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Stavropoulou LS, Efthimiou I, Giova L, Manoli C, Sinou PS, Zografidis A, Lamari FN, Vlastos D, Dailianis S, Antonopoulou M. Phytochemical Profile and Evaluation of the Antioxidant, Cyto-Genotoxic, and Antigenotoxic Potential of Salvia verticillata Hydromethanolic Extract. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:731. [PMID: 38475577 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
This study comprises the phytochemical characterization, the evaluation of the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA), and the investigation of the cyto-genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of hydromethanolic extract derived from Salvia verticillata L. leaves. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS and HPLC-DAD were used for the characterization of the extract and determination of the major ingredients. Afterwards, the TPC and AA were determined. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of the extract on cultured human lymphocytes at concentrations of 10, 25, and 50 μg mL-1 was investigated via the Cytokinesis Block MicroNucleus (CBMN) assay. Moreover, its antigenotoxic potential against the mutagenic agent mitomycin C (MMC) was assessed using the same assay. The hydromethanolic extract comprises numerous metabolites, with rosmarinic acid being the major compound. It had a high value of TPC and exerted significant AA as shown by the results of the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and Radical Scavenging Activity by DPPH• assays. A dose-dependent cytotoxic potential was recorded, with the highest dose (50 μg mL-1) exhibiting statistically significant cytotoxicity. None of the tested concentrations induced significant micronuclei (MN) frequencies, indicating a lack of genotoxicity. All tested concentrations reduced the MMC-mediated genotoxic effects, with the two lowest showing statistically significant antigenotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamprini S Stavropoulou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna Efthimiou
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Lambrini Giova
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Chrysoula Manoli
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Paraskevi S Sinou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Aris Zografidis
- Laboratory of Botany, Department of Biology, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Fotini N Lamari
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy & Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitris Vlastos
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Stefanos Dailianis
- Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Antonopoulou
- Department of Sustainable Agriculture, University of Patras, GR-30131 Agrinio, Greece
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Yilmaz Kardas B, Diken ME, Bayhan H, Acar M, Dogan S. Cytoprotective, antimutagenic/antirecombinogenic and antibacterial properties of Lallemantia iberica extracts. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1901-1911. [PMID: 36207573 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants have important chemical compounds to protect organisms from many mutagens but they may also have dangerous toxic substances that must be tested before use. Lallemantia iberica has been used by local people for treatment of some diseases but it was never tested for its cell protective and antimutagenic/antirecombinogenic properties. In this study, it was aimed to determine the cytoprotective, antimutagenic/antirecombinogenic, antibacterial, antioxidant and phenolic profile of L. iberica by MTS assay, micronucleus test/somatic mutation recombination test (SMART), disc diffusion method, ABTS/DPPH tests and liquid chromatography (LC), respectively. RESULTS MTS assay results showed that both of the extracts supported the normal growth of healthy human lymphocytes and there was no significant difference between extracts. Although there was no significant increase in micronucleus concentration (‰) of the cultures treated with ethanol or methanol extracts, methanol extract caused slightly lower micronucleus concentration (12.64 ± 3.65‰) than the ethanol extract (24.46 ± 4.50‰). SMART results showed that ethanol and methanol extracts prevented harmful mitotic recombination. Lallemantia iberica also showed antibacterial activity against all of the strains tested, and the largest inhibition zones were observed with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.9 mm) and Enterobacter aerogenes (13.8 mm). Methanol extracts showed better antioxidant activities (ABTS IC50 : 104.07 μg mL-1 , DPPH IC50 : 58.8 μg mL-1 ) than ethanol extracts (ABTS IC50 : 344.03 μg mL-1 , DPPH IC50 : 233.7 μg mL-1 ). According to the LC results, the most abundant phenolic compounds were rutin hydrate (1796.4 ± 62.9 mg kg-1 ) and p-coumaric acid (228.1 ± 7.60 mg kg-1 ). CONCLUSION Lallemantia iberica extracts had cell-protective, antimutagenic/antirecombinogenic, antibacterial and strong antioxidant characteristics in relation to their rich phenolic content. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begumhan Yilmaz Kardas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Diken
- Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Hamza Bayhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - Mikail Acar
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Serap Dogan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey
