1
|
Martinengo E, Micarelli P, Reinero FR, Bertelloni F, Fratini F. Antibacterial activity in egg samples from small-spotted catshark Scyliorhinus canicula and nursehound Scyliorhinus stellaris: A preliminary investigation. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 104:1638-1644. [PMID: 38387880 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The study aims to identify antibacterial properties in unfertilized eggs of Scyliorhinus canicula and Scyliorhinus stellaris. Despite challenging marine conditions, these eggs retain their integrity for extended periods and remain unaffected by pathogens. The antibacterial activity was measured using minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration analysis. The eggs of S. stellaris exhibited a slight inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes, whereas both species' eggs showed no activity against gram-negative microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Martinengo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Primo Micarelli
- Sharks Studies Center-Scientific Institute, Massa Marittima, Italy
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | - Filippo Fratini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abd El-Wahed AA, Khalifa SAM, Aldahmash B, Zhang H, Du M, Zhao C, Tahir HE, Saeed A, Hussain H, Guo Z, El-Seedi HR. Exploring the Chemical Constituents and Nutritive Potential of Bee Drone (Apilarnil): Emphasis on Antioxidant Properties. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400085. [PMID: 38329156 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
A lesser-known bee product called drone brood homogenate (DBH, apilarnil) has recently attracted scientific interest for its chemical and biological properties. It contains pharmacologically active compounds that may have neuroprotective, antioxidant, fertility-enhancing, and antiviral effects. Unlike other bee products, the chemical composition of bee drone larva is poorly studied. This study analyzed the chemical compostion of apilarnil using several methods. These included liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and a combination of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with solid phase micro-extraction (SPME/GC-MS). Additionally, antioxidant activity of the apilarnil was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. A chemical assessment of apilarnil showed that it has 6.3±0.00, 74.67±0.10 %, 3.65±0.32 %, 8.80±1.01 %, 13.16±0.94 %, and 8.79±0.49 % of pH, moisture, total lipids, proteins, flavonoids, and carbohydrates, respectively. LC-MS/MS analysis and molecular networking (GNPS) of apilarnil exhibited 44 compounds, including fatty acids, flavonoids, glycerophospholipids, alcohols, sugars, amino acids, and steroids. GC-MS detected 30 volatile compounds in apilarnil, mainly esters (24 %), ketones (23.84 %), ethers (15.05 %), alcohols (11.41 %), fatty acids (10.06), aldehydes (6.73 %), amines (5.46), and alkene (5.53 %). The antioxidant activity of apilarnil was measured using DPPH with an IC50 of 179.93±2.46 μg/ml.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida A Abd El-Wahed
- Department of Bee Research, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, 12627, Egypt
| | - Shaden A M Khalifa
- Psychiatry and Neurology Department, Capio Saint Göran's Hospital, Sankt Göransplan 1, 112 19, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Badr Aldahmash
- Zoology Department, College of science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hongcheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Ming Du
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Haroon Elrasheid Tahir
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, 42351, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hosseini SF, Mousavi Z, McClements DJ. Beeswax: A review on the recent progress in the development of superhydrophobic films/coatings and their applications in fruits preservation. Food Chem 2023; 424:136404. [PMID: 37257280 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the design and fabrication of bio-inspired superhydrophobic materials using natural lipid additives such as beeswax (BW) have aroused great attention in food packaging as they can minimize the transfer rate of water molecules and have effective moisture barriers. This review discusses the recent progress in the design and fabrication of BW-containing edible films/coatings (e.g., emulsion and blend films, bilayer materials, bionanocomposites, and antimicrobial materials) and their potential applications on the postharvest life and quality attributes of various fruits. Incorporation of BW into polysaccharides- and proteins-based emulsion films effectively improved their hydrophobicity, water vapor, and UV/visible light barrier properties, as well as the film tensile properties. The addition of nanoparticles to BW-based polymeric matrices often results in improved physico-mechanical properties. BW coatings have been also applied to prolong the shelf-life of various climacteric fruits, however, optimization of the wax concentration can be further investigated to develop targeted food storage systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Fakhreddin Hosseini
- Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Seafood Processing, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 18 Xuezheng Street, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo X, Liang Y, Yi S, Qiu S, Liu M, Ning F, Luo L. Honeycomb, a New Food Resource with Health Care Functions: The Difference of Volatile Compounds found in Apis cerana and A. mellifera Honeycombs. Foods 2022; 11:3204. [PMCID: PMC9601661 DOI: 10.3390/foods11203204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The honeycomb composition is very complex, containing honey, royal jelly, pollen, and propolis, and thus contains a large number of bioactive ingredients, such as polyphenols and flavonoids. In recent years, honeycomb as a new functional food resource has been favored by many bee product companies, but the basic research on honeycomb is lacking. The aim of this study is to reveal the chemical differences between A. cerana honeycombs (ACC) and A. mellifera honeycombs (AMC). In this paper, we studied the volatile organic components (VOCs) of ACC and AMC by solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). A total of 114 VOCs were identified in 10 honeycombs. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the chemical composition of ACC and AMC were different. Additionally, orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) revealed that benzaldehyde, octanal, limonene, ocimene, linalool, α-terpineol, and decanal are the significant VOCs in AMC extracts, which are mainly derived from propolis. OPLS-DA model also identified 2-phenylethanol, phenethyl acetate, isophorone, 4-oxoisophorone, betula, ethyl phenylacetate, ethyl palmitate, and dihydrooxophorone as potential discriminatory markers of ACC, which likely contribute to protecting the hive against microorganisms and keep it clean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yanlang Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Shengxiang Yi
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Shengrong Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Mingyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Fangjian Ning
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: (F.N.); (L.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-010-68984003 (F.N.); +86-0791-83969519 (L.L.)
