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Khadem S, Marles RJ. Natural 3,4-Dihydro-2(1 H)-quinolinones - part III: biological activities. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38795182 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2357663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
Natural products have played a crucial role in drug discovery, but their development is hindered by challenges such as inadequate availability and complex synthesis methods. However, both natural and synthetic compounds that have the core structure of 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone, also known as 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (2O-THQ), display a diverse array of effects in both central and peripheral tissues, with some showing therapeutic potential in treating various disorders. Despite the significance of this family of compounds, the current literature lacks comprehensive coverage of their biological functions. This article aims to address this gap by extensively reviewing the biological activities of 2O-THQ alkaloids from diverse organisms and exploring their potential to serve as a source of innovative bioactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Khadem
- Safe Environments Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Robin J Marles
- Retired Senior Scientific Advisor, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
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Liu S, Yang YC, Yang YQ, Li X, Wang P, Li YL, Deng J. Asymmetric Tandem Michael Addition/Interrupted Nef Reactions of Nitromethane with Oxindole-Derived Alkenes: Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiro-polycyclic Oxindoles. Org Lett 2024; 26:3279-3283. [PMID: 38578864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Chiral spiro-polycyclic oxindoles are valuable heterocyclic ring systems that are widely distributed in natural alkaloids and biologically active compounds. Herein, we reported an asymmetric tandem Michael addition/interrupted Nef reaction of nitromethane with oxindole-derived alkenes catalyzed by a chiral 2-aminobenzimidazole bifunctional organocatalyst. A series of novel enantiomerically enriched spiro-polycyclic oxindole derivatives bearing an oxime group were synthesized in moderate to excellent isolated yields (up to 99%) with an excellent level of enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee). Furthermore, the antiproliferation activity of the resulting oxindoles derivatives were evaluated, and compound 2d demonstrated promising anticancer properties against HCT116 (IC50 = 14.08 μM) and HT29 (IC50 = 15.46 μM) cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengshu Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yu-Chen Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yong-Qi Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xin Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yin-Long Li
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta 30322, Georgia, United States
| | - Jun Deng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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Chaudhari SS, Nichinde CB, Patil BR, Girase AS, Rama Krishna G, Kinage AK. Base controlled rongalite-mediated reductive aldol/cyclization and dimerization of isatylidene malononitriles/cyanoacetates. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1727-1732. [PMID: 38318869 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01794j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a novel methodology involving a base-controlled, rongalite-mediated reductive/aldol reaction, followed by cyclization of isatylidene malononitriles/cyanoacetates, resulting in the synthesis of spiro[2,3-dihydrofuran-3,3'-oxindole]. Additionally, we have disclosed a rongalite-mediated dimerization process for isatylidene malononitriles, yielding dispiro[cyclopent-3'-ene]bisoxindole. The utilization of rongalite in this reaction serves a dual purpose, acting both as a reducing agent and a C1 synthon. The developed approach has several advantages like a simple reaction setup, a wide substrate scope, requiring less time, using water as a green solvent, no metal or catalyst is required and products can be easily isolated via filtration with excellent yields under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryakant S Chaudhari
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 410008, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Chandrakant B Nichinde
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 410008, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Baliram R Patil
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 410008, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Amardipsing S Girase
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 410008, India.
| | - Gamidi Rama Krishna
- Organic Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National, Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Pune 411008, India
| | - Anil K Kinage
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 410008, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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Li H, Peng L, Yin F, Fang J, Cai L, Zhang C, Xiang Z, Zhao Y, Zhang S, Sheng H, Wang D, Zhang X, Liang Z. Research on Coix seed as a food and medicinal resource, it's chemical components and their pharmacological activities: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117309. [PMID: 37858750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen (Romanet du Caillaud) Stapf is a plant of the genus Coix in the Gramineae family. Coix seed is cultivated in various regions throughout China. In recent years, with the research on the medicinal value of Coix seed, it has received more and more widespread attention from people. Numerous pharmacological effects of Coix seed have been demonstrated through modern pharmacological studies, such as hypoglycemia, improving liver function, anti-tumor, regulating intestinal microbiota, improving spleen function, and anti-inflammatory effects. AIMS OF THE STUDY This article is a literature review. In recent years, despite the extensive research on Coix seed, there has yet to be a comprehensive review of its traditional usage, medicinal resources, chemical components, and pharmacological effects is still lacking. To fill this gap, the paper provides an overview of the latest research progress on Coix seed, aiming to offer guidance and references for its further development and comprehensive utilization. MATERIAL AND METHODS To gather information on the traditional usage, phytochemical ingredients, and pharmacological properties of Coix seed, we conducted a literature search using both Chinese and English languages in five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Springer. RESULTS This article is a literature review. The chemical constituents of Coix seed include various fatty acids, esters, polysaccharides, sterols, alkaloids, triterpenes, tocopherols, lactams, lignans, phenols, flavonoids and other constituents. Modern pharmacological research has indeed shown that Coix seed has many pharmacological effects and is a natural anti-tumor drug. In addition to its anti-tumor effect, it also has pharmacological effects such as hypoglycemia, improving liver function, regulating intestinal microbiota, improving spleen function, and anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSIONS This article provides a brief overview of the traditional uses, biotechnological applications, chemical components, and pharmacological effects of Coix seed. It highlights the importance of establishing quality standards, discovering new active ingredients, and exploring pharmacological mechanisms in Coix seed research. The article also emphasizes the significance of clinical trials, toxicology studies, pharmacokinetics data, and multidisciplinary collaboration for further advancements in this field. Overall, it aims to enhance understanding of Coix seed and its potential in pharmaceutical development and wellness products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongju Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Lingxia Peng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Feng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jiahao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Lietao Cai
- R&D Center of Kanglaite, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | | | - Zheng Xiang
- Medical School, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Yuyang Zhao
- State Key Lab Breeding Base Dao-Di Herbs, National Resource Center Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shuifeng Zhang
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Fangyuan Test Group Co., LTD, Hanghzou, 310018, China
| | - Huadong Sheng
- Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Fangyuan Test Group Co., LTD, Hanghzou, 310018, China
| | - Dekai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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Tang X, Wang Z, Zheng J, Kan J, Chen G, Du M. Physicochemical, structure properties and in vitro hypoglycemic activity of soluble dietary fiber from adlay ( Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) bran treated by steam explosion. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1124012. [PMID: 36819706 PMCID: PMC9937059 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1124012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To enhance the content of adlay bran soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and improve its functionality, we investigated the influences of steam explosion (SE) on the physicochemical, structural properties, and in vitro hypoglycemic activities of adlay bran SDF. The cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents of adlay bran decreased significantly after SE treatment. When the SE strength was 0.8 MPa for 3 min, the SDF content was 9.37%, which was a significant increase of 27.48% compared to the control. Under these conditions, SDF showed the highest oil-holding capacity (OHC) (2.18 g/g), cholesterol adsorption capacity (CAC) (27.29 mg/g), glucose adsorption capacity (GAC) (15.54 mg/g), glucose dialysis retardation index (GDRI) (36.57%), and α-Amylase activity inhibition ratio (α-AAIR) (74.14%). Compared with SDF from untreated adlay bran, SDF from SE-treated adlay bran showed lower weight molecular. In addition, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement showed that the peak temperature of SDF from adlay bran treated by SE increased by 4.19°C compared to the untreated SDF sample. The structure of SDF from adlay bran treated by SE showed that the SDF surface was rough and poriferous and the specific surface areas increased. In conclusion, SE pretreatment increases the content of SDF in adlay bran and improves its physicochemical, structural properties, and biological activities, which will be beneficial for the further exploitation of adlay bran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjing Tang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiong Zheng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianquan Kan
