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Goel H, Kumar R, Tanwar P, Upadhyay TK, Khan F, Pandey P, Kang S, Moon M, Choi J, Choi M, Park MN, Kim B, Saeed M. Unraveling the therapeutic potential of natural products in the prevention and treatment of leukemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114351. [PMID: 36736284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies distinguished by differentiation blockage and uncontrolled proliferation of myeloid or lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB). There are various types of leukemia in which intensive chemotherapy regimens or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are now the most common treatments associated with severe side effects and multi-drug resistance in leukemia cells. Therefore, it is crucial to develop novel therapeutic approaches with adequate therapeutic efficacy and selectively eliminate leukemic cells to improve the consequences of leukemia. Medicinal plants have been utilized for ages to treat multiple disorders due to their diverse bioactive compounds. Plant-derived products have been used as therapeutic medication to prevent and treat many types of cancer. Over the last two decades, 50 % of all anticancer drugs approved worldwide are from natural products and their derivatives. Therefore this study aims to review natural products such as polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, nitrogen-containing, and organosulfur compounds as antileukemic agents. Current investigations have identified natural products efficiently destroy leukemia cells through diverse mechanisms of action by inhibiting proliferation, reactive oxygen species production, inducing cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in both in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. Current investigations have identified natural products as suitable promising chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive agents. It played an essential role in drug development and emerged as a possible source of biologically active metabolites for therapeutic interventions, especially in leukemia. DATA AVAILABILITY: Data will be made available on request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsh Goel
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 11023, India.
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 11023, India.
| | - Pranay Tanwar
- Department of Laboratory Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 11023, India.
| | - Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India,.
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India.
| | - Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India.
| | - Sojin Kang
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myunghan Moon
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinwon Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Choi
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 05253, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 81411 Saudi Arabia.
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Qayyum S, Jabeen A, Aslam Z, Kanwal T, Shah MR, Faizi S. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Lecithin Derived Nano-Formulation of Octyl and Dodecyl Gallate for Targeting B Cell Associated Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02302-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Liu CC, Lin WW, Wu CC, Hsu SL, Wang CY, Chung JG, Chiang CS. Lauryl Gallate Induces Apoptotic Cell Death through Caspase-dependent Pathway in U87 Human Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro. In Vivo 2018; 32:1119-1127. [PMID: 30150434 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The treatment of human glioma tumor is still an unmet medical need. Natural products are always promising resources for discovery of anticancer drugs. Lauryl gallate (LG) is one of the derivatives of gallic acid, widely present in plants, that has been shown to induce anticancer activities in many human cancer cell lines; however, it has not been studied in human glioma cell lines. Thus, the effects of LG on human glioblastoma U87 cells were investigated in the present in vitro study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell morphology and viability were examined by phase-contrast microscopy. Annexin V/Propidium iodide (PI) double staining were performed and assayed by flow cytometry to confirm that viable cell number reduction was due to the induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, U87 cells were exposed to LG in various concentrations and were analyzed by caspase activity assay. To further confirm that LG induced apoptotic cell death, the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins in LG-treated U87 cells was tested by western blot. RESULTS LG induced morphological changes and decreased viability in U87 cells. Annexin V/PI double staining revealed that LG induced apoptotic cell death in U87 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The increased activities of caspase-2, -3, -8 and -9 demonstrated that LG induced U87 cell apoptosis through a caspase-dependent pathway. In terms of molecular level, LG increased pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bak and decreased anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in U87 cells. Furthermore, LG also suppressed the expression of p-Akt, Pak1, Hif-1α and Hif-2α, β-catenin and Tcf-1 in U87 cells. CONCLUSION These results suggest that LG induced apoptotic cell death via the caspase-dependent pathway in U87 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chi Liu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Wen Lin
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun-Chi Wu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Lan Hsu
- Department of Education & Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Yen Wang
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chi-Shiun Chiang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, R.O.C
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4
