Controllable preparation of FeOOH/CuO@WBC composite based on water bamboo cellulose applied for enhanced arsenic removal

Recent Advancements in the Field of Chitosan/Cellulose-Based Nanocomposites for Maximizing Arsenic Removal from Aqueous Environment

Water remediation, acknowledged as a significant scientific topic, guarantees the safety of drinking water, considering the diverse range of pollutants that can contaminate it. Among these pollutants, arsenic stands out as a particularly severe threat to human health, significantly compromising the overall quality of life. Despite widespread awareness of the harmful effects of arsenic poisoning, there remains a scarcity of literature on the utilization of biobased polymers as sustainable alternatives for comprehensive arsenic removal in practical concern. Cellulose and chitosan, two of the most prevalent biopolymers in nature, provide a wide range of potential benefits in cutting-edge industries, including water remediation. Nanocomposites derived from cellulose and chitosan offer numerous advantages over their larger equivalents, including high chelating properties, cost-effective production, strength, integrity during usage, and the potential to close the recycling loop. Within the sphere of arsenic remediation, this Review outlines the selection criteria for novel cellulose/chitosan-nanocomposites, such as scalability in synthesis, complete arsenic removal, and recyclability for technical significance. Especially, it aims to give an overview of the historical development of research in cellulose and chitosan, techniques for enhancing their performance, the current state of the art of the field, and the mechanisms underlying the adsorption of arsenic using cellulose/chitosan nanocomposites. Additionally, it extensively discusses the impact of shape and size on adsorbent efficiency, highlighting the crucial role of physical characteristics in optimizing performance for practical applications. Furthermore, this Review addresses regeneration, reuse, and future prospects for chitosan/cellulose-nanocomposites, which bear practical relevance. Therefore, this Review underscores the significant research gap and offers insights into refining the structural features of adsorbents to improve total inorganic arsenic removal, thereby facilitating the transition of green-material-based technology into operational use.

Recent advances in Zizania latifolia: A comprehensive review on phytochemical, health benefits and applications that maximize its value

Zizania latifolia is an aquatic and medicinal plant with a long history of development in China and the East Asian region. The smut fungus "Ustilago esculenta" parasitizes Z. latifolia and induces culm expansion to form a vegetable named Jiaobai, which has a unique taste and nutritional attributes. However, the postharvest quality of water bamboo shoots is still a big challenge for farmers and merchants. This paper traced the origin, development process, and morphological characteristics of Z. latifolia. Subsequently, the compilation of the primary nutrients and bioactive substances are presented in context to their effects on ecology a postharvest storage and preservation methods. Furthermore, the industrial, environmental, and material science applications of Z. latifolia in the fields of industry were discussed. Finally, the primary objective of the review proposes future directions for research to support the development of Z. latifolia industry and aid in maximizing its value. To sum up, Z. latifolia, aside from its potential as material it can be utilized to make different productions and improve the existing applications. This paper provides an emerging strategy for researchers undertaking Z. latifolia.

Cellulose nanocrystal-based polymer hydrogel embedded with iron oxide nanorods for efficient arsenic removal

A cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) polymer hydrogel containing magnetic iron oxide nanorods (Fe3O4NRs) was prepared for As(III) removal in water. Systematic studies on the performance of these prepared CNC-based composite hydrogels for the removal of As(III) have been undertaken. The maximum adsorption capacity of the CNC-g-PAA/qP4VP (CPqP) hydrogel was 241.3 mg/g. After introduction of Fe3O4NRs in the hydrogel, the maximum adsorption capacity of the resulting Fe3O4NRs@CNC-g-PAA/qP4VP (FN@CPqP) hydrogel was further improved to 263.0 mg/g. The high adsorption performance can be attributed to the facts that the 3D interconnected porous network of the hydrogel allows As species to easily enter into the hydrogel, the quaternized P4VP chains provides more adsorption sites, Fe3O4NRs uniformly distributed in the internal cavity of the hydrogel significantly reduces the nanoparticle aggregation. The adsorption kinetics indicated that the adsorption of arsenic by the hydrogel was mainly chemisorption. The isotherm analysis revealed that the adsorption of arsenic by the hydrogel was principally monolayer adsorption on a homogeneous surface. Moreover, the as-prepared CNC-based polymer hydrogels exhibited good stability and reusability with negligible performance loss after five adsorption-desorption cycles. The novel FN@CPqP hydrogel demonstrates great potential as a cost-effective adsorbent for the removal of arsenic contaminants from wastewater.

Bamboo-derived adsorbents for environmental remediation: A review of recent progress

The bamboo family of plants is one of the fastest-growing species in the world. As such, there is an abundance of bamboo residues available for exploitation, especially in southeast Asian, central African and south American regions. The preparation of efficient adsorbents from bamboo residues is an emerging exploitation pathway. Biochars, activated carbons or raw bamboo fibers embedded with nanoparticles, each class of materials has been shown to be highly efficient in adsorption processes. This review aims to summarize recent findings in the application of bamboo-based adsorbents in the removal of organic, inorganic, or gaseous pollutants. Therefore, this review first discusses the preparation methods and surface modification methodologies and their effects on the adsorbent elemental content and other basic properties. The following sections assess the recent progress in the adsorption of heavy metals, organics, and gaseous substances by bamboo-based adsorbents, focusing on the optimum adsorption capacities, adsorption mechanisms and the optimum-fitting kinetic models and isotherms. Finally, research gaps were identified and directions for future research are proposed.