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangjing Chen
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Muying Du
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China,Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science, Chongqing, China,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Muying Du,
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Pan X, Shen Q, Zhang C, Zhang X, Li Y, Chang Z, Pang B. Coicis Semen for the treatment of malignant tumors of the female reproductive system: A review of traditional Chinese medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1129874. [PMID: 36909176 PMCID: PMC9995914 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1129874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Coicis Semen is an important food product and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) derived from the dried and mature seeds of Coix lacryma-jobi L.var.ma-yuen (Roman.) Stapf. An increasing number of studies have investigated its use, either alone or in combination with other botanical drugs, to treat female reproductive system malignancies, and its pharmacological effects have been confirmed clinically. This review aims to provide an overview of Coicis Semen's historical role in treating female reproductive system malignancies based on TCM theory, to summarize clinical trials results, and to analyze information pertaining to the main phytochemical components, pharmacokinetics, related anti-cancer pharmacological effects, and toxicology of Coicis Semen. Information on Coicis Semen was collected from internationally accepted scientific databases. Seventy-four clinical trials were identified that used Coicis Semen in combination with other Chinese medicine to treat female reproductive system malignancies, most of which demonstrated good anti-tumor efficacy and few adverse reactions. To date, more than 80 individual compounds have been isolated from this botanical drug. In terms of anti-tumor effects, Coix seed oil has been studied the most. Pharmacokinetic data suggest that the active ingredients in Coicis Semen are widely distributed after administration, and Coicis Semen and its active compounds play a beneficial role in treating female reproductive system malignancies. Mechanistically, the anti-cancer effects may be related to inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and promotion of apoptosis, inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, suppression of the chronic inflammatory microenvironment of tumors, modulation of immune function, and regulation of the female reproductive system. Most acute toxicity and genotoxicity studies have shown that Coicis Semen is non-toxic. However, the existing studies have many limitations, and the future research direction should emphasize 1) the relationship between drug concentration and pharmacological action as well as toxicity; 2) the structural modification or the synthesis of analogues led by the active ingredients of Coicis Semen to enhance pharmacological activities and bioavailability; 3) accurately revealing the anti-cancer pharmacological effects of Coicis Semen and its compounds through multi-omics technology. We hope that this review can determine future directions and inform novel drug development for treating female reproductive malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Pan
- Post-doctoral Mobile Station, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Shen
- International Medical Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanlong Zhang
- International Medical Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- International Medical Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Chang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Pang
- International Medical Department, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chen Z, Shen Z. Nickel-catalyzed asymmetric reductive arylcyanation of alkenes with acetonitrile as the cyano source. Org Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01727j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chiral 3-cyanomethyl oxindoles were synthesized in high enantioselectivities and yields. The employment of acetonitrile as a cyano source via Zn(OTf)2-assisted β-carbon elimination is distinct from the common cyanation reaction modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenbang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zengming Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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Analysis of metabolites of coix seed fermented by Monascus purpureus. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Han S, Kim H, Lee MY, Lee J, Ahn KS, Ha IJ, Lee SG. Anti-Cancer Effects of a New Herbal Medicine PSY by Inhibiting the STAT3 Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer Cells and Its Phytochemical Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314826. [PMID: 36499154 PMCID: PMC9740770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an inflammation-associated common cancer worldwide. Paejang-san and Mori Cortex Radicis have been traditionally used for treating intestinal inflammatory diseases in Korea and China. In the present study, we developed a new herbal formula as an alternative to CRC treatments, which is composed of two main components of Paejangsan (Patriniae Radix (Paejang in Korean) and Coix Seed (Yiyiin in Korean)), and Mori Cortex Radicis (Sangbekpi in Korean) based on the addition and subtraction theory in traditional medicine, hence the name PSY, and explored the potential therapeutic effects of the new formula PSY in human CRC cells by analyzing viability, cell cycle and apoptosis. We found that PSY ethanol extract (EtOH-Ex), but not water extract, significantly suppressed the viability of human CRC cells, and synergistically decreased the cell proliferation compared to each treatment of Patriniae Radix and Coix Seed extract (PY) or Mori Cortex Radicis extract (S), suggesting the combination of PY and S in a 10-to-3 ratio for the formula PSY. PSY EtOH-Ex in the combination ratio reduced cell viability but induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M and sub-G1 phases as well as apoptosis in CRC cells. In addition, the experimental results of Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and reporter assays showed that PSY also inhibited STAT3 by reducing its phosphorylation and nuclear localization, which resulted in lowering STAT3-mediated transcriptional activation. In addition, PSY regulated upstream signaling molecules of STAT3 by inactivating JAK2 and Src and increasing SHP1. Moreover, the chemical profiles of PSY from UPLC-ESI-QTOF MS/MS analysis revealed 38 phytochemicals, including seven organic acids, eight iridoids, two lignans, twelve prenylflavonoids, eight fatty acids, and one carbohydrate. Furthermore, 21 potentially bioactive compounds were highly enriched in the PSY EtOH-Ex compared to the water extract. Together, these results indicate that PSY suppresses the proliferation of CRC cells by inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway, suggesting PSY as a potential therapeutic agent for treating CRC and 21 EtOH-Ex-enriched phytochemicals as anti-cancer drug candidates which may act by inhibiting STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghee Han
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hail Kim
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Lee
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02454, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhee Lee
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02454, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - In Jin Ha
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02454, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (I.J.H.); (S.-G.L.); Tel.: +82-958-9493 (I.J.H.); +82-2-961-2355 (S.-G.L.)
| | - Seok-Geun Lee
- Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center, Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital, Seoul 02454, Republic of Korea
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (I.J.H.); (S.-G.L.); Tel.: +82-958-9493 (I.J.H.); +82-2-961-2355 (S.-G.L.)
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Ding Z, Kong W. Synthesis of Carbonyl-Containing Oxindoles via Ni-Catalyzed Reductive Aryl-Acylation and Aryl-Esterification of Alkenes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185899. [PMID: 36144635 PMCID: PMC9503384 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbonyl-containing oxindoles are ubiquitous core structures present in many biologically active natural products and pharmaceutical molecules. Nickel-catalyzed reductive aryl-acylation of alkenes using aryl anhydrides or alkanoyl chlorides as acyl sources is developed, providing 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles bearing ketone functionality at the 3-position. Moreover, nickel-catalyzed reductive aryl-esterification of alkenes using chloroformate as ester sources is further developed, affording 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles bearing ester functionality at the 3-position. This strategy has the advantages of good yields and high functional group compatibility.
