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Teli P, Kale V, Vaidya A. Beyond animal models: revolutionizing neurodegenerative disease modeling using 3D in vitro organoids, microfluidic chips, and bioprinting. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 394:75-91. [PMID: 37572163 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by uncontrolled loss of neuronal cells leading to a progressive deterioration of brain functions. The transition rate of numerous neuroprotective drugs against Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease, leading to FDA approval, is only 8-14% in the last two decades. Thus, in spite of encouraging preclinical results, these drugs have failed in human clinical trials, demonstrating that traditional cell cultures and animal models cannot accurately replicate human pathophysiology. Hence, in vitro three-dimensional (3D) models have been developed to bridge the gap between human and animal studies. Such technological advancements in 3D culture systems, such as human-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cells/organoids, organ-on-a-chip technique, and 3D bioprinting, have aided our understanding of the pathophysiology and underlying mechanisms of human NDs. Despite these recent advances, we still lack a 3D model that recapitulates all the key aspects of NDs, thus making it difficult to study the ND's etiology in-depth. Hence in this review, we propose developing a combinatorial approach that allows the integration of patient-derived iPSCs/organoids with 3D bioprinting and organ-on-a-chip technique as it would encompass the neuronal cells along with their niche. Such a 3D combinatorial approach would characterize pathological processes thoroughly, making them better suited for high-throughput drug screening and developing effective novel therapeutics targeting NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajakta Teli
- Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Pune, 412115, India
- Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis Center for Stem Cell Research, Pune, 412115, India
| | - Vaijayanti Kale
- Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Pune, 412115, India
- Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis Center for Stem Cell Research, Pune, 412115, India
| | - Anuradha Vaidya
- Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Pune, 412115, India.
- Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Symbiosis Center for Stem Cell Research, Pune, 412115, India.
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2
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Sun S, Zhang Q, Li M, Gao P, Huang K, Beejadhursing R, Jiang W, Lei T, Zhu M, Shu K. GDNF Promotes Survival and Therapeutic Efficacy of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720908512. [PMID: 32292068 PMCID: PMC7444207 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720908512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based regenerative therapy is regarded as a promising strategy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, MSC components may exhibit poor intracranial survivability, particularly in the later stages following cell transplantation, limiting their potential curative effect and also clinical applications. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which encompasses a variety of transforming growth factor beta super family members, has been reported to enhance motor function and exert neuroprotective effects. However, no previous studies have investigated the effects of GDNF on human primary adipose-derived MSCs (hAMSCs), despite its potential for enhancing stem cell survival and promoting therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of PD. In the present study, we proposed a novel approach for enhancing the proliferative capacity and improving the efficacy of hAMSC treatment. Pre-exposure of engineered hAMSCs to GDNF enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of these stem cells in vitro. In addition, in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned mice, a common PD model, intracranial injection of hAMSCs-GDNF was associated with greater performance on behavioral tests, larger graft volumes 5 weeks after transplantation, and higher levels of Nestin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and Tuj-1 differentiation than those treated with hAMSCs-Vector. Following transplantation of hAMSCs-GDNF into the striatum of lesioned models, we observed significant increases in tyrosine hydroxylase- and NeuN-positive staining. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of hAMSCs-GDNF for patients with PD, as well as an efficient method for promoting therapeutic efficacy of these delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujia Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain-Inspired Science, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.,* Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Quan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,* Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Man Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rajluxmee Beejadhursing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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3
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Coll L, Rodriguez SS, Goya RG, Morel GR. A regulatable adenovector system for GDNF and GFP delivery in the rat hippocampus. Neuropeptides 2020; 83:102072. [PMID: 32690313 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Spatial memory performance declines in both normal aging and Alzheimer's disease. This cognitive deficit is related to hippocampus dysfunction. Gene therapy using neurotrophic factors like Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) emerges as a promising approach to ameliorate age-related cognitive deficits. We constructed a two vector regulatable system (2VRS) which consists of a recombinant adenoviral vector (RAd) harboring a Tet-Off bidirectional promoter flanked by GDNF and Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) genes. A second adenovector, RAd-tTA, constitutively expresses the regulatory protein tTA. When cells are cotransduced by the 2VRS, tTA activates the bidirectional promoter and both transgenes are expressed. In the presence of the antibiotic doxycycline (DOX) transgene expression is silenced. We tested the 2VRS in CHO-K1 cells where we observed a dose-dependent GFP expression that was completely inhibited by DOX (1 mg/ml). The 2VRS injected in the hippocampal CA1 region transduced both neurons and astrocytes and was efficiently inhibited by DOX added to the drinking water. In order to assess GDNF biological activity we injected 2VRS and its Control (CTRL) vector in the hypothalamus and monitored body weight for one month. The results showed that GDNF retards weight recovery 6 days more than CTRL. In conclusion, our 2VRS demonstrated optimal GFP expression and showed a bioactive effect of transgenic GDNF in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Coll
- National University of Lujan (UNLu), Lujan, Argentina
| | - Silvia S Rodriguez
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (IMBICE), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo G Goya
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata (INIBIOLP)-Histology and Embryology B, School of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gustavo R Morel
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata (INIBIOLP)-Histology and Embryology B, School of Medical Sciences, National University of La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina..
