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Suresh Babu K, Paradesi D. Investigation of Related Impurities in Metadoxine by a Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography Technique. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:581-584. [PMID: 33041305 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20p271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A new reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for the separation and identification of impurities present in metadoxine. Herein, we report that one of the impurities eluted from the metadoxine sample is 4-deoxypyridoxine hydrochloride (4-DPH). In HPLC analysis, the retention time (RT) of 4-DPH was observed to be at 13.5 min in both the reference and metadoxine samples and the relative retention time (RRT) was 1.71. The presence of 4-DPH in a metadoxine sample was also confirmed by a chromatogram obtained by spiking the 4-DPH standard into the sample. Furthermore, the elution and mass of impurity 4-DPH in metadoxine was proven by LC-mass spectroscopy studies. This method highlights the presence of another unknown impurity that has so far not been observed in earlier methods of metadoxine evaluation. Hence, the developed method achieved superior resolution between metadoxine and impurities and thereby facilitates the production of a purer metadoxine drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Suresh Babu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Deivanayagam Paradesi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology
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Tawakkol SM, Fayez YM, Fahmy NM, Lotfy HM, Shehata MAA. Monitoring of Clotrimazole Degradation Pathway in Presence of its Co-formulated Drug. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:518-527. [PMID: 30929003 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Two stability-indicating chromatographic methods for the determination of clotrimazole and its two acid induced degradation products, with dexamethasone acetate without prior separation. First method depends on RP-HPLC utilizing ODS-3 Inertsil C18 column. Mobile phase consists of acetonitrile:phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) in ratio (65:35, v/v) with flow rate 1.5 mL/min and UV-detection at 220 nm. Linearity range 1.0-75.0 μg/mL for clotrimazole and 2.0-75.0 μg/mL for dexamethasone with mean percentage recovery of 99.49 ± 1.10 for CLT and 99.60 ± 1.06 for DA. Second method depends on HP-TLC. Developing system is composed of chloroform:ethyl acetate in the ratio of (5:3.5, v/v), scanned at 220 nm. Linearity range 1.0-12.0 μg/band for clotrimazole and 1.0-20.0 μg/band for dexamethasone with mean R% of 99.33 ± 0.76 for clotrimazole and 99.77 ± 0.99 for dexamethasone. Conditions and parameters affecting the separation of the cited components without interference of the degradation products are tested and optimized. Suitability of the methods for quantization of the drugs concentrations is proven by validation as instructed from the ICH. Validation results and statistical treatment of the data demonstrate reliability of these methods. Kinetics of acid degradation process of clotrimazole are investigated by the proposed HPLC method and the order rate constant, half life and shelf life are computed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Mostafa Tawakkol
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan, Al Masaken Al Iqtisadeyah, Qism Helwan, Cairo Governorate, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Fourth Industrial Zone, Bank Complex, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasmin Mohammed Fayez
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Al kasr al ainy street - Al Sayeda Zeinab, Egypt
| | - Nesma Mahmoud Fahmy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Fourth Industrial Zone, Bank Complex, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hayam Mahmoud Lotfy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Al kasr al ainy street - Al Sayeda Zeinab, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Pharmaceutical industries, Future University in Egypt, 90th St, Cairo Governorate, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Abdel-Atty Shehata
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Al kasr al ainy street - Al Sayeda Zeinab, Egypt
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Alajmi MF, Alam P. Anti-inflammatory activity and qualitative analysis of different extracts of Maytenus obscura (A. Rich.) Cuf. by high performance thin layer chromatography method. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:152-7. [PMID: 25182287 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(14)60224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform aqueous ethanol soluble fraction (AESF) and dichloromethane extract of aerial parts of Maytenus obscura (A. Rich.) Cuf. using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and to test anti-inflammatory activity of these extracts. METHODS HPTLC studies were carried out using CAMAG HPTLC system equipped with Linomat IV applicator, TLC scanner 3, Reprostar 3, CAMAG ADC 2 and WIN CATS-4 software were used. The anti-inflammatory activity was tested by injecting different groups of rats (6 each) with formalin in hind paw and measuring the edema volume before and 1 h later formalin injection. Control group received saline i.p. The extracts treatment was injected i.p. in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg 1 h before formalin administration. Indomethacin (30 mg/kg) was used as standard. RESULTS The results of preliminary phytochemical studies confirmed the presence of protein, lipid, carbohydrate, phenol, flavonoid, saponin, triterpenoid, alkaloid and anthraquinone in both extracts. Chromatography was performed on glass-backed silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates with the green solvents toluene: ethyacetate: glacial acetic acid (5:3:0.2, v/v/v) as mobile phase. HPTLC finger printing of AESF revealed major eight peaks with Rf values in the range of 0.28 to 0.80 and the dichloromethane revealed major 11 peaks with Rf values in the range of 0.12 to 0.76. The purity of sample was confirmed by comparing the absorption spectra at start, middle and end position of the band. Treatment of rats (i.p.) with AESF and dichloromethane in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg inhibited singnificantly (P<0.05, n=6) formalin-induced inflammation by 50%, 55.9%, 45.5%, and 51.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS HPTLC finger printing of AESF and dichloromethane of Maytenus obscura revealed eight major spots for alcoholic extracts and nine major spots for dichloromethane extracts. These HPTLC profiles may be of great usefulness in the quality control of herbal products containing these extracts. The anti-inflammatory activity of both extracts also revealed the medicinal importance of these extracts. The plant can be further explored for the isolation of phytoconstituents having anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Alajmi
- Deptartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Perwez Alam
- Deptartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Mohammed MS, Alajmi MF, Alam P, Khalid HS, Mahmoud AM, Ahmed WJ. Chromatographic finger print analysis of anti-inflammatory active extract fractions of aerial parts of Tribulus terrestris by HPTLC technique. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:203-8. [PMID: 25182438 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(14)60232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop HPTLC fingerprint profile of anti-inflammatory active extract fractions of Tribulus terrestris (family Zygophyllaceae). METHODS The anti-inflammatory activity was tested for the methanol and its fractions (chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous) and chloroform extract of Tribulus terrestris (aerial parts) by injecting different groups of rats (6 each) with carrageenan in hind paw and measuring the edema volume before and 1, 2 and 3 h after carrageenan injection. Control group received saline i.p. The extracts treatment was injected i.p. in doses of 200 mg/kg 1 h before carrageenan administration. Indomethacin (30 mg/kg) was used as standard. HPTLC studies were carried out using CAMAG HPTLC system equipped with Linomat IV applicator, TLC scanner 3, Reprostar 3, CAMAG ADC 2 and WIN CATS-4 software for the active fractions of chloroform fraction of methanol extract. RESULTS The methanol extract showed good antiedematous effect with percentage of inhibition more than 72%, indicating its ability to inhibit the inflammatory mediators. The methanol extract was re-dissolved in 100 mL of distilled water and fractionated with chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The four fractions (chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous) were subjected to anti-inflammatory activity. Chloroform fraction showed good anti-inflammatory activity at dose of 200 mg/kg. Chloroform fraction was then subjected to normal phase silica gel column chromatography and eluted with petroleum ether-chloroform, chloroform-ethyl acetate mixtures of increasing polarity which produced 15 fractions (F1-F15). Only fractions F1, F2, F4, F5, F7, F9, F11 and F14 were found to be active, hence these were analyzed with HPTLC to develop their finger print profile. These fractions showed different spots with different Rf values. CONCLUSIONS The different chloroform fractions F1, F2, F4, F5, F7, F9, F11 and F14 revealed 4, 7, 7, 8, 9, 7, 7 and 6 major spots, respectively. The results obtained in this experiment strongly support and validate the traditional uses of this Sudanese medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Salih Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mohamed Fahad Alajmi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, P.O.Box. 2457, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Perwez Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, P.O.Box. 2457, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Subki Khalid
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Council for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Wadah Jamal Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Sudan
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Zhang X, Li J, Upur H, Tian S. High-performance thin-layer chromatographic quantification of three active compounds from the decoction of Abnormal Savda Munziq prescription. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.27.2014.3.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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AlAjmi M, Alam P, Shakeel F. Quantification of bioactive marker β-amyrin by validated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic- densitometric method in different species ofMaytenusgrown in Saudi Arabia. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.26.2013.6.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Stability Indicating HPTLC Method for Analysis of Rifaximin in Pharmaceutical Formulations and an Application to Acidic Degradation Kinetic Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/613218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A specific stability indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for analysis of rifaximin both as a bulk drug and in formulations was developed and validated. The method employed HPTLC aluminium plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase. The optimized mobile phase system consisted of n-hexane : 2-propanol : acetone : ammonia (5 : 4.1 : 1, v/v/v/v), which gave compact spots for rifaximin at of 0.59 ± 0.03. Rifaximin was subjected to forced degradation studies in order to check the specificity of the method. Densitometric analysis of rifaximin was carried out in the absorbance reflectance mode at 443 nm. The calibration plots showed linear relationship in the concentration range of 400–3200 ng per band. Moreover, linearity was also confirmed by verification of homoscedasticity of variance. According to validation studies, the developed method was repeatable and specific as revealed by % RSD less than 2 and hence can be used for routine analysis of pharmaceutical formulation. Moreover, the method could effectively separate the drug from its degradation products; hence it can be employed as a stability indicating one. The kinetics of acid degradation process at various temperatures was also investigated and first-order rate constant, half-life, shelf life, and activation energy were computed.
