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Thangsiri S, Suttisansanee U, Koirala P, Chathiran W, Srichamnong W, Li L, Nirmal N. Phenolic content of Thai Bao mango peel and its in-vitro antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase, and antidiabetic activities. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:104033. [PMID: 38946846 PMCID: PMC11214510 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.104033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant phenolics have been known for various biological activities. This study aims to extract and examine the presence of phenolics in Bao mango (Mangifera indica L. var.) peel ethanolic extract (MPE). Further, antioxidant, anti-diabetic (α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity), and anti- Alzheimer's disease (AD) (acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and β-secretase (BACE-1) inhibitory activity) efficacy of MPE were determined. The results indicated that mangiferin (8755.89 mg/ 100 g extract) was the major phenolic compound in MPE. An antioxidant mechanism revealed that MPE had a higher radical scavenging ability (4266.70 µmol TE/g extract) compared to reducing power (FRAP) or oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC). Further in-vitro enzyme inhibitory assay against diabetic and AD involved enzymes showed that MPE had stronger inhibitory action against an enzyme involved in diabetes compared to their standard drug (Acarbose) (P < 0.05). While a lower IC50 value was observed against AD-involved enzymes compared to their standard drug (donepezil) (P < 0.05). The results show that Thai Bao mango peel byproduct can be a potential source of nutraceuticals to lower diabetes and improve cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinapa Thangsiri
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Uthaiwan Suttisansanee
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Pankaj Koirala
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Wimonphan Chathiran
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Warangkana Srichamnong
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Li Li
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Nilesh Nirmal
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
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Castro-Muñoz R, Cabezas R, Plata-Gryl M. Mangiferin: A comprehensive review on its extraction, purification and uses in food systems. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 329:103188. [PMID: 38761602 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
With the target of fabricating healthier products, food manufacturing companies look for natural-based nutraceuticals that can potentially improve the physicochemical properties of food systems while being nutritive to the consumer and providing additional health benefits (biological activities). In this regard, Mangiferin joins all these requirements as a potential nutraceutical, which is typically contained in Mangifera indica products and its by-products. Unfortunately, knowing the complex chemical composition of Mango and its by-products, the extraction and purification of Mangiferin remains a challenge. Therefore, this comprehensive review revises the main strategies proposed by scientists for the extraction and purification of Mangiferin. Importantly, this review identifies that there is no report reviewing and criticizing the literature in this field so far. Our attention has been targeted on the timely findings on the primary extraction techniques and the relevant insights into isolation and purification. Our discussion has emphasized the advantages and limitations of the proposed strategies, including solvents, extracting conditions and key interactions with the target xanthone. Additionally, we report the current research gaps in the field after analyzing the literature, as well as some examples of functional food products containing Mangiferin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 80 - 233 Gdansk, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Poland.
| | - René Cabezas
- Departamento de Química Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Maksymilian Plata-Gryl
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, 80 - 233 Gdansk, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, Poland
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Zahid HF, Ali A, Legione AR, Ranadheera CS, Fang Z, Dunshea FR, Ajlouni S. Probiotic Yoghurt Enriched with Mango Peel Powder: Biotransformation of Phenolics and Modulation of Metabolomic Outputs after In Vitro Digestion and Colonic Fermentation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108560. [PMID: 37239906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the health-promoting effects and prebiotic functions of mango peel powder (MPP) both as a plain individual ingredient and when incorporated in yoghurt during simulated digestion and fermentation. The treatments included plain MPP, plain yoghurt (YA), yoghurt fortified with MPP (YB), and yoghurt fortified with MPP and lactic acid bacteria (YC), along with a blank (BL). The identification of polyphenols in the extracts of insoluble digesta and phenolic metabolites after the in vitro colonic fermentation were performed employing LC-ESI-QTOF-MS2. These extracts were also subjected to pH, microbial count, production of SCFA, and 16S rRNA analyses. The characterisation of phenolic profiles identified 62 phenolic compounds. Among these compounds, phenolic acids were the major compounds that underwent biotransformation via catabolic pathways such as ring fission, decarboxylation, and dehydroxylation. Changes in pH indicated that YC and MPP reduced the media pH from 6.27 and 6.33 to 4.50 and 4.53, respectively. This decline in pH was associated with significant increases in the LAB counts of these samples. The Bifidobacteria counts were 8.11 ± 0.89 and 8.02 ± 1.01 log CFU/g in YC and MPP, respectively, after 72 h of colonic fermentation. Results also showed that the presence of MPP imparted significant variations in the contents and profiles of individual short chain fatty acids (SCFA) with more predominant production of most SCFA in the MPP and YC treatments. The 16s rRNA sequencing data indicated a highly distinctive microbial population associated with YC in terms of relative abundance. These findings suggested MPP as a promising ingredient for utilisation in functional food formulations aiming to enhance gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafza Fasiha Zahid
