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Walewska E, Makowczenko KG, Witek K, Laniecka E, Molcan T, Alvarez-Sanchez A, Kelsey G, Perez-Garcia V, Galvão AM. Fetal growth restriction and placental defects in obese mice are associated with impaired decidualisation: the role of increased leptin signalling modulators SOCS3 and PTPN2. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:329. [PMID: 39090270 PMCID: PMC11335253 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05336-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Decidualisation of the endometrium is a key event in early pregnancy, which enables embryo implantation. Importantly, the molecular processes impairing decidualisation in obese mothers are yet to be characterised. We hypothesise that impaired decidualisation in obese mice is mediated by the upregulation of leptin modulators, the suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) and the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2), together with the disruption of progesterone (P4)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) signalling. After feeding mice with chow diet (CD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks, we confirmed the downregulation of P4 and oestradiol (E2) steroid receptors in decidua from embryonic day (E) 6.5 and decreased proliferation of stromal cells from HFD. In vitro decidualised mouse endometrial stromal cells (MESCs) and E6.5 deciduas from the HFD showed decreased expression of decidualisation markers, followed by the upregulation of SOCS3 and PTPN2 and decreased phosphorylation of STAT3. In vivo and in vitro leptin treatment of mice and MESCs mimicked the results observed in the obese model. The downregulation of Socs3 and Ptpn2 after siRNA transfection of MESCs from HFD mice restored the expression level of decidualisation markers. Finally, DIO mice placentas from E18.5 showed decreased labyrinth development and vascularisation and fetal growth restricted embryos. The present study revealed major defects in decidualisation in obese mice, characterised by altered uterine response to E2 and P4 steroid signalling. Importantly, altered hormonal response was associated with increased expression of leptin signalling modulators SOCS3 and PTPN2. Elevated levels of SOCS3 and PTPN2 were shown to molecularly affect decidualisation in obese mice, potentially disrupting the STAT3-PR regulatory molecular hub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Walewska
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karol G Makowczenko
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Witek
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Analysis and Imaging, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Laniecka
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Molcan
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrea Alvarez-Sanchez
- Molecular Mechanisms of Placental Invasion, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gavin Kelsey
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
| | - Vicente Perez-Garcia
- Molecular Mechanisms of Placental Invasion, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain.
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - António M Galvão
- Department of Reproductive Immunology and Pathology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland.
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK.
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, 4 Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK.
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Feng D, Liu Y, Zuo F, Liu F, Liu Y, Wang Y, Chen L, Guo X, Tian J. LncRNA SOX21-AS1 Promotes Activation of BV2 Cells via Epigenetical Silencing of SOCS3 and Aggravates Parkinson's Disease. Gerontology 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39047719 DOI: 10.1159/000539784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND LncRNAs perform a crucial impact on microglia's activation in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, our purpose was to probe the function and involved mechanism of lncRNA SOX21-AS1 on microglial activation in PD. METHODS Mice were treated with MPTP, and BV2 cells were treated with LPS/ATP to build PD animal and cell models. Genes' expression was measured using RT-qPCR, immunoblotting, and IHC stain. ELISA was applied for testing inflammatory factors' levels. Cell viability and apoptosis were tested using kits. RIP and RNA pull-down assay were utilized for monitoring the bond of SOX21-AS1 to EZH2, and ChIP was applied for affirming the bond between EZH2 and SOCS3's promoter. RESULTS The expression of SOX21-AS1 and SOCS3 was abnormal in PD cell and animal models. Inhibition of SOX21-AS1 repressed LPS/ATP-induced activation in BV2 cells and nerve damage caused by activated BV2 cells, alleviating the pathological features of PD mice. Further studies found that SOX21-AS1 epigenetically inhibited SOCS3 by recruiting EZH2 to SOCS3 promoter. SOX21-AS1 overexpression partially offset the repressive impact of SOCS3 enhancement on BV2 cell activation and the protective effect on nerve cells. CONCLUSION SOX21-AS1 enhances LPS/ATP-induced activation of BV2 cells and nerve damage caused by activated BV2 cells though recruiting EZH2 to SOCS3's promoter, thereby alleviating PD progression. Our research supplies new potential target for curing PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- General Medicine Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yun Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- General Medicine Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Fangya Zuo