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Cao JT, Mo HM, Wang Y, Zhao K, Zhang TT, Wang CQ, Xu KL, Han ZH. Dihydroartemisinin-induced apoptosis in human acute monocytic leukemia cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:3178-3184. [PMID: 29435054 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a derivative of artemisinin. The present study aimed to investigate whether DHA induces apoptosis in the THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (AMoL), and to identify the relative molecular mechanisms. The results of the present study demonstrated that the viability of THP-1 cells were inhibited by DHA in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was accompanied by morphological characteristics associated with apoptosis. After 24 h of 200 µM DHA treatment, the proportion of apoptotic cells was significantly increased compared with the untreated controls (P<0.01). In addition, DHA downregulated the levels of B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, protein kinase B (Akt)1, Akt2 and Akt3 gene expression, and increased the expression of the Bcl-2-associated X protein apoptosis regulator. The protein expression of phospho-Akt and phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was also decreased, and the protein expression level of cleaved caspase-3 was increased following treatment with DHA. Therefore, DHA may induce apoptosis in the AMoL THP-1 cell line via currently unknown underlying molecular mechanisms, including the downregulation of ERK and Akt, and the activation of caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Tian Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Min Mo
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Qian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Lin Xu
- Institute of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Hua Han
- Department of Cardiology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Asci H, Ozmen O, Ellidag HY, Aydin B, Bas E, Yilmaz N. The impact of gallic acid on the methotrexate-induced kidney damage in rats. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:890-897. [PMID: 28987366 PMCID: PMC9328864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged use of an antineoplastic agent methotrexate (MTX), can cause numerous side effects such as nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of MTX on kidneys and demonstrate the protective effects of gallic acid (GA). Twenty-four, male, rats distributed into three groups. Each groups consisted eight rats and only saline was administered to the control group. The MTX group received a single dose (20 mg/kg) MTX intraperitoneally. The MTX + GA group received same dose MTX and 100 mg/kg GA orally during the 7 days. Renal functions, oxidative stress markers, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid levels and tissue oxidative stress markers, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index levels significantly increased and total antioxidant status levels significantly decreased in MTX group compared with the control group. At the histopathological examination hemorrhages, tubular cell necrosis, glomerulosclerosis, inflammatory cell infiltrations and proteinous materials in tubules were noticed in MTX group. Immunohistochemical examination revealed that increased expressions of serum amyloid A (SAA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE-2) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in tubular epithelial cells of kidneys in this group. There were no immunoreaction with SAA and CRP, only small number of PGE-2 and TNF-α positive tubular epithelial cells were observed in MTX + GA group. In conclusion, all evidence suggested that oxidative stress caused MTX-induced nephrotoxicity and GA prevent the kidney from the nephrotoxicity due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Wang Y, DiSalvo M, Gunasekara DB, Dutton J, Proctor A, Lebhar MS, Williamson IA, Speer J, Howard RL, Smiddy NM, Bultman SJ, Sims CE, Magness ST, Allbritton NL. Self-renewing Monolayer of Primary Colonic or Rectal Epithelial Cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 4:165-182.e7. [PMID: 29204504 PMCID: PMC5710741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Three-dimensional organoid culture has fundamentally changed the in vitro study of intestinal biology enabling novel assays; however, its use is limited because of an inaccessible luminal compartment and challenges to data gathering in a three-dimensional hydrogel matrix. Long-lived, self-renewing 2-dimensional (2-D) tissue cultured from primary colon cells has not been accomplished. METHODS The surface matrix and chemical factors that sustain 2-D mouse colonic and human rectal epithelial cell monolayers with cell repertoires comparable to that in vivo were identified. RESULTS The monolayers formed organoids or colonoids when placed in standard Matrigel culture. As with the colonoids, the monolayers exhibited compartmentalization of proliferative and differentiated cells, with proliferative cells located near the peripheral edges of growing monolayers and differentiated cells predominated in the central regions. Screening of 77 dietary compounds and metabolites revealed altered proliferation or differentiation of the murine colonic epithelium. When exposed to a subset of the compound library, murine organoids exhibited similar responses to that of the monolayer but with differences that were likely attributable to the inaccessible organoid lumen. The response of the human primary epithelium to a compound subset was distinct from that of both the murine primary epithelium and human tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that a self-renewing 2-D murine and human monolayer derived from primary cells can serve as a physiologically relevant assay system for study of stem cell renewal and differentiation and for compound screening. The platform holds transformative potential for personalized and precision medicine and can be applied to emerging areas of disease modeling and microbiome studies.