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Amir M, Mujeeb M, Ahmad S, Akhtar M, Ashraf K. Design expert-supported development and validation of HPTLC method: An application in simultaneous estimation of quercetin and rutin in Punica granatum, Tamarindus indica and Prunus domestica. Pharm Methods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phme.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Alajmi MF, Alam P. HPTLC finger print and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of different Maytenus species grown in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(13)60082-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mahgoub H, Youssef RM, Korany MA, Khamis EF, Kamal MF. Development and validation of spectrophotometric and HPTLC methods for simultaneous determination of rosiglitazone maleate and metformin hydrochloride in the presence of interfering matrix excipients. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:1190-8. [PMID: 23829222 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.810634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Two simple methods have been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of rosiglitazone maleate (ROS) and metformin hydrochloride (MET) in synthetic mixtures and coated tablets in a ratio of 1:250 (ROS:MET). The first method was a spectrophotometric one. The minor component, ROS was determined by measuring the values of absorbance at λmax 312 nm and the D1 amplitudes at 331 nm where MET shows no absorption contribution. However, absorbance interferences from tablet excipients were successfully corrected by D1 at 331 nm zero-crossing technique. Study of spectral interference from tablet excipients was included in the text. Standard curves for Amax and D1 methods were in the concentration range 20.0-80.0 μg mL(-1). The major component, MET was determined both in binary mixtures and tablets by measuring its Amax at 236 nm. Extensive dilution eliminated any absorption contribution from the coexisting ROS or tablet matrix. Standard curves showed linearity in the concentration range 4.0-12.8 μg mL(-1). The second method was based on high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) separation of the two drugs followed by densitometric measurements of their spots at 230 nm. The separation was carried out on Merck HPTLC aluminium sheets of silica gel 60 F254 using methanol:water:NH4Cl 1% w/v (5:4:1 v/v/v) as the mobile phase. Linear calibration graphs of peak area values were obtained versus concentrations in the range of 0.4-2.0 μg band(-1) and 20.0-100.0 μg band(-1) for ROS and MET, respectively. According to International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines, different validation parameters were verified for the two methods and presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Mahgoub
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
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Validation of the method for the simultaneous estimation of bioactive marker gallic acid and quercetin in Abutilon indicum by HPTLC. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhao J, Li SP, Yang FQ, Li P, Wang YT. Simultaneous determination of saponins and fatty acids in Ziziphus jujuba (Suanzaoren) by high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection and pressurized liquid extraction. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1108:188-94. [PMID: 16458908 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.12.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2005] [Revised: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 12/20/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The seed of Ziziphus jujube Mill. var. spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chou, Suanzaoren in Chinese, is one of commonly used Chinese medicines. Saponins and fatty oil contains several fatty acids in Suanzaoren are responsible for its therapeutic activities. In this study, a new HPLC coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method was developed for the simultaneous quantitative determination of 11 major components of 2 saponins and 9 fatty acids, namely jujuboside A, jujuboside B, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, arachidic acid and docosanoic acid in Suanzaoren. Simultaneous separation of these eleven compounds was achieved on a C18 analytical column. The mobile phase consisted of (A) 0.1% aqueous acetic acid and (B) methanol with 0.1% acetic acid using a gradient elution. The drift tube temperature of ELSD was set at 75 degrees C, and nitrogen flow-rate was 1.8l/min. All calibration curves showed good linearity (r(2)>0.9955) within test ranges. This method showed good reproducibility for the quantification of these eleven components in Suanzaoren with intra- and inter-day variations of less than 3.41 and 4.37%, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied to quantify 11 investigated components in nine commercial samples of Suanzaoren.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
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