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4
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Yun D, Jeon MT, Kim HJ, Moon GJ, Lee S, Ha CM, Shin M, Kim SR. Induction of GDNF and GFRα-1 Following AAV1-Rheb(S16H) Administration in the Hippocampus in vivo. Exp Neurobiol 2020; 29:164-175. [PMID: 32408406 PMCID: PMC7237268 DOI: 10.5607/en19075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of neurotrophic signaling pathways following the upregulation of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a member of the transforming growth factor-β family, has a potential neuroprotective effect in the adult brain. Herein, we report that hippocampal transduction of adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) with a constitutively active form of ras homolog enriched in brain [Rheb(S16H)], which can stimulate the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampal neurons, induces the increases in expression of GDNF and GDNF family receptor α-1 (GFRα-1), in neurons and astrocytes in the hippocampus of rat brain in vivo. Moreover, upregulation of GDNF and GFRα-1 contributes to neuroprotection against thrombin-induced neurotoxicity in the hippocampus. These results suggest that AAV1-Rheb(S16H) transduction of hippocampal neurons, resulting in neurotrophic interactions between neurons and astrocytes, may be useful for neuroprotection in the adult hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyoung Yun
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.,BK21 plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Min-Tae Jeon
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.,BK21 plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Kim
- Dementia Research Group and Neurodegenerative Disease Group, Daegu 41068, Korea
| | - Gyeong Joon Moon
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.,BK21 plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Shinrye Lee
- Dementia Research Group and Neurodegenerative Disease Group, Daegu 41068, Korea
| | - Chang Man Ha
- Research Division and Brain Research Core Facilities, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, Korea
| | - Minsang Shin
- Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Sang Ryong Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.,BK21 plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.,Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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5
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Bao XQ, Wang L, Yang HY, Hou LY, Wang QS, Zhang D. Induction of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor by the squamosamide derivative FLZ in astroglia has neuroprotective effects on dopaminergic neurons. Brain Res Bull 2019; 154:32-42. [PMID: 31669104 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has neurotrophic activity for the survival of dopaminergic neurons, which is under active investigation for Parkinson's disease (PD) therapy. FLZ is a potential new drug for PD treatment. However, it is unclear whether neurotrophic activity contributes to the neuroprotective effects of FLZ. Here we found that FLZ markedly improved the function of dopaminergic neurons in primary mesencephalic neuron/glia cultures. Further investigation demonstrated that astroglia were required for FLZ to function as a neurotrophic regulator, as FLZ failed to show neurotrophic effects in the absence of astroglia. We clarified that GDNF was responsible for the neurotrophic effects of FLZ since FLZ selectively stimulated GDNF production, which was confirmed by the finding that the neurotrophic effect of FLZ was attenuated by GDNF-neutralizing antibody. Mechanistic study demonstrated that GDNF induction by FLZ was CREB-dependent and that PI3K/Akt was the main pathway regulating CREB activity, which was confirmed by in vivo studies. We also validated that the induction of GDNF by FLZ contributed to PD treatment in vivo. In conclusion, the present data provided evidence that FLZ had robust neurotrophic effects on dopaminergic neurons through sustained induction of GDNF in astroglia by activating the PI3K/Akt/CREB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Qi Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Han-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Li-Yan Hou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qing-Shan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 W. Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing, 100050, China.
