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Zhang X, Fan L, Yang L, Jin X, Liu H, Lei H, Song X, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Song J. DAPK1 mediates cognitive dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis in PSD rats through the ERK/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway. Behav Brain Res 2024; 471:115064. [PMID: 38777261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is one of the most common mental sequelae after a stroke and can damage the brain. Although PSD has garnered increasing attention in recent years, the precise mechanism remains unclear. Studies have indicated that the expression of DAPK1 is elevated in various neurodegenerative conditions, including depression, ischemic stroke, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the specific molecular mechanism of DAPK1-mediated cognitive dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis in PSD rats is unclear. In this study, we established a rat model of PSD, and then assessed depression-like behaviors and cognitive dysfunction in rats using behavioral tests. In addition, we detected neuronal apoptosis and analyzed the expression of DAPK1 protein and proteins related to the ERK/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway. The findings revealed that MCAO combined with CUMS can induce more severe depression-like behaviors and cognitive dysfunction in rats, while overexpression of DAPK1 may hinder the downstream ERK/CREB/BDNF signaling pathways, resulting in neuronal loss and exacerbation of brain tissue damage. In this study, we will focus on DAPK1 and explore its role in PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry (Xinxiang Medical College), Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Lifei Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Lina Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Xuejiao Jin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry (Xinxiang Medical College), Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry (Xinxiang Medical College), Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Hao Lei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry (Xinxiang Medical College), Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Xiaojia Song
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry (Xinxiang Medical College), Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Fuping Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry (Xinxiang Medical College), Xinxiang 453000, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, Xinxiang 453000, China; Brain Institute, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451162, China.
| | - Jinggui Song
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China; Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry (Xinxiang Medical College), Xinxiang 453000, China; Brain Institute, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451162, China.
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Liu H, Zhang Y, Hou X, Zhu C, Yang Q, Li K, Fan L, Zhang X, Jiang X, Jin X, Lei H, Chen T, Zhang F, Zhang Z, Song J. CRHR1 antagonist alleviated depression-like behavior by downregulating p62 in a rat model of post-stroke depression. Exp Neurol 2024; 378:114822. [PMID: 38823676 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a complication of cerebrovascular disease, which can increase mortality after stroke. CRH is one of the main signaling peptides released after activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stress. It affects synaptic plasticity by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy in the central nervous system. And the loss of spines exacerbates depression-like behavior. Therefore, synaptic deficits induced by CRH may be related to post-stroke depression. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The Keap1-Nrf2 complex is one of the core components of the antioxidant response. As an autophagy associated protein, p62 participates in the Keap1-NrF2 pathway through its Keap1 interaction domain. Oxidative stress is involved in the feedback regulation between Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and p62.However, whether the relationship between CRH and the Keap1-Nrf2-p62 pathway is involved in PSD remains unknown. This study found that serum levels of CRH in 22 patients with PSD were higher than those in healthy subjects. We used MCAO combined with CUMS single-cage SD rats to establish an animal model of PSD. Animal experiments showed that CRHR1 antagonist prevented synaptic loss in the hippocampus of PSD rats and alleviated depression-like behavior. CRH induced p62 accumulation in the prefrontal cortex of PSD rats through CRHR1. CRHR1 antagonist inhibited Keap1-Nrf2-p62 pathway by attenuating oxidative stress. In addition, we found that abnormal accumulation of p62 induces PSD. It alleviates depression-like behavior by inhibiting the expression of p62 and promoting the clearance of p62 in PSD rats. These findings can help explore the pathogenesis of PSD and design targeted treatments for PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- General Hospital of Pingmei Shenma Group, Pingdingshan, Henan, China
| | - Chuanzhou Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Qianling Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Kun Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Lifei Fan
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Xinhui Jiang
- The Third People's Hospital of Luoyang, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xuejiao Jin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Hao Lei
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Tengfei Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University
| | - Fuping Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University.
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Jinggui Song
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Physical Diagnostics and Treatment Technology for the Mental and Neurological Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Prevention and treatment of mental disorder, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University.
