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Feng M, Huo Q, Gan L, Chen Y, Xiao D, Guo X. Effects of Four Strains of Actinomycetes on the Content of Terpenoids in Baijiu. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071494. [PMID: 37048315 PMCID: PMC10094741 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids not only are an important health factor in baijiu but also contribute to the elegance and finesse of baijiu, and actinomycetes act as an important source of terpenoids in baijiu. Four strains of actinomycetes—Streptomyces violascens (SPQ1), S. sampsonii (SPS1), S. thermophilus (SPG1), and S. griseus (SPH1)—obtained from the Daqu, pit mud, fermented grains and air, respectively, in the production of baijiu were used in solid-state and liquid fermentation with five brewing raw materials as the substrates. The terpenoids in the metabolites were analyzed and compared using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We found that the four strains of actinomycetes produced 31 terpenoids from the hydrolysates of five fermentation substrates during liquid fermentation, and the total terpenoid content was 989.94 μg/kg in the fermentation products. After 28 days of solid-state fermentation, the four actinomycete strains produced 64 terpenoids using the five fermentation substrates, and the total terpenoid content was 23,651.52 μg/kg in the fermentation products. The different fermentation substrates and fermentation methods have a great influence on the terpenoids produced by actinomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxue Feng
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300547, China
| | - Qiaojuan Huo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300547, China
| | - Linyao Gan
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300547, China
| | - Yefu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300547, China
| | - Dongguang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300547, China
| | - Xuewu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Industrial Microbiology Key Laboratory, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300547, China
- Key Laboratory of Wuliangye-Flavor Liquor Solid-State Fermentation, China National Light Industry, Yibin 644000, China
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Martín-Escolano R, Molero Romero S, Díaz JG, Marín C, Sánchez-Moreno M, Rosales MJ. In vitro anti- Acanthamoeba activity of flavonoid glycosides isolated from Delphinium gracile, D. staphisagria, Consolida oliveriana and Aconitum napellus. Parasitology 2021; 148:1392-1400. [PMID: 34162452 PMCID: PMC11010224 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182021001025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Acanthamoeba spp. are widely distributed in the environment and cause serious infections in humans. Treatment of Acanthamoeba infections is very challenging and not always effective which requires the development of more efficient drugs against Acanthamoeba spp. The purpose of the present study was to test medicinal plants that may be useful in the treatment of Acanthamoeba spp. Here we evaluated the trophozoital and cysticidal activity of 13 flavonoid glycosides isolated from Delphinium gracile, D. staphisagria, Consolida oliveriana and from Aconitum napellus subsp. Lusitanicum against the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii. AlamarBlue Assay Reagent® was used to determine the activity against trophozoites of A. castellanii, and cytotoxic using Vero cells. Cysticidal activity was assessed on treated cysts by light microscopy using a Neubauer chamber to quantify cysts and trophozoites. Flavonoids 1, 2, 3 and 4 showed higher trophozoital activity and selectivity indexes than the reference drug chlorhexidine digluconate. In addition, flavonoid 2 showed 100% cysticidal activity at a concentration of 50 μm, lower than those of the reference drug and flavonoid 3 (100 μm). These results suggest that flavonoids 2 and 3 might be used for the development of novel therapeutic approaches against Acanthamoeba infections after satisfactory in vivo evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Martín-Escolano
- Laboratory of Molecular & Evolutionary Parasitology, RAPID group, School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Sonia Molero Romero
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus G. Díaz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bio-Orgánica ‘Antonio González’, Universidad de La Laguna, Ctra. a la Esperanza 2, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Clotilde Marín
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Mª José Rosales
- Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria Ibs, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, E-18071, Granada, Spain
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Candela RG, Rosselli S, Bruno M, Fontana G. A Review of the Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses and Biological Activities of the Essential Oils of Genus Teucrium. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:432-479. [PMID: 33296939 DOI: 10.1055/a-1293-5768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The genus Teucrium is a large and polymorphic genus of the Lamiaceae family distributed in mild climate zones, particularly in the Mediterranean basin and Central Asia. Studies of nonvolatile constituents of Teucrium species showed that they are a rich source of neo-clerodane diterpenoids, considered as chemotaxonomic markers of the genus. In addition to the nonvolatile metabolites, there has been a large interest in the essential oils of this genus. In this review, a complete survey of the chemical composition and biological properties of the essential oils isolated from Teucrium taxa is provided. In traditional medicine, since ancient times, species of this genus have been widely implemented for their biological properties, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, insecticidal, anti-malaria, etc. Therefore, a complete review of all of the traditional uses of Teucrium taxa are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Gagliano Candela