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Zeng Y, Yang J, Chen J, Pu X, Li X, Yang X, Yang L, Ding Y, Nong M, Zhang S, He J. Actional Mechanisms of Active Ingredients in Functional Food Adlay for Human Health. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154808. [PMID: 35956759 PMCID: PMC9369982 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Medicinal and food homologous adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen Stapf) plays an important role in natural products promoting human health. We demonstrated the systematic actional mechanism of functional ingredients in adlay to promote human health, based on the PubMed, CNKI, Google, and ISI Web of Science databases from 1988 to 2022. Adlay and its extracts are rich in 30 ingredients with more than 20 health effects based on human and animal or cell cultures: they are anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity, liver protective, anti-virus, gastroprotective, cardiovascular protective, anti-hypertension, heart disease preventive, melanogenesis inhibiting, anti-allergy, endocrine regulating, anti-diabetes, anti-cachexia, osteoporosis preventive, analgesic, neuroprotecting, suitable for the treatment of gout arthritis, life extending, anti-fungi, and detoxifying effects. Function components with anti-oxidants are rich in adlay. These results support the notion that adlay seeds may be one of the best functional foods and further reveal the action mechanism of six major functional ingredients (oils, polysaccharides, phenols, phytosterols, coixol, and resistant starch) for combating diseases. This review paper not only reveals the action mechanisms of adding adlay to the diet to overcome 17 human diseases, but also provides a scientific basis for the development of functional foods and drugs for the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zeng
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
- Correspondence: or (Y.Z.); (J.H.); Tel.: +86-871-65894145 (Y.Z.)
| | - Jiazhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, Kunming 650205, China;
| | - Jia Chen
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xiaoying Pu
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xia Li
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Xiaomeng Yang
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Li’e Yang
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yumei Ding
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Agricultural Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650205, China; (J.C.); (X.P.); (X.L.); (X.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Mingying Nong
- Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan 663099, China; (M.N.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shibao Zhang
- Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan 663099, China; (M.N.); (S.Z.)
| | - Jinbao He
- Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenshan 663099, China; (M.N.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: or (Y.Z.); (J.H.); Tel.: +86-871-65894145 (Y.Z.)
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Matsuo BT, Oliveira PHR, Pissinati EF, Vega KB, de Jesus IS, Correia JTM, Paixao M. Photoinduced carbamoylation reactions: unlocking new reactivities towards amide synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8322-8339. [PMID: 35843219 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02585j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of amide-containing compounds is among the most interesting and challenging topics for the synthetic community. Such relevance is given by their reactive aspects explored in the context of organic synthesis and by the direct application of these compounds as pharmaceuticals and useful materials, and their key roles in biological structures. A simple and straightforward strategy for the amide moiety installation is the use of carbamoyl radicals - this nucleophilic one-electron intermediate is prone to undergo a series of transformations, providing a range of structurally relevant derivatives. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the field from the perspective of photoinduced protocols. To this end, their synthetic applications are organized accordingly to the nature of the radical precursor (formamides through HAT, 4-substituted-1,4-dihydropyridines, oxamic acids, and N-hydroxyphthalimido esters), the mechanistic aspects also being highlighted. The discussion also includes a recent approach proceeding via photolytic C-S cleavage of dithiocarbamate-carbamoyl intermediates. By exploring fundamental concepts, this material aims to offer an understanding of the topic, which will encourage and facilitate the design of new synthetic strategies applying the carbamoyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca T Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil. .,Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA
| | - Pedro H R Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Emanuele F Pissinati
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Kimberly B Vega
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Iva S de Jesus
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Jose Tiago M Correia
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Paixao
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil.
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13
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Huda N, Li X, Jahan T, He Y, Guan C, Zhang K, Gao A, Georgiev MI, Zhou M. Acceleration of the genetic gain for nutraceutical improvement of adlay ( Coix L.) through genomic approaches: current status and future prospects. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2067175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Huda
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Southwest Guizhou Institute of Karst Regional Development, Xingyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Tanzim Jahan
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuqi He
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaonan Guan
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ainong Gao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Milen I. Georgiev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
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14
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An approach for preparing 3,3-disubstituted oxindole from acyclic tetrasubstituted aldehyde: Total synthesis of (-)-coerulescine & (-)-coixspirolactam A. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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15
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Xu JX, Jiang YS, Chen CH, Sathishkumar N, Chu KT, Chiang MH, Chen HT, Han JL. Enantioselective Organocatalytic Three-Component Vinylogous Michael/Aldol Tandem Reaction among 3-Alkylidene oxindoles, Methyleneindolinones, and Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2021; 87:197-210. [PMID: 34882415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We reported a one-pot enantioselective three-component vinylogous Michael/aldol tandem reaction of prochiral 3-alkylidene oxindoles with methyleneindolinones and aldehydes using bifunctional organocatalysts. A variety of enantioenriched 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles 3 and spirolactones 4 were generated in moderate yields (up to 78%) with high stereoselectivities (up to >20:1 dr, >99% ee). Intriguingly, we observed that the aldol reaction with paraformaldehyde generates 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles 3 bearing a hydroxymethyl group, while the reaction with aliphatic aldehydes generates spirolactones 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Xiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Yi-Syun Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Nadaraj Sathishkumar
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Kai-Ti Chu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 11529, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ming-Hsi Chiang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 11529, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Hsin-Tsung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Jeng-Liang Han
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227, Taiwan R.O.C
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16
