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Yang T, Li L, Heng C, Sha P, Wang Y, Shen J, Jiang Z, Qian S, Wei C, Yang H, Zhu X, Wang T, Wu M, Wang J, Lu Q, Yin X. Sodium butyrate ameliorated diabetic nephropathy-associated tubulointerstitial inflammation by modulating the tight junctions of renal tubular epithelial cells. Food Funct 2024; 15:2628-2644. [PMID: 38358014 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00940d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most significant pathological changes of diabetic nephropathy (DN), tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) had a close relationship with tubulointerstitial inflammation (TI), and the occurrence of TI could have resulted from the disrupted tight junctions (TJs) of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs). Studies have demonstrated that sodium butyrate (NaB), a typical short chain fatty acid (SCFA), played an important regulatory role in intestinal TJs and inflammation. In this study, our in vivo and in vitro results showed that accompanied by TI, renal tubular TJs were gradually disrupted in the process of DN-related TIF. In HG and LPS co-cultured HK-2 cells and db/db mice, NaB treatment regained the TJs of RTECs via the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1PR1)/AMPK signaling pathway, relieving inflammation. Small interfering RNA of S1PR1, S1PR1 antagonist W146 and agonist SEW2871, and AMPK agonist AICAR were all used to further confirm the essential role of the S1PR1/AMPK signaling pathway in NaB's TJ protection in RTECs in vitro. Finally, NaB administration not only improved the renal function and TIF, but also relieved the TI of db/db mice. These findings suggested that the use of NaB might be a potential adjuvant treatment strategy for DN-associated TIF, and this protective effect was linked to the TJ modulation of RTECs via the S1PR1/AMPK signaling pathway, leading to the improvement of TI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Cai Heng
- Department of Pharmacy, JingJiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang 214500, China
| | - Pian Sha
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Yiying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Jiaming Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Sitong Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Chujing Wei
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzhou Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The affiliated hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, China
| | - Mengying Wu
- New drug screening center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
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2
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Yang T, Li L, Pang J, Heng C, Wei C, Wang X, Xia Z, Huang X, Zhang L, Jiang Z. Modulating intestinal barrier function by sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 specific agonist SEW2871 attenuated ANIT-induced cholestatic hepatitis via the gut-liver axis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111150. [PMID: 37924700 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Bile acid (BA) homeostasis throughout the enterohepatic circulation system is a guarantee of liver physiological functions. BA circulation disorders is one of the characteristic clinical manifestations of cholestasis, and have a closely relationship with intestinal barrier function, especially ileum. Here, our in vivo and in vitro studies showed that intestinal tight junctions (TJs) were disrupted by α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT), which also down-regulated the protein expression of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) in the top of villus of mice ileum. Activating S1PR1 by specific agonist SEW2871 could improve TJs via inhibiting ERK1/2/LKB1/AMPK signaling pathway in the ileum of ANIT-treated mice and ANIT-cultured Caco-2 cells. SEW2871 not only regained ileum TJs by activating S1PR1 in the epithelial cells of ileum mucosa, but also recovered ileum barrier function, which was further verified by the recovered BA homeostasis in mice ileum (content and tissue) by using of high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Subsequently, the improved intestinal injury and inflammation further strengthened that SEW2871 modulated intestinal barrier function in ANIT-treated mice. Finally, our data revealed that along with the down-regulated levels of serum lipopolysaccharides (LPS), SEW2871 improved liver function and relieved hepatitis via blocking TLR4/MyD88/NF-kB signaling pathway in ANIT-treated mice. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that activating intestinal S1PR1 by SEW2871 could modulate intestinal barrier function, leading to the improvement of cholestatic hepatitis in ANIT-treated mice via the "gut-liver" axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Lin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Jiale Pang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Cai Heng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Chujing Wei
- New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xue Wang
- New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ziyin Xia
- New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Huang
- New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- New Drug Screening Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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3
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Cao P, Gan J, Wu S, Hu Y, Xia B, Li X, Zeng H, Cheng B, Yu H, Li F, Si L, Huang J. Molecular mechanisms of hepatoprotective effect of tectorigenin against ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury: Role of FXR and Nrf2 pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2023:113914. [PMID: 37348807 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Cholestatic liver injury is caused by toxic action or allergic reaction, resulting in abnormality of bile formation and excretion. Few effective therapies have become available for the treatment of cholestasis. Herein, we found that tectorigenin (TG), a natural isoflavone, showed definite protective effects on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestatic liver injury, significantly reversing the abnormality of plasma alanine/aspartate aminotransferase, total/direct bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase, as well as hepatic reactive oxygen species, catalase and superoxide dismutase. Importantly, the targeted metabolomic determination found that BA homeostasis could be well maintained in TG-treated cholestatic mice, especially the levels of glycocholic acid, tauromuricholic acid, taurocholic acid, taurolithocholic acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid and taurodeoxycholic acid. Overall, primary/secondary and amidated/unamidated bile acid (BA) levels were significantly altered upon ANIT stimulation but could be restored by TG intervention to certain extents. In addition, TG boosted the expression of farnesoid x receptor (FXR), which in turn upregulated multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) and bile salt export pump (BSEP) to accelerate the excretion of BA. Meanwhile, TG enhanced the expression of Nrf2 and its upstream genes PI3K/Akt and downstream target genes HO-1, NQO1, GCLC and GCLM to strengthen the antioxidant capacity. Taken together, TG plays a vital role in maintaining BA homeostasis and ameliorating cholestatic liver injury through regulating FXR-mediated BA efflux and Nrf2-mediated antioxidative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Jun Gan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Sanlan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yixin Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaoyue Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hongan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bingyu Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huifan Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Fei Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Luqin Si
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Jiangeng Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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4
