg/kg of PRE084 (intraperitoneally) was administered for 7 d before ET-1 injection; the mice were sacrificed 24 h after ET-1 injection. In another plan, PRE084 treatment was initiated 24 h after ET-1 injection and lasted for 7 d. In the third plan, PRE084 treatment was initiated 24 h after ET-1 injection and lasted for 21 d. The Y-maze, novel object recognition, and passive avoidance tests were used to assess neurobehavioral outcomes. We found no cognitive dysfunction or white-matter damage 24 h after ET-1 injection. However, 7 and 21 d after ET-1 injection, the mice showed significant cognitive impairment and white-matter damage. Only PRE084 treatment for 21 d could improve this white-matter injury; increase axon and myelin density; decrease demyelination; and increase the expressions of myelin regulator 2'-3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNpase) and myelin oligodendrocyte protein (MOG) (which was expressed by mature oligodendrocytes), the number of nerve/glial-antigen 2 (NG2)-positive cells, and the expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRα), all of which were expressed by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in mice with diabetes and focal cerebral ischemia. These results indicate that maybe there was more severe white-matter damage in the focal cerebral ischemia of the diabetic mice than in the mice with normal blood glucose levels. Long-term sigma-1 receptor activation may promote oligodendrogenesis and white-matter functional recovery in patients with stroke and with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peng Liu
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (X.J.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +86-24-23986260 (P.L.)
| | - Xuefei Ji
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (X.J.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +86-24-23986260 (P.L.)
| | - Libo Zou
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (X.J.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +86-24-23986260 (P.L.)
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Zhong J, Lan C, Zhang C, Yang Y, Chen WX, Zhang KY, Zhao HL, Fang XY, Li HH, Tan L, Wang P, Ge HF, Hu R, Feng H. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan represses neural stem/progenitor cells migration via PTPσ/α-actinin4 signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:11008-11021. [PMID: 30688376 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) are a promising candidate for the cell-replacement therapy after central nervous system (CNS) injury. However, the short of sufficient NSPCs migration and integration into the lesions is an essential challenge for cell-based therapy after CNS injury due to the disturbance of local environmental homeostasis. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) is obviously accumulated at the lesions and destroyed local homeostasis after CNS injury. The previous study has demonstrated that the CSPG is a dominating ingredient inhibiting axonal regrowth of newly born neurons after CNS injury. NSPCs, a strain of special neural subtypes, hold the capacity of leading processes formation to regulate NSPCs migration, which has the same mechanism as axonal regrowth. Hence, it is worth investigating the effect of CSPG on NSPCs migration and its underlying mechanism. Here, different concentration of CSPG was used to evaluate its effect on NSPCs migration. The results showed that the CSPG suppressed NSPCs migration in a dose-dependent manner from 10 to 80 µg/mL with phase-contrast microscopy after 24 hours. Meanwhile, transwell assays were performed to certify the above results. Our data indicated that the 40 µg/mL CSPG obviously suppressed NSPCs migration via decreasing filopodia formation using immunofluorescence staining. Furthermore, data indicated that the 40 µg/mL CSPG upregulated protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor σ (PTPσ) expression and decreased α-actinin4 (ACTN4) expression through immunofluorescence, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot assays. While the inhibitory effect was attenuated using PTPσ-specific small interfering RNA. In addition, data demonstrated that the 40 µg/mL CSPG facilitated NSPCs differentiation into glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells and inhibited NSPCs directing into MAP2- and MBP-positive cells. Collectively, these data demonstrated that the CSPG suppressed NSPCs migration through PTPσ/ACTN4 signaling pathway. Meanwhile, CSPG facilitated NSPCs differentiation into astrocytes and inhibited NSPCs directing into neurons and oligodendrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Lan
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wei-Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Kai-Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Heng-Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan-Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Huan-Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hong-Fei Ge