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Huang CC, Lin TC, Liu CH, Hu HC, Yu SY, Wu SJ, Yen MH, Tsai YH, Chang FR. Lipid Metabolism and its Mechanism Triggered by Supercritical CO 2 Extract of Adlay ( Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen (Rom. Caill.) Stapf) Bran in High-Fat Diet Induced Hyperlipidemic Hamsters. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:785944. [PMID: 34867418 PMCID: PMC8635772 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.785944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen (Rom. Caill.) Stapf) seeds are edible crop classified as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Adlay bran (AB) is one of the wastes generated during adlay refining processes. In this work, supercritical fluid extract of AB (AB-SCF) was investigated to reveal its lipid regulating potential and decode its bifunctional ingredients. AB-SCF×0.5 (30.84 mg/kg/body weight), AB-SCF×1 (61.67 mg/kg/BW), AB-SCF×5 (308.35 mg/kg/BW) and AB-SCF×10 (616.70 mg/kg/BW) were administrated to high fat-diet (HFD) induced hyperglycemic hamsters for 8 weeks. The results indicates that AB-SCF displays a prevention of dramatic body weight gains, lower levels of serum TG, TC, LDL-C and higher in HDL-C, amelioration of cardiovascular risk, alleviation of hepatic TG, TC and lipid peroxidation, and enhancement on cholesterol metabolism with higher bile acid excretion. Investigations on energy metabolic mechanism demonstrates that the hyperlipidemia mitigating capacities of AB-SCF are up-regulated on lipoprotein lipase, AMPK, p-AMPK and down-regulated at fatty acid synthase. Major bio-functional lipid compositions are identified as linoleic acid (28.59%) and oleic acid (56.95%). Non-lipid chemical and active markers are confirmed as 3-O-(trans-4-feruloyl)-β-sitostanol (1463.42 ppm), 3-O-(cis-4-feruloyl)-β-sitostanol (162.60 ppm), and β-sitosterol (4117.72 ppm). These compositions might synergistically responsible for the mentioned activities and can be regarded as analytical targets in quality control. AB-SCF may be considered as a promising complementary supplement, and developed as a functional food or new botanical drug in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-Chih Huang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Lin
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hui Liu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chun Hu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Yin Yu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jing Wu
- Department of Nutritional Health, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Yen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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17
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Wen A, Zhu Y, Mazhar M, Qin L, Zeng H, Zhu Y. Enhancement of Anti-Proliferative Activity of the Extracts from Dehulled Adlay by Fermentation with Bacillus subtilis. Foods 2021; 10:foods10122959. [PMID: 34945511 PMCID: PMC8701002 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dehulled adlay was fermented with Bacillus subtilis BJ3-2, the anti-proliferative activities of the extracts from fermented dehulled adlay were investigated with six types of tumor cells, and then the bioactive components and the anti-proliferative mechanism were primarily explored. Results showed that all the extracts of B.subtilis-fermented dehulled adlay (BDA) and dehulled adlay (DA) had no inhibition effect on human embryonic kidney 239T cells. The anti-proliferative activities of the extracts from BDA against six types of tumor cells were almost always significantly higher than DA. Compared with others, the n-butanol extract of BDA (BDA-Nb) exhibited stronger anti-proliferative activities against human leukemia K562 cells and human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. Importantly, the anti-proliferative activity of fermented dehulled adlay against K562 cells was firstly discovered. Meanwhile, BDA-Nb was rich in tetramethylpyrazine, γ-aminobutyric acid, protocatechuic, 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoic, chlorogenic, p-hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, trans-cinnamic, ferulic acids, and rutin. BDA-Nb induced the proliferative inhibition of K562 and A549 cells due to abnormal cell morphology, the increased cell population in G1 phase and apoptosis rate, the downregulation of Bcl-2, and the upregulation of Bax and caspase-3/8/9. These results indicate that dehulled adlay fermented with B.subtilis could be a potential therapeutic agent for leukemia and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyan Wen
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (A.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Yong Zhu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (A.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Mazhar
- College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Likang Qin
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (A.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Center for the Development and Utilization Technology of Drug and Food Resources in Southwest China, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Haiying Zeng
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (A.W.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine Station of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550001, China;
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18
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Yu Q, Ye G, Lei Z, Yang R, Chen R, He T, Huang S. An isolated compound from stems and leaves of Coix lacryma-jobi L. and its anticancer effect. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Tsay GJ, Lin YT, Hsu CH, Tang FY, Kuo YH, Chao CY. Adlay hull extracts attenuate β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in PC12 cells through antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:101020. [PMID: 34041372 PMCID: PMC8142039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) in senile plaques, contributing to oxidative stress, mitochondrial diseases, and synaptic atrophy, consequently leading to the deterioration of brain function. Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) is an annual botanical. Here, a 95% ethanol extract of adlay hull (AHEE) was partitioned by ethyl acetate (AHEAE), n-butanol (AHBUE), and water (AHWE), and the effects of these extracts on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells and Aβ-induced PC12 cells, as experimental models of neurotoxicity, were evaluated. The expression of anti-inflammatory and antiapoptosis-related proteins was investigated and AHEE, AHEAE, and AHWE were found to exert anti-inflammatory effects. AHWE exhibited antiapoptotic effects and inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide production. We investigated the protective effects of AHWE against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in dPC12 cells and explored the underlying mechanism. Pretreatment with AHWE significantly attenuated cell death and Aβ-mediated increase in B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2/Bax ratio. AHWE significantly inhibited Aβ and enhanced protein kinase B (Akt) level in dPC12 cells, suggesting that its protective effect against Aβ-induced apoptosis in dPC12 cells was mediated through upregulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. These extracts and its bioactive compound K36-21 may be potentially useful to treat neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Tsay
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ta Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatobiliary, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hong Hsu
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yao Tang
- Biomedical Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yi Chao
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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20
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Adlay Testa ( Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. Ma-yuen Stapf.) Ethanolic Extract and Its Active Components Exert Anti-Proliferative Effects on Endometrial Cancer Cells via Cell Cycle Arrest. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071966. [PMID: 33807346 PMCID: PMC8037553 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most common malignant tumors of gynecologic neoplasms in Western society. In recent years, the incidence of endometrial cancer has increased, and it has become the third most common female gynecological cancer (after ovarian and cervical cancer) in Taiwan. Adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. Ma-yuen Stapf.) has been demonstrated to have bioactive polyphenols, flavonoids, phytosterols, and essential nutrients for health benefits, including anticancer effects in humans. However, little is known about the effect of adlay seeds on endometrial cancer. Our study aimed to investigate the potential growth inhibitory effects of several adlay seed fractions, including ethyl acetate (ATE-EA) and its bioactive constituents, separately on endometrial cancer cells—HEC-1A (phosphatase and tensin homolog-positive) and RL95-2 (phosphatase and tensin homolog-negative)—and identify related active ingredients. In addition, the potential active fractions and the phytochemical compounds were elucidated. The results demonstrate superior activity of ATE-EA with significant in vitro cell proliferation inhibitory capacity, particularly its C.D.E.F-subfraction. Moreover, HPLC- and GC/FID-based quantification of ATE-EA subfractions showed that phenolic compounds (caffeic acid, protocatechuic acid, and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde), flavonoids, steroids, and fatty acid compounds exert anti-proliferative effects in the cell model. Finally, it was shown that cell growth and cell cycle arrest most significantly occurred in the in G1 or G2/M phase under ATE-EA treatment. Collectively, our results demonstrate an antiproliferative effect of ATE-EA on endometrial cancer cells that suggest a positive health outcome for women from consumption of these compounds.