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- General Medicine Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Fenfen Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- General Medicine Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuqi Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- General Medicine Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- General Medicine Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Lanlan Chen
- General Medicine Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiuhong Guo
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- General Medicine Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinyong Tian
- General Medicine Department, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
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Panda SP, Kesharwani A, Datta S, Prasanth DSNBK, Panda SK, Guru A. JAK2/STAT3 as a new potential target to manage neurodegenerative diseases: An interactive review. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 970:176490. [PMID: 38492876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a collection of incapacitating disorders in which neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis are major pathological consequences due to oxidative stress. Neuroinflammation manifests in the impacted cerebral areas as a result of pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulating the Janus Kinase2 (JAK2)/Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription3 (STAT3) pathway via neuronal cells. The pro-inflammatory cytokines bind to their respective receptor in the neuronal cells and allow activation of JAK2. Activated JAK2 phosphorylates tyrosines on the intracellular domains of the receptor which recruit the STAT3 transcription factor. The neuroinflammation issues are exacerbated by the active JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in conjunction with additional transcription factors like nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Neuronal apoptosis is a natural process made worse by persistent neuroinflammation and immunological responses via caspase-3 activation. The dysregulation of micro-RNA (miR) expression has been observed in the consequences of neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. Neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis-associated gene amplification may be caused by dysregulated miR-mediated aberrant phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway components. Therefore, JAK2/STAT3 is an attractive therapeutic target for NDDs. Numerous synthetic and natural small molecules as JAK2/STAT3 inhibitors have therapeutic advances against a wide range of diseases, and many are now in human clinical studies. This review explored the interactive role of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling system with key pathological factors during the reinforcement of NDDs. Also, the clinical trial data provides reasoning evidence about the possible use of JAK2/STAT3 inhibitors to abate neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Prasad Panda
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Adarsh Kesharwani
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Samaresh Datta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Birbhum Pharmacy School, Sadaipur, Birbhum, West Bengal, India
| | - D S N B K Prasanth
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Polepally SEZ, TSIIC, Jadcherla, Mahbubnagar, Hyderabad, 509301, India
| | | | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Ageeva T, Rizvanov A, Mukhamedshina Y. NF-κB and JAK/STAT Signaling Pathways as Crucial Regulators of Neuroinflammation and Astrocyte Modulation in Spinal Cord Injury. Cells 2024; 13:581. [PMID: 38607020 PMCID: PMC11011519 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to significant functional impairments below the level of the injury, and astrocytes play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of SCI. Astrocytes undergo changes and form a glial scar after SCI, which has traditionally been viewed as a barrier to axonal regeneration and functional recovery. Astrocytes activate intracellular signaling pathways, including nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), in response to external stimuli. NF-κB and STAT3 are transcription factors that play a pivotal role in initiating gene expression related to astrogliosis. The JAK/STAT signaling pathway is essential for managing secondary damage and facilitating recovery processes post-SCI: inflammation, glial scar formation, and astrocyte survival. NF-κB activation in astrocytes leads to the production of pro-inflammatory factors by astrocytes. NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways are interconnected: NF-κB activation in astrocytes leads to the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6), which interacts with the IL-6 receptor and initiates STAT3 activation. By modulating astrocyte responses, these pathways offer promising avenues for enhancing recovery outcomes, illustrating the crucial need for further investigation into their mechanisms and therapeutic applications in SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Ageeva
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (A.R.)
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (A.R.)
- Division of Medical and Biological Sciences, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yana Mukhamedshina
- OpenLab Gene and Cell Technology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (A.R.)