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Fanaei H, Shoorijeh BT, Hafezinouri H, Mirzaei I, Parsi-Moud A. Impact of social isolation on corticosterone release and recovery after stroke in aged rats: A behavioral and biochemical analysis. Exp Gerontol 2024; 192:112453. [PMID: 38723916 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Social isolation (SI) after stroke reduces recovery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of SI on corticosterone release and recovery after stroke in aged rats. A total of 64 male Wistar rats (aged 24 months) were used in the present study. All rats were housed in pairs for two weeks. After two weeks, rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) rats underwent sham surgery and kept socially isolated (control/social isolated (CO/SI) group); (2) rats underwent sham surgery and kept pair housed (control/pair housed (CO/PH) group); (3) rats underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery and kept socially isolated (stroke/isolated (ST/SI) group); (4) rats underwent MCAO surgery and kept pair housed (stroke/pair housed (ST/PH)) group. Behaviors were assessed using the adhesive removal test, rotarod test and social interaction test at 1st, 7th, 14th and 21st days after stroke. Serum biochemical analysis was also performed on the behavioral testing days. Results showed THAT serum corticosterone and MDA levels in CO/PH group were significantly lower than CO/SI group. Serum BDNF levels in CO/PH group was significantly higher than CO/SI group. Serum corticosterone and MDA levels in ST/PH group were lower than ST/SI group. In ST/PH group, serum Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and BDNF levels were significantly higher than ST/SI group. Biochemical analysis of certain regions of the brain (hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex) was performed on 21st day after stroke. In the hippocampus of CO/PH group, BDNF and TAC levels were significantly higher than CO/SI group. The hippocampal MDA level of CO/PH group were significantly lower than CO/SI group. BDNF and TAC levels in the hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex of ST/PH group were significantly higher and MDA level was significantly lower as compared with ST/SI group. Both ischemic groups showed sensorimotor recovery over a 21-day period, but recovery of ST/PH group was significantly greater than ST/SI group. Total social interaction time in ST/PH group was significantly longer than ST/SI group. Based on the results of this study, social interaction after stroke enhances histologic and sensorimotor recovery through reduction of HPA activity and corticosterone release, leading to increased TAC and BDNF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Fanaei
- Pregnancy Health Research Center, Department of Physiology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | | | - Hamid Hafezinouri
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ilia Mirzaei
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Parsi-Moud
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Liu Y, Peng J, Leng Q, Tian Y, Wu X, Tan R. Effects of Aloe-Emodin on the Expression of Brain Aquaporins and Secretion of Neurotrophic Factors in a Rat Model of Post-Stroke Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065206. [PMID: 36982280 PMCID: PMC10048947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication of stroke that can damage patients’ brains. More and more studies have been conducted on PSD in recent years, but the exact mechanism is still not understood. Currently, animal models provide an alternative approach to better understand the pathophysiology of PSD and may also pave the way for the discovery of new treatments for depression. This study investigated the therapeutic effect and mechanism of aloe-emodin (AE) on PSD rats. Previous studies have shown that AE positively affects PSD in rats by improving depression, increasing their activities and curiosities, enhancing the number of neurons, and ameliorating damage to brain tissue. Meanwhile, AE could up-regulate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophic 3 (NTF3), but it could also down-regulate the expression of aquaporins (AQP3, AQP4, and AQP5), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), which is helpful in maintaining homeostasis and alleviating encephaledema. AE may be a prospective solution in the future for the treatment of PSD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rui Tan
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (R.T.)
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Yabuno S, Yasuhara T, Nagase T, Kawauchi S, Sugahara C, Okazaki Y, Hosomoto K, Sasada S, Sasaki T, Tajiri N, Borlongan CV, Date I. Synergistic therapeutic effects of intracerebral transplantation of human modified bone marrow-derived stromal cells (SB623) and voluntary exercise with running wheel in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:10. [PMID: 36691091 PMCID: PMC9872315 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03236-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation therapy is a promising therapy for stroke patients. In parallel, rehabilitation with physical exercise could ameliorate stroke-induced neurological impairment. In this study, we aimed to clarify whether combination therapy of intracerebral transplantation of human modified bone marrow-derived MSCs, SB623 cells, and voluntary exercise with running wheel (RW) could exert synergistic therapeutic effects on a rat model of ischemic stroke. METHODS Wistar rats received right transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Voluntary exercise (Ex) groups were trained in a cage with RW from day 7 before MCAO. SB623 cells (4.0 × 105 cells/5 μl) were stereotactically injected into the right striatum at day 1 after MCAO. Behavioral tests were performed at day 1, 7, and 14 after MCAO using the modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS) and cylinder test. Rats were euthanized at day 15 after MCAO for mRNA level evaluation of ischemic infarct area, endogenous neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The rats were randomly assigned to one of the four groups: vehicle, Ex, SB623, and SB623 + Ex groups. RESULTS SB623 + Ex group achieved significant neurological recovery in mNSS compared to the vehicle group (p < 0.05). The cerebral infarct area of SB623 + Ex group was significantly decreased compared to those in all other groups (p < 0.05). The number of BrdU/Doublecortin (Dcx) double-positive cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the dentate gyrus (DG), the laminin-positive area in the ischemic boundary zone (IBZ), and the mRNA level of BDNF and VEGF in SB623 + Ex group were significantly increased compared to those in all other groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that combination therapy of intracerebral transplantation SB623 cells and voluntary exercise with RW achieves robust neurological recovery and synergistically promotes endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia, possibly through a mechanism involving the up-regulation of BDNF and VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Yabuno
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Takao Yasuhara
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Takayuki Nagase
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Satoshi Kawauchi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Chiaki Sugahara
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Yosuke Okazaki
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Kakeru Hosomoto
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Susumu Sasada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sasaki
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
| | - Naoki Tajiri