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Mao XR, Zhang XX, Xu ZQ, Zhao N, Fu L, Peng SF, Chai J. Hepatic interleukin 32 attenuates liver injury through repression of necroptosis in cholestasis. J Dig Dis 2023; 24:293-304. [PMID: 37261903 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the association between interleukin (IL)-32 and necroptosis in cholestatic liver injury. METHODS Levels of necroptosis-related markers in cholestatic and control patients, including the receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3), receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1), and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) were measured. Animal experiments in C57BL/6J and transgenic mice with IL32β/γ overexpression were also conducted to confirm the effect of IL-32 on necroptosis in cholestasis, which was induced by α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) and 1% lithocholic acid (LCA). PLC/PRF/5-ASBT and primary mouse hepatocytes were utilized for the investigation of the regulation and mechanism of IL-32 in cholestasis. RESULTS In the liver tissues of cholestatic patients, the mRNA and protein expressions of RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL were increased and associated with IL-32 expression. In addition, expressions of these indicators in the liver of 1% LCA- and ANIT-induced mouse models were significantly increased, while they were markedly decreased in hIL32βLTg and hIL32γLTg mice. After bile acid stimulation, IL-32 and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) expressions significantly elevated in a dose-dependent manner. After treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-32 inhibited MLKL expression in primary mouse hepatocytes. CONCLUSION IL-32 is negatively associated with necroptosis in cholestatic patients. Moreover, IL-32 is induced by p-Akt and effectively attenuates necroptosis in ANIT- or 1% LCA-induced cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Ru Mao
- Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Certer and Center for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital) to Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Xun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Certer and Center for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital) to Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zi Qian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Certer and Center for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital) to Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Certer and Center for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital) to Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Fu
- Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shi Fang Peng
- Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jin Chai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Certer and Center for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital) to Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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5
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Zhu DH, Zhang YH, Ou-Yang XX, Meng XH, Cao QY, Yu XP, Lu J, Li LJ, Su KK. Expression, Prognostic Value, and Functional Mechanism of Polarity-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12784. [PMID: 36361574 PMCID: PMC9655479 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor with high mortality and poor prognoses around the world. Within-cell polarity is crucial to cell development and function maintenance, and some studies have found that it is closely related to cancer initiation, metastasis, and prognosis. The aim of our research was to find polarity-related biomarkers which improve the treatment and prognosis of HCC. For the knowledge-driven analysis, 189 polarity-related genes (PRGs) were retrieved and curated manually from the molecular signatures database and reviews. Meanwhile, in the data-driven part, genomic datasets and clinical records of HCC was obtained from the cancer genome atlas database. The potential candidates were considered in the respect to differential expression, mutation rate, and prognostic value. Sixty-one PRGs that passed the knowledge and data-driven screening were applied for function analysis and mechanism deduction. Elastic net model combing least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and ridge regression analysis refined the input into a 12-PRG risk model, and its pharmaceutical potency was evaluated. These findings demonstrated that the integration of multi-omics of PRGs can help us in untangling the liver cancer pathogenesis as well as illustrate the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lan-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Kun-Kai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
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6
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Zhou Y, Zhou Y, Li Y, Sun W, Wang Z, Chen L, He Y, Niu X, Chen J, Yao G. Targeted bile acid profiles reveal the liver injury amelioration of Da-Chai-Hu decoction against ANIT- and BDL-induced cholestasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:959074. [PMID: 36059946 PMCID: PMC9437253 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.959074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple types of liver diseases, particularly cholestatic liver diseases (CSLDs) and biliary diseases, can disturb bile acid (BA) secretion; however, BA accumulation is currently seen as an important incentive of various types of liver diseases’ progression. Da-Chai-Hu decoction (DCHD) has long been used for treating cholestatic liver diseases; however, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Currently, our study indicates that the liver damage and cholestasis status of the α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced intrahepatic cholestasis and bile duct ligation (BDL)-induced extrahepatic cholestasis, following DCHD treatment, were improved; the changes of BA metabolism post-DCHD treatment were investigated by targeted metabolomics profiling by UPLC-MS/MS. DCHD treatment severely downregulated serum biochemical levels and relieved inflammation and the corresponding pathological changes including necrosis, inflammatory infiltration, ductular proliferation, and periductal fibrosis in liver tissue. The experimental results suggested that DCHD treatment altered the size, composition, and distribution of the BAs pool, led the BAs pool of the serum and liver to sharply shrink, especially TCA and TMCA, and enhanced BA secretion into the gallbladder and the excretion of BAs by the urinary and fecal pathway; the levels of BAs synthesized by the alternative pathway were increased in the liver, and the conjugation of BAs and the pathway of BA synthesis were actually affected. In conclusion, DCHD ameliorated ANIT- and BDL-induced cholestatic liver injury by reversing the disorder of BAs profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- YueHua Zhou
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - YunZhong Zhou
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Preparation Research, Jinghua Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China
| | - YiFei Li
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - ZhaoLong Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Preparation Research, Jinghua Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China
| | - Long Chen
- Experimental Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye He
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Preparation Research, Jinghua Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, China
| | - XiaoLong Niu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialiang Chen
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangtao Yao
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guangtao Yao,
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7
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Wang Z, Liu H, Li L, Li Y, Yan H, Yuan Y. Modulation of Disordered Bile Acid Homeostasis and Hepatic Tight Junctions Using Salidroside against Hepatocyte Apoptosis in Furan-Induced Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10031-10043. [PMID: 35939816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Furan, a processing-induced food contaminant, has attracted great attention due to its hepatotoxicity. To further investigate the underlying mechanism of salidroside (SAL) alleviating furan-induced liver damage, we divided Balb/c mice into the control group, the furan (8 mg/kg/day) group, and three groups of three different doses of SAL (10/20/40 mg/kg/day) in the current research. The shifted serum profile was observed through untargeted metabonomics, to which the bile acid metabolism was related, and the alleviating effect of SAL against furan-induced apoptosis was caused by the metabolism. Target bile acid quantification for the liver and serum showed that SAL positively regulated the homeostasis of bile acids disturbed by furan. Meanwhile, SAL significantly upregulated the synthesis genes of bile acids (Cyp7a1, Cyp7b1, Cyp8b1, and Cyp27a1) and the uptake transport genes (Ntcp and Oatps) and downregulated the efflux transport genes (Bsep, Ost-α, Ost-β, Mrp2, and Mrp4). Transmission electron microscopy of the bile canaliculi and tight junctions and the levels of tight junction marker proteins (ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1) confirmed that the disruption of the hepatic tight junction was inhibited by SAL. The connection between the apoptosis- and tight junction-related proteins was observed through the construction of a protein-protein interaction network. SAL suppressed the furan-induced hepatocyte apoptosis evidenced by the detection of TUNEL and Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 levels. Taken together, SAL alleviated furan-induced hepatocyte apoptosis via altering the disordered homeostasis of bile acids and hepatic tight junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Lu Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yucai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haiyang Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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8