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
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5
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Ma H, Wang C, Han L, Kong F, Liu Z, Zhang B, Chu W, Wang H, Wang L, Li Q, Peng W, Yang H, Han C, Lu X. Tofacitinib Promotes Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating Microglial Polarization via JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:4865-4882. [PMID: 37781508 PMCID: PMC10539697 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.84564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The JAK/STAT signaling pathway is the main inflammatory signal transduction pathway, whether JAK/STAT contributes the pathology of SCI and targeting the pathway will alleviate SCI needs to be addressed. Here, we explored the therapeutic effect of pan-JAK inhibitor tofacitinib (TOF) on secondary injury after SCI and explained the underlying mechanisms. Methods: SCI model in rat was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of TOF treatment in vivo. Histological and behavioral analyses were performed at different time points after SCI. In vitro, the effects of TOF on pro-inflammatory activation of primary microglia and BV2 cells were analyzed by western blot analysis, fluorescent staining, qPCR and flow cytometry. The neuroprotection of TOF was detected using a co-culture system with primary neurons and microglia. Results: TOF can effectively improve motor dysfunction caused by spinal cord injury in rats. TOF administration in the early stage of inflammation can effectively inhibit neuronal apoptosis and scar tissue formation, and promote the repair of axons and nerve fibers. Further studies have demonstrated that TOF suppresses inflammation caused by spinal cord injury by inhibiting the activation of microglia to pro-inflammatory phenotype in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, an interesting phenomenon is revealed in our results that TOF exhibits superior neuronal protection during inflammation in vitro. Conclusions: Our study showed that TOF could regulate microglial activation via JAK / STAT pathway and promote the recovery of motor function after SCI, which is of great significance for the immunotherapy of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdao Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Chenfeng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fanqi Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Zhixiao Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bangke Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wenxiang Chu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Qisheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Weilin Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Haisong Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Chaofeng Han
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuhua Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China
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Qu D, Hu D, Zhang J, Yang G, Guo J, Zhang D, Qi C, Fu H. Identification and Validation of Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Patients with Acute Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5411-5425. [PMID: 37316756 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03423-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis plays crucial roles in the pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). The purpose of this study was to identify differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DE-FRGs) in human acute SCI by bioinformatics analysis and validate the hub DE-FRGs in non-SCI and SCI patients. The GSE151371 dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus and difference analysis was performed. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GSE151371 overlapped with the ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) obtained from the Ferroptosis Database. A total of 41 DE-FRGs were detected in 38 SCI samples and 10 healthy samples in GSE151371. Then, enrichment analyses of these DE-FRGs were performed for functional annotation. The GO enrichment results showed that upregulated DE-FRGs were mainly associated with reactive oxygen species and redox reactions, and the KEGG enrichment analysis indicated involvement in some diseases and ferroptosis pathways. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network were performed to explore the correlations between genes and regulatory mechanisms. The relationship between DE-FRGs and differentially expressed mitochondria-related genes (DE-MRGs) was also analyzed. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the hub DE-FRGs in clinical blood samples from acute SCI patients and healthy controls. Consistent with the bioinformatics results, qRT-PCR of the clinical samples indicated similar expression levels of TLR4, STAT3, and HMOX1. This study identified DE-FRGs in blood samples from SCI patients, and the results could improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in SCI. These candidate genes and pathways could be therapeutic targets for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Medical Department of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Die Hu
- Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 5 Yan'er Island Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Medical Department of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Medical Department of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Medical Department of Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Dongfang Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Haitao Fu