- Department of Neurophysiology and Brain Science, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Medical School, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Isao Date
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558 Japan
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Goudarzi R, Zamanian G, Seyyedian Z, Mirzaee Saffari P, Dehpour AR, Partoazar A. Beneficial effects of arthrocen on neuroinflammation and behavior like depression in stroke in a murine model. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 11:527-534. [PMID: 36655100 PMCID: PMC9834816 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a considerable reason for death, disability, socioeconomic loss, and depression in the world. Notably, many attempts to the reduction of the complications of poststroke injuries like depression have failed so far. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of arthrocen, avocado/soybean unsaponifiables (ASU), in the poststroke injuries like depression improvement in a mice model. We examined the antidepressant-like effect of arthrocen using the forced swimming test and tail suspension test in mice subjected to stroke. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-10 and TNF-α, and neural cell count were performed in the ischemic brain hippocampus of mice. Oral arthrocen reduced significantly (p < .001) the immobility time in the forced swimming test and tail suspension test in the stroke animals. Also, immunohistochemistry analysis of the hippocampus indicated significantly (p < .01) the reduction of IL-10 and TNF-α cytokines production. Nissl staining showed a significant (p < .0001) increase in the number of viable neurons in stroke mice receiving arthrocen. In conclusion, our data revealed the antidepressant activity of arthrocen in the stroke mice which may be the result of its anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Goudarzi
- Division of Research and Development, Pharmin USALLCSan JoseCaliforniaUSA
| | - Golnaz Zamanian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Zahra Seyyedian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Partow Mirzaee Saffari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Experimental Medicine Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Alireza Partoazar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- Experimental Medicine Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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Remodeling of the Neurovascular Unit Following Cerebral Ischemia and Hemorrhage. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182823. [PMID: 36139398 PMCID: PMC9496956 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Formulated as a group effort of the stroke community, the transforming concept of the neurovascular unit (NVU) depicts the structural and functional relationship between brain cells and the vascular structure. Composed of both neural and vascular elements, the NVU forms the blood-brain barrier that regulates cerebral blood flow to meet the oxygen demand of the brain in normal physiology and maintain brain homeostasis. Conversely, the dysregulation and dysfunction of the NVU is an essential pathological feature that underlies neurological disorders spanning from chronic neurodegeneration to acute cerebrovascular events such as ischemic stroke and cerebral hemorrhage, which were the focus of this review. We also discussed how common vascular risk factors of stroke predispose the NVU to pathological changes. We synthesized existing literature and first provided an overview of the basic structure and function of NVU, followed by knowledge of how these components remodel in response to ischemic stroke and brain hemorrhage. A greater understanding of the NVU dysfunction and remodeling will enable the design of targeted therapies and provide a valuable foundation for relevant research in this area.
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Tao X, Wu S, Tang W, Li L, Huang L, Mo D, Liu C, Song T, Wang S, Wang J, He J. Alleviative effects of foraging exercise on depressive-like behaviors in chronic mild stress-induced ischemic rat model. Brain Inj 2022; 36:127-136. [PMID: 35138197 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2034949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poststroke depression (PSD) is a common complication that seriously affects the functional recovery and prognosis of an individual. As some patients with PSD fail to respond to drug therapy, it is urgent to find a viable alternative treatment. METHODS An active exercise program known as foraging exercise (FE), using food as bait, was designed. First, focal ischemia and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) were used to establish a PSD model in rats. FE was then performed for 4 weeks. Body weight and behavioral assessments were conducted at the end of the 4th and 8th weeks. RESULTS After 8 weeks, the results revealed that, compared with the PSD group, the behavioral scores of the rats in the PSD/FE group were significantly improved, the expression of Iba-1 in the affected frontal lobe and striatum was decreased, and serum levels of IL-6 and the IL-6/IL-10 ratio were downregulated. However, the ratio of residual brain volume in rats that had experienced CUMS was significantly less than that in the stroke group. CONCLUSION FE can alleviate the behavioral scores of PSD rats, and its mechanism may be related to a modulation of the immune-inflammation response of microglia. Furthermore, chronic, persistent stress may increase the volume of cerebral infarction after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Tao
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Siyuan Wu
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wenjing Tang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lijun Huang
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Danheng Mo
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chujuan Liu
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- Hunan Provincial Institute of Geriatrics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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proBDNF expression induces apoptosis and inhibits synaptic regeneration by regulating the RhoA-JNK pathway in an in vitro post-stroke depression model. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:578. [PMID: 34759285 PMCID: PMC8580986 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of post-stroke depression (PSD). However, the precise function and potential mechanism of proBDNF, the precursor form of BDNF, are unknown. In our study, a PSD-like model was established by treating neuronal cells with oxygen-glucose deprivation and corticosterone. We found that the protein proBDNF levels were significantly higher in the cortex and hippocampus in the PSD group than in the control group, suggesting that proBDNF plays a role in the pathophysiology of PSD. Furthermore, we re-established the PSD-like cell model using recombinant p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) or silencing c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and found that the PSD-induced upregulation of proBDNF was inhibited by recombinant p75NTR and JNK silencing (siJNK), and increased cellular apoptosis. Moreover, the application of recombinant p75NTR and siJNK in the PSD-like cell model significantly reversed the expression of apoptosis-related and depression-related proteins and decreased cellular apoptosis. Our findings suggest that proBDNF is involved in neural plasticity in PSD in vitro. The RhoA-JNK signaling pathway is activated after proBDNF binds to the p75NTR receptor, followed by the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (PSD95, synaptophysin, and P-cofilin), which contribute to PSD progression. The mechanism might involve the promotion of cellular apoptosis and the inhibition of nerve synapses regeneration by proBDNF.
