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Mladenova T, Batsalova T, Dzhambazov B, Mladenov R, Teneva I, Stoyanov P, Bivolarska A. Antitumor and Immunomodulatory Properties of the Bulgarian Endemic Plant Betonica bulgarica Degen et Neič. (Lamiaceae). PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131689. [PMID: 35807641 PMCID: PMC9268963 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Extracts obtained from different Betonica species have been shown to possess important biological properties. The present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity, antitumor and immunomodulatory potential of the endemic plant Betonica bulgarica (Lamiaceae) and thus, reveal new aspects of its biological activity. Methods: Methanolic extract obtained from inflorescences was analyzed for cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines. The antitumor potential of the sample was determined using human cervical and lung adenocarcinoma cells (HeLa and A549). Programmed cell death-inducing effects against HeLa cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes, as well as immunomodulatory properties of the extract were determined by flow cytometry analysis. Results: The research results demonstrated that the extract has significant inhibitory potential against HeLa cells (mean IC50 value 119.2 μg/mL). The sample selectively induced apoptotic death in tumor cells. Cytotoxic effects towards mouse cell lines were detected following treatment with high concentrations of Betonica bulgarica extract (200 and 250 μg/mL). Twenty-four-hour ex vivo incubation of peripheral blood leucocytes in growth medium containing plant extract induced prominent effects in distinct immune cell populations. They included elevated levels of CD25+ and CD56+ T cells’ lymphocytes, particularly CD4+CD25+ and CD8+CD56+ cells. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that Betonica bulgarica inflorescence extract possesses potential beneficial antitumor and immunomodulatory activity and could serve as a source of bioactive compounds with biomedical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsvetelina Mladenova
- Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.M.); (T.B.); (B.D.); (R.M.); (I.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Tsvetelina Batsalova
- Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.M.); (T.B.); (B.D.); (R.M.); (I.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Balik Dzhambazov
- Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.M.); (T.B.); (B.D.); (R.M.); (I.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Rumen Mladenov
- Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.M.); (T.B.); (B.D.); (R.M.); (I.T.); (P.S.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ivanka Teneva
- Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.M.); (T.B.); (B.D.); (R.M.); (I.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Plamen Stoyanov
- Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, 24 Tsar Assen Str., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (T.M.); (T.B.); (B.D.); (R.M.); (I.T.); (P.S.)
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Anelia Bivolarska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vasil Aprilov Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +359-32-200-695
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Roacho-Pérez JA, Rodríguez-Aguillón KO, Gallardo-Blanco HL, Velazco-Campos MR, Sosa-Cruz KV, García-Casillas PE, Rojas-Patlán L, Sánchez-Domínguez M, Rivas-Estilla AM, Gómez-Flores V, Chapa-Gonzalez C, Sánchez-Domínguez CN. A Full Set of In Vitro Assays in Chitosan/Tween 80 Microspheres Loaded with Magnetite Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13030400. [PMID: 33513783 PMCID: PMC7865444 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microspheres have been proposed for different medical applications, such as the delivery of therapeutic proteins. The first step, before evaluating the functionality of a protein delivery system, is to evaluate their biological safety. In this work, we developed chitosan/Tween 80 microspheres loaded with magnetite nanoparticles and evaluated cell damage. The formation and physical-chemical properties of the microspheres were determined by FT-IR, Raman, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and SEM. Cell damage was evaluated by a full set of in vitro assays using a non-cancerous cell line, human erythrocytes, and human lymphocytes. At the same time, to know if these microspheres can load proteins over their surface, bovine serum albumin (BSA) immobilization was measured. Results showed 7 nm magnetite nanoparticles loaded into chitosan/Tween 80 microspheres with average sizes of 1.431 µm. At concentrations from 1 to 100 µg/mL, there was no evidence of changes in mitochondrial metabolism, cell morphology, membrane rupture, cell cycle, nor sister chromatid exchange formation. For each microgram of microspheres 1.8 µg of BSA was immobilized. The result provides the fundamental understanding of the in vitro biological behavior, and safety, of developed microspheres. Additionally, this set of assays can be helpful for researchers to evaluate different nano and microparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Roacho-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (J.A.R.-P.); (K.O.R.-A.); (A.M.R.-E.)