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Mungenast L, Nieminen R, Gaiser C, Faia-Torres AB, Rühe J, Suter-Dick L. Electrospun decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds promote the regeneration of injured neurons. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2023; 11:100081. [PMID: 37427248 PMCID: PMC10329103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2023.100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic injury to the spinal cord (SCI) causes the transection of neurons, formation of a lesion cavity, and remodeling of the microenvironment by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and scar formation leading to a regeneration-prohibiting environment. Electrospun fiber scaffolds have been shown to simulate the ECM and increase neural alignment and neurite outgrowth contributing to a growth-permissive matrix. In this work, electrospun ECM-like fibers providing biochemical and topological cues are implemented into a scaffold to represent an oriented biomaterial suitable for the alignment and migration of neural cells in order to improve spinal cord regeneration. The successfully decellularized spinal cord ECM (dECM), with no visible cell nuclei and dsDNA content < 50 ng/mg tissue, showed preserved ECM components, such as glycosaminoglycans and collagens. Serving as the biomaterial for 3D printer-assisted electrospinning, highly aligned and randomly distributed dECM fiber scaffolds (< 1 µm fiber diameter) were fabricated. The scaffolds were cytocompatible and supported the viability of a human neural cell line (SH-SY5Y) for 14 days. Cells were selectively differentiated into neurons, as confirmed by immunolabeling of specific cell markers (ChAT, Tubulin ß), and followed the orientation given by the dECM scaffolds. After generating a lesion site on the cell-scaffold model, cell migration was observed and compared to reference poly-ε-caprolactone fiber scaffolds. The aligned dECM fiber scaffold promoted the fastest and most efficient lesion closure, indicating superior cell guiding capabilities of dECM-based scaffolds. The strategy of combining decellularized tissues with controlled deposition of fibers to optimize biochemical and topographical cues opens the way for clinically relevant central nervous system scaffolding solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Mungenast
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, Switzerland
| | - Ronya Nieminen
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, Switzerland
| | - Carine Gaiser
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, Switzerland
| | - Ana Bela Faia-Torres
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, Switzerland
| | - Jürgen Rühe
- Department of Microsystems Engineering, IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - Laura Suter-Dick
- Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences FHNW, Hofackerstrasse 30, Muttenz 4132, Switzerland
- SCAHT: Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology, Missionsstrasse 64, Basel 4055, Switzerland
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Dong H, Zhang C, Shi D, Xiao X, Chen X, Zeng Y, Li X, Xie R. Ferroptosis related genes participate in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury via HIF-1 signaling pathway. Brain Res Bull 2023; 192:192-202. [PMID: 36414158 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a crushing disease without a effective and specific therapeutic strategy. Therefore, it is crucial to uncover underlying mechanism in order to identify potential treatments for SCI. Current studies show ferroptosis might pay important role in SCI. METHODS In this study, we aimed to identify the key ferroptosis-related genes providing therapeutic targets for SCI. GSE45006, GSE19890 and GSE156999 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 61 ferroptosis-related DEGs were identified, followed by bioinformatics enrichment analyses and PPI network construction. Ten key ferroptosis-related genes were identified by Cytoscape (Cytohubba), most of which were enriched in the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Then we constructed a clip SCI rat model and qPCR was performed to assess the expressions of five genes enriched in HIF-1 signaling pathway (Stat3, Tlr4, Hmox1, Hif1a and Cybb). Finally, a ceRNA network, Stat3, Tlr4, Hmox1/miR127, miR383, miR485/rno-Mut_0003, rno-Pwwp2a_0002 was constructed and expression of mentioned molecules were validated by chip data. CONCLUSIONS Five hub genes from HIF-1 signaling pathway were identified and might play a central role in SCI, which indicated that ferroptosis was correlated with HIF-1 signaling pathway. These results can provide a new insight into molecular mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic targets for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoru Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery; National Center for Neurological Disorders; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Chi Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Donglei Shi
- Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery; National Center for Neurological Disorders; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery; National Center for Neurological Disorders; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Yuanxiao Zeng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Xiaomu Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Rong Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery; National Center for Neurological Disorders; Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Department of Neurosurgery, National Regional Medical Center; Huashan Hospital Fujian Campus, Fudan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350209, Fujian Province, China.