Adsorption removal of arsenic from aqueous solutions and groundwater by isomeric FeOOH

FeOOH as a naturally abundant, relatively low-cost and effective adsorbent have been gradually valued in wastewater field rich in arsenic pollution, which can make for environmental remediation. In this study, FeOOH samples included Gth1/Gth2 as goethite, Aka1/Aka2 as akaganéite, and Lep as lepidocrocite, were prepared and used as adsorbents, and adsorption kinetic and isotherm experiments of As(III) were analyzed. Meanwhile, the effects of pH, adsorbent content, arsenic initial concentration and electrolyte solutions on adsorption processes were also discussed in detail to study adsorption behaviors and mechanism. The results showed that As(III) could be effectively adsorbed on goethite, akaganéite and lepidocrocite, the adsorption equilibrium achieved after 24 h. When As(III) concentration ranged in 40 mg/L, the saturated adsorption amounts (mg/g) calculated by the Langmuir equation were 12.3 (Gth1), 7.50 (Gth2), 6.29 (Aka1), 23.4 (Aka2), and 17.7 (Lep). The increase of adsorbent and adsorbate levels was favorable to improve the adsorption capacities of As(III) within a certain range. Removal efficiency of As(III) with Na₂SO₄ and NaH₂PO₄ as electrolyte reduced by about 10% and 30%, respectively. Therefore, the appropriate parameters in the adsorption process for investigation were isomeric FeOOH of 1.0 g/L, pH 7.0 and NaNO₃ as electrolyte. In simulated groundwater filter system initially with 200 μg/L of arsenic species at about pH 7.0, arsenic removal strength for five FeOOH adsorbents (0.8 g) was Aka2 > Aka1 and Gth1 > Lep and Gth2. Some differences were present in the infrared (IR) spectra of arsenic-loaded and original isomeric FeOOH. These outcomes could give the aim at seeking high efficient materials for the purification of arsenic contaminated groundwater and put out the suggestion.

Sensing and annihilation of ultra-trace level arsenic (III) using fluoranthene decorated fluorescent nanofibrous cellulose probe

Besides presence of heavy metals, especially arsenic in water bodies, northern India is striving to obliterate crop residue, which is otherwise burnt to make the fields ready for subsequent crop, causing acute air pollution. Through this study, an effort has been made to utilize wheat-straw cellulose to develop inexpensive and efficacious sensing cum annihilation system for deleterious arsenite ions As(III) in water by grafting a novel fluorophore, 3-bromofluoranthene on cellulose (BF@CFs). BF@CFs were characterized for structural, morphological and thermal properties using FTIR, XRD, TGA, FESEM, EDS and TEM, which confirmed the successful insertion of fluoranthene molecule on cellulose while preserving its crystalline nanofibrous structure. Fluorescent studies indicated strong affinity of BF@CFs towards arsenite ions exhibiting "turn on" fluorescence response attributed to inhibition of photo induced electron transfer (PET) and metal ion chelation with a limit of detection of 2.8 ng L^-1, lower than WHO prescribed limit of 10 μg L^-1. Besides sensing, the porous fibrous network of BF@CFs exhibited good adsorption of As(III) ions with maximum adsorption of 171.2 μg g^-1 at 35 min under optimized conditions. BF@CFs displayed 95.2% removal efficiency with 2 μg L^-1 concentration of As (III) ions at room temperature and neutral pH observed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer coupled with hydride generation assembly (HG-AAS) measurements. BF@CFs retained adsorption 97.3% efficiency after five adsorption/ desorption cycles displaying excellent reusability and stability, strengthening its potential as dual functional sensor and adsorbent.

Highly Efficient Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Immobilized on Cellulose Nanofibril Aerogels for Arsenic Removal from Water

The application and optimal operation of nanoparticle adsorbents in fixed-bed columns or industrial-scale water treatment applications are limited. This limitation is generally due to the tendency of nanoparticles to aggregate, the use of non-sustainable and inefficient polymeric resins as supporting materials in fixed-bed columns, or low adsorption capacity. In this study, magnesium-doped amorphous iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were synthesized and immobilized on the surface of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) within a lightweight porous aerogel for arsenic removal from water. The IONPs had a specific surface area of 165 m2 g-1. The IONP-containing CNF aerogels were stable in water and under constant agitation due to the induced crosslinking using an epichlorohydrin crosslinker. The adsorption kinetics showed that both As(III) and As(V) adsorption followed a pseudo second-order kinetic model, and the equilibrium adsorption isotherm was best fitted using the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacities of CNF-IONP aerogel for As(III) and As(V) were 48 and 91 mg As g-IONP-1, respectively. The optimum IONP concentration in the aerogel was 12.5 wt.%, which resulted in a maximum arsenic removal, minimal mass loss, and negligible leaching of iron into water.

Waste Cleaning Waste: Combining Alginate with Biowaste-Derived Substances in Hydrogels and Films for Water Cleanup

Biowaste-derived substances isolated from green compost (BBS-GC) are environmentally friendly reactants similar to humic substances, which contain multiple functionalities, that are suitable for adsorbing different kinds of pollutants in wastewater. Herein, sodium alginate (derived from brown algae) cross-linked with both Ca2+ ions and BBS-GC in the form of hydrogels and dried films are proposed as green, easy-to-form, and handleable materials for tertiary water treatments. The results show that both hydrogels and films are mechanically stable and can effectively remove differently charged dyes through an adsorption mechanism that can be described by the Freundlich model. BBS-GC-containing gels always performed better than samples prepared without BBS-GC, revealing that such unconventional materials can integrate waste valorization and water decontamination, potentially providing social and environmental benefits.