| | - Liping Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Correspondence: (F.N.); (L.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-010-68984003 (F.N.); +86-0791-83969519 (L.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang H, Huang C, Xu C, Liu R. Development and characterization of lotus-leaf-inspired bionic antibacterial adhesion film through beeswax. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.100906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
6
|
Yılmaz E, Toksöz B. Flaxseed oil-wax oleogels replacement for tallowfat in sucuk samples provided higher concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids and aromatic volatiles. Meat Sci 2022; 192:108875. [PMID: 35671628 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to partially replace tallowfat with oleogels in sucuk formulations, and compare the samples. Flaxseed oil-sunflower wax (SWO) and beeswax oleogels (BWO) were included at 17.17% in the same recipe against control with tallowfat. Sucuk-BWO had higher fat and lower moisture contents. There were color and pH differences, and weight (16.56%) and cooking loss (16.03%) values were highest in the control sample. Sucuk-SWO and Sucuk-BWO had around 32.20% and 33.32% of polyunsaturated fatty acids, while it was only 1.86% in the control sample. The instrumental texture values of oleogel-containing samples were usually lower. The number of volatiles were 11, 14, and 20 in control, Sucuk-SWO, and Sucuk-BWO samples. Almost all sensory descriptive attributes (appearance, hardness, chewiness, fattiness, juiciness, aroma, and flavor) were lower in the oleogel-containing samples. Likewise, consumer hedonic scores of the oleogel-containing samples were lower. Overall, oleogel replacement in sucuk yielded some nutritional benefits, but improvements are required for other quality traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emin Yılmaz
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, 17020 Çanakkale, Turkey.
| | - Buse Toksöz
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, 17020 Çanakkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The Profile of Polyphenolic Compounds, Contents of Total Phenolics and Flavonoids, and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Bee Products. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041301. [PMID: 35209088 PMCID: PMC8880577 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize bee products (bee bread, bee pollen, beeswax, and multiflorous honey) with the profile of phenolic compounds, total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents, and antioxidant and microbiological properties. The TP and TF contents could be ordered as follows: bee pollen > bee bread > beeswax > honey. The UPLC-PDA-MS/MS analysis allowed identifying 20 polyphenols. Sinapic acid dominated in bee pollen, gallic acid in the bee bread and honey, while pinobanksin was the major compound of beeswax. The data showed that bee pollen and bee bread had a stronger antioxidant potential than honey and beeswax. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of the bee products was studied using 14 bacterial strains. Bee bread's and bee pollen's antimicrobial activity was higher towards Gram-negative strains. In comparison, honey was more potent in inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria. Our study indicates that bee products may represent valuable sources of bioactive compounds offering functional properties.