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9
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Zhang D, Yuan Y, Zhu J, Zhu D, Li C, Cui W, Wang L, Ma S, Duan S, Liu B. Insulin-like growth factor 1 promotes neurological functional recovery after spinal cord injury through inhibition of autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1265. [PMID: 34594402 PMCID: PMC8456500 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious trauma; however, the mechanisms underlying the role of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in autophagy following SCI remain to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of IGF-1 on SCI and to determine whether IGF-1 regulates autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were assigned to the H2O2, IGF-1 and control groups to investigate subsequent neuron injury in vitro. An MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell survival. In addition, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to SCI, SCI + IGF-1 and sham groups, and Basso-Beatlie-Bresnahan scores were assessed to determine rat neurological function. Western blotting was used to analyze the autophagy level and the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Cell survival was increased significantly in the IGF-1 group compared with the control group in vitro (P<0.05). Furthermore, neurological function was improved in the SCI + IGF-1 group compared with the control group in vivo (P<0.05). The western blotting results further demonstrated that LC3II/LC3I expression was increased in the IGF-1 group compared with the sham group in vivo and compared with the control group in vitro (both P<0.05). In the SCI + IGF-1 group, the expression levels of PI3K, phosphorylated (p)-Akt and p-mTOR were higher compared with those in the sham and SCI groups in vivo (P<0.05). Moreover, in the IGF-1 group, the expression levels of p-Akt and p-mTOR were higher compared with the control and the H2O2 groups in vitro (P<0.05). Collectively, the results of the present study suggested that IGF-1 promoted functional recovery in rats following SCI through neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism may involve activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, followed by inhibition of autophagy. However, further investigation into the association between IGF-1-regulated autophagy and the activation of different subtypes of PI3K is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, P.R. China
| | - Jichao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Song Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Baoge Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
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10
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Targeting Canonical and Non-Canonical STAT Signaling Pathways in Renal Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071610. [PMID: 34199002 PMCID: PMC8305338 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) plays an essential role in the inflammatory reaction and immune response of numerous renal diseases. STATs can transmit the signals of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors from the cell membrane to the nucleus. In the canonical STAT signaling pathways, upon binding with their cognate receptors, cytokines lead to a caspase of Janus kinases (JAKs) and STATs tyrosine phosphorylation and activation. Besides receptor-associated tyrosine kinases JAKs, receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activities, G-protein coupled receptors, and non-receptor tyrosine kinases can also activate STATs through tyrosine phosphorylation or, alternatively, other post-translational modifications. Activated STATs translocate into the nucleus and mediate the transcription of specific genes, thus mediating the progression of various renal diseases. Non-canonical STAT pathways consist of preassembled receptor complexes, preformed STAT dimers, unphosphorylated STATs (U-STATs), and non-canonical functions including mitochondria modulation, microtubule regulation and heterochromatin stabilization. Most studies targeting STAT signaling pathways have focused on canonical pathways, but research extending into non-canonical STAT pathways would provide novel strategies for treating renal diseases. In this review, we will introduce both canonical and non-canonical STAT pathways and their roles in a variety of renal diseases.
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11
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Li T, Zhao X, Duan J, Cui S, Zhu K, Wan Y, Liu S, Peng Z, Wang L. Targeted inhibition of STAT3 in neural stem cells promotes neuronal differentiation and functional recovery in rats with spinal cord injury. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:711. [PMID: 34007320 PMCID: PMC8120646 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STAT3 is expressed in neural stem cells (NSCs), where a number of studies have previously shown that STAT3 is involved in regulating NSC differentiation. However, the possible molecular mechanism and role of STAT3 in spinal cord injury (SCI) remain unclear. In the present study, the potential effect of STAT3 in NSCs was first investigated by using short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated STAT3 knockdown in rat NSCs in vitro. Immunofluorescence of β3-tubulin and glial fibrillary acidic protein staining and western blotting showed that knocking down STAT3 expression promoted NSC neuronal differentiation, where the activity of mTOR was upregulated. Subsequently, rats underwent laminectomy and complete spinal cord transection followed by transplantation of NSCs transfected with control-shRNA or STAT3-shRNA at the injured site in vivo. Spinal cord-evoked potentials and the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scores were used to examine functional recovery. In addition, axonal regeneration and tissue repair were assessed using retrograde tracing with FluoroGold, hematoxylin and eosin, Nissl and immunofluorescence staining of β3-tubulin, glial fibrillary acidic protein and microtubule-associated protein 2 following SCI. The results showed that transplantation with NSCs transfected with STAT3-RNA enhanced functional recovery following SCI and promoted tissue repair in rats, in addition to improving neuronal differentiation of the transplanted NSCs in the injury site. Taken together, in vitro and in vivo evidence that inhibiting STAT3 could promote NSC neuronal differentiation was demonstrated in the present study. Therefore, transplantation with NSCs with STAT3 expression knocked down appears to hold promising potential for enhancing the benefit of NSC-mediated regenerative cell therapy for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jing Duan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shangbin Cui