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Vigil TM, Frieler RA, Kilpatrick KL, Wang MM, Mortensen RM. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 suppresses cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Exp Neurol 2021; 347:113902. [PMID: 34699789 PMCID: PMC8642300 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Immunometabolic changes have been shown to be a key factor in determining the immune cell response in disease models. The immunometabolite, itaconate, is produced by aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1) and has been shown to inhibit inflammatory signaling in macrophages. In this study, we explore the role of Acod1 and itaconate in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. We assessed the effect of global Acod1 knockout (Acod1KO, loss of endogenous itaconate) in a transient ischemia/reperfusion occlusion stroke model. Mice received a transient 90-min middle cerebral artery occlusion followed with 24-h of reperfusion. Stroke lesion volume was measured by MRI analysis and brain tissues were collected for mRNA gene expression analysis. Acod1KO mice showed significant increases in lesion volume compared to control mice, however no differences in pro-inflammatory mRNA levels were observed. Cell specific knockout of Acod1 in myeloid cells (LysM-Cre), microglia cells (CX3CR1, Cre-ERT2) and Endothelial cells (Cdh5(PAC), Cre-ERT2) did not reproduce lesion volume changes seen in global Acod1KO, indicating that circulating myeloid cells, resident microglia and endothelial cell populations are not the primary contributors to the observed phenotype. These effects however do not appear to be driven by changes in inflammatory gene regulation. These data suggests that endogenous Acod1 is protective in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Vigil
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ryan A. Frieler
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - KiAundra L. Kilpatrick
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Michael M. Wang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Richard M. Mortensen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
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11
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Li Z, Xu H, Xu Y, Lu G, Peng Q, Chen J, Bi R, Li J, Chen S, Li H, Jin H, Hu B. Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides alleviate depressive-like behaviors in post-stroke rats via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome to inhibit hippocampal inflammation. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:1570-1586. [PMID: 34559953 PMCID: PMC8611777 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides (MOOs), a traditional Chinese medicine, have been used to treat mild and moderate depressive episodes. In this study, we investigated whether MOOs can ameliorate depressive‐like behaviors in post‐stroke depression (PSD) rats and further explored its mechanism by suppressing microglial NLRP3 inflammasome activation to inhibit hippocampal inflammation. Methods Behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the effect of MOOs on depressive‐like behaviors in PSD rats. The effects of MOOs on the expression of IL‐18, IL‐1β, and nucleotide‐binding domain leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome were measured in both PSD rats and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stimulated primary rat microglia by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Adeno‐associated virus (AAV) was injected into the hippocampus to regulate NLRP3 inflammasome expression. The detailed molecular mechanism underlying the effects of MOOs was analyzed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Results MOOs can alleviate depressive‐like behaviors in PSD rats. PSD rats showed increased expression of IL‐18, IL‐1β, and NLRP3 inflammasome in the ischemic hippocampus, while MOOs reversed the elevation. NLRP3 downregulation ameliorated depressive‐like behaviors and hippocampal inflammation response in PSD rats, while NLRP3 upregulation inhibited the effect of MOOs on depressive‐like behaviors and hippocampal inflammation response in PSD rats. Moreover, we found that NLRP3 was mainly expressed on microglia. In vitro, MOOs effectively inhibited the expression of IL‐18, IL‐1β, and NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS + ATP treated primary rat microglia. We also showed that modulation of NLRP3 inflammasome by MOOs was associated with the IκB/NF‐κB p65 signaling pathway. Conclusion Overall, our study reveals the antidepressive effect of MOOs on PSD rats through modulation of microglial NLRP3 inflammasome. We also provide a novel insight into hippocampal inflammation response in PSD pathology and put forward NLRP3 inflammasome as a potential therapeutic target for PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hexiang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Institute of Science, Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Guanfeng Lu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiwei Peng
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiefang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rentang Bi
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianzhuang Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengcai Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongkai Li
- Institute of Science, Beijing Tongrentang Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Jin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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12
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Partoazar A, Seyyedian Z, Zamanian G, Saffari PM, Muhammadnejad A, Dehpour AR, Goudarzi R. Neuroprotective phosphatidylserine liposomes alleviate depressive-like behavior related to stroke through neuroinflammation attenuation in the mouse hippocampus. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:1531-1539. [PMID: 33569644 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05783-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of phosphatidylserine liposomes (PSL) on post-stroke (ST) injuries such as neuroinflammation and depression in mice. METHODS Brain ischemia was induced via the right unilateral common carotid artery occlusion model. Then, behavioral assessments including the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were used to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of PSL. Moreover, inflammatory cytokines changes in the hippocampus including TNF-α and IL-10 levels as well as the number of survived neurons were evaluated in ST mice using immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS A significant reduction of the immobility time in both behavioral tests indicated the antidepressant activity of PSL. Moreover, the number of viable neurons increased significantly with PSL treatment, which was similar to control group, compared to the untreated ST group. IHC analysis of ST mice receiving PSL showed a significant reduction in TNF-α and IL-10 levels in the inflamed hippocampus of mice. CONCLUSION Oral PSL may improve post-stroke depression (PSD) through its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Partoazar