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Li W, Chen H, Qian Y, Wang S, Luo Z, Shan J, Kong X, Gao Y. Integrated Lipidomics and Metabolomics Study of Four Chemically Induced Mouse Models of Acute Intrahepatic Cholestasis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:907271. [PMID: 35754480 PMCID: PMC9213752 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.907271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithocholic acid (LCA), alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT), 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC), and ethinyl estradiol (EE) are four commonly used chemicals for the construction of acute intrahepatic cholestasis. In order to better understand the mechanisms of acute cholestasis caused by these chemicals, the metabolic characteristics of each model were summarized using lipidomics and metabolomics techniques. The results showed that the bile acid profile was altered in all models. The lipid metabolism phenotype of the LCA group was most similar to that of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) patients. The ANIT group and the DDC group had similar metabolic disorder characteristics, which were speculated to be related to hepatocyte necrosis and inflammatory pathway activation. The metabolic profile of the EE group was different from other models, suggesting that estrogen-induced cholestasis had its special mechanism. Ceramide and acylcarnitine accumulation was observed in all model groups, indicating that acute cholestasis was closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction. With a deeper understanding of the mechanism of acute intrahepatic cholestasis, this study also provided a reference for the selection of appropriate chemicals for cholestatic liver disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Department of Formulaology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Central Laboratory, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihan Qian
- Central Laboratory, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouchuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zichen Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Shan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoni Kong
- Central Laboratory, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqiu Gao
- Central Laboratory, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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9
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Wu W, Li K, Ran X, Wang W, Xu X, Zhang Y, Wei X, Zhang T. Combination of resveratrol and luteolin ameliorates α-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestasis by regulating the bile acid homeostasis and suppressing oxidative stress. Food Funct 2022; 13:7098-7111. [PMID: 35697346 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00521b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cholestasis is a common liver injury without any effective therapeutic drugs so far. Resveratrol (RES) and luteolin (LUT) are natural polyphenols that exert protective effects on multiple liver injuries. Coadministration of RES and LUT could significantly improve the bioavailability of LUT and increase the systemic exposure to RES, and the combined treatment could also benefit from their multi-component and multi-target characteristics. Our current aim is to study the protective effects of coadministration of RES and LUT on α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis. Serum biochemical indices and liver histopathology in rats indicated that coadministration of RES and LUT could improve liver function by suppressing oxidative stress. Dysregulated bile acid (BA) homeostasis is a significant pathological feature of cholestasis, which was determined to explore the potential biomarkers and to clarify the protection mechanism of coadministration of RES and LUT. The levels of cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, taurine conjugates and glycine conjugates, and the ratios of taurine conjugates to their free forms could be used as diagnosis indicators for cholestasis in rats. Furthermore, the coadministration of RES and LUT could restore the BA levels and exert better protective effects than administration alone. This study suggested that the coadministration of RES and LUT could protect against ANIT-induced cholestasis and the mechanism was closely related to regulating BA homeostasis and suppressing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiaohua Ran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiaolan Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiuyan Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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10
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Feng H, Hu Y, Zhou S, Lu Y. Farnesoid X receptor contributes to oleanolic acid‐induced cholestatic liver injury in mice. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1323-1336. [PMID: 35128688 PMCID: PMC9546401 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a nuclear receptor involved in the metabolism of bile acid. However, the molecular signaling of FXR in bile acid homeostasis in cholestatic drug‐induced liver injury remains unclear. Oleanolic acid (OA), a natural triterpenoid, has been reported to produce evident cholestatic liver injury in mice after a long‐term use. The present study aimed to investigate the role of FXR in OA‐induced cholestatic liver injury in mice using C57BL/6J (WT) mice and FXR knockout (FXR−/−) mice. The results showed that a significant alleviation in OA‐induced cholestatic liver injury was observed in FXR−/− mice as evidenced by decreases in serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase as well as reduced hepatocyte necrosis. UPLC‐MS analysis of bile acids revealed that the contents of bile acids decreased significantly in liver and serum, while increased in the bile in FXR−/− mice compared with in WT mice. In addition, the mRNA expressions of hepatic transporter Bsep, bile acid synthesis enzymes Bacs and Baat, and bile acids detoxifying enzymes Cyp3a11, Cyp2b10, Ephx1, Ugt1a1, and Ugt2b5 were increased in liver tissues of FXR−/− mice treated with OA. Furthermore, the expression of membrane protein BSEP was significantly higher in livers of FXR−/− mice compared with WT mice treated with OA. These results demonstrate that knockout of FXR may alleviate OA‐induced cholestatic liver injury in mice by decreasing accumulation of bile acids both in the liver and serum, increasing the export of bile acids via the bile, and by upregulation of bile acids detoxification enzymes. Oleanolic acid (OA) induces cholestatic liver injury in mice after a long‐term use. Here we demonstrated a significant alleviation in OA‐induced cholestatic liver injury in Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) knockout (FXR‐/‐) mice as compared to the wildtype mice. Downregulation of FXR decreased contents of bile acids in liver and serum, while increased the contents in the bile. In addition, the expression of membrane protein BSEP was significantly higher in livers of FXR‐/‐ mice compared to WT mice treated with OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Feng
- People’s Hospital of Zunyi City Bo Zhou District Zunyi Guizhou China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of the Ministry of Education Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou China
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of the Ministry of Education Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou China
| | - Shaoyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of the Ministry of Education Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou China
| | - Yuanfu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of the Ministry of Education Zunyi Medical University Zunyi Guizhou China
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11