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyu Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhiming Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Air Force General Hospital, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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12
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Leptin stimulates synaptogenesis in hippocampal neurons via KLF4 and SOCS3 inhibition of STAT3 signaling. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 106:103500. [PMID: 32438059 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal development of neuronal connections in the hippocampus requires neurotrophic signals, including the cytokine leptin. During neonatal development, leptin induces formation and maturation of dendritic spines, the main sites of glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampal neurons. However, the molecular mechanisms for leptin-induced synaptogenesis are not entirely understood. In this study, we reveal two novel targets of leptin in developing hippocampal neurons and address their role in synaptogenesis. First target is Kruppel-Like Factor 4 (KLF4), which we identified using a genome-wide target analysis strategy. We show that leptin upregulates KLF4 in hippocampal neurons and that leptin signaling is important for KLF4 expression in vivo. Furthermore, KLF4 is required for leptin-induced synaptogenesis, as shKLF4 blocks and upregulation of KLF4 phenocopies it. We go on to show that KLF4 requires its signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) binding site and thus potentially blocks STAT3 activity to induce synaptogenesis. Second, we show that leptin increases the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), another well-known inhibitor of STAT3, in developing hippocampal neurons. SOCS3 is also required for leptin-induced synaptogenesis and sufficient to stimulate it alone. Finally, we show that constitutively active STAT3 blocks the effects of leptin on spine formation, while the targeted knockdown of STAT3 is sufficient to induce it. Overall, our data demonstrate that leptin increases the expression of both KLF4 and SOCS3, inhibiting the activity of STAT3 in the hippocampal neurons and resulting in the enhancement of glutamatergic synaptogenesis during neonatal development.
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13
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Cai M, Yang Q, Li G, Sun S, Chen Y, Tian L, Dong H. Activation of cannabinoid receptor 1 is involved in protection against mitochondrial dysfunction and cerebral ischaemic tolerance induced by isoflurane preconditioning. Br J Anaesth 2019; 119:1213-1223. [PMID: 29045576 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Isoflurane preconditioning (IPC) induces cerebral ischaemic tolerance, but the mechanism remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine changes in mitochondrial function in the brain after IPC, and whether the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) could be involved in the mechanism of mitochondrial protection mediated by IPC. Methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with isoflurane 2% for 1 h day -1 , for 5 days consecutively, and then subjected to 120 min right middle cerebral artery occlusion. Cannabinoid receptor 1 expression in the cellular and mitochondrial membrane was measured. The CB1R agonist HU-210 was administered alone, or the antagonists AM251 and SR141716A were given to the animals before each preconditioning. Neurological scores, infarct volume, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function were examined after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Results Expression of CB1R on cellular and mitochondrial membranes was increased 6 h after preconditioning. Both IPC and HU-210 administration before middle cerebral artery occlusion improved neurological outcomes and reduced infarct volume. Isoflurane preconditioning increased the expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-X L and reduced apoptosis in neurones. Isoflurane preconditioning and HU-210 also markedly preserved the activity of respiratory chain complexes, reduced mitochondrial radical generation, preserved mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibited mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonists abolished the improvement in mitochondrial function and the neuroprotective effects induced by IPC. Conclusions Our results indicate that IPC elicits brain ischaemic tolerance and mitochondrial protection by activating the CB1R, which provides a new mechanism for IPC-induced neuroprotection against cerebral ischaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cai
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine.,Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Q Yang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - G Li
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - S Sun
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - L Tian
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
| | - H Dong
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
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14
