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Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation of Soils Contaminated with Decachlorobiphenyl (PCB-209) Using Native Bacterial Strains Individually and in Consortia. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14159068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Historically, microorganisms have proven to be efficient alternatives for the removal of PCBs, since these contaminants continue to be a major problem for human health and the environment. In this work, the removal of decachlorobiphenyl (PCB-209) was evaluated using native bacterial strains individually and in consortia through biostimulation and bioaugmentation processes. Bacillus sp. DCB13, Staphylococcus sp. DCB28, and Acinetobacter sp. DCB104 were biostimulated in a minimal medium that initially contained biphenyl and later PCB-209 for adaptation as a carbon source. The removal potential of PCB-209 by bacterial strains was evaluated in a bioaugmentation process under aerobic conditions. Using a completely randomized design, ten different treatments were evaluated. Finally, the bacterial growth (CFU/g of soil) and the chemical characteristics of the bioaugmented soil were determined, as was the content of PCB-209 removed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Strains DCB13, DCB28, and DCB104 showed cell growth (>3.4 × 105 CFU/mL) during 120 h of biostimulation, with a marked difference between treatments with biphenyl compared with those where PCB-209 was added. Strains DCB13 and DCB104 (3.4 × 105 CFU/mL and 2.0 × 106 CFU/mL, respectively) grew better with PCB-209, while DCB28 grew better with biphenyl (4.5 × 106 CFU/mL). In bioaugmented soils contaminated with PCB-209, the strains showed maximum growth when inoculated in a consortium (>2.0 × 104 CFU/g). The results showe that the range of the bacterial elimination of PCB-209 in the treatments was from 9.58 to 17.33 mg/kg. The highest elimination potential of PCB-209 was obtained when the bacterial strains were inoculated in a consortium. These findings open a wide perspective for the use of native bacteria for the cleaning and restoration of soils contaminated by toxic chemicals.
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Lin Q, Zhou X, Zhang S, Gao J, Xie M, Tao L, Sun F, Shen C, Hashmi MZ, Su X. Oxidative dehalogenation and mineralization of polychlorinated biphenyls by a resuscitated strain Streptococcus sp. SPC0. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112648. [PMID: 34990605 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Most functional microorganisms cannot be cultivated due to entering a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state, which limits the characterization and application of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-degrading strains. Resuscitating VBNC bacteria could provide huge candidates for obtaining high-efficient PCB degraders. However, limited studies have focused on the ability of resuscitated strains for PCBs degradation. In the present study, whole-genome analysis of a resuscitated strain SPC0, and its performances in degradation of three prevalent PCB congeners (PCBs 18, 52 and 77) were investigated. The results indicate that the strain SPC0 belonged to the genus Streptococcus, possessed the degradation potential for aromatic xenobiotics. The SPC0 could effectively degrade PCBs 18 and 52, but exhibited lower degradation efficiency of PCB 77. Degradation of PCBs 18 and 52 could be fitted well by zero-order model, whereas the fittest model for PCB 77 degradation was pseudo second-order kinetics. The bph genes expression, chloride ions release and degradation metabolites identification, suggest that SPC0 possessed the capability of oxidative dehalogenation and mineralization of PCBs. Interestingly, SPC0 can degrade PCBs via the bph-encoded biphenyl pathway, and further mineralize metabolite dichlorobenzoate via protocatechuate pathway. This study is the first to show that a strain belonging to genus Streptococcus possessed PCB-degrading capability, which uncovered the powerful potential of resuscitated strains for bioremediation of PCB-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihua Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Xinru Zhou
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- The Management Center of Wuyanling National Natural Reserve in Zhejiang, Wenzhou, 325500, China
| | - Junliang Gao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Mengqi Xie
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Linqin Tao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Faqian Sun
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Chaofeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | | | - Xiaomei Su
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
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Weiland-Bräuer N, Fischer MA, Schramm KW, Schmitz RA. Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB)-Degrading Potential of Microbes Present in a Cryoconite of Jamtalferner Glacier. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1105. [PMID: 28663747 PMCID: PMC5471330 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming to comprehensively survey the potential pollution of an alpine cryoconite (Jamtalferner glacier, Austria), and its bacterial community structure along with its biodegrading potential, first chemical analyses of persistent organic pollutants, explicitly polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) as well as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), revealed a significant contamination. In total, 18 PCB congeners were detected by high resolution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with a mean concentration of 0.8 ng/g dry weight; 16 PAHs with an average concentration of 1,400 ng/g; and 26 out of 29 OCPs with a mean concentration of 2.4 ng/g. Second, the microbial composition was studied using 16S amplicon sequencing. The analysis revealed high abundances of Proteobacteria (66%), the majority representing α-Proteobacteria (87%); as well as Cyanobacteria (32%), however high diversity was due to 11 low abundant phyla comprising 75 genera. Biodegrading potential of cryoconite bacteria was further analyzed using enrichment cultures (microcosms) with PCB mixture Aroclor 1242. 16S rDNA analysis taxonomically classified 37 different biofilm-forming and PCB-degrading bacteria, represented by Pseudomonas, Shigella, Subtercola, Chitinophaga, and Janthinobacterium species. Overall, the combination of culture-dependent and culture-independent methods identified degrading bacteria that can be potential candidates to develop novel bioremediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Weiland-Bräuer
- Institute for General Microbiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu KielKiel, Germany
| | - Martin A. Fischer
- Institute for General Microbiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu KielKiel, Germany
| | - Karl-Werner Schramm
- Molecular EXposomics, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbHNeuherberg, Germany
| | - Ruth A. Schmitz
- Institute for General Microbiology, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu KielKiel, Germany
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Degradation of PCBs in dry fermented sausages during drying/ripening. Food Chem 2016; 213:246-250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Polak ML, Demšar L, Kirinčič S, Kozolc B, Polak T. Degradation of PCBs in liquid media: Effects of commercial meat starters. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lušnic M, Polak T, Gašperlin L, Absec A, Kirinčič S, Kozolc B, Žlender B. Degradation of PCBs in a frankfurter-type meat emulsion: Effects of a meat starter, its proteins extract and thermal treatments. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:2643-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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