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Hefler J, Marfil-Garza BA, Pawlick RL, Freed DH, Karvellas CJ, Bigam DL, Shapiro AMJ. Preclinical models of acute liver failure: a comprehensive review. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12579. [PMID: 34966588 PMCID: PMC8667744 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure is marked by the rapid deterioration of liver function in a previously well patient over period of days to weeks. Though relatively rare, it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This makes it a challenging disease to study clinically, necessitating reliance on preclinical models as means to explore pathophysiology and novel therapies. Preclinical models of acute liver failure are artificial by nature, and generally fall into one of three categories: surgical, pharmacologic or immunogenic. This article reviews preclinical models of acute liver failure and considers their relevance in modeling clinical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Hefler
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Braulio A Marfil-Garza
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,National Institutes of Medical Sciences & Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico.,CHRISTUS-LatAm Hub Excellence & Innovation Center, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Rena L Pawlick
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Darren H Freed
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Constantine J Karvellas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - David L Bigam
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A M James Shapiro
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Clinical Islet Transplant Program, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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12
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Zu Y, Yang J, Zhang C, Liu D. The Pathological Mechanisms of Estrogen-Induced Cholestasis: Current Perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:761255. [PMID: 34819862 PMCID: PMC8606790 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.761255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens are steroid hormones with a wide range of biological activities. The excess of estrogens can lead to decreased bile flow, toxic bile acid (BA) accumulation, subsequently causing intrahepatic cholestasis. Estrogen-induced cholestasis (EIC) may have increased incidence during pregnancy, and within women taking oral contraception and postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy, and result in liver injury, preterm birth, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and intrauterine fetal death in pregnant women. The main pathogenic mechanisms of EIC may include deregulation of BA synthetic or metabolic enzymes, and BA transporters. In addition, impaired cell membrane fluidity, inflammatory responses and change of hepatocyte tight junctions are also involved in the pathogenesis of EIC. In this article, we review the role of estrogens in intrahepatic cholestasis, and outlined the mechanisms of EIC, providing a greater understanding of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zu
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinyu Yang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Altered integrity of hepatocyte tight junctions in rats with triptolide-induced cholestasis. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:188-194. [PMID: 33781452 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Triptolide (TP), an active component of Tripterygium wilfordiiHook. f. (TWHF), has been widely used for centuries as a traditional Chinese medicine. However, the clinical application of TP has been restricted due to multitarget toxicity, such as hepatotoxicity. In this study, 28 days of oral TP administration (100, 200, or 400 μg·kg-1·d-1) induced the occurrence of cholestasis in female Wistar rats, as evidenced by increased serum levels of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and hepatic total bile acids (TBAs). In addition, the heptocyte polarity associated with the strcture of tight junctions (TJs) was disrupted in both rats and sandwich-cultured primary hepatocytes. Immunoblotting revealed decreased expression of the TJ-associated proteins occludin, claudin-1, and zonula occludens protein (ZO-1), and downregulated mRNA levels of these TJs was also detected by real-time PCR. An immunofluorescence analysis showed abnormal subcellular localization of occludin, claudin-1 and ZO-1, which was also confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the concentration of FITC-dextran, a marker of paracellular penetration, was found to increase rapidly in bile increased rapidly (within 6 minutes) after treatment with TP, which indicated the functional impairment of TJs. Taken together, these results suggest that the administration of TP for 28 consecutive days to rats could induce cholestatic injury in the liver, and the increased paracellular permeability might play an important role in these pathological changes.
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14
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Yang T, Wang X, Zhou Y, Yu Q, Heng C, Yang H, Yuan Z, Miao Y, Chai Y, Wu Z, Sun L, Huang X, Liu B, Jiang Z, Zhang L. SEW2871 attenuates ANIT-induced hepatotoxicity by protecting liver barrier function via sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1-mediated AMPK signaling pathway. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 37:595-609. [PMID: 33400020 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09567-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cholestatic liver injury, a group of diseases characterized with dysregulated bile acid (BA) homeostasis, was partly resulted from BA circulation disorders, which is commonly associated with the damage of hepatocyte barrier function. However, the underlying hepatocyte barrier-protective molecular mechanisms of cholestatic liver injury remain poorly understood. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) participated in the process of cholestasis by activating its G protein-coupled receptors S1PRs, regaining the integrity of hepatocyte tight junctions (TJs). Here, we showed that SEW2871, a selective agonist of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1(S1PR1), alleviated ANIT-induced TJs damage in 3D-cultured mice primary hepatocytes. Molecular mechanism studies indicated that AMPK signaling pathways was involved in TJs protection of SEW2871 in ANIT-induced hepatobiliary barrier function deficiency. AMPK antagonist compound C (CC) and agonist AICAR were all used to further identify the important role of AMPK signaling pathway in SEW2871's TJs protection of ANIT-treated mice primary hepatocytes. The in vivo data showed that SEW2871 ameliorated ANIT-induced cholestatic hepatotoxicity. Further protection mechanism research demonstrated that SEW2871 not only regained hepatocyte TJs by the upregulated S1PR1 via AMPK signaling pathway, but also recovered hepatobiliary barrier function deficiency, which was verified by the restored BA homeostasis by using of high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These results revealed that the increased expression of S1PR1 induced by SEW2871 could ameliorate ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury through improving liver barrier function via AMPK signaling and subsequently reversed the disrupted BA homeostasis. Our study provided strong evidence that S1PR1 may be a promising therapeutic approach for treating intrahepatic cholestatic liver injury. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xue Wang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qiongna Yu
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Cai Heng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zihang Yuan
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yingying Miao
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chai
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ziteng Wu
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xin Huang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China. .,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China. .,New Drug Screening Center, Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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15