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6
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Ingusci S, Verlengia G, Soukupova M, Zucchini S, Simonato M. Gene Therapy Tools for Brain Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:724. [PMID: 31312139 PMCID: PMC6613496 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders affecting the central nervous system (CNS) are still incompletely understood. Many of these disorders lack a cure and are seeking more specific and effective treatments. In fact, in spite of advancements in knowledge of the CNS function, the treatment of neurological disorders with modern medical and surgical approaches remains difficult for many reasons, such as the complexity of the CNS, the limited regenerative capacity of the tissue, and the difficulty in conveying conventional drugs to the organ due to the blood-brain barrier. Gene therapy, allowing the delivery of genetic materials that encodes potential therapeutic molecules, represents an attractive option. Gene therapy can result in a stable or inducible expression of transgene(s), and can allow a nearly specific expression in target cells. In this review, we will discuss the most commonly used tools for the delivery of genetic material in the CNS, including viral and non-viral vectors; their main applications; their advantages and disadvantages. We will discuss mechanisms of genetic regulation through cell-specific and inducible promoters, which allow to express gene products only in specific cells and to control their transcriptional activation. In addition, we will describe the applications to CNS diseases of post-transcriptional regulation systems (RNA interference); of systems allowing spatial or temporal control of expression [optogenetics and Designer Receptors Exclusively Activated by Designer Drugs (DREADDs)]; and of gene editing technologies (CRISPR/Cas9, Zinc finger proteins). Particular attention will be reserved to viral vectors derived from herpes simplex type 1, a potential tool for the delivery and expression of multiple transgene cassettes simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Ingusci
- Department of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Verlengia
- Department of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Division of Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marie Soukupova
- Department of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Zucchini
- Department of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Technopole of Ferrara, LTTA Laboratory for Advanced Therapies, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Simonato
- Department of Medical Sciences and National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Division of Neuroscience, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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7
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The role of neurotrophic factors in manic-, anxious- and depressive-like behaviors induced by amphetamine sensitization: Implications to the animal model of bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:1106-1113. [PMID: 30699853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.10.370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) and substance use disorders share common symptoms, such as behavioral sensitization. Amphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization can serve as an animal model of BD. Neurotrophic factors have an important role in BD pathophysiology. This study evaluated the effects of amphetamine sensitization on behavior and neurotrophic factor levels in the brains of rats. METHODS Wistar rats received daily intraperitoneal (i.p) injections of dextroamphetamine (d-AMPH) 2 mg/kg or saline for 14 days. After seven days of withdrawal, the animals were challenged with d-AMPH (0.5 mg/kg, i.p) and locomotor behavior was assessed. In a second protocol, rats were similarly treated with d-AMPH (2 mg/kg, i.p) for 14 days. After withdrawal, without d-AMPH challenge, depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated through forced swimming test and elevated plus maze. Levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), neurotrophin 4/5 (NT-4/5) and glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) were evaluated in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. RESULTS D-AMPH for 14 days augmented locomotor sensitization to a lower dose of d-AMPH (0.5 mg/kg) after the withdrawal. d-AMPH withdrawal induced depressive- and anxious-like behaviors. BDNF, NGF, and GDNF levels were decreased, while NT-3 and NT-4 levels were increased in brains after d-AMPH sensitization. LIMITATIONS Although d-AMPH induces manic-like behavior, the mechanisms underlying these effects can also be related to phenotypes of drug abuse. CONCLUSIONS Together, vulnerability to mania-like behavior following d-AMPH challenge and extensive neurotrophic alterations, suggest amphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization is a good model of BD pathophysiology.