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Nassar M, Zadri F, Slimani S. Assessment of Protective Effects of Methanolic Extract of Salvia verbenaca Roots Against Oxidative Damage Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 18:360-366. [PMID: 34157827 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.74555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Salvia verbenaca is a medicinal plant that has been traditionally used in Algeria for the treatment of wounds and emptied abscesses. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of methanolic extract of S. verbenaca roots and explore its ability to bestow protection against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 (200 μM). Materials and Methods The cytotoxic effects and protective properties of S. verbenaca on human monocytic leukemia cells (THP-1) was studied using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide assay. The protective effects of the extract against H2O2-induced oxidative damage was evaluated using single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay and 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescien diacetate (H2DCFDA) assay. Results S. verbenaca extract was found to be non-cytotoxic at concentrations <500 μg/mL. However, the use of 500 and 1000 μg/mL of the extract decreasedcell viability. H2DCFDA assay provided evidence for anti-oxidative properties of S. verbenaca. Addition of S. verbenaca (1 and 10 μg/mL) resulted in significant reductionin H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Further, comet assay showed that addition of the extract resulted in a significant reductionin the length and % DNA content of comet tail. Additionally,nuclei in the cells also appeared to be devoid ofdegradation. Conclusion The use of S. verbenaca root extract conferred protection against H2O2-induced ROS production and DNA breakage in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Nassar
- University of 20 Aout 1955, Department of Natural Science and Life, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Fethia Zadri
- University of 20 Aout 1955, Department of Natural Science and Life, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Souheila Slimani
- University of 20 Aout 1955, Department of Natural Science and Life, Skikda, Algeria
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El-Wakf AM, El-Habibi ESM, Ali DA, Abd El-Ghany E, Elmougy R. Marjoram and sage oils protect against testicular apoptosis, suppressed Ki-67 expression and cell cycle arrest as a therapy for male infertility in the obese rats. J Food Biochem 2019; 44:e13080. [PMID: 31612531 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in testicular apoptosis, cell cycle progression and proliferation rate in dietary-induced obese male rats and role of oral administration of marjoram (0.16 ml/kg BW) and sage (0.05 ml/kg BW) oils were evaluated. Results showed increased body weight, serum leptin, testicular lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and nitric oxide, with reduction in serum testosterone, sperm count and endogenous enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in testis of the obese rats. Flow cytometry results revealed increased number of annexin-V (+ve) cells with activation of apoptotic proteins (Bax, caspase-3) and reduction of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Cell cycle arrest at phases S and G2/M with decline in expression of Bcl-2 and germ cell proliferation marker ki-67 was also validated, indicating lowered spermatogenesis in the obese rats. Supplementation of marjoram or sage oils displayed normalized body weight, sperm count, germ cells apoptosis and proliferation, suggesting the two oils as a new therapeutic approach against obesity promoted male infertility. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Obese men have a greater chance of fertility problems compared to those with normal weight. Obesity-associated oxidative stress and free radicals production have shown to adversely affect sperm quality with activation of pro-apoptotic pathways, allowing germ cell death. Marjoram and sage essential oils are now being widely studied due to their antioxidant and radical scavenging properties. Our findings indicated effectiveness of the two oils for combating body weight gain, testicular oxidative stress, and apoptosis, which seemed to aid in increasing sperm count. The outcomes of this study may help scientists to formulate novel medications for improving fertility problems in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza M El-Wakf
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Doaa A Ali
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Abd El-Ghany
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rehab Elmougy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Fahmy MA, Diab KA, Abdel-Samie NS, Omara EA, Hassan ZM. Carbon tetrachloride induced hepato/renal toxicity in experimental mice: antioxidant potential of Egyptian Salvia officinalis L essential oil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:27858-27876. [PMID: 30056541 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2820-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present research designed to assess the protective role of Salvia officinalis essential oil (SO) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver and kidney damage in mice. This is evidenced by estimation of antiradical scavenging activity of SO using DPPH assay, biochemical markers, histological investigation of liver and kidney sections, and comet assay. Mice were given CCl4 (1.2 mL/kg for 24 h or 0.8 mL/kg for 2 weeks, 3 times/week) and with or without SO (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mL/kg, for 2 week, 5 times/week). The findings demonstrated that both acute and subacute treatment with CCl4 alone had adverse side effects on liver and kidney of mice. These effects were evidenced by a significant increase in serum hepatic enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, and G-GT), bilirubin, and renal function markers (blood urea, creatinine). Toxic effect of CCl4 was accompanied by a decline in the serum total protein, albumin, globulin, and prothrombin (%). CCl4 induced oxidative stress as evidenced by increasing serum lipid peroxidation (LPO) along with decreasing serum total glutathione S transferase (GST). A remarkable increase in hepatic DNA strand breakages and histopathological distortion in liver and kidney specimens were observed in CCl4-intoxicated groups. Ultrastructurally, hepatocytes exhibited irregular nuclei, vacuolated cytoplasm, and distorted microorganelles. Essential oil form S. officinalis possessed antiradical scavenging (EC50 = 4602 μg/mL) lower than ascorbic acid (EC50 = 5.9 μg/mL). This oil was effectively exhibited hepato-nephroprotective activity especially at its higher concentrations in co-treated groups (SO plus CCl4). The activity of SO was associated with lowering the liver enzymes, bilirubin, urea, and creatinine, along with increasing total protein, albumin, globulin, and prothrombin. The increase in GST content and the decrease in LPO and DNA breakage levels, alongside repairing the histo-architectural distortions further confirmed the protective activity of SO. SO is a potential candidate for counteracting hepato/renal injury associating CCl4. This effect may occur via antioxidant defense mechanism which in part related to the complexity of its chemical constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Fahmy