Collapse
|
8
|
Antibacterial properties of Apis dorsata honey against some bacterial pathogens. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:730-734. [PMID: 35197738 PMCID: PMC8847928 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Now-a-days, different bioproducts are being used extensively for the welfare of mankind. However, for proper utility of any bioproduct, the exact biotechnological potential of that product should be explored. Honey is produced in almost every country on the planet. It has long been used as a medicinal agent in addition to its broader use as a popular food throughout the human history. It can be used to treat various diseases without causing any negative side effects. In the present study, the antibacterial potential of honey produced by A. dorsata was investigated at its variable concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 %) against four pathogenic bacterial species. The highest antimicrobial action was seen against E. coli at 100 % concentration of the honey while showing zone of inhibition of 37.5 ± 3.5 mm. However, the lowest antibacterial action was observed against E. faecalis. The overall order of growth inhibition by the honey at its 100 % concentration for the implicated bacterial species appeared as: E. coli ˃ P. aeruginosa ˃ S. aureus ˃ E. faecalis. The honey couldn’t show antibacterial action at its 25 % concentration. Our findings of the present study will be helpful for utility of the honey as an alternative medicine for curing different complications caused by microbial pathogens.
Collapse
|
9
|
Cilia G, Bortolotti L, Albertazzi S, Ghini S, Nanetti A. Honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies as bioindicators of environmental SARS-CoV-2 occurrence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 805:150327. [PMID: 34543793 PMCID: PMC8438869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Airflows sustain the infection spread, and in densely urbanized areas airborne particulate matters (PMs) are deemed to aggravate the viral transmission. Apis mellifera colonies are used as bioindicators as they allow environmental sampling of different nature, PMs included. This experiment demonstrates for the first time the possible use of honey bee colonies in the SARS-CoV-2 monitoring. The trial was conducted in Bologna on 18 March 2021, when the third wave of the Italian pandemic was at its peak and environmental conditions allowed high PM concentrations in the air. Sterile swabs were lined up at the hive entrance to sample the dusty material on the body of returning foragers. All of them resulted positive for the target genes of viral SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Likewise, internal samples were taken, but they resulted in no amplification of the target sequences. This experiment does not support speculations about the role of honey bees or their products in SARS-CoV-2 transmission. However, it indicates a novel use of A. mellifera colonies in the environmental detection of airborne human pathogens, at least in a densely urbanized area, deserving better understanding and possible integration with data from automatic air samplers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cilia
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Via di Saliceto 80, 40128 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Laura Bortolotti
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Via di Saliceto 80, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sergio Albertazzi
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Via di Saliceto 80, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - Severino Ghini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Nanetti
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Via di Saliceto 80, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Didaras NA, Kafantaris I, Dimitriou TG, Mitsagga C, Karatasou K, Giavasis I, Stagos D, Amoutzias GD, Hatjina F, Mossialos D. Biological Properties of Bee Bread Collected from Apiaries Located across Greece. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050555. [PMID: 34068740 PMCID: PMC8151309 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bee bread is the only fermented product of the beehive. It constitutes the main source of proteins, lipids, vitamins, and macro- and microelements in honeybee nutrition and it exerts antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, though research on these aspects has been limited so far. In this study 18 samples of Greek bee bread, two of which were monofloral, were collected during different seasons from diverse locations such as Crete and Mount Athos and were tested for their bioactivity. Samples were analyzed for their antibacterial properties, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC). The antimicrobial activity of each sample was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Salmonella typhimurium. Our data demonstrate that all samples exert inhibitory and most of them bactericidal activity against at least two pathogens. Furthermore, all samples exert significant antioxidant activity, where the monofloral Castanea Sativa sample demonstrated superior antioxidant activity. Nevertheless, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were not strongly correlated. Furthermore, machine learning methods demonstrated that the palynological composition of the samples is a good predictor of their TPC and ABTS activity. This is the first study that focuses on the biological properties of Greek bee bread and demonstrates that bee bread can be considered a functional food and a possible source of novel antimicrobial compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Asoutis Didaras
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Molecular Bacteriology, Virology, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (N.A.D.); (I.K.); (T.G.D.)
| | - Ioannis Kafantaris
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Molecular Bacteriology, Virology, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (N.A.D.); (I.K.); (T.G.D.)
| | - Tilemachos G. Dimitriou
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Molecular Bacteriology, Virology, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (N.A.D.); (I.K.); (T.G.D.)
| | - Chrysanthi Mitsagga
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (C.M.); (I.G.)
| | - Katerina Karatasou
- Apicultural Centre of Larissa, Federation of Greek Beekeepers Associations, 41222 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Ioannis Giavasis
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece; (C.M.); (I.G.)