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Akhtar Ali
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Alistair R Legione
- Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Chaminda Senaka Ranadheera
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R Dunshea
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Said Ajlouni
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Zhao W, Zeng Y, Chang W, Chen H, Wang H, Dai H, Lv F. Potential α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from the Deep-Sea Sediment-Derived Fungus Aspergillus insulicola. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21030157. [PMID: 36976206 PMCID: PMC10056930 DOI: 10.3390/md21030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Three new phenolic compounds, epicocconigrones C–D (1–2) and flavimycin C (3), together with six known phenolic compounds: epicocconigrone A (4); 2-(10-formyl-11,13-dihydroxy-12-methoxy-14-methyl)-6,7-dihydroxy-5-methyl-4-benzofurancarboxaldehyde (5); epicoccolide B (6); eleganketal A (7); 1,3-dihydro-5-methoxy-7-methylisobenzofuran (8); and 2,3,4-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methylbenzyl-alcohol (9), were isolated from fermentation cultures of a deep-sea sediment-derived fungus, Aspergillus insulicola. Their planar structures were elucidated based on the 1D and 2D NMR spectra and HRESIMS data. The absolute configurations of compounds 1–3 were determined by ECD calculations. Compound 3 represented a rare fully symmetrical isobenzofuran dimer. All compounds were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, and compounds 1, 4–7, and 9 exhibited more potent α-glucosidase inhibitory effect with IC50 values ranging from 17.04 to 292.47 μM than positive control acarbose with IC50 value of 822.97 μM, indicating that these phenolic compounds could be promising lead compounds of new hypoglycemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yanbo Zeng
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
| | - Wenjun Chang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
| | - Huiqin Chen
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Haofu Dai
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Fang Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence:
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Ali A, Cottrell JJ, Dunshea FR. Characterization, Antioxidant Potential, and Pharmacokinetics Properties of Phenolic Compounds from Native Australian Herbs and Fruits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:993. [PMID: 36903854 PMCID: PMC10005590 DOI: 10.3390/plants12050993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, plant bioactive phenolic compounds gained much attention due to their various health benefits. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze native Australian river mint (Mentha australis), bush mint (Mentha satureioides), sea parsley (Apium prostratum), and bush tomatoes (Solanum centrale) for their bioactive metabolites, antioxidant potential, and pharmacokinetics properties. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS was applied to elucidate these plants' composition, identification, and quantification of phenolic metabolites. This study tentatively identified 123 phenolic compounds (thirty-five phenolic acids, sixty-seven flavonoids, seven lignans, three stilbenes, and eleven other compounds). Bush mint was identified with the highest total phenolic content (TPC-57.70 ± 4.57 mg GAE/g), while sea parsley contained the lowest total phenolic content (13.44 ± 0.39 mg GAE/g). Moreover, bush mint was also identified with the highest antioxidant potential compared to other herbs. Thirty-seven phenolic metabolites were semi-quantified, including rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, sagerinic acid, quinic acid, and caffeic acid, which were abundant in these selected plants. The most abundant compounds' pharmacokinetics properties were also predicted. This study will develop further research to identify these plants' nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jeremy J. Cottrell
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Antioxidant, Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibition Activities, In Silico Molecular Docking and Pharmacokinetics Study of Phenolic Compounds from Native Australian Fruits and Spices. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020254. [PMID: 36829816 PMCID: PMC9952698 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Native Australian fruits and spices are enriched with beneficial phytochemicals, especially phenolic compounds, which are not fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze native Australian mountain-pepper berries (Tasmannia lanceolata), rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa), lemon aspen (Acronychia acidula), and strawberry gum (Eucalyptus olida) for phenolic and non-phenolic metabolites and their antioxidant and alpha-glucosidase inhibition activities. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-electrospray ionization coupled with quadrupole time of flight (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) was applied to elucidate the composition, identities, and quantities of bioactive phenolic metabolites in Australian native commercial fruits and spices. This study identified 143 phenolic compounds, including 31 phenolic acids, 70 flavonoids, 10 isoflavonoids, 7 tannins, 3 stilbenes, 7 lignans, 10 other compounds, and 5 limonoids. Strawberry gum was found to have the highest total phenolic content (TPC-36.57 ± 1.34 milligram gallic acid equivalent per gram (mg GAE/g), whereas lemon aspen contained the least TPC (4.40 ± 0.38 mg GAE/g). Moreover, strawberry gum and mountain pepper berries were found to have the highest antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential. In silico molecular docking and pharmacokinetics screening were also conducted to predict the potential of the most abundant phenolic compounds in these selected plants. A positive correlation was observed between phenolic contents and biological activities. This study will encourage further research to identify the nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical potential of these native Australian fruits.
