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Upadhyay S, Kumar A, Srivastava M, Srivastava A, Dwivedi A, Singh RK, Srivastava SK. Recent advancements of smartphone-based sensing technology for diagnosis, food safety analysis, and environmental monitoring. Talanta 2024; 275:126080. [PMID: 38615454 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of computationally powerful smartphones, relatively affordable high-resolution camera, drones, and robotic sensors have ushered in a new age of advanced sensible monitoring tools. The present review article investigates the burgeoning smartphone-based sensing paradigms, including surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, colorimetric biosensors, and other innovations for modern healthcare. Despite the significant advancements, there are still scarcity of commercially available smart biosensors and hence need to accelerate the rates of technology transfer, application, and user acceptability. The application/necessity of smartphone-based biosensors for Point of Care (POC) testing, such as prognosis, self-diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment selection, have brought remarkable innovations which eventually eliminate sample transportation, sample processing time, and result in rapid findings. Additionally, it articulates recent advances in various smartphone-based multiplexed bio sensors as affordable and portable sensing platforms for point-of-care devices, together with statistics for point-of-care health monitoring and their prospective commercial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyam Upadhyay
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Monika Srivastava
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Amit Srivastava
- Department of Physics TDPG College, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222001, India
| | - Arpita Dwivedi
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singh
- School of Physical and Material Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, Kangra, 176215, India
| | - S K Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Xu F, Du W, Li C, Li Y, Li Z, Han W, Li H, Liang J, Zhao D, Yang X, Wang F, Long C, Xing X, Tan J, Zhang N, Sun Z, Che N. Evaluation of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction by detecting cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid in pleural effusion for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy: a multicentre cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2024:S1198-743X(24)00248-9. [PMID: 38810928 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tuberculous pleurisy is one of the most common types of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, but the sensitivity of conventional mycobacterial culture (Culture) or Xpert MTB/RIF assay (Xpert) is not satisfying. This multicentre cohort study evaluated the accuracy of a new cell-free DNA droplet digital PCR assay (cf-ddPCR) for diagnosing tuberculous pleurisy. METHODS Patients with suspected tuberculosis (≥5 years of age) with pleural effusion were consecutively recruited from nine research sites across six provinces in China between September 2020 to May 2022. Culture, Xpert, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay (Ultra), real-time PCR, and cf-ddPCR were performed simultaneously for all specimens. RESULTS A total of 321 participants were enrolled, and data from 281 (87.5%) participants were available, including 105 definite tuberculous pleurisy, 113 possible tuberculous pleurisy and 63 non-tuberculous pleurisy according to the composite reference standard. The sensitivity of cf-ddPCR was 90.5% (95/105, 95% CI, 82.8-95.1%) in the definite tuberculous pleurisy group, which was significantly higher than those of Culture (57.1%, 60/105, 95% CI, 47.1-66.6%, p < 0.001), Xpert (46.7%, 49/105, 95% CI, 37.0-56.6%, p < 0.001), Ultra (69.5%, 73/105, 95% CI, 59.7-77.9%, p < 0.001) and real-time PCR (75.2%, 79/105, 95% CI, 65.7-82.9%, p < 0.001). In possible tuberculous pleurisy, whose results of Culture and Xpert were both negative, the sensitivity of cf-ddPCR was 61.1% (69/113, 95% CI, 51.4-70.0%), which was still significantly higher than that of Ultra (27.4%, 31/113, 95% CI, 19.7-36.8%, p < 0.001) and real-time PCR (38.9%, 44/113, 95% CI, 30.0-48.6%, p < 0.001). DISCUSSION The performance of cf-ddPCR is superior to Culture, Xpert, Ultra, and real-time PCR, indicating that improved diagnostic accuracy can be anticipated by incorporating this new assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fudong Xu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
| | - Weili Du
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Department of Tuberculosis, Shenyang Tenth People's Hospital, Shenyang Chest Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ye Li
- Tuberculosis Department One, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Tuberculosis, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Wenge Han
- Department of Tuberculosis, Second People's Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Huimin Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Beijing Children's Hospital, Nation Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jianqin Liang
- Senior Department of Tuberculosis, The 8th Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmei Zhao
- Department of Tuberculosis, Infectious Disease Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinting Yang
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Chaolian Long
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
| | - Xuya Xing
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
| | - Nana Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
| | - Zuyu Sun
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
| | - Nanying Che
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China.
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