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Yang R, Chen J. Heating performance of dual-source microwave heating using different frequency shifting strategies in a solid-state system. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113781. [PMID: 38129065 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state microwave heating holds potential in mitigating the issue of nonuniform heating commonly observed in magnetron-based microwave ovens. Previous work on solid-state application primarily focused on single-source microwave heating and modeling of dual-source heating with fixed frequency combinations. This study experimentally investigated the port interactions and heating performance of four different frequency shifting approaches (in range of 2.4 and 2.5 GHz, at an interval of 0.01 GHz), i.e., Fixed-frequency without shifting, Synchronized-shifting, Inverse-shifting and Distinct-shifting, in a dual-source microwave system under both stationary and rotatory conditions. Results showed that port interactions were dependent on the microwave frequency and load position, both of which significantly affected the microwave power efficiency. All three shifting strategies significantly improved heating performance compared to the Fixed-frequency heating. Additionally, the use of a turntable in our dual-source microwave configuration did not improve the heating uniformity in the context of various frequency shifting processes, suggesting that the inclusion of a turntable might be dispensable in solid-state microwave systems if proper multi-port frequency shifting strategy could deliver more uniform heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yang
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
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Xue Q, Xue C, Luan D, Wang Y, Wen Y, Bi S, Xu L, Jiang X. Unlocking the Potential of Microwave Sterilization Technology in Ready-to-Eat Imitation Crab Meat Production. Foods 2023; 12:4412. [PMID: 38137216 PMCID: PMC10743175 DOI: 10.3390/foods12244412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Microwave sterilization is a novel potential sterilization technology to improve food quality. An industrial microwave sterilization system was used to sterilize imitation crab meat under thermal processing intensity F0 = 1, 2, 3. The characteristics of the microwave process, such as heating rate, processing time, and C100, were calculated. In addition, the quality of processed imitation crab meat was investigated. Compared with the conventional retort method, microwave sterilization significantly shortened the processing time of imitation crab meat by 63.71% to 72.45%. Under the same thermal processing intensity, microwave sterilization has demonstrated better results than retort sterilization in terms of water-holding capacity, color, and texture. Furthermore, microwave-treated imitation crab meat ingredients had a greater capacity to bind water molecules and obtained a more appropriate secondary protein structure. In addition, microwave technology can better preserve the unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) of imitation crab meat, which are 9.14%, 1.19%, and 0.32% higher than the traditional method at F0 = 1, 2, 3. The results would provide useful data for the subsequent research and development of ready-to-eat surimi products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Xue
- Food Science & Human Health Laboratory, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.X.); (Y.W.); (X.J.)
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- Food Science & Human Health Laboratory, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.X.); (Y.W.); (X.J.)
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Donglei Luan
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
| | - Yajing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
| | - Yunqi Wen
- Food Science & Human Health Laboratory, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.X.); (Y.W.); (X.J.)
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shijie Bi
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
| | - Lili Xu
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Xiaoming Jiang
- Food Science & Human Health Laboratory, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (Q.X.); (Y.W.); (X.J.)
- Qingdao Institute of Marine Bioresources for Nutrition & Health Innovation, Qingdao 266109, China
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Irreversible thermochromic ink in the identification of over- and under-processed product segments in microwave-assisted freeze drying. J FOOD ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2023.111470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Taghian Dinani S, Broekema NL, Boom R, van der Goot AJ. Investigation potential of hydrocolloids in meat analogue preparation. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.108199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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A Comprehensive Evaluation of Microwave Reheating Performance Using Dynamic Complementary-Frequency Shifting Strategy in a Solid-State System. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02974-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Dynamic solid-state microwave defrosting strategy with shifting frequency and adaptive power improves thawing performance. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.103157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Method for Solving the Microwave Heating Temperature Distribution of the TE10 Mode. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10071377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Microwave heating is a process in which the electric, magnetic, and temperature fields are coupled with each other and are characterised by strong non-linearity, high time variability, and infinite dimensionality. This paper proposes a method for predicting the microwave heating temperature distribution of the TE10 mode, because the traditional numerical calculation method is not conducive to designing microwave controllers. First, the spatial distribution of the main electromagnetic mode TE10 waves in a rectangular waveguide was analysed using the principal mode analysis method. An expression for the transient dissipated power and a heat balance equation with infinite-dimensional characteristics were constructed. Then, the microwave heating model was decomposed into electromagnetic and temperature field submodels. A time discretization approach was used to approximate the transient constant dielectric constant. The heating medium was meshed to solve the electric field strength and transient dissipated power in discrete domains, and the temperature distribution was obtained by substituting this value into the finite-dimensional temperature field submodel. Finally, the validity of the proposed numerical model was verified by comparing the results with the numerical results obtained with the conventional finite element method. The methodology presented in this paper provides a solid basis for designing microwave heating controllers.