| | - Dimitris Stagos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Grigoris D. Amoutzias
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Fani Hatjina
- Department of Apiculture, Institute of Animal Science, Hellenic Agricultural Organisation DEMETER, 63200 Nea Moudania, Greece;
| | - Dimitris Mossialos
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology, Molecular Bacteriology, Virology, Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (N.A.D.); (I.K.); (T.G.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-241-056-5270
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cilia G, Fratini F, Marchi M, Sagona S, Turchi B, Adamchuk L, Felicioli A, Kačániová M. Antibacterial Activity of Honey Samples from Ukraine. Vet Sci 2020; 7:vetsci7040181. [PMID: 33233581 PMCID: PMC7712053 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7040181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The employment of natural substances such as beehive products with a preventive and therapeutic purpose has been a widespread custom since ancient times. In this investigation, the antibacterial activity of 41 honey samples from different Ukraine regions has been evaluated. For each honey, melissopalynological and physico-chemical analysis were performed in order to determine botanical origin, pH, glucose and fructose contents and free acidity. So, antibacterial activity against Staphylococcusaureus CCM 4223, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium CCM 3807 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was assessed through the determination of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) values by the microdilutions method. The results show that the most susceptible bacterial strain was L. monocytogenes. Its growth was inhibited at a honey concentration ranging from 0.094 to 0.188 g/mL. The most resistant bacterial strain was S. aureus. As concerns MBC values, L. monocytogenes was the most susceptible bacteria, while S. aureus was the most resistant. Helianthus spp. honeys was the most effective against all tested bacterial strains, followed by Robinia spp. and multifloral honeys. Promising results for MIC tests have been found for Brassica spp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cilia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 20159 Pisa, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.); (B.T.); (A.F.)
| | - Filippo Fratini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 20159 Pisa, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.); (B.T.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Matilde Marchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 20159 Pisa, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.); (B.T.); (A.F.)
| | - Simona Sagona
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Barbara Turchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 20159 Pisa, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.); (B.T.); (A.F.)
| | - Leonora Adamchuk
- Department of Horse-Breeding and Beekeeping, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Henerala Rodimtseva Str.19, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Antonio Felicioli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 20159 Pisa, Italy; (G.C.); (M.M.); (B.T.); (A.F.)
| | - Miroslava Kačániová
- Department of Fruit Sciences, Viticulture and Enology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia;
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 1, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Qi D, Ma C, Wang W, Zhang L, Li J. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis as a Tool to Reveal Differences Between the Volatile Compound Profile of Royal Jelly Produced from Tea and Pagoda Trees. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01880-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
13
|
Cilia G, Fratini F, Tafi E, Turchi B, Mancini S, Sagona S, Nanetti A, Cerri D, Felicioli A. Microbial Profile of the Ventriculum of Honey Bee ( Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola, 1806) Fed with Veterinary Drugs, Dietary Supplements and Non-Protein Amino Acids. Vet Sci 2020; 7:E76. [PMID: 32517254 PMCID: PMC7357006 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7020076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of veterinary drugs, dietary supplements and non-protein amino acids on the European honey bee (Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola, 1806) ventriculum microbial profile were investigated. Total viable aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, staphylococci, Escherichia coli, lactic acid bacteria, Pseudomonas spp., aerobic bacterial endospores and Enterococcus spp. were determined using a culture-based method. Two veterinary drugs (Varromed® and Api-Bioxal®), two commercial dietary supplements (ApiHerb® and ApiGo®) and two non-protein amino acids (GABA and beta-alanine) were administered for one week to honey bee foragers reared in laboratory cages. After one week, E. coli and Staphylococcus spp. were significantly affected by the veterinary drugs (p < 0.001). Furthermore, dietary supplements and non-protein amino acids induced significant changes in Staphylococcus spp., E. coli and Pseudomonas spp. (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the results of this investigation showed that the administration of the veterinary drugs, dietary supplements and non-protein amino acids tested, affected the ventriculum microbiological profile of Apis mellifera ligustica.GABA; beta-alanine; oxalic acid; diet effect; microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cilia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.T.); (B.T.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Filippo Fratini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.T.); (B.T.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.C.); (A.F.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Tafi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.T.); (B.T.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.C.); (A.F.)
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Barbara Turchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.T.); (B.T.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Simone Mancini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.T.); (B.T.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Simona Sagona
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.T.); (B.T.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.C.); (A.F.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonio Nanetti
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Via di Saliceto 80, 40128 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Domenico Cerri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.T.); (B.T.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.C.); (A.F.)
| | - Antonio Felicioli
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (F.F.); (E.T.); (B.T.); (S.M.); (S.S.); (D.C.); (A.F.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|