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8
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Merighi A. The histology, physiology, neurochemistry and circuitry of the substantia gelatinosa Rolandi (lamina II) in mammalian spinal cord. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 169:91-134. [PMID: 29981393 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The substantia gelatinosa Rolandi (SGR) was first described about two centuries ago. In the following decades an enormous amount of information has permitted us to understand - at least in part - its role in the initial processing of pain and itch. Here, I will first provide a comprehensive picture of the histology, physiology, and neurochemistry of the normal SGR. Then, I will analytically discuss the SGR circuits that have been directly demonstrated or deductively envisaged in the course of the intensive research on this area of the spinal cord, with particular emphasis on the pathways connecting the primary afferent fibers and the intrinsic neurons. The perspective existence of neurochemically-defined sets of primary afferent neurons giving rise to these circuits will be also discussed, with the proposition that a cross-talk between different subsets of peptidergic fibers may be the structural and functional substrate of additional gating mechanisms in SGR. Finally, I highlight the role played by slow acting high molecular weight modulators in these gating mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalberto Merighi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, I-10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy.
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9
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Hernandez-Baltazar D, Zavala-Flores L, Villanueva-Olivo A. The 6-hydroxydopamine model and parkinsonian pathophysiology: Novel findings in an older model. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2015.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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10
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Shishkina GT, Lanshakov DA, Bannova AV, Kalinina TS, Agarina NP, Dygalo NN. Doxycycline Used for Control of Transgene Expression has its Own Effects on Behaviors and Bcl-xL in the Rat Hippocampus. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 38:281-288. [PMID: 28861774 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Doxycycline (Dox)-inducible transgenic approach is used to examine the neural mechanisms of anxiety and depression; however, its own effects on related behaviors are not clear. To address this, in the present study, we tested the anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats treated with Dox in drinking water (2 mg/ml) in the elevated plus-maze (EPM; on day 5) and forced swim (FST; on day 8) tests, respectively. In addition, the levels of mRNAs and proteins of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL in the hippocampus (HIPP) and frontal cortex (FC) were also analyzed. Consumption of Dox for 4 days induced an anxiogenic-like phenotype that was manifested by the decreased percentages of open arm entries and time spent on the open arms of the EPM. After Dox for 7 days, animals demonstrated more active behavior in the FST than control rats as evidenced by the increase in climbing time. When assessed after the FST, expression of Bcl-xL was increased in the hippocampus of Dox-treated animals. Furthermore, hippocampal Bcl-xL content correlated positively with the duration of climbing in the test. This study is the first to find that Dox in treatment regime used to control transgene expression can affect anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats. Dox-induced increase in Bcl-xL expression in the hippocampus may be involved in the moderate activation of FST behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Shishkina
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090.
| | - D A Lanshakov
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - A V Bannova
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - T S Kalinina
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - N P Agarina
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
| | - N N Dygalo
- Functional Neurogenomics Laboratory, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090
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11
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Hao F, Yang C, Chen SS, Wang YY, Zhou W, Hao Q, Lu T, Hoffer B, Zhao LR, Duan WM, Xu QY. Long-term protective effects of AAV9-mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor gene transfer in parkinsonian rats. Exp Neurol 2017; 291:120-133. [PMID: 28131727 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Intrastriatal injection of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) protein has been shown to provide neuroprotective and neurorestorative effects in a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) - lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease. Here, we used an adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vector to deliver the human MANF (hMANF) gene into the rat striatum 10days after a 6-OHDA lesion to examine long-term effects of hMANF on nigral dopaminergic neurons and mechanisms underlying MANF neuroprotection. Intrastriatal injection of AAV9-hMANF vectors led to a robust and widespread expression of the hMANF gene in the injected striatum up to 24weeks. Increased levels of hMANF protein were also detected in the ipsilateral substantia nigra. The hMANF gene transfer promoted the survival of nigral dopaminergic neurons, regeneration of striatal dopaminergic fibers and an upregulation of striatal dopamine levels, resulting in a long-term improvement of rotational behavior up to 16weeks after viral injections. By using SH-SY5Y cells, we found that intra- and extracellular application of MANF protected cells against 6-OHDA-induced toxicity via inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum stress and activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Our results suggest that AAV9-mediated hMANF gene delivery into the striatum exerts long-term neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effects on the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in parkinsonian rats, and provide insights into mechanisms responsible for MANF neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hao
- Department of Anatomy, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Anatomy, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Sha-Sha Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yan-Yan Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Qiang Hao
- Department of Anatomy, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tao Lu
- Department of Anatomy, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Barry Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Li-Ru Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Wei-Ming Duan
- Department of Anatomy, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44122, USA.
| | - Qun-Yuan Xu
- Department of Anatomy, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Center of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing 100069, China; Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Beijing 100069, China.