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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High-mobility group box 1 facilitates migration of neural stem cells via receptor for advanced glycation end products signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 29540727 PMCID: PMC5852130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22672-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) facilitates neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation and differentiation into neuronal linage. However, the effect of HMGB1 on NSCs migration is still elusive. The present study is to investigate the corelation between HMGB1 and NSCs migration and the potential mechanism. The results indicated that 1 ng/ml HMGB1 promoted NSCs proliferation using CCK8 assays. Moreover, data showed that 1 ng/ml HMGB1 facilitated NSCs migration via filopodia formation using phase-contrast and transwell assays. Furthermore, 1 ng/ml HMGB1 upregulated the expression of RAGE, one of the HMGB1 receptor, using western blotting assays and immunofluorescence staining. In addition, 1 ng/ml HMGB1 increased the percentage of filopodia formation using phalloidin staining. Meanwhile, the enhanced migration effect could be abrogated by 50 nM FPS-ZM1, one of the RAGE antagonist, and RAGE-specific siRNA through immunofluorescence and phalloidin staining. Together, our data demonstrate that HMGB1/RAGE axis facilitates NSCs migration via promoting filopodia formation, which might serve as a candidate for central nervous system (CNS) injury treatment and/or a preconditioning method for NSCs implantation.
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Ge H, Yu A, Chen J, Yuan J, Yin Y, Duanmu W, Tan L, Yang Y, Lan C, Chen W, Feng H, Hu R. Poly-L-ornithine enhances migration of neural stem/progenitor cells via promoting α-Actinin 4 binding to actin filaments. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37681. [PMID: 27874083 PMCID: PMC5118728 DOI: 10.1038/srep37681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The recruitment of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) for brain restoration after injury is a promising regenerative therapeutic strategy. This strategy involves enhancing proliferation, migration and neuronal differentation of NSPCs. To date, the lack of biomaterials, which facilitate these processes to enhance neural regeneration, is an obstacle for the cell replacement therapies. Our previous study has shown that NSPCs grown on poly-L-ornithine (PO) could proliferate more vigorously and differentiate into more neurons than that on Poly-L-Lysine (PLL) and Fibronectin (FN). Here, we demonstrate that PO could promote migration of NSPCs in vitro, and the underlying mechanism is PO activates α-Actinins 4 (ACTN4), which is firstly certified to be expessed in NSPCs, to promote filopodia formation and therefore enhances NSPCs migration. Taken together, PO might serve as a better candidate for transplanted biomaterials in the regenerative therapeutic strategy, compared with PLL and FN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Anyong Yu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Guizhou 563003, China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jichao Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wangsheng Duanmu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Liang Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Chuan Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Weixiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Stankowska DL, Krishnamoorthy VR, Ellis DZ, Krishnamoorthy RR. Neuroprotective effects of curcumin on endothelin-1 mediated cell death in hippocampal neurons. Nutr Neurosci 2015; 20:273-283. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2015.1119377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota L. Stankowska
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, North Texas Eye Research Institute, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | | | - Dorette Z. Ellis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Raghu R. Krishnamoorthy
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, North Texas Eye Research Institute, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Poly-L-ornithine promotes preferred differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells via ERK signalling pathway. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15535. [PMID: 26503112 PMCID: PMC4622086 DOI: 10.1038/srep15535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) replacement therapies are the most attractive strategies to restore an injured brain. Key challenges of such therapies are enriching NSPCs and directing them differentiation into specific neural cell types. Here, three biomaterial substrates Poly-L-ornithine (PO), Poly-L-lysine (PLL) and fibronectin (FN) were investigated for their effects on proliferation and differentiation of rat NSPCs, and the underlying mechanisms were also explored. The results showed PO significantly increased NSPCs proliferation and induced preferred differentiation, compared with PLL and FN. Checking protein markers of several neural cell subtypes, it is showed PO significantly induced NSPCs expressing Doublecortin (DCX) and Olig2, one for neuroblasts and young neurons and the other for young oligodendrocytes. It is suggested the ERK signaling pathway was involving in this process because an ERK antagonist U0126 could inhibit PO’s effects mentioned above, as well as an ERK pathway agonist Ceramide C6 could enhance them. Given that both neurons and oligodendrocytes are the most vulnerable cells in many neurological diseases, PO-induced preferred differentiation into neurons and oligodendrocytes is a potential paradigm for NSPCs-based therapies.