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Seyyedian
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Zamanian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Partow Mirzaee Saffari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahad Muhammadnejad
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Goudarzi
- Division of Research and Development, Pharmin USA, LLC, San Jose, CA, USA.
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13
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Guo X, Deng B, Zhong L, Xie F, Qiu Q, Wei X, Wang W, Xu J, Liu G, Hon WPT, Yenari MA, Zhu S, Wang Q. Fibrinogen is an Independent Risk Factor for White Matter Hyperintensities in CADASIL but not in Sporadic Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Patients. Aging Dis 2021; 12:801-811. [PMID: 34094643 PMCID: PMC8139197 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between fibrinogen and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are inconsistent. Whether there are different relationships between WMHs and fibrinogen in disparate subtypes of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) remains unknown. Here, we investigated the roles of plasma fibrinogen in sporadic CSVD (sCSVD) and Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) patients. We performed a cross-sectional study that included 74 CSVD patients (19 CADASIL and 55 sporadic) and 74 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs). Plasma fibrinogen was determined, and the severity of WMHs in CSVD patients was rated according to Fazekas scales. Univariate analysis and ordinal logistic regression were performed to evaluate the relationship between fibrinogen and the severity of WMHs in CSVD. Both CADASIL and sCSVD patients showed significantly higher plasma fibrinogen levels than HCs. No significant difference in the plasma fibrinogen level was observed between CADASIL and sCSVD. Univariate analysis and ordinal logistic regression indicated that fibrinogen is an independent risk factor for the severity of WMHs in CADASIL patients (odds ratio [OR] =1.064; 95% Confidence interval (CI, 1.004-1.127); p =0.037). However, age (odds ratio [OR] =1.093; 95% CI (1.033-1.156); P = 0.002), but not fibrinogen (odds ratio [OR] =1.004; 95% CI (0.997-1.011); P=0.262), is an independent risk factor for the severity of WMHs in sCSVD patients. Our results suggest that high levels of plasma fibrinogen are associated with the severity of WMHs in CADASIL but not in sCSVD patients, indicating that the role of fibrinogen may be different in disparate subtypes of CSVD. A better understanding of fibrinogen may yield insights into the pathogenesis of CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfang Guo
- 1Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Bin Deng
- 1Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Lizi Zhong
- 1Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Fen Xie
- 1Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Qing Qiu
- 2Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Xiaobo Wei
- 1Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Wenya Wang
- 3School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiangping Xu
- 3School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ganqiang Liu
- 4School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wong Peter Tsun Hon
- 5Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Midori A Yenari
- 6Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco & the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shuzhen Zhu
- 1Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Qing Wang
- 1Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong 510282, China
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Song Y, Wang X, Hou A, Li H, Lou J, Liu Y, Cao J, Mi W. Integrative Analysis of lncRNA and mRNA and Profiles in Postoperative Delirium Patients. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:665935. [PMID: 34093168 PMCID: PMC8171121 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.665935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Delirium is a common serious complication that often occurs after major surgery. The goals of this study were to explore the expression profiles and functional networks of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in patients of postoperative delirium (POD). Microarray analysis was performed on the peripheral blood samples to identify differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and mRNAs in 4 POD patients and 4 non-POD volunteers. DE lncRNAs and mRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). Bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify the critical biological functions and signaling pathways involved in POD. A total of 1195 DE lncRNAs and 735 DE mRNAs were identified between the POD and non-POD groups. Verified by the RT-qPCR, we identified 14 DE lncRNAs that may relate to the pathogenesis of POD. These 14 DE lncRNAs play important regulatory roles in “glutamate and 5-hydroxytryptamine,” “synaptotagmin 7,” “transient receptor potential channel,” “interleukin-2 production.” There was a regulatory relationship between lncRNA ENST00000530057 and synaptotagmin (Syt) 7 mRNA. The mRNA level of PCLO was up-regulated in POD group. This study showed abundant DE lncRNAs and mRNAs in POD that might help in deciphering the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Song
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Aisheng Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingsheng Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangbei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Mi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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15