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12
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Gowing G, Svendsen S, Svendsen CN. Ex vivo gene therapy for the treatment of neurological disorders. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2017; 230:99-132. [PMID: 28552237 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ex vivo gene therapy involves the genetic modification of cells outside of the body to produce therapeutic factors and their subsequent transplantation back into patients. Various cell types can be genetically engineered. However, with the explosion in stem cell technologies, neural stem/progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells are most often used. The synergy between the effect of the new cell and the additional engineered properties can often provide significant benefits to neurodegenerative changes in the brain. In this review, we cover both preclinical animal studies and clinical human trials that have used ex vivo gene therapy to treat neurological disorders with a focus on Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, ALS, and stroke. We highlight some of the major advances in this field including new autologous sources of pluripotent stem cells, safer ways to introduce therapeutic transgenes, and various methods of gene regulation. We also address some of the remaining hurdles including tunable gene regulation, in vivo cell tracking, and rigorous experimental design. Overall, given the current outcomes from researchers and clinical trials, along with exciting new developments in ex vivo gene and cell therapy, we anticipate that successful treatments for neurological diseases will arise in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Gowing
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Soshana Svendsen
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Clive N Svendsen
- Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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GPR30 Activation Contributes to the Puerarin-Mediated Neuroprotection in MPP+-Induced SH-SY5Y Cell Death. J Mol Neurosci 2016; 61:227-234. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-016-0856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Liu X, Xiang J, Zhang C. Establishment of a HEK293T cell line able to site-specifically integrate and stably express GDNF by rAAV-2 vector. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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15
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Zhu B, Caldwell M, Song B. Development of stem cell-based therapies for Parkinson's disease. Int J Neurosci 2016; 126:955-62. [DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2016.1148034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Intraventricular administration of endoneuraminidase-N facilitates ectopic migration of subventricular zone-derived neural progenitor cells into 6-OHDA lesioned striatum of mice. Exp Neurol 2015; 277:139-149. [PMID: 26724216 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Polysialic acid (PSA), a carbohydrate polymer associated with the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), plays an important role in the migration, differentiation and maturation of neuroblasts. Endoneuraminidase-N (Endo-N) can specifically cleave PSA from NCAM. The objective of the present study was to examine: the effect of Endo-N on characteristics of subventricular zone (SVZ)-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in vitro; whether intraventricular administration of Endo-N could increase ectopic migration of SVZ-derived NPCs into 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned striatum, and whether migrated NPCs could differentiate into neuronal and glial cells. In in vitro study, Endo-N was found to inhibit the migration of NPCs, and to enhance the differentiation of NPCs. In in vivo study, mice sequentially received injections of 6-OHDA into the right striatum, Endo-N into the right lateral ventricle, and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) intraperitoneally. The data showed that intraventricular injections of Endo-N disorganized the normal structure of the rostral migratory stream (RMS), and drastically increased the number of BrdU-immunoreactive (IR) cells in 6-OHDA-lesioned striatum. In addition, a number of BrdU-IR cells were double labeled for doublecortin (DCX), NeuN or glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The results suggest that interruption of neuroblast chain pathway with Endo-N facilitates ectopic migration of SVZ-derived NPCs into the lesioned striatum, and migrated NPCs can differentiate into neurons and astrocytes.