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawthar A Diab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Negm S Abdel-Samie
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enayat A Omara
- Pathology Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeinab M Hassan
- Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Nagpal I, Abraham SK. Protective effects of tea polyphenols and β-carotene against γ-radiation induced mutation and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster. Genes Environ 2017; 39:24. [PMID: 29118865 PMCID: PMC5664826 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-017-0084-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The commonly consumed antioxidants β-carotene and tea polyphenols were used to assess their protective effects against γ-radiation induced sex-linked recessive lethal (SLRL) mutation and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster. Third instar larvae and adult males of wild-type Oregon-K (ORK) were fed on test agents for 24 and 72 h respectively before exposure to 10Gy γ-irradiation. The treated/control flies were used to assess the induction of SLRLs. We also evaluated antioxidant properties of these phytochemicals in the third instar larvae. Results Different stages of spermatogenesis in adult males showed a decrease in γ-radiation induced SLRL frequencies upon co-treatment with test agents. A similar trend was observed in larvae. Furthermore, a significant increase in antioxidant enzymatic activities with a decrease in malondialdehyde content was observed. Conclusion β-carotene and tea polyphenols have exerted antigenotoxic and antioxidant effects in Drosophila. This study demonstrated the suitability of Drosophila as an alternative to mammalian testing for evaluating the antigenotoxic and antioxidant activity of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Nagpal
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Suresh K Abraham
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
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Nagpal I, Abraham SK. Ameliorative effects of gallic acid, quercetin and limonene on urethane-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 27:286-292. [PMID: 28043195 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2016.1278294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of our present work was to ascertain the efficacy of Drosophila melanogaster model for assessing antigenotoxic and antioxidant effects of dietary phytochemicals gallic acid (GA), quercetin (QC) and limonene (Lim) against urethane (URE), a genotoxic environmental carcinogen. Oregon-K (ORK) adult male flies were fed GA, QC and Lim in combination with URE (20 mM) in 10% sucrose for 72 h. Third instar larvae were fed instant medium containing the above phytochemicals and URE for 24 h. Sex-linked recessive lethal (SLRL) test and assays for estimating glutathione content (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (MDA content) were performed. Adult feeding experiments demonstrated that co-treatment of flies with URE and the test phytochemicals has significantly decreased the frequencies of SLRL mutations in all the germ cell stages when compared to that with URE alone. Larval feeding experiments also showed a similar pattern. The above results correlate well with antioxidative potentials of the test agents where we observed the elevated enzymatic levels with a significant reduction in MDA level in Drosophila larvae. The results further suggest that the dietary phytochemicals have an antioxidant and antimutagenic property which can be assessed using D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isha Nagpal
- a School of Life Sciences , Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi , India
| | - Suresh K Abraham
- a School of Life Sciences , Jawaharlal Nehru University , New Delhi , India
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Ghorbani A, Esmaeilizadeh M. Pharmacological properties of Salvia officinalis and its components. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 7:433-440. [PMID: 29034191 PMCID: PMC5634728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia officinalis (Sage) is a plant in the family of Labiatae/Lamiaceae. It is native to Middle East and Mediterranean areas, but today has been naturalized throughout the world. In folk medicine, S. officinalis has been used for the treatment of different kinds of disorders including seizure, ulcers, gout, rheumatism, inflammation, dizziness, tremor, paralysis, diarrhea, and hyperglycemia. In recent years, this plant has been a subject of intensive studies to document its traditional use and to find new biological effects. These studies have revealed a wide range of pharmacological activities for S. officinalis. Present review highlights the up-to-date information on the pharmacological findings that have been frequently reported for S. officinalis. These findings include anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antimutagenic, antidementia, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic effects. Also, chemical constituents responsible for pharmacological effects of S. officinalis and the clinical studies on this plant are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Esmaeilizadeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran
- Corresponding author. Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Esfarayen, Iran. Fax: +98 5837238757.Esfarayen Faculty of Medical SciencesEsfarayenIran