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Saikosaponin A improved depression-like behavior and inhibited hippocampal neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia through p-CREB/BDNF pathway. Behav Brain Res 2021; 403:113138. [PMID: 33493495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Post-stroke depression(PSD) is a common complication and associates with poor physical recovery, low quality of life and high mortality after cerebral infarction. However, the pathogenesis of PSD have not been elucidated thoroughly now, and there is a lack of effective therapy in clinic. It reported that Saikosaponin A, one of the main constituents from Chinese herb Bupleurum chinense, has pharmacological activity in anti-depression. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the potential effects and mechanisms of Saikosaponin A on the depression-like behavior after cerebral ischemic injury in rats. The rat model of PSD was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) and isolation. Behavior tests including open field test, beam-walking test, sucrose preference and forced swimming tests were performed. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were adopted to evaluate expression of phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein(p-CREB), brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) and apoptosis-related molecules in the dentate gyrus region of rat hippocampus. The TUNEL assay was used to determine neuronal apoptosis. We found that the rats subjected to MCAO combined with CUMS and isolation experienced significant depressive-like behavior. Administration of Saikosaponin A significantly ameliorated depressive-like behavior, and inhibited neuronal apoptosis, enhanced the level of p-CREB, BDNF and Bcl-2, reduced the level of Bax, Caspase-3 in the hippocampus of PSD rats. These results revealed that Saikosaponin A improved depression-like behavior and inhibited hippocampal neuronal apoptosis after cerebral ischemia, presumably through increasing the expression of BDNF, p-CREB and Bcl-2, as well as decreasing the level of Bax, Caspase-3.
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Chang Z, Zou H, Xie Z, Deng B, Que R, Huang Z, Weng G, Wu Z, Pan Y, Wang Y, Li M, Xie H, Zhu S, Xiong L, Ct Mok V, Jin K, Yenari MA, Wei X, Wang Q. Cystatin C is a potential predictor of unfavorable outcomes for cerebral ischemia with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator treatment: A multicenter prospective nested case-control study. Eur J Neurol 2020; 28:1265-1274. [PMID: 33277774 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of this study was to explore whether cystatin C (CysC) could be used as a potential predictor of clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV-tPA). METHODS We performed an observational study including a retrospective analysis of data from 125 AIS patients with intravenous thrombolysis. General linear models were applied to compare CysC levels between groups with different outcomes; logistic regression analysis and receiver-operating characteristic curves were adopted to identify the association between CysC and the therapeutic effects. RESULTS Compared with the "good and sustained benefit" (GSB) outcome group (defined as ≥4-point reduction in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale or a score of 0-1 at 24 h and 7 days) and the "good functional outcome" (GFO) group (modified Rankin Scale score 0-2 at 90 days), serum CysC baseline levels were increased in the non-GSB and non-GFO groups. Logistic regression analysis found that CysC was an independent negative prognostic factor for GSB (odds ratio [OR] 0.010; p = 0.005) and GFO (OR 0.011; p = 0.021) after adjustment for potential influencing factors. Receiver-operating characteristic curves showed the CysC-involved combined models provided credible efficacy for predicting post-90-day favorable clinical outcome (area under the curve 0.86; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum CysC is independently associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes after IV-tPA therapy in AIS. Our findings provide new insights into discovering potential mediators for neuropathological process or treatment in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqiang Zou
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenchao Xie
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongfang Que
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zifeng Huang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guomei Weng
- Department of Neurology, 1st People Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Zhihuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, 1st People Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Ying Pan
- Department of Neurology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Neurology, the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyan Li
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifang Xie
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Prince of Wales hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vincent Ct Mok
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Prince of Wales hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kunlin Jin
- Department of Neurology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Midori A Yenari
- Department of Neurology, San Francisco & the San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Wei
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ma J, Gao J, Niu M, Zhang X, Wang J, Xie A. P2X4R Overexpression Upregulates Interleukin-6 and Exacerbates 6-OHDA-Induced Dopaminergic Degeneration in a Rat Model of PD. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:580068. [PMID: 33328961 PMCID: PMC7671967 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.580068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains elusive. Current thinking suggests that the activation of microglia and the subsequent release of inflammatory factors, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), are involved in the pathogenesis of PD. P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) is a member of the P2X superfamily of ion channels activated by ATP. To study the possible effect of the ATP-P2X4R signal axis on IL-6 in PD, lentivirus carrying the P2X4R-overexpression gene or empty vector was injected into the substantia nigra (SN) of rats, followed by treatment of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) or saline 1 week later. The research found the relative expression of P2X4R in the 6-OHDA-induced PD rat models was notably higher than that in the normal. And P2X4R overexpression could upregulate the expression of IL-6, reduce the amount of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the SN of PD rats, suggesting that P2X4R may mediate the production of IL-6 to damage DA neurons in the SN. Our data revealed the important role of P2X4R in modulating IL-6, which leads to neuroinflammation involved in PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Ma