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Xia Q, Shu Z, Ye T, Zhang M. Identification and Analysis of the Blood lncRNA Signature for Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Genet 2020; 11:595699. [PMID: 33365048 PMCID: PMC7750531 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.595699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common malignant tumors, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth major cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. In 90% of cases, HCC develops in the context of liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important etiology for cirrhosis and HCC, accounting for 53% of all HCC cases. To understand the underlying mechanisms of the dynamic chain reactions from normal to HBV infection, from HBV infection to liver cirrhosis, from liver cirrhosis to HCC, we analyzed the blood lncRNA expression profiles from 38 healthy control samples, 45 chronic hepatitis B patients, 46 liver cirrhosis patients, and 46 HCC patients. Advanced machine-learning methods including Monte Carlo feature selection, incremental feature selection (IFS), and support vector machine (SVM) were applied to discover the signature associated with HCC progression and construct the prediction model. One hundred seventy-one key HCC progression-associated lncRNAs were identified and their overall accuracy was 0.823 as evaluated with leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV). The accuracies of the lncRNA signature for healthy control, chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, and HCC were 0.895, 0.711, 0.870, and 0.826, respectively. The 171-lncRNA signature is not only useful for early detection and intervention of HCC, but also helpful for understanding the multistage tumorigenic processes of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheyue Shu
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Ye
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Yang T, Yang H, Heng C, Wang H, Chen S, Hu Y, Jiang Z, Yu Q, Wang Z, Qian S, Wang J, Wang T, Du L, Lu Q, Yin X. Amelioration of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by sodium butyrate is linked to the modulation of intestinal tight junctions in db/db mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:10675-10689. [PMID: 33216087 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01954b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal microenvironment, a potential factor that contributes to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), has a close relationship with intestinal tight junctions (TJs). Here, we show that the disruption of intestinal TJs in the intestines of 16-week-old db/db mice and in high glucose (HG)-cultured Caco-2 cells can both be improved by sodium butyrate (NaB) in a dose-dependent manner in vitro and in vivo. Accompanying the improved intestinal TJs, NaB not only relieved intestine inflammation of db/db mice and HG and LPS co-cultured Caco-2 cells but also restored intestinal Takeda G-protein-coupled (TGR5) expression, resulting in up-regulated serum GLP-1 levels. Subsequently, the GLP-1 analogue Exendin-4 was used to examine the improvement of lipid accumulation in HG and free fatty acid (FFA) co-cultured HepG2 cells. Finally, we used 16-week-old db/db mice to examine the hepatoprotective effects of NaB and its producing strain Clostridium butyricum. Our data showed that NaB and Clostridium butyricum treatment significantly reduced the levels of blood glucose and serum transaminase and markedly reduced T2DM-induced histological alterations of the liver, together with improved liver inflammation and lipid accumulation. These findings suggest that NaB and Clostridium butyricum are a potential adjuvant treatment strategy for T2DM-induced NAFLD; their hepatoprotective effect was linked to the modulation of intestinal TJs, causing the restoration of glucose and lipid metabolism and the improvement of inflammation in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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17
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Yang T, Wang X, Yuan Z, Miao Y, Wu Z, Chai Y, Yu Q, Wang H, Sun L, Huang X, Zhang L, Jiang Z. Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 specific agonist SEW2871 ameliorates ANIT-induced dysregulation of bile acid homeostasis in mice plasma and liver. Toxicol Lett 2020; 331:242-253. [PMID: 32579994 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated bile acid (BA) homeostasis is an extremely significant pathological phenomenon of intrahepatic cholestasis, and the accumulated BA could further trigger hepatocyte injury. Here, we showed that the expression of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) was down-regulated by α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) in vivo and in vitro. The up-regulated S1PR1 induced by SEW2871 (a specific agonist of S1PR1) could improve ANIT-induced deficiency of hepatocyte tight junctions (TJs), cholestatic liver injury and the disrupted BA homeostasis in mice. BA metabolic profiles showed that SEW2871 not only reversed the disruption of plasma BA homeostasis, but also alleviated BA accumulation in the liver of ANIT-treated mice. Further quantitative analysis of 19 BAs showed that ANIT increased almost all BAs in mice plasma and liver, all of which were restored by SEW2871. Our data demonstrated that the top performing BAs were taurine conjugated bile acids (T-), especially taurocholic acid (TCA). Molecular mechanism studies indicated that BA transporters, synthetase, and BAs nuclear receptors (NRs) might be the important factors that maintained BA homeostasis by SEW2871 in ANIT-induced cholestasis. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that S1PR1 selective agonists might be the novel and potential effective agents for the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis by recovering dysregulated BA homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zihang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yingying Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ziteng Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiongna Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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18
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The role of invariant natural killer T cells in experimental xenobiotic-induced cholestatic hepatotoxicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 122:109579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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19
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Morgan K, Gamal W, Samuel K, Morley SD, Hayes PC, Bagnaninchi P, Plevris JN. Application of Impedance-Based Techniques in Hepatology Research. J Clin Med 2019; 9:jcm9010050. [PMID: 31878354 PMCID: PMC7019217 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a variety of end-point assays and techniques available to monitor hepatic cell cultures and study toxicity within in vitro models. These commonly focus on one aspect of cell metabolism and are often destructive to cells. Impedance-based cellular assays (IBCAs) assess biological functions of cell populations in real-time by measuring electrical impedance, which is the resistance to alternating current caused by the dielectric properties of proliferating of cells. While the uses of IBCA have been widely reported for a number of tissues, specific uses in the study of hepatic cell cultures have not been reported to date. IBCA monitors cellular behaviour throughout experimentation non-invasively without labelling or damage to cell cultures. The data extrapolated from IBCA can be correlated to biological events happening within the cell and therefore may inform drug toxicity studies or other applications within hepatic research. Because tight junctions comprise the blood/biliary barrier in hepatocytes, there are major consequences when these junctions are disrupted, as many pathologies centre around the bile canaliculi and flow of bile out of the liver. The application of IBCA in hepatology provides a unique opportunity to assess cellular polarity and patency of tight junctions, vital to maintaining normal hepatic function. Here, we describe how IBCAs have been applied to measuring the effect of viral infection, drug toxicity /IC50, cholangiopathies, cancer metastasis and monitoring of the gut-liver axis. We also highlight key areas of research where IBCAs could be used in future applications within the field of hepatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Morgan
- The University of Edinburgh Hepatology Laboratory, Division of Heath Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Chancellor’s Building, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (S.D.M.); (P.C.H.); (J.N.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Wesam Gamal
- James Nasmyth Building, Institute of Mechanical, Process and Energy Engineering, Heriot-Watt University School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK;
| | - Kay Samuel
- The Jack Copland Centre, Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, 52 Research Avenue North, Edinburgh EH14 4BE, UK;
| | - Steven D. Morley
- The University of Edinburgh Hepatology Laboratory, Division of Heath Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Chancellor’s Building, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (S.D.M.); (P.C.H.); (J.N.P.)