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Li Y, Chen Y, Li X, Wu J, Pan JY, Cai RX, Yang RY, Wang XD. RNA sequencing screening of differentially expressed genes after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1583-1593. [PMID: 31089057 PMCID: PMC6557110 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.255994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the search for a therapeutic schedule for spinal cord injury, it is necessary to understand key genes and their corresponding regulatory networks involved in the spinal cord injury process. However, ad hoc selection and analysis of one or two genes cannot fully reveal the complex molecular biological mechanisms of spinal cord injury. The emergence of second-generation sequencing technology (RNA sequencing) has provided a better method. In this study, RNA sequencing technology was used to analyze differentially expressed genes at different time points after spinal cord injury in rat models established by contusion of the eighth thoracic segment. The numbers of genes that changed significantly were 944, 1362 and 1421 at 1, 4 and 7 days after spinal cord injury respectively. After gene ontology analysis and temporal expression analysis of the differentially expressed genes, C5ar1, Socs3 and CCL6 genes were then selected and identified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot assay. The mRNA expression trends of C5ar1, Socs3 and CCL6 genes were consistent with the RNA sequencing results. Further verification and analysis of C5ar1 indicate that the level of protein expression of C5ar1 was consistent with its nucleic acid level after spinal cord injury. C5ar1 was mainly expressed in neurons and astrocytes. Finally, the gene Itgb2, which may be related to C5ar1, was found by Chilibot database and literature search. Immunofluorescence histochemical results showed that the expression of Itgb2 was highly consistent with that of C5ar1. Itgb2 was expressed in astrocytes. RNA sequencing technology can screen differentially expressed genes at different time points after spinal cord injury. Through analysis and verification, genes strongly associated with spinal cord injury can be screened. This can provide experimental data for further determining the molecular mechanism of spinal cord injury, and also provide possible targets for the treatment of spinal cord injury. This study was approved ethically by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Jiangsu Province, China (approval No. 2018-0306-001) on March 6, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou; Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jing-Ying Pan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ri-Xin Cai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ri-Yun Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nantong University; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
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15
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Rincon M, Pereira FV. A New Perspective: Mitochondrial Stat3 as a Regulator for Lymphocyte Function. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061656. [PMID: 29866996 PMCID: PMC6032237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stat3 as a transcription factor regulating gene expression in lymphocytes during the immune response is well known. However, since the pioneering studies discovering the presence of Stat3 in mitochondria and its role in regulating mitochondrial metabolism, only a few studies have investigated this non-conventional function of Stat3 in lymphocytes. From this perspective, we review what is known about Stat3 as a transcription factor and what is known and unknown about mitochondrial Stat3 (mitoStat3) in lymphocytes. We also provide a framework to consider how some of the functions previously assigned to Stat3 as regulator of gene transcription could be mediated by mitoStat3 in lymphocytes. The goal of this review is to stimulate interest for future studies investigating mitoStat3 in the immune response that could lead to the generation of alternative pharmacological inhibitors of mitoStat3 for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Rincon
- Department of Medicine, Immunobiology Division, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
| | - Felipe Valença Pereira
- Department of Medicine, Immunobiology Division, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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16
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Folic acid supplementation repressed hypoxia-induced inflammatory response via ROS and JAK2/STAT3 pathway in human promyelomonocytic cells. Nutr Res 2018; 53:40-50. [PMID: 29685624 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is associated with inflammation and various chronic diseases. Folic acid is known to ameliorate inflammatory reactions, but the metabolism of folic acid protecting against hypoxia-induced injury is still unclear. In our study, we examined the inflammatory signal transduction pathway in human promyelomonocytic cells (THP-1 cells) with or without treatment with folic acid under hypoxic culture conditions. Our results indicated that supplementation with folic acid significantly reduced the levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in hypoxic conditions. Treating THP-1 cells with folic acid suppressed oxidative stress and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in a dose-dependent manner. Folic acid targeted the activation of Janus kinase 2, downregulated the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and decreased the expression of nuclear factor-κB p65 protein in cells. However, the absence of folic acid did not make cells more vulnerable under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, folic acid efficiently inhibited the inflammatory response of THP-1 cells under hypoxic conditions by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production and the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway. Our study supports a basis for treatment with folic acid for chronic inflammation, which correlated with hypoxia.