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Xu X, Song N, Wang R, Jiang H, Xie J. Preferential Heme Oxygenase-1 Activation in Striatal Astrocytes Antagonizes Dopaminergic Neuron Degeneration in MPTP-Intoxicated Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:5056-65. [PMID: 26385576 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) accompanied by increased oxidative damage. Astrocytes, which are the most abundant glial cell types in the brain, possess higher antioxidant potential partially due to preferentially activated nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 genes. Heme oxygenase isoform 1 (HO-1) is crucial for the response to oxidative stress via the catabolism of heme to carbon monoxide, bilirubin, and iron. In the present study, we aimed to investigate astroglial expression of HO-1 in the SNpc, especially in the striatum of a subacute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-intoxicated mouse model of PD, and to investigate the neuroprotective effects of intraventricularly administrated HO-1 activator cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPPIX). The results showed that HO-1 was faintly distributed in neurons but not astrocytes in the normal SNpc and striatum. MPTP triggered a robust HO-1 response in the astrocytes of the striatum after 1-day treatment, but the HO-1 levels declined dramatically at day 3 and were completely undetectable at day 5. Intraventricular administration of CoPPIX for 8 days could preferentially activate HO-1 in astrocytes in the striatum but not SNpc. The content of striatal dopamine and its derivatives was restored in the subacute MPTP models. CoPPIX also increased the number of dopaminergic neurons and the tyrosine hydroxylase levels in the SNpc. These results suggest that inadequate HO-1 in striatal astrocytes might contribute to the limited antioxidant defense and dopaminergic neuron degeneration in PD, and preferential HO-1 activation in striatal astrocytes might be neuroprotective. The study thus sheds light on the targeting of HO-1 in striatal astrocytes for PD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ning Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ranran Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Junxia Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders and State Key Disciplines: Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China. .,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Hernandez-Baltazar D, Zavala-Flores LM, Villanueva-Olivo A. The 6-hydroxydopamine model and parkinsonian pathophysiology: Novel findings in an older model. Neurologia 2015; 32:533-539. [PMID: 26304655 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is widely used to induce models of Parkinson's disease (PD). We now know that the model induced by 6-OHDA does not include all PD symptoms, although it does reproduce the main cellular processes involved in PD, such as oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and neuronal death by apoptosis. In this review we analyse the factors affecting the vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons as well as the close relationships between neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and apoptosis in the 6-OHDA model. Knowledge of the mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration and cell death in this model is the key to identifying potential therapeutic targets for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hernandez-Baltazar
- Cátedra CONACyT, Dirección Adjunta de Desarrollo Científico CONACyT, México, D. F., México; Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México.
| | - L M Zavala-Flores
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, IMSS, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - A Villanueva-Olivo
- Departamento de Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
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Stojkovska I, Wagner BM, Morrison BE. Parkinson's disease and enhanced inflammatory response. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1387-95. [PMID: 25769314 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215576313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the first and second most prevalent motor and neurodegenerative disease, respectively. The clinical symptoms of PD result from a loss of midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons. However, the molecular cause of DA neuron loss remains elusive. Mounting evidence implicates enhanced inflammatory response in the development and progression of PD pathology. This review examines current research connecting PD and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Stojkovska
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1515, USA
| | - Brandon M Wagner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1515, USA
| | - Brad E Morrison
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725-1515, USA
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20
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Lauzon MA, Daviau A, Marcos B, Faucheux N. Growth factor treatment to overcome Alzheimer's dysfunctional signaling. Cell Signal 2015; 27:1025-38. [PMID: 25744541 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The number of people suffering from Alzheimer's disease (AD) will increase as the world population ages, creating a huge socio-economic burden. The three pathophysiological hallmarks of AD are the cholinergic system dysfunction, the β-amyloid peptide deposition and the Tau protein hyperphosphorylation. Current treatments have only transient effects and each tends to concentrate on a single pathophysiological aspect of AD. This review first provides an overall view of AD in terms of its pathophysiological symptoms and signaling dysfunction. We then examine the therapeutic potential of growth factors (GFs) by showing how they can overcome the dysfunctional cell signaling that occurs in AD. Finally, we discuss new alternatives to GFs that help overcome the problem of brain uptake, such as small peptides, with evidence from some of our unpublished data on human neuronal cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Antoine Lauzon
- Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Alex Daviau
- Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Bernard Marcos
- Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Nathalie Faucheux
- Cell-Biomaterial Biohybrid Systems, Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boul. de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada.
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Rumpel R, Hohmann M, Klein A, Wesemann M, Baumgärtner W, Ratzka A, Grothe C. Transplantation of fetal ventral mesencephalic progenitor cells overexpressing high molecular weight fibroblast growth factor 2 isoforms in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats. Neuroscience 2015; 286:293-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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