| | - Peter C. Hayes
- The University of Edinburgh Hepatology Laboratory, Division of Heath Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Chancellor’s Building, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (S.D.M.); (P.C.H.); (J.N.P.)
| | - Pierre Bagnaninchi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine 5 Little France Drive, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK;
| | - John N. Plevris
- The University of Edinburgh Hepatology Laboratory, Division of Heath Sciences, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Chancellor’s Building, Edinburgh BioQuarter, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (S.D.M.); (P.C.H.); (J.N.P.)
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20
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Wu JS, Liu Q, Fang SH, Liu X, Zheng M, Wang TM, Zhang H, Liu P, Zhou H, Ma YM. Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Protective Effects of Huangqi Decoction Against Acute Cholestatic Liver Injury by Inhibiting the NF-κB/IL-6/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. J Proteome Res 2019; 19:677-687. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shan-Hua Fang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | | | | | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and CAS Key Laboratory for Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Number 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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Li W, Yuan F, Wang LY. Mechanism, prevention, and treatment of drug-induced cholestasis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2019; 27:1295-1303. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v27.i21.1295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced cholestasis (DIC) refers to the accumulation of bile acid in the liver or systemic circulation due to the obstruction of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile flow caused by various prescription or non-prescription chemicals, biological agents, traditional Chinese medicines, natural drugs, and their metabolites. In recent years, the incidence of DIC, a common manifestation of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), has been increasing with the aging of the population, the increase of the variety of clinical medications, and the more common use of combined drugs. Therefore, DIC has attracted wide attention from medical professionals, including clinical pharmacists. Hepatic injury induced by DIC is a complex process, which is triggered by two types of biological reactions: the deteriorative response, caused by bile acid accumulation, and the adaptive response aiming at removing the accumulated bile acids. Current studies have shown that several factors can trigger DIC, including changes of functions or microstructures of membrane transporters, hepatocytes, and bile ducts. There is still a lack of specific effective treatment for DIC. Timely withdrawal of suspected liver-injuring drugs is the most important strategy for DIC, and appropriate drugs should be then chosen to relieve the condition based on the clinical type of DIC and symptoms such as itching. For very few patients with severe liver failure, liver transplantation should be considered to save their lives. As such, in-depth knowledge of the mechanism of DIC can help to optimize the prediction and pharmacovigillance model of DILI in vivo during drug development and afterwards marketing, and promote the improvement of prevention and treatment strategies and the development of related interventions. This article reviews the progress in the understanding of the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of DIC, with an aim to provide reference for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fang Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lai-You Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
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Key role of organic cation transporter 2 for the nephrotoxicity effect of triptolide in rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 77:105959. [PMID: 31644961 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. (TwHF), a traditional Chinese Medicine, is effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but its severe nephrotoxicity limits its extensive application. The nephrotoxic mechanism of Triptolide (TP), the main pharmacological and toxic component of TwHF, has not been fully revealed. This study was designed to explore the nephrotoxicity of TP in the RA state and the potential molecular mechanism. A rat collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model was constructed and administered with TP for 28 days in vivo. Results showed that the kidney injury induced by TP was aggravated in the CIA state, the concentration of TP in the renal cortex was higher than that of the medulla after TP administration in the CIA rats, and the expression of organic cation transporter 2 (Oct2) in kidney was up-regulated under CIA condition. Besides, rat kidney slice study demonstrated that TP was transported by Oct2 and this was confirmed by transient silencing and overexpression of OCT2 in HEK-293T cells. Furthermore, cytoinflammatory models on HK-2 and HEK-293T cell lines were constructed by exposure of TNF-α or IL-1β to further explore the TP's renal toxicity. Results suggested that TNF-α exposure aggravated TP's toxicity and up-regulated the protein expression of OCT2 in both cell lines. TNF-α treatment also increased the function of OCT2 and finally OCT2 silencing confirmed OCT2 mediated nephrotoxicity of TP in HEK-293T cells. In summary, the exposure of TNF-α in RA state induced the expression of OCT2, which transported more TP into kidney cortex, subsequently exacerbated the kidney injury.