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21
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Igbokwe CJ, Wei M, Feng Y, Duan Y, Ma H, Zhang H. Coix Seed: A Review of Its Physicochemical Composition, Bioactivity, Processing, Application, Functionality, and Safety Aspects. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1892129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chidimma Juliet Igbokwe
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Ming Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuqin Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haihui Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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22
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Zeng FL, Chen XL, Sun K, Zhu HL, Yuan XY, Liu Y, Qu LB, Zhao YF, Yu B. Visible-light-induced metal-free cascade cyclization of N-arylpropiolamides to 3-phosphorylated, trifluoromethylated and thiocyanated azaspiro[4.5]trienones. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01410a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic strategies for the preparation of 3-functionalized azaspiro[4.5]trienones via a radical-initiated cascade annulation reaction was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Lin Zeng
- Green Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Xiao-Lan Chen
- Green Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Kai Sun
- Green Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Hu-Lin Zhu
- Green Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Xiao-Ya Yuan
- Green Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Yan Liu
- Green Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- Green Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Yu-Fen Zhao
- Green Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Bing Yu
- Green Catalysis Center
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
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23
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He W, Yin M, Yang R, Zhao W. Optimization of adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi) bran oil extraction: Variability in fatty acids profile and fatty acid synthase inhibitory activities. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Wang J, Zhao L, Rong Q, Lv C, Lu Y, Pan X, Zhao L, Hu L. Asymmetric Synthesis of 3,3'-Tetrahydrofuryl Spirooxindoles via Palladium-Catalyzed [3+2] Cycloadditions of Methyleneindolinones with Vinylethylene Carbonates. Org Lett 2020; 22:5833-5838. [PMID: 32790422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of methyleneindolinones with vinylethylene carbonates has been successfully developed, which provides a highly efficient method for the synthesis of structurally diverse 3,3'-tetrahydrofuryl spirooxindoles in high yields (≤99%) with excellent stereoselectivities (>20:1 dr, ≤99% ee). Furthermore, this methodology shows a wide substrate scope and high utility in diversity-oriented synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Quanjin Rong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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25
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Nascimento VR, Suenaga MLS, Andrade LH. An efficient approach for the synthesis of new (±)-coixspirolactams. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5458-5465. [PMID: 32639487 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01104e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Coixspirolactams, spiro[oxindole-γ-lactones], are found in adlay seeds and exhibit anticancer activity. A novel synthetic methodology was developed to enable an easy access to (±)-coixspirolactam A and a large number of new coixspirolactams in excellent overall yields. The exquisite exploitation of formamide reactivity was essential for the construction of oxindole and lactone scaffolds.
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26
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Chen F, Zhong Z, Tan HY, Guo W, Zhang C, Tan CW, Li S, Wang N, Feng Y. Uncovering the Anticancer Mechanisms of Chinese Herbal Medicine Formulas: Therapeutic Alternatives for Liver Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:293. [PMID: 32256363 PMCID: PMC7093640 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential values of Chinese herbal formulas in treating various diseases are well known. In addition to more than 2,000 years of history, herbal medicine is appreciated for its remarkable efficacy in a lot of cases, which warrants a role in public health care worldwide, especially in East Asian countries. Liver cancer is the second most fatal cancer across the world. Recent studies have extensively investigated the chemical profiles and pharmacological effects of Chinese herbal medicine formulas on liver cancer. Either through observational follow-up or experimental studies, multiple herbal formulas have benefits implicated in the management of liver cancer. However, complex composition of each formula imposes restrictions on promoting clinical practice and global recognition. Therefore, understanding the mode of action of Chinese herbal medicine formulas in depth may offer sufficient evidence for their clinical use. This review highlighted the chemical characteristics and molecular mechanisms of actions of prominent Chinese herbal medicine formulas and summarized the correlated findings on the potential use in liver cancer treatment. At last, the present progresses of Chinese herbal medicine formulas in the perspective of clinical trials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hor Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Wing Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Devaraj RD, Jeepipalli SP, Xu B. Phytochemistry and health promoting effects of Job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi) - A critical review. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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28
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Chupakhin E, Babich O, Prosekov A, Asyakina L, Krasavin M. Spirocyclic Motifs in Natural Products. Molecules 2019; 24:E4165. [PMID: 31744211 PMCID: PMC6891393 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spirocyclic motifs are emerging privileged structures for drug discovery. They are also omnipresent in the natural products domain. However, until today, no attempt to analyze the structural diversity of various spirocyclic motifs occurring in natural products and their relative populations with unique compounds reported in the literature has been undertaken. This review aims to fill that void and analyze the diversity of structurally unique natural products containing spirocyclic moieties of various sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Chupakhin
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236016 Kaliningrad, Alexandra Nevskogo 14, Russia; (E.C.); (O.B.)
| | - Olga Babich
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236016 Kaliningrad, Alexandra Nevskogo 14, Russia; (E.C.); (O.B.)
- Kemerovo State University, 650000 Krasnaya, Kemerovo, Russia; (A.P.); (L.A.)
| | - Alexander Prosekov
- Kemerovo State University, 650000 Krasnaya, Kemerovo, Russia; (A.P.); (L.A.)
| | - Lyudmila Asyakina
- Kemerovo State University, 650000 Krasnaya, Kemerovo, Russia; (A.P.); (L.A.)
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236016 Kaliningrad, Alexandra Nevskogo 14, Russia; (E.C.); (O.B.)
- Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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29
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Son ES, Kim SH, Kim YO, Lee YE, Kyung SY, Jeong SH, Kim YJ, Park JW. Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen Stapf sprout extract induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:312. [PMID: 31729992 PMCID: PMC6858790 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2725-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer-related mortality in females. Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen (Rom.Caill.) Stapf ex Hook. f. is the most widely recognized medicinal herb for its remedial effects against inflammation, endocrine system dysfunctions, warts, chapped skin, rheumatism, and neuralgia and is also a nourishing food. Methods To investigate the activity of Coix lacryma-jobi sprout extract (CLSE) on cell proliferation in human cervical cancer HeLa cells, we conducted a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Flow-cytometric analysis and western blot analysis were performed to verify the effect of CLSE on the regulation of the cell cycle and apoptosis in HeLa cells. Results We observed that CLSE significantly inhibited cell proliferation. Furthermore, CLSE dose-dependently promoted cell cycle arrest at the sub-G1/ S phase in HeLa cells, as detected by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) staining. The cell-cycle-arrest effects of CLSE in HeLa cells were associated with downregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) 2, 4, and 6. Moreover, CLSE induced apoptosis, as determined by flow-cytometric analysis and nuclear DNA fragmentation with Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) and 4′6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. Induction of apoptosis by CLSE was involved in inhibition of the antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and upregulation of the apoptotic proteins p53, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-8. Finally, we observed that CLSE inactivated the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) pathways. Conclusions CLSE causes cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death through inactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in HeLa cells, suggesting it is a viable therapeutic agent for cervical cancer owing to its anticancer effects.
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New Indole Glycosides from Aesculus chinensis var. chekiangensis and Their Neuroprotective Activities. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224063. [PMID: 31717579 PMCID: PMC6891264 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The dried seeds of Aesculus chinensis Bge. var. chekiangensis (Hu et Fang) Fang, called “Suo Luo Zi”, have been used in traditional Chinese medicine. Nevertheless, most studies have been focused on components of less polarity fractions. In this research, twelve indoles, including six new indole glycosides (1–6) as well as six known analogs were isolated from the polar portion which has been seldom studied. This is the first description of N-glucosylated indoles obtained from the genus of Aesculus. Structures of the new compounds (1–6) were elucidated based on comprehensive interpretation of HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR. Additionally, the neuroprotective activities of the N-glucosylated indoles were evaluated for the first time indicating that compounds 1–5 and 9–10 exhibited moderate neuroprotective activities. Further cytotoxicity tests of isolates 1–10 on three human tumor cell lines suggested that none of these compounds were cytotoxic (IC50 > 50 μM).