| | - Kassandra O Rodríguez-Aguillón
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (J.A.R.-P.); (K.O.R.-A.); (A.M.R.-E.)
| | - Hugo L Gallardo-Blanco
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (H.L.G.-B.); (M.R.V.-C.); (L.R.-P.)
| | - María R Velazco-Campos
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (H.L.G.-B.); (M.R.V.-C.); (L.R.-P.)
| | - Karla V Sosa-Cruz
- Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico; (K.V.S.-C.); (P.E.G.-C.); (V.G.-F.)
| | - Perla E García-Casillas
- Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico; (K.V.S.-C.); (P.E.G.-C.); (V.G.-F.)
| | - Luz Rojas-Patlán
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (H.L.G.-B.); (M.R.V.-C.); (L.R.-P.)
| | - Margarita Sánchez-Domínguez
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C. (CIMAV, S.C.), Unidad Monterrey, Apodaca 66628, Mexico;
| | - Ana M Rivas-Estilla
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (J.A.R.-P.); (K.O.R.-A.); (A.M.R.-E.)
| | - Víctor Gómez-Flores
- Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico; (K.V.S.-C.); (P.E.G.-C.); (V.G.-F.)
| | - Christian Chapa-Gonzalez
- Instituto de Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico; (K.V.S.-C.); (P.E.G.-C.); (V.G.-F.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.-G.); (C.N.S.-D.)
| | - Celia N Sánchez-Domínguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (J.A.R.-P.); (K.O.R.-A.); (A.M.R.-E.)
- Correspondence: (C.C.-G.); (C.N.S.-D.)
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Dantas FGDS, Castilho PFD, Almeida-Apolonio AAD, Araújo RPD, Oliveira KMPD. Mutagenic potential of medicinal plants evaluated by the Ames Salmonella/microsome assay: A systematic review. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 786:108338. [PMID: 33339578 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The Ames test has become one of the most commonly used tests to assess the mutagenic potential of medicinal plants since they have several biological activities and thus have been used in traditional medicine and in the pharmaceutical industry as a source of raw materials. Accordingly, this review aims to report previous use of the Ames test to evaluate the mutagenic potential of medicinal plants. A database was constructed by curating literature identified by a search on the electronic databases Medline (via Pubmed), Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science from 1975 to April 2020, using the following terms: "genotoxicity tests" OR "mutagenicity tests" OR "Ames test" AND "medicinal plants." From the research, 239 articles were selected, including studies of 478 species distributed across 111 botanical families, with Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Lamiaceae being the most frequent. It was identified that 388 species were non-mutagenic. Of these, 21% (83/388) showed antimutagenic potential, most notable in the Lamiaceae family. The results also indicate that 18% (90/478) of the species were mutagenic, of which 54% were mutagenic in the presence and absence of S9. Strains TA98 and TA100 showed a sensitivity of 93% in detecting plant extracts with mutagenic potential. However, the reliability of many reviewed studies regarding the botanical extracts may be questioned due to technical issues, such as testing being performed only in the presence or absence of S9, use of maximum doses below 5 mg/plate and lack of information on the cytotoxicity of tested doses. These methodological aspects additionally demonstrated that a discussion about the doses used in research on mixtures, such as the ones assessed with botanical extracts and the most sensitive strains employed to detect the mutagenic potential, should be included in a possible update of the guidelines designed by the regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Gomes da Silva Dantas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil; Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renata Pires de Araújo
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil; Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - Kelly Mari Pires de Oliveira
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil; Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
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Tomou EM, Barda C, Skaltsa H. Genus Stachys: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Bioactivity. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 7:E63. [PMID: 33003416 PMCID: PMC7601302 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present review highlights that Stachys spp. consist an important source of bioactive phytochemicals and exemplifies the uncharted territory of this genus for new research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (C.B.)
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