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Deferm N, De Vocht T, Qi B, Van Brantegem P, Gijbels E, Vinken M, de Witte P, Bouillon T, Annaert P. Current insights in the complexities underlying drug-induced cholestasis. Crit Rev Toxicol 2019; 49:520-548. [PMID: 31589080 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2019.1635081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced cholestasis (DIC) poses a major challenge to the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory agencies. It causes both drug attrition and post-approval withdrawal of drugs. DIC represents itself as an impaired secretion and flow of bile, leading to the pathological hepatic and/or systemic accumulation of bile acids (BAs) and their conjugate bile salts. Due to the high number of mechanisms underlying DIC, predicting a compound's cholestatic potential during early stages of drug development remains elusive. A profound understanding of the different molecular mechanisms of DIC is, therefore, of utmost importance. Although many knowledge gaps and caveats still exist, it is generally accepted that alterations of certain hepatobiliary membrane transporters and changes in hepatocellular morphology may cause DIC. Consequently, liver models, which represent most of these mechanisms, are valuable tools to predict human DIC. Some of these models, such as membrane-based in vitro models, are exceptionally well-suited to investigate specific mechanisms (i.e. transporter inhibition) of DIC, while others, such as liver slices, encompass all relevant biological processes and, therefore, offer a better representation of the in vivo situation. In the current review, we highlight the principal molecular mechanisms associated with DIC and offer an overview and critical appraisal of the different liver models that are currently being used to predict the cholestatic potential of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neel Deferm
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom De Vocht
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bing Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Van Brantegem
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Gijbels
- Entity of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vinken
- Entity of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter de Witte
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Bouillon
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Annaert
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Drug Delivery and Disposition, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Yang H, Yang T, Heng C, Zhou Y, Jiang Z, Qian X, Du L, Mao S, Yin X, Lu Q. Quercetin improves nonalcoholic fatty liver by ameliorating inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in db/db mice. Phytother Res 2019; 33:3140-3152. [PMID: 31452288 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Multiphase pathological processes involve in Type 2 diabetes (T2DM)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the therapies are quite limited. In the present study, the hepatoprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of quercetin in T2DM-induced NAFLD were investigated. T2DM-induced NAFLD and quercetin treatment models were established in vivo and in vitro. The results revealed that quercetin alleviated serum transaminase levels and markedly reduced T2DM-induced histological alterations of livers. Additionally, quercetin restored superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione content in livers. Not only that, quercetin markedly attenuated T2DM-induced production of interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and TNF-α. Accompanied by the restoration of the increased serum total bile acid (p = .0001) and the decreased liver total bile acid (p = .0005), quercetin could reduce lipid accumulation in the liver of db/db mice. Further mechanism studies showed that farnesoid X receptor 1/Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 signaling pathways was involved in quercetin regulation of lipid metabolism in T2DM-induced NAFLD. In high D-glucose and free fatty acid cocultured HepG2 cells model, quercetin eliminated lipid droplets and restored the upregulated total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Similar to the findings in mice, quercetin could also activate farnesoid X receptor 1/Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 signaling pathway. These findings suggested that quercetin might be a potentially effective drug for the treatment of T2DM-induced NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Cai Heng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shiyu Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Fu D, Cardona P, Ho H, Watkins PB, Brouwer KLR. Novel Mechanisms of Valproate Hepatotoxicity: Impaired Mrp2 Trafficking and Hepatocyte Depolarization. Toxicol Sci 2019; 171:431-442. [PMID: 31368504 PMCID: PMC6760262 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a major challenge in drug development. Although numerous mechanisms for DILI have been identified, few studies have focused on loss of hepatocyte polarization as a DILI mechanism. The current study investigated the effects of valproate, an antiepileptic drug with DILI risk, on the cellular mechanisms responsible for loss of hepatocyte polarization. Fully polarized collagen sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes were treated with valproate (1-20mM) for specified times (3-24hr). Hepatocyte viability was significantly decreased by 10mM and 20mM valproate. Valproate depolarized hepatocytes, even at non-cytotoxic concentrations (=5mM). Depolarization was associated with significantly decreased canalicular levels of multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) resulting in reduced canalicular excretion of the Mrp2 substrate carboxydichlorofluorescein. The decreased canalicular Mrp2 was associated with intracellular accumulation of Mrp2 in Rab11-positive recycling endosomes and early endosomes. Mechanistic studies suggested that valproate inhibited canalicular trafficking of Mrp2. This effect of valproate on Mrp2 appeared to be selective in that valproate had less impact on canalicular levels of the bile salt export pump (Bsep) and no detectable effect on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) canalicular levels. Treatment with valproate for 24hr also significantly downregulated levels of tight junction-associated protein, zonula occludens 2 (ZO2), but appeared to have no effect on the levels of tight junction proteins claudin 1, claudin 2, occludin, ZO1 and ZO3. These findings reveal that two novel mechanisms may contribute to valproate hepatotoxicity: impaired canalicular trafficking of Mrp2 and disruption of ZO2-associated hepatocyte polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Fu
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Panli Cardona
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Henry Ho
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Paul B Watkins
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Kim L R Brouwer
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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Lin S, Wang TY, Xu HR, Zhang XN, Wang Q, Liu R, Li Q, Bi KS. A systemic combined nontargeted and targeted LC-MS based metabolomic strategy of plasma and liver on pathology exploration of alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate induced cholestatic liver injury in mice. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 171:180-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Vilas-Boas V, Gijbels E, Cooreman A, Van Campenhout R, Gustafson E, Leroy K, Vinken M. Industrial, Biocide, and Cosmetic Chemical Inducers of Cholestasis. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1327-1334. [PMID: 31243985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A frequent side effect of many drugs includes the occurrence of cholestatic liver toxicity. Over the past couple of decades, drug-induced cholestasis has gained considerable attention, resulting in a plethora of data regarding its prevalence and mechanistic basis. Likewise, several food additives and dietary supplements have been reported to cause cholestatic liver insults in the past few years. The induction of cholestatic hepatotoxicity by other types of chemicals, in particular synthetic compounds, such as industrial chemicals, biocides, and cosmetic ingredients, has been much less documented. Such information can be found in occasional clinical case reports of accidental intake or suicide attempts as well as in basic and translational study reports on mechanisms or testing of new therapeutics in cholestatic animal models. This paper focuses on such nonpharmaceutical and nondietary synthetic chemical inducers of cholestatic liver injury, in particular alpha-naphthylisocyanate, 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine, methylenedianiline, paraquat, tartrazine, triclosan, 2-octynoic acid, and 2-nonynoic acid. Most of these cholestatic compounds act by similar mechanisms. This could open perspectives for the prediction of cholestatic potential of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Vilas-Boas