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17
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Li HJ, Sun ZL, Yang XT, Zhu L, Feng DF. Exploring Optic Nerve Axon Regeneration. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 15:861-873. [PMID: 28029073 PMCID: PMC5652030 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666161227150250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Traumatic optic nerve injury is a leading cause of irreversible blindness across the world and causes progressive visual impairment attributed to the dysfunction and death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). To date, neither pharmacological nor surgical interventions are sufficient to halt or reverse the progress of visual loss. Axon regeneration is critical for functional recovery of vision following optic nerve injury. After optic nerve injury, RGC axons usually fail to regrow and die, leading to the death of the RGCs and subsequently inducing the functional loss of vision. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying axon regeneration after optic nerve injury remain poorly understood. Methods: Research content related to the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying axon regeneration after optic nerve injury have been reviewed. Results: The present review provides an overview of regarding potential strategies for axonal regeneration of RGCs and optic nerve repair, focusing on the role of cytokines and their downstream signaling pathways involved in intrinsic growth program and the inhibitory environment together with axon guidance cues for correct axon guidance. A more complete understanding of the factors limiting axonal regeneration will provide a rational basis, which contributes to develop improved treatments for optic nerve regeneration. These findings are encouraging and open the possibility that clinically meaningful regeneration may become achievable in the future. Conclusion: Combination of treatments towards overcoming growth-inhibitory molecules and enhancing intrinsic growth capacity combined with correct guidance using axon guidance cues is crucial for developing promising therapies to promote axon regeneration and functional recovery after ON injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Zhao-Liang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Xi-Tao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Dong-Fu Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, China
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18
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Purice MD, Ray A, Münzel EJ, Pope BJ, Park DJ, Speese SD, Logan MA. A novel Drosophila injury model reveals severed axons are cleared through a Draper/MMP-1 signaling cascade. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28825401 PMCID: PMC5565368 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural injury triggers swift responses from glia, including glial migration and phagocytic clearance of damaged neurons. The transcriptional programs governing these complex innate glial immune responses are still unclear. Here, we describe a novel injury assay in adult Drosophila that elicits widespread glial responses in the ventral nerve cord (VNC). We profiled injury-induced changes in VNC gene expression by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and found that responsive genes fall into diverse signaling classes. One factor, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), is induced in Drosophila ensheathing glia responding to severed axons. Interestingly, glial induction of MMP-1 requires the highly conserved engulfment receptor Draper, as well as AP-1 and STAT92E. In MMP-1 depleted flies, glia do not properly infiltrate neuropil regions after axotomy and, as a consequence, fail to clear degenerating axonal debris. This work identifies Draper-dependent activation of MMP-1 as a novel cascade required for proper glial clearance of severed axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Purice
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Arpita Ray
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Eva Jolanda Münzel
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Bernard J Pope
- Melbourne Informatics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Daniel J Park
- Melbourne Informatics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sean D Speese
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Mary A Logan
- Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States
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19
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Li T, Zhai X, Jiang J, Song X, Han W, Ma J, Xie L, Cheng L, Chen H, Jiang L. Intraperitoneal injection of IL-4/IFN-γ modulates the proportions of microglial phenotypes and improves epilepsy outcomes in a pilocarpine model of acquired epilepsy. Brain Res 2016; 1657:120-129. [PMID: 27956120 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have reported microglia that are activated in the central nervous system (CNS) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and animal models of epilepsy. However, limited data are available on the dynamic changes of the proportions of various phenotypes of microglia throughout epileptogenesis and whether IL-4/IFN-γ administration can modulate the proportions of microglial phenotypes to affect the outcome of epilepsy. The current study examined this issue using a mouse model of pilocarpine-induced epilepsy. Flow cytometry showed that classically activated microglia (M1) and alternatively activated microglia (M2) underwent variations throughout the stages of epileptogenesis. The altered trends in the microglia-associated cytokines IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-10 paralleled the changes in phenotype proportions. We found that intraperitoneal injections of IL-4 and IFN-γ, which have been reported to modulate the phenotypes of microglia in vitro, also affected the proportion of microglia in vivo. In addition, correctly timing the modulation of the proportion of microglia improved the outcomes of epilepsy based on the reduced frequency, duration, and severity of spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) and increased the performances of the mice in the Morris water maze. This study is the first to report altering the proportion of microglial phenotypes in pilocarpine-induced epileptogenesis. Intraperitoneal injection of IL-4/IFN-γ could be used to modulate the proportions of the types of microglia, and epilepsy outcomes could be improved by correctly timing this modulation of phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Li
- Lab of Pediatric Neurology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan Zhai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinqiu Jiang
- Research Center for Immunologic and Infectious diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojie Song
- Lab of Pediatric Neurology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Han
- Lab of Pediatric Neurology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiannan Ma
- Lab of Pediatric Neurology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 136# Zhongshan 2 Road, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Lingling Xie
- Lab of Pediatric Neurology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 136# Zhongshan 2 Road, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Lab of Pediatric Neurology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hengsheng Chen
- Lab of Pediatric Neurology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Lab of Pediatric Neurology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, Chongqing International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 136# Zhongshan 2 Road, Chongqing 400014, China.
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