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinzhao Gao
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengyue Niu
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Anmu Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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18
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Bagheri-Mohammadi S. Protective effects of mesenchymal stem cells on ischemic brain injury: therapeutic perspectives of regenerative medicine. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 22:249-262. [PMID: 33231840 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09885-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic injury as the main manifestation of stroke can occur in stroke patients (70-80%). Nowadays, the main therapeutic strategy used for ischemic brain injury treatment aims to achieve reperfusion, neuroprotection, and neurorecovery. Also, angiogenesis as a therapeutic approach maybe represents a promising tool to enhance the prognosis of cerebral ischemic stroke. Unfortunately, although many therapeutic approaches as a life-saving gateway for cerebral ischemic injuries like pharmacotherapy and surgical treatments are widely used, they all fail to restore or regenerate damaged neurons in the brain. So, the suitable therapeutic approach would focus on regenerating the lost cells and restore the normal function of the brain. Currently, stem cell-based regenerative medicine introduced a new paradigm approach in cerebral ischemic injuries treatment. Today, in experimental researches, different types of stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells have been applied. Therefore, stem cell-based regenerative medicine provides the opportunity to inquire and develop a more effective and safer therapeutic approach with the capability to produce and regenerate new neurons in damaged tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Bagheri-Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology and Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Departments of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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19
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Simon-Gozalbo A, Rodriguez-Blazquez C, Forjaz MJ, Martinez-Martin P. Clinical Characterization of Parkinson's Disease Patients With Cognitive Impairment. Front Neurol 2020; 11:731. [PMID: 32849203 PMCID: PMC7417300 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairment is one of the most frequent and disabling non-motor symptoms in Parkinson disease (PD) and encompasses a continuum from mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) to dementia (PDD). The risk factors associated with them are not completely elucidated. Objective: To characterize the presence and clinical presentation of PD-MCI and PDD in patients with idiopathic PD, examining motor and non-motor features and determining factors associated with cognitive impairment. Methods: Multicenter, cross-sectional study in 298 PD patients who underwent clinical [Hoehn and Yahr (HY) staging and Clinical Impression of Severity Index for Parkinson Disease], neurological [Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease (SCOPA)-Motor], neuropsychological (Mini Mental State Examination, SCOPA-Cognition, Frontal Assessment Battery and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale), neuropsychiatric [SCOPA-Psychiatric complications, SCOPA-Psychosocial (SCOPA-PS), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)], and health-related quality of life [Parkinson Disease Questionnaire for quality of life (PDQ-8)] assessment. Movement Disorders Society criteria were applied to classify patients as normal cognition (NC), PD-MCI, and PDD. The association between variables was explored using multivariate binary and multinomial logistic regression models. Results: Seventy-two patients (24.2%) were classified as NC, 82 (27.5%) as PD-MCI, and 144 (48.3%) as PDD. These last two groups reported more psychosocial problems related with the disease (mean SCOPA-PS, 16.27 and 10.39, respectively), compared with NC (7.28) and lower quality-of-life outcomes (PDQ-8 48.98 and 28.42, respectively) compared to NC (19.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that both cognitive impaired groups had a more severe stage of PD measured by HY [odds ratio (OR) for MCI-PD, 2.45; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.22-4.90; OR for PDD 2.64; 95% CI, 1.17-5.98]. Specifically, age (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.16-1.47), years of education (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83-0.99), disease duration (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.07-1.32), HADS-D (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.06-1.35), and hallucinations (OR, 2.98; 95% CI, 1.16-7.69) were related to PDD. Conclusions: Cognitive impairment in PD is associated with more severe disease stage, resulting in a global, neuropsychiatric, psychosocial, and quality-of-life deterioration. This study provides a better understanding of the great impact that cognitive impairment has within the natural history of PD and its relationship with the rest of motor and non-motor symptoms in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Simon-Gozalbo
- Doctorate Program in Health Sciences, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | | | - Maria J Forjaz
- National Center of Epidemiology and CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Martinez-Martin