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Eva Gijbels
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Axelle Cooreman
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Raf Van Campenhout
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Emma Gustafson
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Kaat Leroy
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Mathieu Vinken
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Brussels , Belgium
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Salvianolic acid B protects against ANIT-induced cholestatic liver injury through regulating bile acid transporters and enzymes, and NF-κB/IκB and MAPK pathways. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1169-1180. [PMID: 31098695 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacological effects of salvianolic acid B (SA-B) on α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestatic liver injury with the focus on bile acid homeostasis and anti-inflammatory pathways. Rats were randomly assigned into four groups. The control group was given normal saline (i.p.) for 7 consecutive days and on the 5th day was given the vehicle (i.g.). Model group was treated with normal saline (i.p.) for 7 days and administrated with ANIT (75 mg/kg, i.g.) on the 5th day. The SA-B groups were treated with SA-B (15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 consecutive days as well as ANIT (75 mg/kg, i.g.) on the 5th day. We found that the serum levels of ALT, γ-GT, TBA, and other liver function indexes were found to be lower in the SA-B treatment groups than in the model group. SA-B also upregulated the transporters and enzymes involved in bile acid homeostasis such as Bsep, Oatp2, and Cyp3a2 in rats and BSEP, CYP3A4, and OATP2 in human cell lines. Moreover, SA-B suppressed NF-κB translocation into the nucleus, inhibited phosphorylation of p38 and JNK, and inhibited inflammation markers including IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β, TNF-α, and COX-2 to extenuate cholestatic liver injury both in vivo and vitro. Taken together, our findings suggest that anti-cholestatic effects of SA-B may be associated with its ability to regulate NF-κB/IκB and MAPK inflammatory signaling pathways to inhibit inflammation and regulate transporters and enzymes to maintain bile acid homeostasis.
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Yuan Z, Zhang H, Hasnat M, Ding J, Chen X, Liang P, Sun L, Zhang L, Jiang Z. A new perspective of triptolide-associated hepatotoxicity: Liver hypersensitivity upon LPS stimulation. Toxicology 2019; 414:45-56. [PMID: 30633930 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate whether the mice treated with triptolide (TP) could disrupt the liver immune homeostasis, resulting in the inability of the liver to eliminate the harmful response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, we explored whether apoptosis and necroptosis played a critical role in the progression of the hepatotoxicity induced by TP-LPS co-treatment. METHODS Female C57BL/6 mice were continuously administrated with two different doses of TP (250 μg/kg and 500 μg/kg) intragastrically for 7 days. Subsequently, a single dose of LPS (0.1 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to testify whether the liver possesses the normal immune function to detoxicate the exogenous pathogen's stimulation. To prove the involvement of apoptosis and necroptosis in the liver damage induced by TP-LPS co-treatment, apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK (FMK) and necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin (Nec-1) were applied before the stimulation of LPS to diminish the apoptosis and necroptosis respectively. RESULTS TP or LPS alone did not induce significant liver damage. However, compared with TP or LPS treated mice, TP-LPS co-treatment mice showed obvious hepatotoxicity with a remarkable elevation of serum ALT and AST accompanied by abnormal bile acid metabolism, a depletion of liver glycogen storage, aberrant glucose metabolism, an up-regulation of inflammatory cell infiltration, and an increase of apoptosis and necroptosis. Intraperitoneal injection of FMK or Nec-1 could counteract the toxic reactions induced by TP-LPS co-treatment. CONCLUSION TP could disrupt the immune response, resulting in hypersensitivity of the liver upon LPS stimulation, ultimately leading to abnormal liver function and cell death. Additionally, apoptosis and necroptosis played a vital role in the development of liver damage induced by TP-LPS co-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiao Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Muhammad Hasnat
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiaxin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Peishi Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Center for Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 21009, China.
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Yang T, Khan GJ, Wu Z, Wang X, Zhang L, Jiang Z. Bile acid homeostasis paradigm and its connotation with cholestatic liver diseases. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:112-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid protects against alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestasis through activation of the Sirt1/FXR signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018; 39:1865-1873. [PMID: 30061734 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is a common feature of liver injury, which manifests as bile acid excretion and/or enterohepatic circulation disorders. However, very few effective therapies exist for cholestasis. Recently, 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (18b-GA), a major metabolic component of glycyrrhizin, which is the main ingredient of licorice, was reported to protect against alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis. However, its protective mechanism remains unclear. We hypothesized that 18b-GA may stimulate the signaling pathway of bile acid (BA) transportation in hepatocytes, resulting its hepatoprotective effect. According to the results, 18b-GA markedly attenuated ANIT-induced liver injury as indicated the hepatic plasma chemistry index and histopathology examination. In addition, the expression levels of nuclear factors, including Sirt1, FXR and Nrf2, and their target efflux transporters in the liver, which mainly mediate bile acid homeostasis in hepatocytes, significantly increased. Furthermore, we first revealed that 18b-GA treatment significantly activated FXR, and which can be significantly reduced by EX-527 (a potent and selective Sirt1 inhibitor), indicating that 18b-GA activates FXR through Sirt1. Taken together, 18b-GA confers hepatoprotection against ANIT-induced cholestasis by activating FXR through Sirt1, which promotes gene expression of the efflux transporter, and consequently attenuates dysregulation of bile acid homeostasis in hepatocyte compartments.
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Yang R, Zhao Q, Hu DD, Xiao XR, Huang JF, Li F. Metabolomic analysis of cholestatic liver damage in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 120:253-260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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