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Kalinke I, Kubbutat P, Taghian Dinani S, Ambros S, Ozcelik M, Kulozik U. Critical assessment of methods for measurement of temperature profiles and heat load history in microwave heating processes-A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:2118-2148. [PMID: 35338578 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Limitations of microwave processing due to inhomogeneities of power input and energy absorption have been widely described. Over- and underheated product areas influence reproducibility, product quality, and possibly safety. Although a broad range of methods is available for temperature measurement and evaluation of time/temperature effects, none of them is sufficiently able to detect temperature differences and thermally induced effects within the product caused by inhomogeneous heating. The purpose of this review is to critically assess different methods of temperature measurement for their suitability for different microwave applications, namely metallic temperature sensors, thermal imaging, pyrometer measurement, fiber optic sensors, microwave radiometry, magnetic resonance imaging, liquid crystal thermography, thermal paper, and biological and chemical time-temperature indicators. These methods are evaluated according to their advantages and limitations, method characteristics, and potential interference with the electric field. Special attention is given to spatial resolution, accuracy, handling, and purpose of measurement, that is, development work or online production control. Differences of methods and examples of practical application and failure in microwave-assisted food processing are discussed with a special focus on microwave pasteurization and microwave-assisted drying. Based on this assessment, it is suggested that infrared cameras for measuring temperature distribution at the product surface and partially inside the product in combination with a chemical time/temperature indicator (e.g., Maillard reaction, generating heat-induced color variations, depending on local energy absorption) appear to be the most appropriate system for future practical application in microwave food process control, microwave system development, and product design. Reliable detection of inhomogeneous heating is a prerequisite to counteracte inhomogeneity by a targeted adjustment of process and product parameters in microwave applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Kalinke
- Food and Bioprocess Engineering, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Peter Kubbutat
- Food and Bioprocess Engineering, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Somayeh Taghian Dinani
- Food and Bioprocess Engineering, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Sabine Ambros
- Food and Bioprocess Engineering, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Mine Ozcelik
- Food and Bioprocess Engineering, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kulozik
- Food and Bioprocess Engineering, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
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Altin O, Skipnes D, Skåra T, Erdogdu F. A computational study for the effects of sample movement and cavity geometry in industrial scale continuous microwave systems during heating and thawing processes. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2022.102953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Taghian Dinani S, Jenn A, Kulozik U. Effect of Vertical and Horizontal Sample Orientations on Uniformity of Microwave Heating Produced by Magnetron and Solid-State Generators. Foods 2021; 10:1986. [PMID: 34574103 PMCID: PMC8472756 DOI: 10.3390/foods10091986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effect of different horizontal and vertical orientations of a model sample (cuboid gellan gel samples containing Maillard reactants) on microwave heat processing was investigated in the solid-state and magnetron microwave systems. To achieve this target, seven orientations inside both microwave cavities were defined. Two of the investigated sample orientations were in a vertical position with and without turntable rotation, and five in a horizontal position. Furthermore, samples at horizontal orientations were put at an angle position without turntable rotation. To analyze the microwave heating patterns, infrared (IR) pictures and photographs of the gellan gel samples were taken after processing to document IR-based thermal and Maillard color changes, respectively. Three main factors for improvement of the heating homogeneity were identified: first, processing samples in the solid-state microwave system; second, position variation of the sample by turntable activated; and third, horizontal orientation. In addition, it was observed that placing the gellan gel samples in a vertical position in the magnetron microwave system resulted in considerably more absorbed power and a more uniform microwave heat processing compared to other horizontal orientations in this system. This indicated a non-uniform microwave field distribution. The results of this study can also confirm the importance of designing suitable food packaging: a vertical shape for more microwave energy absorbance and thus, more energy efficiency, and a horizontal shape for more uniform microwave heat processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Taghian Dinani
- Chair of Food and Bioprocess Engineering, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (A.J.); (U.K.)
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