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Zahid HF, Ali A, Ranadheera CS, Fang Z, Ajlouni S. Identification of Phenolics Profile in Freeze-Dried Apple Peel and Their Bioactivities during In Vitro Digestion and Colonic Fermentation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021514. [PMID: 36675061 PMCID: PMC9864335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Freeze-dried apple peel powder (Fd-APP) was subjected to in vitro digestion and colonic fermentation to evaluate the variations in its phenolic composition, bioactivities (antioxidant activity, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibition), and fecal metabolic outputs. A total of 88 phenolics were tentatively identified, of which 51 phenolic compounds were quantitated in Fd-APP sample extracts before digestion, and 34 were released during subsequent phases of digestion. Among these, phenolic acids showed the highest bio accessibility index (BI) of 68%, followed by flavonoids (63%) and anthocyanins (52%). The inhibitory functions of Fd-APP extract against α-amylase and α-glucosidase pre- and post-digestion were moderate and ranged from 41.88 to 44.08% and 35.23 to 41.13%, respectively. Additionally, the antioxidant activities revealed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) decline during the in vitro digestion. However, the colonic fermentation stage presented different products where the intact parent phenolic compounds present in Fd-APP were utilized by gut microbes and produced various phenolic metabolites such as 3- hydroxyphenyl acetic acid (3-HPAA), ferulic acid (FA), 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (3,4 HPPA) and 4- hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA). Furthermore, colonic fermentation of Fd-APP accelerated the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), with acetic acid being the most prevalent (97.53 ± 9.09 mM). The decrease in pH of fermentation media to 4.3 significantly (p ≤ 0.05) enhanced counts of Bifidobacterium (10.27 log CFU/mL), which demonstrated the potential prebiotic effects of Fd-APP. These findings indicated that the consumption of apple peel as a constituent of novel functional foods may support and protect the intestinal microbiota and consequently promote human health.
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Ali A, Kiloni SM, Cáceres-Vélez PR, Jusuf PR, Cottrell JJ, Dunshea FR. Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Activities, and Toxicological Screening of Native Australian Fruits Using Zebrafish Embryonic Model. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244038. [PMID: 36553779 PMCID: PMC9777714 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals play a pivotal role in human health and drug discovery. The safety evaluation of plant extracts is a prerequisite to ensure that all phytochemicals are safe before translational development and human exposure. As phytochemicals are natural, they are generally considered safe, although this is not always true. The objective of this study was to investigate and compare the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and safety evaluation of native Australian Muntries (Kunzea pomifera), Kakadu plum (Terminalia ferdinandiana), Davidson plum (Davidsonia) and Quandong peach (Santalum acuminatum) through the in vivo vertebrate zebrafish embryonic model. The highest total phenolic content (TPC; 793.89 ± 22.27 μg GAE/mg) was quantified in Kakadu plum, while the lowest TPC (614.44 ± 31.80 μg GAE/mg) was quantified in Muntries. Developmental alterations, mortality, and morbidity were assessed for toxicological screening of these selected native Australian fruit extracts. In this study, muntries were quantified as having the least LC50 value (169 mg/L) compared to Davidson plum (376 mg/L), Kakadu plum (>480 mg/L), and Quandong peach (>480 mg/L), which indicates that muntries extract was more toxic than other fruit extracts. Importantly, we found that adverse effects were not correlated to the total phenolic content and antioxidant potential of these native Australian fruits and cannot simply be predicted from the in vitro analysis. Conclusively, these selected native Australian fruit extracts are categorized as safe. This study could explore the use of these native Australian fruits in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sarah M. Kiloni
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Patricia R. Jusuf
- School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jeremy J. Cottrell
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Correspondence:
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Rosalie R, Joas J, Mertz C, Dufossé L, Léchaudel M. Impact of Water Supply Reduction and Cold Storage on Phenolic Compounds from Mango ( Mangifera indica L. cv. Cogshall) Pulp and Peel. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3038. [PMID: 36432765 PMCID: PMC9696205 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of water supply reduction and cold storage were investigated on the peels and pulps of cv. Cogshall mangoes, regarding their phenolic compound contents. Phenolics identification was operated using HPLC-MSn for both compartments revealing an unbalanced repartition. Peels had a richer and more complex profile, counting xanthone glycoside (mangiferin), flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol) and majorly gallotannins. Pulps presented smaller amounts of phenolics and a simpler profile majorly represented by gallotannins and gallic acid derivatives. During fruit ripening, the phenolic contents decreased in both compartments, but faster in the pulp. This behavior can be attributed to the oxidative stress observed in mango pulp during ripening. Cutting down the water supply during the fruit growth triggered an increase in phenolic contents of both the peels and pulp of mango fruits. This increase affected all compounds. Cold storage at 12 or 7 °C led to an increase in mangiferin and flavonoids contents in the fruit peel, interpreted as a stress-response reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Rosalie