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sergio Rosselli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Fontana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Cipriano RR, Maia BHLNS, Deschamps C. Chemical variability of essential oils of Eugenia uniflora L. genotypes and their antioxidant activity. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20181299. [PMID: 33909815 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120181299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Eugenia uniflora, known as the "Brazilian cherry", is an economically important neotropical Myrtaceae in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries due the production of essential oils with antioxidant activity. On account of its significant genetic variability, genotype evaluations are needed in order to identify genetic features related to the essential oil production that meet the industry requirements. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the yield, composition, and antioxidant activity of essential oils isolated from the leaves of 36 genotypes of E. uniflora. Essential oil samples were obtained by hydrodistillation, and their composition was determined by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. A variation of 0.22% to 1.68% in the essential oil yield was observed, in which 78 compounds, namely oxygenated sesquiterpenes, were identified. According to the cluster analysis of the major compounds, six groups were revealed. The observed diversity demonstrates the genetic variability of the species. Also, the antioxidant activity was affected by the composition of the essential oils, ranging from 176.66 to 867.57 µM TEAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger R Cipriano
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia/Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanitarismo, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, 80035-050 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Beatriz H L N S Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Centro Politécnico, Av. Cel. Francisco H. Santos, 100, Jardim das Américas, 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Cícero Deschamps
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia/Produção Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Fitotecnia e Fitossanitarismo, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, 80035-050 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Sifaoui I, Rodríguez-Talavera I, Reyes-Batlle M, Rodríguez-Expósito RL, Rocha-Cabrera P, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J. In vitro evaluation of commercial foam Belcils® on Acanthamoeba spp. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2020; 14:136-143. [PMID: 33099237 PMCID: PMC7578530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Interest in periocular (eyelid and eyelashes margins) hygiene has attracted attention recently and a growing number of commercials eye cleanser and shampoos have been marketed. In the present study, a particular eye cleanser foam, Belcils® has been tested against trophozoites and cysts on the facultative pathogen Acanthamoeba. Viability was tested by the alamarBlue™ method and the foam was tested for the induction of programmed cell death in order to explore its mode of action. We found that a 1% solution of the foam eliminated both trophozoite and cyst stage of Acanthamoeba spp. After 90 min of incubation, Belcils® induced, DNA condensation, collapse in the mitochondrial membrane potential and reduction of the ATP level production in Acanthamoeba. We conclude that the foam destroys the cells by the induction of an apoptosis-like process. The current eye cleanser could be used as part of AK therapy protocol and as prevention from AK infections for contact lens users and post-ocular trauma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sifaoui
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, 38206, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain.
| | - Iván Rodríguez-Talavera
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, 38206, Spain; Área de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain
| | - María Reyes-Batlle
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, 38206, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain
| | - Rubén L Rodríguez-Expósito
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, 38206, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain
| | - Pedro Rocha-Cabrera
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, 38206, Spain; Área de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Tenerife, Spain
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, 38206, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, 38206, Spain; Departamento de Obstetricia, Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad De La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, 38203, Islas Canarias, Spain; Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET), Spain
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β-Eudesmol, an Oxygenized Sesquiterpene, Reduces the Increase in Saliva 3-Methoxy-4-Hydroxyphenylglycol After the "Trier Social Stress Test" in Healthy Humans: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Cross-Over Study. Nutrients 2018; 11:nu11010009. [PMID: 30577513 PMCID: PMC6356403 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hops, the immature inflorescences of the female hop plant (Humulus lupulus L.) are one of the main components of beer and provides flavor and bitterness. β-Eudesmol, an oxygenated sesquiterpene, is reported to accumulate in a particular hop cultivar. Recently, we revealed that β-Eudesmol ingestion affected autonomic nerve activity in an animal model. The effect on humans has not been elucidated, therefore, we investigated the effects of β-Eudesmol on reducing objective and subjective markers related to sympathetic nerve activity after the application of mental stress in healthy participants. Fifty participants (male and female aged 20 to 50 years) were randomly assigned to two groups. Five minutes before taking the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) as a mental stressor, participants in each group ingested a beverage containing β-Eudesmol, the active beverage, or a placebo beverage that did not contain β-Eudesmol. Saliva 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), a major product of noradrenaline breakdown and a representative marker of sympathetic nerve activity, was significantly lower just after the TSST in the active group compared with the placebo group. Saliva cortisol, a marker of the endocrine stress response system, was not significantly different between the two groups. No adverse events related to test beverage ingestion were observed. This is the first experimental evidence of β-Eudesmol effect for mental stress in human.
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