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Sevindik N, Rencuzogullari E. The genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Salvia fruticosa leaf extract in human blood lymphocytes. Drug Chem Toxicol 2013; 37:295-302. [PMID: 24224704 DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2013.851689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Salvia fruticosa (Sf) leaf extract with the absence and presence of S9 mix using sister chromatid exchange (SCE), chromosome aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) formation test systems in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs) that were treated with 1.5-, 3.0- and 6.0-µL/mL concentrations for 24- and 48-hour treatment periods. The cytotoxicity of Sf leaf extract was also investigated by calculating the mitotic index (MI), proliferation index (PI) and nuclear division index (NDI). In the absence of S9 mix, Sf leaf extract alone increased SCE frequency at the 48-hour treatment period; however, it induced the CA and MN at all concentrations and at all treatment periods. Sf plus MMC (mitomycin C) synergically induced SCE and CA, except the highest concentration of Sf leaf extract and MMC on induction of SCE. In addition, Sf leaf extract induced the effect of MMC on MN frequency for 24 hours, but it significantly decreased the effect of MMC on MN frequency for the 48-hour treatment period. Sf leaf extract showed a cytotoxic effect by decreasing the MI; however, it did not decrease the PI and NDI. In the presence of S9 mix, Sf leaf extract did not increase the SCE, when compared to solvent control, whereas it reduced the effect of cyclophosphamide (Cyp). Sf leaf extract induced the CA and MN, but could not increase the effect of Cyp on CA and MN formation. Sf leaf extract had no cytotoxic effect; however, it induced the cytotoxicity of Cyp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadire Sevindik
- Deparment of Biology, Natural and Applied Science Institute, Çukurova University , Adana , Turkey and
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Arceusz A, Occhipinti A, Capuzzo A, Maffei ME. Comparison of different extraction methods for the determination of α- and β-thujone in sage (Salvia officinalis
L.) herbal tea. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:3130-4. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Arceusz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Medical University of Gdansk; Gdansk Poland
| | - Andrea Occhipinti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology; Innovation Centre; University of Turin; Turin Italy
- Biosfered s.r.l; Innovation Centre; Turin Italy
| | - Andrea Capuzzo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology; Innovation Centre; University of Turin; Turin Italy
- Biosfered s.r.l; Innovation Centre; Turin Italy
| | - Massimo E. Maffei
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology; Innovation Centre; University of Turin; Turin Italy
- Biosfered s.r.l; Innovation Centre; Turin Italy
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Walch SG, Tinzoh LN, Zimmermann BF, Stühlinger W, Lachenmeier DW. Antioxidant Capacity and Polyphenolic Composition as Quality Indicators for Aqueous Infusions of Salvia officinalis L. (sage tea). Front Pharmacol 2011; 2:79. [PMID: 22194722 PMCID: PMC3242359 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2011.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) is used as an herbal medicinal product, with the most typical form of application as infusion with boiling water (sage tea). The well-established traditional uses include symptomatic treatment of mild dyspeptic complaints, the treatment of inflammations in the mouth and the throat, and relief of excessive sweating and relief of minor skin inflammations. In this study, sage teas prepared from commercially available products were chemically analyzed for polyphenolic content using liquid chromatography, for antioxidant potential using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity method, and for the Folin–Ciocalteu (FC) index. The sage teas showed a high variation for all parameters studied (up to 20-fold differences for rosmarinic acid). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the antioxidant potential, which varied between 0.4 and 1.8 mmol trolox equivalents/100 mL, was highly dependent on rosmarinic acid and its derivatives. The FC index also showed a high correlation to these polyphenols, and could therefore be used as a screening parameter for sage tea quality. The considerable differences in polyphenolic composition and antioxidant capacity between the brands lead to a demand for quality standardization, especially if these sage teas are to be used for therapeutic purposes. Further research also appears to be necessary to characterize the dose–benefit relationship, as sage may also contain a constituent (thujone) with potentially adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan G Walch
- Department for Public Health and Health Technology Assessment, University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology Hall in Tyrol, Austria
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Modulation of genotoxicity and DNA repair by plant monoterpenes camphor, eucalyptol and thujone in Escherichia coli and mammalian cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:2035-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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The antimutagenic effect of monoterpenes against UV-irradiation-, 4NQO- and t-BOOH-induced mutagenesis in coli. ARCH BIOL SCI 2011. [DOI: 10.2298/abs1101117n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the antimutagenic potential of
monoterpenes from sage and basil in Escherichia coli. The mutagenic potential
of monoterpenes was pre-screened with Salmonella/microsome reversion assay in
strain TA100 and no mutagenic effect was detected. The antimutagenic
potential against UV- 4NQO- and t-BOOH induced mutagenesis was evaluated in
E. coli K12 and E. coli WP2 by reversion assays. The obtained results
indicate that camphor and thujone reduce UV- and 4NQO-induced mutations;
myrcene reduces t-BOOH-induced mutations, while eucalyptol and linalool
reduce mutagenicity by all tested mutagens. Considering evolutionary
conservation of DNA repair and antioxidative protection, the obtained results
indicate that further antigenotoxicity studies should be undertaken in
eukaryotes.
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Tepe Çam S, Engin B. Identification of irradiated sage tea (Salvia officinalis L.) by ESR spectroscopy. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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