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31
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Choi YH, Choi CW, Hong SH, Park SK, Oh JS, Lee D, Hong SS. Coixlachryside B: a new benzoxazinoid glycoside from the roots of Coix lachryma-jobi var. ma-yuen (Gramineae). JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2019; 21:806-812. [PMID: 30501406 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1497016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen has been a source of food and traditional folk medicine in some parts of Asia for thousands of years; however, the roots of this plant have not been phytochemically investigated. Herein, we report the isolation of a new benzoxazinoid glycoside, coixlachryside B (1), along with ten known compounds (2-11), from the roots of C. lachryma-jobi var. ma-yuen using a variety of chromatographic methods. Among the known compounds, the absolute configuration of compound 4 was determined. The structures of all compounds were elucidated by interpreting NMR spectroscopic data, and experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hyeok Choi
- a Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator (GBSA) , Suwon 16229 , Republic of Korea
- b Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Whan Choi
- a Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator (GBSA) , Suwon 16229 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hyun Hong
- a Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator (GBSA) , Suwon 16229 , Republic of Korea
| | - Se Kyu Park
- c Hansolbio Co., Ltd , Seongnam 13215 , Republic of Korea
| | - Joa Sub Oh
- d College of Pharmacy, Dankook University , Cheonan 31116 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Lee
- b Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Korea University , Seoul 02841 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Su Hong
- a Bio-Center, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator (GBSA) , Suwon 16229 , Republic of Korea
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32
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An W, Lai H, Zhang Y, Liu M, Lin X, Cao S. Apoptotic Pathway as the Therapeutic Target for Anticancer Traditional Chinese Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:758. [PMID: 31354479 PMCID: PMC6639427 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death and it plays a vital role in human development and tissue homeostasis. Mounting evidence indicates that apoptosis is closely related to the survival of cancer and it has emerged as a key target for the discovery and development of novel anticancer drugs. Various studies indicate that targeting the apoptotic signaling pathway by anticancer drugs is an important mechanism in cancer therapy. Therefore, numerous novel anticancer agents have been discovered and developed from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) by targeting the cellular apoptotic pathway of cancer cells and shown clinically beneficial effects in cancer therapy. This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion for the role, pharmacology, related biology, and possible mechanism(s) of a number of important anticancer TCMs and their derivatives mainly targeting the cellular apoptotic pathway. It may have important clinical implications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiao An
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - Honglin Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Affliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiukun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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33
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Hu H, Teng F, Liu J, Hu W, Luo S, Zhu Q. Enantioselective Synthesis of 2‐Oxindole Spirofused Lactones and Lactams by Heck/Carbonylative Cylization Sequences: Method Development and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaanzi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of Sciences 190 Kaiyuan Avenue Guangzhou 510530 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing 100049 China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory Guangzhou 510005 China
| | - Fan Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of Sciences 190 Kaiyuan Avenue Guangzhou 510530 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing 100049 China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory Guangzhou 510005 China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of Sciences 190 Kaiyuan Avenue Guangzhou 510530 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing 100049 China
| | - Weiming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of Sciences 190 Kaiyuan Avenue Guangzhou 510530 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing 100049 China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory Guangzhou 510005 China
| | - Shuang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of Sciences 190 Kaiyuan Avenue Guangzhou 510530 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing 100049 China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory Guangzhou 510005 China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of Sciences 190 Kaiyuan Avenue Guangzhou 510530 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District Beijing 100049 China
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory Guangzhou 510005 China
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34
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Hu H, Teng F, Liu J, Hu W, Luo S, Zhu Q. Enantioselective Synthesis of 2-Oxindole Spirofused Lactones and Lactams by Heck/Carbonylative Cylization Sequences: Method Development and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9225-9229. [PMID: 31074567 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An efficient one-pot assembly of all-carbon spiro-oxindole compounds from non-oxindole-based materials has been developed through a palladium-catalyzed asymmetric Heck/carbonylative lactonization and lactamization sequence. Diversified spirooxindole γ-and δ-lactones/lactams were accessed in high yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee) under mild reaction conditions. The natural product coixspirolactam A was conveniently synthesized by applying the current methodology, and thus its absolute configuration was elucidated for the first time. Asymmetric synthesis of an effective CRTH2 receptor antagonist has also been demonstrated utilizing this method in the key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaanzi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Fan Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weiming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Shuang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
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Guo J, Yuan C, Huang M, Liu Y, Chen Y, Liu C, Chen Y. Ganoderma lucidum-derived polysaccharide enhances coix oil-based microemulsion on stability and lung cancer-targeted therapy. Drug Deliv 2019; 25:1802-1810. [PMID: 30343605 PMCID: PMC6201799 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1516006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the influence of Ganoderma lucidum-derived polysaccharides (GLP) to coix oil-based microemulsion on pharmaceutical performance and anti-lung cancer treatment. GLP-integrated coix oil-based microemulsion (MEs(PS-GLP)) exhibited a clear spherical shape, small particle size, and good hydrodynamics similar to the coix oil-based microemulsion, but showed a lower zeta potential and a better stability. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis presented that GLP was integrated with microemulsion as a single system. Notably, the average molecular distance between polysaccharide and microemulsion was approximately 1.7 nm. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of MEs(PS-GLP) against A549 cells was about 119 μg/mL. In vivo imaging studies showed that introduction of GLP promoted the tumor-specific accumulation of microemulsion in comparison with controls. In vivo, antitumor results showed that MEs(PS-GLP) markedly inhibited the tumor growth of A549-bearing xenograft nude mice and obviously improve the serum immune index. Collectively, this study demonstrates the potential mechanism of spatial relation between polysaccharides and microemulsion and validates the significances of GLP on tumoral accumulation and antitumor efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- a Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China.,b Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Chengtian Yuan
- b Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Mengmeng Huang
- a Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China.,b Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Yuping Liu
- a Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China.,b Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Yunyan Chen
- a Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China.,b Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Congyan Liu
- a Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China.,b Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
| | - Yan Chen
- a Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China.,b Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China
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36
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Oyenihi AB, Smith C. Are polyphenol antioxidants at the root of medicinal plant anti-cancer success? JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 229:54-72. [PMID: 30287197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Given the severe side effects associated with most of the conventional cancer medications, as well as the expanding body of evidence indicating secondary toxicity of these drugs, individuals with cancer are increasingly turning to natural alternatives. Similarly, the pharmaceutical industry is in search of natural products to treat cancer. An understanding of the specific active components in plant products with which anti-cancer efficacy is achieved is required for this research to move forward. AIM OF THE STUDY To integrate data from cancer-relatestudies on plant-derived products or extracts, to elucidate whether these products may have similar active ingredients and/or mechanisms of action, that can explain their efficacy. This review also includes a discussion of the methodological complexities and important considerations involved in accurate isolation and characterisation of active substances from plant material. CONCLUSIONS From the literature reviewed, most plant products with consistently reported anti-cancer efficacy contains high levels of polyphenols or other potent antioxidants and their mechanisms of action correlate to that reported for isolated antioxidants in the context of cancer. This suggests that natural products may indeed become the panacea against this chronic disease - either as therapeutic medicine strategy or to serve as templates for the design of novel synthetic drugs. The recommendation is made that antioxidant activity of plant actives and especially polyphenols, should be the focus of anti-cancer drug discovery initiatives. Lastly, researchers are advised to exploit current techniques of chemical compound characterisation when investigating polyphenol-rich plants to enable the easy consolidation of research findings from different laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Oyenihi
- Dept Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - C Smith
- Dept Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.