- National Center of Epidemiology and CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Lan XY, Yu H, Chen QJ, Zhai S, Zhang CF, Li F, Wang CZ, Yuan CS. Effect of liquiritin on neuroendocrine-immune network in menopausal rat model. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2665-2674. [PMID: 32281178 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of liquiritin on neuroendocrine-immune network in menopausal rat model. METHODS Liquiritin groups were respectively given liquiritin suspension at the dose of 80, 40, and 20 mg/kg, once a day for continuous 30 days after the removal of bilateral ovaries to induce the menopausal rat model. Behavioral experiments were conducted and the organs were weighed for the viscera index. The content of estradiol (E2 ) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the serum and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in hypothalamus were assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits. Morphological changes of uterus and adrenal gland were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and estrogen receptor (ER) expression of uterus and spleen were determined by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS For the nervous system, liquiritin relieved menopausal depression and up-regulated the levels of 5-HT and NE in hypothalamus; for the endocrine system, it raised the concentrations of E2 and FSH in serum, relieved the histological changes of uterus and adrenal gland and increased the expression of ER in uterus; for the immune system, it increased the thymus index and the expression of ER in spleen. CONCLUSIONS Liquiritin improved menopausal syndrome in multiple ways by affecting the neuro-endocrine-immune network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Lan
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Experimental Center of Food Science Research, Shandong Drug and Food Vocational College, Zibo, China
| | - Qiu-Jing Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuo Zhai
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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21
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Chen J, Li X, Xu S, Zhang M, Wu Z, Zhang X, Xu Y, Chen Y. Delayed PARP-1 Inhibition Alleviates Post-stroke Inflammation in Male Versus Female Mice: Differences and Similarities. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:77. [PMID: 32317937 PMCID: PMC7146057 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke inflammation is almost involved in the whole process of stroke pathogenesis, which serves as a prime target for developing new stroke therapies. Despite known sex differences in the incidence and outcome of stroke, few preclinical or clinical studies take into account sex bias in treatment. Recent evidence suggests that poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 inhibitor exerts sex-specific neuroprotection in the ischemic stroke. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of delayed PARP-1 inhibition on post-stroke inflammation and possible sexual dimorphism, and explore the possible relevant mediators. In male and female C57BL/6 mice subjected to transit middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), we found that delayed treatment of PARP-1 inhibitor at 48 h following reperfusion could comparably alleviate neuro-inflammation at 72 h after stroke. Whereas, more remarkable reduction of iNOS and MMP9 induced by PARP-1 inhibition were found in male MCAO mice, and the improvement of behavioral outcomes was more prominent in male MCAO mice. In addition, we further identified that PARP-1 inhibitor might equivalently suppress microglial activation in males and females in vivo and in vitro. With proteomic analysis and western blotting assay, it was found that stroke-induced peroxiredoxin-1 (Prx1) expression was significantly affected by PARP-1 inhibition. Interestingly, injection of recombinant Prx1 into the ischemic core could block the anti-inflammatory effects of PARP-1 inhibitor in the experimental stroke. These findings suggest that PARP-1 inhibitor has effects on regulating microglial activation and post-stroke inflammation in males and females, and holds promise as a novel therapeutic agent for stroke with extended therapeutic time window. Efforts need to be made to delineate the actions of PARP-1 inhibition in stroke, and here we propose that Prx1 might be a critical mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxi Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyi Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengzheng Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanting Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China
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22
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Fang Y, Gao S, Wang X, Cao Y, Lu J, Chen S, Lenahan C, Zhang JH, Shao A, Zhang J. Programmed Cell Deaths and Potential Crosstalk With Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction After Hemorrhagic Stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:68. [PMID: 32317935 PMCID: PMC7146617 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic stroke is a life-threatening neurological disease characterized by high mortality and morbidity. Various pathophysiological responses are initiated after blood enters the interstitial space of the brain, compressing the brain tissue and thus causing cell death. Recently, three new programmed cell deaths (PCDs), necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, were also found to be important contributors in the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic stroke. Additionally, blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hemorrhagic stroke. The primary insult following BBB dysfunction may disrupt the tight junctions (TJs), transporters, transcytosis, and leukocyte adhesion molecule expression, which may lead to brain edema, ionic homeostasis disruption, altered signaling, and immune infiltration, consequently causing neuronal cell death. This review article summarizes recent advances in our knowledge of the mechanisms regarding these new PCDs and reviews their contributions in hemorrhagic stroke and potential crosstalk in BBB dysfunction. Numerous studies revealed that necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis participate in cell death after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Endothelial dysfunction caused by these three PCDs may be the critical factor during BBB damage. Also, several signaling pathways were involved in PCDs and BBB dysfunction. These new PCDs (necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis), as well as BBB dysfunction, each play a critical role after hemorrhagic stroke. A better understanding of the interrelationship among them might provide us with better therapeutic targets for the treatment of hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjian Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, United States.,Center for Neuroscience Research, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Center for Neuroscience Research, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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