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, 97410 Saint-Pierre, France
- Laboratoire CHEMBIOPRO Chimie et Biotechnologie des Substances Naturelles, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Sainte-Clotilde, France
- QualiSud, Université Montpellier, Institut Agro, CIRAD, Avignon Université, Université de la Réunion, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Christian Mertz
- QualiSud, Université Montpellier, Institut Agro, CIRAD, Avignon Université, Université de la Réunion, 34398 Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Laboratoire CHEMBIOPRO Chimie et Biotechnologie des Substances Naturelles, Université de La Réunion, ESIROI Agroalimentaire, Parc Technologique, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France
| | - Mathieu Léchaudel
- QualiSud, Université Montpellier, Institut Agro, CIRAD, Avignon Université, Université de la Réunion, 34398 Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, UMR QualiSud, Guadeloupe, 97130 Capesterre-Belle-Eau, France
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Ali A, Cottrell JJ, Dunshea FR. LC-MS/MS Characterization of Phenolic Metabolites and Their Antioxidant Activities from Australian Native Plants. Metabolites 2022; 12:1016. [PMID: 36355099 PMCID: PMC9698446 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are considered vital bioactive compounds beneficial for human health. The Australian flora is enriched with polyphenols which are not fully characterized yet. Thus, the main objective of this study was to identify and characterize the Australian native sandalwood nuts, wattle seeds, lemongrass, and old man saltbush for phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activities. In this study, we tentatively identified a total of 155 phenolic compounds including 25 phenolic acids, 55 flavonoids, 22 isoflavonoids, 22 tannins, 22 lignans, 33 stilbenes, 33 coumarins and derivatives, 12 tyrosols and derivatives, and 6 phenolic terpenes. The highest total phenolic content (TPC) (15.09 ± 0.88 mg GAE/g) was quantified in lemongrass, while the lowest TPC (4.17 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g) was measured in wattle seeds. The highest total flavonoid content (TFC) and total condensed tannins (TCT) were measured in lemongrass and wattle seeds, respectively. A total of 18 phenolic metabolites were quantified/semi-quantified in this experiment. Lemongrass contains a vast number of phenolic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jeremy J. Cottrell
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R. Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- The Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Functional and Healthy Yogurts Fortified with Probiotics and Fruit Peel Powders. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8090469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of processing waste by-products along with probiotics is an interesting choice to confer potential functional aspects to food products. This study was designed to investigate the nutritional capacity of freeze-dried mango peel powder (MPP) and banana peel powder (BPP) in the presence of a mixture of three probiotic species (1% of each of three probiotics (Lacticaseibacillus casei (431®), Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (LGG®) and Bifidobacterium subsp. Lactis (Bb-12®)) as sources of additional nutrients and prebiotics in fresh and rehydrated freeze-dried (RFD) yogurts for 28 days of refrigerated storage. The net count of probiotics in yogurt fortified with MPP and BPP increased by at least 1 log CFU/g after 4 weeks of refrigerated storage. Adding fruit peel powder (FPP) significantly (p < 0.05) increased fat, ash, and protein contents in both fresh and RFD yogurts in comparison with the control yogurt. Similarly, the total phenolic contents (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AOA) was enhanced significantly (p < 0.05). The TPC reached 2.27 ± 0.18 and 2.73 ± 0.11 mg GAE/g in RFD enriched with BPP and MPP compared to a TPC of 0.31 ± 0.07 mg GAE/g in the control. Additionally, yogurt samples enriched with BPP (Y-5) and MPP (Y-6) demonstrated 12% more sugar contents than non-fortified yogurts (Y-1). Higher titratable acidity and lower pH values were also recorded in the RFD yogurt. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the color parameters were detected in both fresh and RFD yogurts with reduced brightness (L*) and increased redness (a*) of the product. These findings demonstrated the suitability of MPP and BPP in yogurt formulations to optimize the advantages of such synbiotic products with higher availability of phenolic compounds.
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