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37
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Genetic Diversity and Structure of Coix lacryma-jobi L. from Its World Secondary Diversity Center, Southwest China. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:9815697. [PMID: 30805354 PMCID: PMC6360581 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9815697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Coix lacryma-jobi L. is an important minor cereal with a high nutritional and medicinal value in Asian countries. The hilly region of South China is the secondary center of diversity of Coix lacryma-jobi L. In the present study, we took a sample of 139 Coix lacryma-jobi L. genotypes from four geographical regions in Southwest China and analyzed the genetic diversity and population structure using AFLP markers. Six primer combinations detected a total of 743 (89.52%) polymorphic loci. The percentage of polymorphic bands within the four geographical populations ranged from 56.02% (Guangxi) to 86.75% (Guizhou). The overall genetic diversity of 139 Coix lacryma-jobi L. was relatively low (h ranged from 0.1854 to 0.2564). The neighbor-joining method grouped all Coix lacryma-jobi L. genotypes into two clusters with no geographical affinity observed among genotypes within the same group. The Fst indicated the two clusters existed great genetic differentiation. AMOVA analysis showed the molecular variation within populations was much higher than that among populations of geographical regions and subpopulations derived from STRUCTURE. Human activities and the natural outcrossing system of Coix lacryma-jobi L. may have a great influence on its distribution, genetic diversity, and population structure. Our study provides useful information for local breeding programs of Coix lacryma-jobi L. as well.
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38
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Kang SH, Lee JY, Lee TH, Park SY, Kim CK. De novo transcriptome assembly of the Chinese pearl barley, adlay, by full-length isoform and short-read RNA sequencing. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208344. [PMID: 30533012 PMCID: PMC6289447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi) is a tropical grass that has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine and is known for its nutritional benefits. Recent studies have shown that vitamin E compounds in adlay protect against chronic diseases such as cancer and heart disease. However, the molecular basis of adlay's health benefits remains unknown. Here, we generated adlay gene sets by de novo transcriptome assembly using long-read isoform sequencing (Iso-Seq) and short-read RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq). The gene sets obtained from Iso-seq and RNA-seq contained 31,177 genes and 57,901 genes, respectively. We confirmed the validity of the assembled gene sets by experimentally analyzing the levels of prolamin and vitamin E biosynthesis-associated proteins in adlay plant tissues and seeds. We compared the screened adlay genes with known gene families from closely related plant species, such as rice, sorghum and maize. We also identified tissue-specific genes from the adlay leaf, root, and young and mature seed, and experimentally validated the differential expression of 12 randomly-selected genes. Our study of the adlay transcriptome will provide a valuable resource for genetic studies that can enhance adlay breeding programs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ho Kang
- International Technology Cooperation Center, RDA, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Yeol Lee
- Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Lee
- Genomics Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Soo-Yun Park
- Biosafety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Chang-Kug Kim
- Genomics Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, Korea
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39
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Maskeri MA, O'Connor MJ, Jaworski AA, Bay AV, Scheidt KA. A Cooperative Hydrogen Bond Donor–Brønsted Acid System for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Maskeri
- Department of Chemistry Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Northwestern University Silverman Hall Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Matthew J. O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Northwestern University Silverman Hall Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Ashley A. Jaworski
- Department of Chemistry Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Northwestern University Silverman Hall Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Anna V. Bay
- Department of Chemistry Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Northwestern University Silverman Hall Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Northwestern University Silverman Hall Evanston IL 60208 USA
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Maskeri MA, O'Connor MJ, Jaworski AA, Bay AV, Scheidt KA. A Cooperative Hydrogen Bond Donor-Brønsted Acid System for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:17225-17229. [PMID: 30380196 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Carbocations stabilized by adjacent oxygen atoms are useful reactive intermediates involved in fundamental chemical transformations. These oxocarbenium ions typically lack sufficient electron density to engage established chiral Brønsted or Lewis acid catalysts, presenting a major challenge to their widespread application in asymmetric catalysis. Leading methods for selectivity operate primarily through electrostatic pairing between the oxocarbenium ion and a chiral counterion. A general approach to new enantioselective transformations of oxocarbenium ions requires novel strategies that address the weak binding capabilities of these intermediates. We demonstrate herein a novel cooperative catalysis system for selective reactions with oxocarbenium ions. This new strategy has been applied to a highly selective and rapid oxa-Pictet-Spengler reaction and highlights a powerful combination of an achiral hydrogen bond donor with a chiral Brønsted acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Maskeri
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Silverman Hall, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Matthew J O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Silverman Hall, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ashley A Jaworski
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Silverman Hall, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Anna V Bay
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Silverman Hall, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Karl A Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Northwestern University, Silverman Hall, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
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Chang CC, Huang LH, Chiang W, Hsia SM. Hexane fraction of adlay (Coix lachryma-jobi L.) testa ethanolic extract inhibits human uterine sarcoma cancer cells growth and chemosensitizes human uterine sarcoma cells to doxorubicin. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 47:69-80. [PMID: 30166110 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer has remained among the top ten causes of death in Taiwan since 1982. Uterine sarcoma is a rare gynecologic cancer, and chemotherapy is one type of cancer treatment. Doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used for treating several cancers, including uterine sarcoma, however, multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major clinical problem and a critical cause of treatment failure. The ethanolic extracts of adlay testa (ATE) exhibited significant anticancer activities against many cancer types. PURPOSE In this study we investigated the antitumor effects of the hexane fraction of the adlay testa ethanolic extracts (ATE-Hex) on the human uterine sarcoma cancer cell line MES-SA, as well as on the multidrug-resistant human uterine sarcoma cancer cell line MES-SA/Dx5. METHODS The MTT assay was performed to assess the effects of the extracts of different parts of the adlay on the proliferation of human uterine sarcoma cells (MES-SA and MES-SA/Dx5) and human uterine smooth muscle cells (HUtSMCs). To determine whether ATE-Hex has a chemosensitizing effect on drug-resistant uterine sarcoma cells, the MTT assay was performed to examine the synergistic effects of ATE-Hex, the chemotherapeutic drug Dox alone, and in combination. Rhodamine accumulation was analyzed using fluorescence detection. Apoptotic cells were analyzed via flow cytometry. In addition, employing a flame ionization detector (GC/FID) gas chromatography was also developed as the analysis platform for ATE-Hex. RESULTS The results demonstrated that ATE-Hex exhibited the best effects of inhibition on MES-SA and MES-SA/Dx5 cells. Co-treatment of ATE-Hex and Dox could synergistically inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. ATE-Hex reduced the rhodamine efflux in MES-SA/Dx5 cells, indicating that ATE-Hex could reduce the expression of P-gp. In addition, our results showed that treatment with ATE-Hex alone or in combination with Dox significantly inhibited the growth of cancer cells and induced apoptosis by increasing the sub-G1 phase and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) being cleaved. Flow cytometry revealed that ATE-Hex induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION These results suggest that ATE-Hex can inhibit human uterine sarcoma cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and increasing the chemosensitivity of the multidrug-resistant human uterine sarcoma cancer cell MES-SA/Dx5 to Dox. Furthermore, the combination of ATE-Hex and Dox could decrease MDR and increase the synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chao Chang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Hui Huang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wenchang Chiang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Xu Y, Zhu X, Ma X, Xiong H, Zeng Z, Peng H, Hu J. Enzymatic production of trans-free shortening from coix seed oil, fully hydrogenated palm oil and Cinnamomum camphora seed oil. FOOD BIOSCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Du Z, Kim KH, Kim J, Moon Y. Fungal Deoxynivalenol-Induced Enterocyte Distress Is Attenuated by Adulterated Adlay: In Vitro Evidences for Mucoactive Counteraction. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29527203 PMCID: PMC5829524 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adlay is a cereal crop that has long been used as traditional herbal medicine and as a highly nourishing food. However, deoxynivalenol (DON), the most prevalent trichothecene mycotoxin worldwide, frequently spoils grains, including adlay, via fungal infection. On the basis of an assumption that the actions of DON in the gut could be modified by adlay consumption, we simulated the impacts of co-exposure in enterocytes and investigated the effectiveness of treatment with adlay for reducing the risk of DON-induced inflammation and epithelia barrier injury. In particular, adlay suppressed DON-induced pro-inflammatory signals such as mitogen-activated kinase transduction and the epidermal growth factor receptor-linked pathway. In addition to regulation of pro-inflammatory responses, adlay treatment interfered with DON-induced disruption of the epithelial barrier. Mechanistically, adlay could boost the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and cytosolic translocation of human antigen R (HuR) protein, which played critical roles in the epithelial restitution, resulting in protection against disruption of enterocyte barrier integrity. Notably, DON abrogated the Ras homolog gene family member A GTPase-mediated actin cytoskeletal network, which was diminished by adlay treatment in PKC and HuR-dependent ways. Taken together, this study provides evidences for adlay-based attenuation of trichothecene-induced gut distress, implicating potential use of a new gut protector against enteropathogenic insults in diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Du
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Ki Hyung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Pusan, South Korea
| | - Juil Kim
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Yuseok Moon
- Laboratory of Mucosal Exposome and Biomodulation, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.,Program of Intelligent Food Health Sciences and Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
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Kang T, Zhao P, Yang J, Lin L, Feng X, Liu X. Asymmetric Catalytic Double Michael Additions for the Synthesis of Spirooxindoles. Chemistry 2018; 24:3703-3706. [PMID: 29369438 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric cascade double Michael additions to construct 2'-substituted 3,3'-spirooxindoles by using a chiral guanidine organocatalyst has been developed. A series of spirooxindole derivatives containing dihydrofuran or pyrrolidine subunits were obtained with good to excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities. The method showed great tolerance of a number of aromatic and aliphatic alkynones. The strategy gave access to the asymmetric synthesis of (-)-salacin for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Kang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Lili Lin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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Zhu J, Shen L, Lin X, Hong Y, Feng Y. Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine compounds and their preparations for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:854-864. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Son ES, Kim YO, Park CG, Park KH, Jeong SH, Park JW, Kim SH. Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen Stapf sprout extract has anti-metastatic activity in colon cancer cells in vitro. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:486. [PMID: 29110726 PMCID: PMC5674821 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1990-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen (Rom.Caill.) Stapf has been used in China as an herbal medicine. Many studies of this plant have reported anti-proliferative and apoptotic activities on human cancer cell lines. Therefore, this study of the anti-metastatic effect of Coix lacryma-jobi var. ma-yuen Stapf sprout extract (CLSE) in colorectal cancer cells may provide a scientific basis for exploring anti-cancer effects of edible crops. Methods To evaluate the effect of CLSE on cell proliferation and signaling, we performed a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay in HCT116 cells and used western blot analysis. Furthermore, scratch-wound healing, transwell migration, matrigel invasion, and adhesion assays were conducted to elucidate the anti-metastatic effects of CLSE under hypoxic conditions in colon cancer cells. Results First, CLSE decreased deferoxamine (DFO)-induced migration of colon cancer cells by 87%, and blocked colon cancer cell migration by 80% compared with hypoxia control cells. Second, CLSE treatment resulted in a 54% reduction in hypoxia-induced invasiveness of colon cancer cells, and 50% inhibition of adhesive potency through inactivation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and protein kinase b (AKT) pathways. Third, conditioned medium collected from CLSE-treated HCT116 cells suppressed tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by 91%. Conclusions CLSE inhibited migration, invasion, and adhesion of colon cancer cells and tube formation by HUVECs via repression of the ERK1/2 and AKT pathways under hypoxic conditions. Therefore, CLSE may be used to treat patients with colon cancer.
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Kanglaite sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to Taxol via NF-κΒ inhibition and connexin 43 upregulation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1280. [PMID: 28455529 PMCID: PMC5430786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01480-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxol, a first-line anti-tumour drug, has low effectiveness against colorectal cancer. Combination with other agents is an effective strategy to enhance Taxol cytotoxicity. Kanglaite injection is an extract from Coix lacryma-jobi seed and is usually combined with other agents to treat cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment effect of Taxol combined with Kanglaite on colorectal cancer cell lines. Kanglaite pretreatment followed by Taxol treatment was found to show the best synergism among all combination strategies. This combination also resulted in the smallest tumour volume in a Balb/c mice model. Kanglaite inhibited the expression of nuclear factor (NF)-κΒ and upregulated that of connexin 43, both of which sensitized cancer cells to Taxol. Moreover, Kanglaite increased many cellular variations caused by Taxol, including tubulin polymerization, caspase-3 cleavage, and upregulated expression of survivin and cyclin B1. These results suggest that Kanglaite pretreatment may increase the effect of Taxol on colorectal cancer.
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Cao J, Dong S, Jiang D, Zhu P, Zhang H, Li R, Li Z, Wang X, Tang W, Du D. β-Functionalization of Indolin-2-one-Derived Aliphatic Acids for the Divergent Synthesis of Spirooxindole γ-Butyrolactones. J Org Chem 2017; 82:4186-4193. [PMID: 28326774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
β-Functionalization of indolin-2-one-derived aliphatic acids has been applied in formal [3 + 2] annualtions for catalyst-free and divergent synthesis of two series of structurally interesting 3,3'-spirooxindole γ-butyrolactones that may be attractive for potential drug discovery. These findings also pave the way for further diversity-oriented synthesis of spirooxindoles starting from indolin-2-one-derived aliphatic acids or their derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Shuding Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Delu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Peiyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Zhanyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Xuanyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Weifang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ding Du
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing, 210009, P. R. China
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