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Roffé M, Lupinacci FC, Soares LC, Hajj GN, Martins VR. Two widely used RSK inhibitors, BI-D1870 and SL0101, alter mTORC1 signaling in a RSK-independent manner. Cell Signal 2015; 27:1630-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Karelina K, Liu Y, Alzate-Correa D, Wheaton KL, Hoyt KR, Arthur JSC, Obrietan K. Mitogen and stress-activated kinases 1/2 regulate ischemia-induced hippocampal progenitor cell proliferation and neurogenesis. Neuroscience 2014; 285:292-302. [PMID: 25451279 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Pathophysiological conditions such as cerebral ischemia trigger the production of new neurons from the neurogenic niche within the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus. The functional significance of ischemia-induced neurogenesis is believed to be the regeneration of lost cells, thus contributing to post-ischemia recovery. However, the cell signaling mechanisms by which this process is regulated are still under investigation. Here, we investigated the role of mitogen and stress-activated protein kinases (MSK1/2) in the regulation of progenitor cell proliferation and neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia. Using the endothelin-1 model of ischemia, wild-type (WT) and MSK1(-/-)/MSK2(-/-) (MSK dKO) mice were injected with BrdU and sacrificed 2 days, 4 weeks, or 6 weeks later for the analysis of progenitor cell proliferation, neurogenesis, and neuronal morphology, respectively. We report a decrease in SGZ progenitor cell proliferation in MSK dKO mice compared to WT mice. Moreover, MSK dKO mice exhibited reduced neurogenesis and a delayed maturation of ischemia-induced newborn neurons. Further, structural analysis of neuronal arborization revealed reduced branching complexity in MSK dKO compared to WT mice. Taken together, this dataset suggests that MSK1/2 plays a significant role in the regulation of ischemia-induced progenitor cell proliferation and neurogenesis. Ultimately, revealing the cell signaling mechanisms that promote neuronal recovery will lead to novel pharmacological approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Karelina
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - D Alzate-Correa
- Division of Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - K L Wheaton
- Division of Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - K R Hoyt
- Division of Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - J S C Arthur
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - K Obrietan
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Li Y, Wu D, Wu C, Qu Z, Zhao Y, Li W, Wang J, Li Z. Changes in neural stem cells in the subventricular zone in a rat model of communicating hydrocephalus. Neurosci Lett 2014; 578:153-8. [PMID: 24996196 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Communicating hydrocephalus is a common type of hydrocephalus. At present, the prevalent treatment is to perform a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, which, for reasons that are not clear, is sometimes ineffective. The subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles has been established as the primary site of adult neurogenesis. Following cerebral ischemia or brain injury, neural stem cells (NSCs) increase in the SVZ and can both differentiate into neurons and glial cells and respond to the injury. Neural stem cells, enabled by a complex repertoire of factors that precisely regulate the activation, proliferation, differentiation and integration of newborn cells, continuously generate new neurons. However, only a few systematic studies of the role of NSCs in hydrocephalus have been reported. In a rat model of communicating hydrocephalus, we recently showed that hydrocephalus caused the ventricular system to expand over time. We found that the number of NSCs in the SVZ peaked rapidly after hydrocephalus was established and decreased gradually over time until the cells disappeared. NSCs may be involved in the pathophysiology changes and repair process of hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Dongxue Wu
- Department of Radiologists, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chunming Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zhenyun Qu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yongshun Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhongmin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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