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Key Words
- 2-D, two-dimensional
- 3-D, three-dimensional
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- CAG, cytomegalovirus enhancer plus chicken actin promoter
- CI, confidence interval
- Colonic Epithelial Cells
- Compound Screening
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EDU, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- ENR-W, cell medium with [Wnt-3A] of 30 ng/mL
- ENR-w, cell medium with [Wnt-3A] of 10 ng/mL
- HISC, human intestinal stem cell medium
- IACUC, Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
- ISC, intestinal stem cell
- Monolayer
- Organoids
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PDMS, polydimethylsiloxane
- RFP, red fluorescent protein
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- SSMD, strictly standardized mean difference
- UNC, University of North Carolina
- α-ChgA, anti-chromogranin A
- α-Muc2, anti-mucin2
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Matthew DiSalvo
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Dulan B. Gunasekara
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Johanna Dutton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Angela Proctor
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Michael S. Lebhar
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Ian A. Williamson
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer Speer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Riley L. Howard
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nicole M. Smiddy
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Scott J. Bultman
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Christopher E. Sims
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Scott T. Magness
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Nancy L. Allbritton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina,Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Nancy L. Allbritton, MD, PhD, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599. fax: (919) 962-2388.Department of ChemistryUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth Carolina 27599
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7
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Saygin M, Ozturk O, Ozmen O, Ilhan I, Gonca T, Gumral N, Orhan H, Aslankoc R. The impact of methotrexate on lung inflammatory and apoptotic pathway biomarkers-The role of gallic acid. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:1689-1696. [PMID: 27876213 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of methotrexate (MTX) on the lung via inflammatory and apoptotic pathway biomarkers and the role of gallic acid (GA). METHODS In this study, twenty four male Wistar-Albino rats weighing 300-350g were divided into 3 groups as follows; Control group (0.1ml/oral saline, for 7 days+2nd day i.p.). MTX group (20mg/kg, single dose, on 2nd day). MTX+GA group (15mg/kg, orally, for 7 days). Comet analysis, oxidant-antioxidant status, IMA were conducted. Histopathological analyses were evaluated. RESULTS Comet assay on the blood, TOS and OSI values in the lung were increased in the group II compared with the control group (p<0.05). GA significantly reduced the comet score and IMA levels in the blood, TOS and OSI values in the lung tissue in group III compared with group II (p<0.05). Immunohistochemically PGE2, TNF-α, CRP, serum SAA, Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 expressions significantly increased in group II compared with the control group (p<0.001) and GA treatment ameliorated these parameters significantly in group III compared with group II (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS MTX caused oxidative stress and DNA damage in the blood tissue and caused oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis in the lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Saygin
- Department of Physiology, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Onder Ozturk
- Department of Chest Diseases, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozmen
- Department of Pathology Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Ilter Ilhan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Taner Gonca
- Clinic of Chest Diseases, Isparta State Hospital, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Gumral
- Department of Physiology, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Orhan
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Rahime Aslankoc
- Department of Physiology, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey
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Pal K, Chandra F, Mallick S, Koner AL. pH dependent supramolecular recognition of dapoxyl sodium sulfonate with 2-hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin: an application towards food-additive formulation. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03415a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
pH dependent host–guest complexation of dapoxyl sodium sulfonate (DSS), an intramolecular charge transfer dye, with 2-hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) has been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Pal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal
- India
| | - Falguni Chandra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal
- India
| | - Suman Mallick
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal
- India
| | - Apurba L. Koner
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal
- India
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9
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Kim KH, Yoon G, Cho JJ, Cho JH, Cho YS, Chae JI, Shim JH. Licochalcone A induces apoptosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma through downregulation of Sp1 and subsequent activation of mitochondria-related apoptotic pathway. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:1385-92. [PMID: 25586190 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LCA) is a natural product derived from the roots of Glycyrrhiza inflata exhibiting a wide range of bioactivities such as antitumor, anti-oxidant and anti-bacterial effects. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an extremely aggressive type of cancer with a poor prognosis because of its rapid progression. However, LCA has not been investigated concerning its effects on MPM. Preliminarily, we observed that LCA negatively modulated not only cell growth, but also specificity protein 1 (Sp1) expression in MSTO-211H and H28 cell lines. It was found that IC50 values of LCA for growth inhibition of MSTO-211H and H28 cells were approximately 26 and 30 µM, respectively. Consistent with downregulation of Sp1, expression of Sp1 regulatory proteins such as Cyclin D1, Mcl-1 and Survivin was substantially diminished. Mechanistically, LCA triggered the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by affecting the ratio of mitochondrial proapoptotic Bax to anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL. Bid induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, eventually leading to multi-caspase activation and increased sub-G1 population. Moreover, nuclear staining with DAPI highlighted nuclear condensation and fragmentation of apoptotic features. Flow cytometry analyses after staining cells with Annexin V and propiodium iodide corroborated LCA-mediated apoptotic cell death of MPM cells. In conclusion, these results present that LCA may be a potential bioactive material to control human MPM cells by apoptosis via the downregulation of Sp1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Hwi Kim
- Natural Medicine Research Institute, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 534-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo Yoon
- Natural Medicine Research Institute, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 534-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Jae Cho
- Natural Medicine Research Institute, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 534-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hyoung Cho
- Department of Oral Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 651-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sik Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1000 Sindang-dong, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Il Chae
- Department of Oral Pharmacology, School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 plus, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 651-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Natural Medicine Research Institute, Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 534-729, Republic of Korea
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10
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Subramanian AP, John AA, Vellayappan MV, Balaji A, Jaganathan SK, Supriyanto E, Yusof M. Gallic acid: prospects and molecular mechanisms of its anticancer activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02727f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic acid found in many dietary substances. It is a natural compound found in gallnuts, sumac, witch-hazel, clove, tealeaves, oak bark, sundew and other plants. Edibles like blackberry, hot chocolate, common walnut and Indian gooseberry contain GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Subramanian
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - A. A. John
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - M. V. Vellayappan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - A. Balaji
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - S. K. Jaganathan
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - Eko Supriyanto
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
| | - Mustafa Yusof
- IJN-UTM Cardiovascular Engineering Centre
- Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
- Johor Bahru 81310
- Malaysia
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